A method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide concentration operations

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide beneficiation. The method employs a two-stage beneficiation process for the zinc oxide roughing froth. The first stage is a "low-concentration, high-aeration-volume beneficiation," where low concentration helps improve the zinc concentrate grade, and high aeration prevents zinc from being lost in the middlings, thus increasing the zinc beneficiation recovery rate. Adding the modifier GH-7 effectively disperses the slurry, reducing the impact of regenerated fine mud in the ore runoff. Adding a mixture of sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 allows for simultaneous activation and collection, avoiding the reduction in effectiveness due to prolonged activator addition. The second stage is a "low-concentration, suitable-aeration-volume beneficiation," where only the collector is added, primarily to ensure the quality of the zinc concentrate. This method is simple, easy to operate, and highly applicable, effectively preventing zinc metal loss in the middlings and improving the efficiency of zinc beneficiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing technology, specifically a method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide beneficiation operations. Background Technology

[0002] The efficient and economical recovery of lead-zinc oxide resources is a major challenge in mineral processing research, especially the separation of zinc oxide, which is a key research focus in the field of mineral processing. Zinc oxide separation faces technical challenges such as high mud content in the raw ore, low recovery rate, poor concentrate quality, and high costs associated with large quantities of beneficiation reagents. The commonly used separation method for zinc oxide remains flotation. A common problem in flotation is that while the roughing parameters are good, the cleaning efficiency is low. This is because different zinc oxide ores have different properties, requiring different selections, dosages, and timing of addition of modifiers and collectors. If these are not accurately controlled, zinc metal can easily be lost in the middlings, resulting in a final concentrate grade and recovery rate that do not meet requirements. Furthermore, multiple cleaning stages in zinc oxide do not necessarily improve zinc quality; in fact, they can reduce recovery rates. Therefore, improving the efficiency of zinc oxide cleaning operations and appropriately reducing the number of cleaning stages is crucial for zinc oxide recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide beneficiation operations by employing a two-stage beneficiation process, selecting appropriate modifiers and collectors, and adjusting flotation parameters to ensure the quality of zinc concentrate.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide refining operations includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, a selected section

[0007] Place the zinc oxide roughing froth into a flotation machine, adjust the flotation concentration to 11-13%, add modifier GH-7 at a ratio of 800-1000 g / t, stir for 5 min, then add a mixture of sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 at a ratio of 5000-5500 g / t, stir for 4 min. The mass ratio of sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 in the sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 mixture is 10:1. The aeration rate is 1.2-1.5 m³ / min. 3 Under certain conditions, zinc oxide was refined using low-concentration, high-volume aeration methods, yielding refined foam 1 and middlings 1. Testing revealed that the zinc grade in refined foam 1 was 15-17%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was over 90.37%.

[0008] Step Two, Second Section Selection

[0009] Place the selected froth 1 obtained in step one into a flotation machine, adjust the flotation concentration to 10-12%, add modifier GH-7 at a ratio of 200-300 g / t, and stir for 5 min; then add collector GY-101 at a ratio of 100-120 g / t, and stir for 4 min; maintain an aeration rate of 0.8-0.9 m³ / min. 3 Under suitable conditions, zinc oxide was refined with low concentration and appropriate aeration to obtain refined foam 2 and middlings 2. The zinc grade in refined foam 2 was found to be 18.11-20%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 91-93%.

[0010] Preferably, the modifier GH-7 contains the following main components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts sodium silicate, 1-2 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.5-1 parts synthetic tannin, and 1.5-2 parts sodium bicarbonate.

[0011] Preferably, the collector GY-101 contains the following main components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of cocoyl amine, 3-6 parts of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.5-1 part of No. 25 black powder, 0.5-1 part of kerosene, and 2-4 parts of acetic acid.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] (1) In this invention, the zinc oxide roughing foam is selected in two stages. The first stage is "low concentration and high aeration volume selection". The low concentration is conducive to improving the grade of zinc concentrate, and the high aeration volume is to prevent zinc from "falling" into the middlings and improve the recovery rate of zinc selection. The addition of the modifier GH-7 can fully disperse the slurry and reduce the influence of the regenerated fine mud in the ore. The addition of the mixture of sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 activates and collects at the same time, avoiding the reduction of the effect of the activator due to the long addition time. The second stage is "low concentration and appropriate aeration volume selection", only the collector is added, and the main purpose is to ensure the quality of zinc concentrate.

[0014] (2) The modifier GH-7 can effectively reduce the amount of gangue in the beneficiation operation and ensure the quality of zinc concentrate. The collector GY-101 can reduce the viscosity of foam, improve the stability of the agent action, and has strong collecting ability, which can ensure the zinc beneficiation recovery rate, thereby improving the efficiency of zinc beneficiation operation.

[0015] (3) The method of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and highly applicable. It can effectively prevent the loss of zinc metal in the middlings and improve the efficiency of zinc beneficiation operations. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0017] Example 1

[0018] A lead-zinc mine in Inner Mongolia has a lead grade of 2.37%, a zinc grade of 8.45%, a sulfur grade of 1.89%, a lead oxidation rate of 54.17%, and a zinc oxidation rate of 59.42%. After separation of lead sulfide, lead oxide, and zinc sulfide, the flotation tailings from the raw ore undergo desliming, rapid flotation, and roughing to obtain zinc oxide roughing froth. The zinc grade in the zinc oxide roughing froth is 9.25%.

[0019] A method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide refining operations includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1, a selected section

[0021] The zinc oxide roughing froth was placed in a flotation machine, and the flotation concentration was adjusted to 11.98%. GH-7 modifier was added at a ratio of 950 g / t, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. A mixture of sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 was added at a ratio of 5000 g / t, and the mixture was stirred for 4 minutes. The mass ratio of sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 in the sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 mixture was 10:1. The aeration rate was 1.35 m³ / min. 3 Under certain conditions, low-concentration, high-volume aeration was used to refine zinc oxide, yielding refined foam 1 and middlings 1. Testing revealed that the zinc grade in refined foam 1 was 16.17%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 91.57%.

[0022] Step Two, Second Section Selection

[0023] The selected froth 1 obtained in step one was placed in a flotation machine, the flotation concentration was adjusted to 11%, and modifier GH-7 was added at a ratio of 250 g / t, and stirred for 5 min; then collector GY-101 was added at a ratio of 110 g / t, and stirred for 4 min; the aeration rate was 0.88 m³ / min. 3 Under suitable conditions, zinc oxide was refined with low concentration and appropriate aeration to obtain refined foam 2 and middlings 2. The zinc grade in refined foam 2 was found to be 19.33%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 92.13%.

[0024] Modifier GH-7 contains the following main components in parts by weight: sodium silicate 3 parts, hydroxyethyl cellulose 1.5 parts, synthetic tannin 0.5 parts, and sodium bicarbonate 2 parts. Collector GY-101 contains the following main components in parts by weight: cocoamine 1 part, N-hydroxyphthalimide 3 parts, No. 25 black powder 1 part, kerosene 1 part, and acetic acid 2 parts.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] A lead-zinc mine in Yunnan Province is a typical domestic oxidized lead-zinc deposit. The raw ore has a lead grade of 1.22%, a zinc grade of 5.33%, a sulfur grade of 1.48%, a lead oxidation rate of 63.78%, and a zinc oxidation rate of 60.23%. The beneficiation plant uses a process flow of preferentially reacting lead sulfide, then lead oxide, and finally zinc oxide. The zinc grade in the flotation tailings is 3.43%. After desliming, rapid flotation, and roughing, zinc oxide roughing froth is obtained. The zinc grade in the zinc oxide roughing froth is 8.12%.

[0027] A method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide refining operations includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1, a selected section

[0029] The zinc oxide roughing froth was placed in a flotation machine, and the flotation concentration was adjusted to 12.5%. GH-7 modifier was added at a ratio of 800 g / t, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. A mixture of sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 was added at a ratio of 5500 g / t, and the mixture was stirred for 4 minutes. The mass ratio of sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 in the sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 mixture was 10:1. The aeration rate was 1.2 m³ / min. 3 Under certain conditions, low-concentration, high-volume aeration was used to refine zinc oxide, yielding refined foam 1 and middlings 1. Testing revealed that the zinc grade in refined foam 1 was 15.33%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 92.37%.

[0030] Step Two, Second Section Selection

[0031] The selected froth 1 obtained in step one was placed in a flotation machine, the flotation concentration was adjusted to 10%, and modifier GH-7 was added at a ratio of 200 g / t, and stirred for 5 min; then collector GY-101 was added at a ratio of 120 g / t, and stirred for 4 min; the aeration rate was 0.8 m³ / min. 3 Under suitable conditions, zinc oxide was refined with low concentration and appropriate aeration to obtain refined foam 2 and middlings 2. The zinc grade in refined foam 2 was found to be 18.11%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 91.37%.

[0032] Modifier GH-7 contains the following main components in parts by weight: sodium silicate 5 parts, hydroxyethyl cellulose 2 parts, synthetic tannin 1 part, and sodium bicarbonate 1.5 parts. Collector GY-101 contains the following main components in parts by weight: cocoamine 2 parts, N-hydroxyphthalimide 6 parts, No. 25 black powder 0.5 parts, kerosene 0.5 parts, and acetic acid 4 parts.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] A lead-zinc mine in Hunan Province has a lead grade of 1.55%, a zinc grade of 6.45%, and a sulfur grade of 1.23% in its raw ore. The lead oxidation rate is 55.23%, and the zinc oxidation rate is 57.02%. The beneficiation plant uses a process that prioritizes lead sulfide, then lead oxide, and finally zinc oxide. The zinc grade in the flotation tailings is 2.21%. After desliming, rapid flotation, and roughing, the flotation tailings yield zinc oxide rougher froth. The zinc grade in the zinc oxide rougher froth is 11%.

[0035] A method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide refining operations includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1, a selected section

[0037] The zinc oxide roughing froth was placed in a flotation machine, and the flotation concentration was adjusted to 13%. GH-7 modifier was added at a ratio of 1000 g / t, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. A mixture of sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 was then added at a ratio of 5200 g / t, and stirred for 4 minutes. The mass ratio of sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 in the sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 mixture was 10:1. The aeration rate was 1.5 m³ / min. 3 Under certain conditions, low-concentration, high-volume aeration was used to refine zinc oxide, yielding refined foam 1 and middlings 1. Testing revealed that the zinc grade in refined foam 1 was 17%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 93.78%.

[0038] Step Two, Second Section Selection

[0039] The selected froth 1 obtained in step one was placed in a flotation machine, the flotation concentration was adjusted to 12%, and modifier GH-7 was added at a ratio of 300 g / t, and stirred for 5 min; then collector GY-101 was added at a ratio of 100 g / t, and stirred for 4 min; the aeration rate was 0.9 m³ / min. 3 Under suitable conditions, zinc oxide was refined with low concentration and appropriate aeration to obtain refined foam 2 and middlings 2. The zinc grade in refined foam 2 was found to be 20%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 93%.

[0040] Modifier GH-7 contains the following main components in parts by weight: sodium silicate 4 parts, hydroxyethyl cellulose 1.5 parts, synthetic tannin 0.5 parts, and sodium bicarbonate 2 parts. Collector GY-101 contains the following main components in parts by weight: cocoamine 1.5 parts, N-hydroxyphthalimide 5 parts, No. 25 black powder 0.0 parts, kerosene 0.8 parts, and acetic acid 3 parts.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] A lead-zinc mine in Gansu Province is a typical domestic oxide lead-zinc deposit. The raw ore has a lead grade of 1.51%, a zinc grade of 7.63%, and a sulfur grade of 1.79%. A flotation process is employed, prioritizing lead sulfide flotation, followed by lead oxide flotation, and then mixing zinc oxide with pyrite for flotation to obtain flotation tailings. The zinc grade in the tailings is 4.11%. After desliming, rapid flotation, and roughing, the flotation tailings yield zinc oxide rougher froth. The zinc grade in the zinc oxide rougher froth is 10.12%.

[0043] A method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide refining operations includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1, a selected section

[0045] The zinc oxide roughing froth was placed in a flotation machine, and the flotation concentration was adjusted to 11%. GH-7 modifier was added at a ratio of 860 g / t, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. A mixture of sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 was added at a ratio of 5300 g / t, and the mixture was stirred for 4 minutes. The mass ratio of sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 in the sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 mixture was 10:1. The aeration rate was 1.4 m³ / min. 3 Under certain conditions, low-concentration, high-volume aeration was used to refine zinc oxide, yielding refined foam 1 and middlings 1. Testing revealed that the zinc grade in refined foam 1 was 15%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 90.37%.

[0046] Step Two, Second Section Selection

[0047] The selected froth 1 obtained in step one was placed in a flotation machine, the flotation concentration was adjusted to 11.37%, and modifier GH-7 was added at a ratio of 280 g / t, and stirred for 5 min; then collector GY-101 was added at a ratio of 115 g / t, and stirred for 4 min; the aeration rate was 0.82 m³ / min. 3 Under suitable conditions, zinc oxide was refined with low concentration and appropriate aeration to obtain refined foam 2 and middlings 2. The zinc grade in refined foam 2 was found to be 18.79%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 91%.

[0048] Modifier GH-7 contains the following main components in parts by weight: sodium silicate 4 parts, hydroxyethyl cellulose 1 part, synthetic tannin 0.6 parts, and sodium bicarbonate 1.8 parts. Collector GY-101 contains the following main components in parts by weight: cocoamine 1.2 parts, N-hydroxyphthalimide 4 parts, No. 25 black powder 1 part, kerosene 1 part, and acetic acid 3 parts.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, other equivalent modifications and improvements can be made based on the technical teachings provided by the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the efficiency of zinc oxide refining operations, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1, a selected section Place the zinc oxide roughing froth into a flotation machine, adjust the flotation concentration to 11-13%, add modifier GH-7 at a ratio of 800-1000 g / t, stir for 5 min, then add a mixture of sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 at a ratio of 5000-5500 g / t, stir for 4 min. The mass ratio of sodium sulfide to collector GY-101 in the sodium sulfide and collector GY-101 mixture is 10:

1. The aeration rate is 1.2-1.5 m³ / min. 3 Under certain conditions, zinc oxide was refined using low-concentration, high-volume aeration methods, yielding refined foam 1 and middlings 1. Testing revealed that the zinc grade in refined foam 1 was 15-17%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was over 90.37%. Step Two, Second Section Selection Place the selected froth 1 obtained in step one into a flotation machine, adjust the flotation concentration to 10-12%, add modifier GH-7 at a ratio of 200-300 g / t, and stir for 5 min; then add collector GY-101 at a ratio of 100-120 g / t, and stir for 4 min; maintain an aeration rate of 0.8-0.9 m³ / min. 3 Under suitable conditions, zinc oxide was refined using low-concentration aeration to obtain refined foam 2 and middlings 2. Analysis showed that the zinc grade in refined foam 2 was 18.11-20%, and the zinc oxide recovery rate was 91-93%. The modifier GH-7 contains the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts sodium silicate, 1-2 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.5-1 parts synthetic tannin, and 1.5-2 parts sodium bicarbonate; The collector GY-101 contains the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of cocoyl amine, 3-6 parts of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.5-1 part of No. 25 black powder, 0.5-1 part of kerosene, and 2-4 parts of acetic acid.