A tooling and high-speed precision engraving method for making cross-shaped engravings on stainless steel diaphragms

Abstract

A tooling and high-speed precision engraving method for creating a star-shaped engraving on a stainless steel diaphragm belongs to the technical field of precision engraving. Based on high-speed precision engraving technology and the characteristics of diaphragm processing, a dedicated high-speed CNC precision engraving equipment is selected; a special tool with specific geometric parameters is chosen according to the stainless steel material and diaphragm structure; a dedicated tooling design ensures the machining accuracy of the diaphragm, and the tooling is used to clamp the semi-finished diaphragm; a dedicated toolpath and cutting amount, as well as the spindle speed of the dedicated high-speed CNC precision engraving equipment, ensure product accuracy; this invention effectively achieves the precision machining of a star-shaped engraving on a stainless steel diaphragm that meets design requirements, ensuring the machining accuracy, quality, and consistency of the part.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of fine carving processing, and particularly relates to a stainless steel diaphragm rice-shaped notch tooling and a high-speed fine carving processing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The traditional extrusion forming is difficult to guarantee the consistency of the residual thickness of the notch of the stainless steel diaphragm due to its special structure and notch, and numerical control processing provides a possibility for the processing of the stainless steel diaphragm due to its good consistency. In numerical control processing, small tool machining technology can well solve such problems for small size features on the diaphragm surface. However, the smaller the tool diameter is, the higher the spindle speed is required, and the smaller the corresponding cutting force on the workpiece is. However, it is difficult for general numerical control machine tools to achieve extremely high spindle speed. Even if the limit state can achieve high speed, the spindle will bear excessive cutting force, resulting in damage to the machine tool and the tool. In recent years, high-speed fine carving machine tools have appeared and provide equipment support for diaphragm numerical control processing by means of high spindle speed, fast feed speed and small cutting depth for numerical control fine carving processing, so as to process small features and obtain stable surface quality. At the same time, the stainless steel diaphragm also has the characteristics of serious work hardening, large cutting force (heat) and serious tool wear. Therefore, it is required to improve and control the equipment, tool, tooling and processing parameters according to the characteristics of high-speed fine carving processing and the stainless steel diaphragm. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem solved by the application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a stainless steel diaphragm rice-shaped notch tooling and a high-speed fine carving processing method. The method solves the problem that the traditional extrusion forming is difficult to guarantee the consistency of the residual thickness of the notch of the diaphragm and the difficult machining problem of the stainless steel diaphragm, improves the machining efficiency and precision of the stainless steel diaphragm, and guarantees the machining consistency requirement of the stainless steel diaphragm rice-shaped notch.

[0004] The technical scheme provided by the application is as follows.

[0005] In a first aspect, a stainless steel diaphragm rice-shaped notch tooling is provided, which comprises a top rod and a cover plate. One side of the cover plate is provided with a placing groove, and the other side surface of the cover plate is provided with a rice-shaped groove penetrating into the placing groove. The placing groove is used for placing a diaphragm to be processed. The cover plate is provided with a mounting groove on the side away from the rice-shaped groove. The diameter of the mounting groove is larger than that of the placing groove. The top rod is threadedly connected in the mounting groove. The end of the top rod is provided with a fixing part with the same diameter as the placing groove. The fixing part is used for fixing the diaphragm.

[0006] The rice-shaped groove is opposite to the rice-shaped notch to be processed on the diaphragm to be processed. The edge of the rice-shaped groove and the single side gap of the rice-shaped notch are 0.1-0.125 mm.

[0007] In a second aspect, a high-speed precision engraving method for a stainless steel diaphragm rice-shaped score is provided, comprising:

[0008] S1: fixing the to-be-processed diaphragm on the tooling for a stainless steel diaphragm rice-shaped score according to any one of claims 1-2;

[0009] S2: using a high-speed precision engraving machine and a ball-end milling cutter to mill and engrave the to-be-processed diaphragm in a rice-shaped groove.

[0010] The highest speed of the spindle of the high-speed precision engraving machine is greater than or equal to 8000 r / min.

[0011] The ball-end milling cutter is made of hard alloy.

[0012] The ball-end milling cutter has a rake angle of 11-13°, a relief angle of 17-19°, a ball head radius of 0.73-0.77 mm, a right-hand right-cut form, and a helix angle of 28-32°.

[0013] The to-be-processed diaphragm has a thickness of 0.10-0.15 mm and is made of stainless steel.

[0014] In the step S2, the rice-shaped score is divided into at least three processes with different depths according to the depth of the rice-shaped score.

[0015] Each process has a path: the rice-shaped score includes four straight line scores, and any one straight line score is processed first, then a straight line score perpendicular to the first straight line score is processed, and the last two straight line scores are processed in turn.

[0016] In each process, when any one straight line score is processed, a starting point of the straight line score is used as a tool starting point, and the straight line score is processed through multiple subtractive processes.

[0017] Each subtractive process uses a zigzag tool path, and at least two zigzag tool paths complete one subtractive process.

[0018] The zigzag tool path includes: cutting along the depth direction of the rice-shaped score at an angle of 45-60° with respect to the horizontal direction, and then cutting horizontally.

[0019] In summary, the present application has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] (1) The plasticity of the stainless steel material to be processed is high, the elongation is large, the thermal conductivity is poor, and the film mark is an arc mark. It cannot be processed by the traditional rice-shaped cutter extrusion deformation method. Even if an arc-shaped cutter is used for stamping, the consistency of the film mark cannot be guaranteed. The high spindle precision of the numerical control processing method of the application can process arc and other spline curves at will, improving the processing flexibility and consistency.

[0021] (2) The plasticity of the stainless steel material is large, the elongation is high, and the thermal conductivity is poor. The surface roughness of the film mark in traditional numerical control processing is poor, and local thermal deformation is easily caused, which cannot guarantee the processing quality of the part. The high-speed engraving processing method of the application overcomes this difficulty. The use of ball end mill in the processing process can greatly reduce the cutting deformation and improve the surface processing quality of the mark.

[0022] (3) The traditional milling processing tool path can be divided into four types: one-way tool path, reciprocating tool path, ring cutting tool path and composite tool path. However, due to the size limitation of the film structure and the small cutting depth, simple one-way or reciprocating tool path cannot meet the requirement that all marks have the same remaining thickness and produce less deformation. In this paper, the "Z" shaped tool path is adopted, and the cutting is performed at a certain angle. Two tool paths complete one stock removal processing, and one mark is processed three times. After the processing of each mark, the next mark is processed. By regulating the cutting amount and spindle speed during the mark processing, the consistency and deformation of the mark can be effectively controlled, thereby ensuring the processing quality.

[0023] (4) The film mark before processing is a flat disc. The tooling device composed of a top rod and a cover plate is designed. There is a groove part on the upper part of the top rod. The film semi-finished product is fixed by the threads between the cover plate and the top rod, which ensures that the film is clamped flat enough during processing and does not rotate during processing. The cover plate is a rice-shaped hollow structure, and the cutter can mill and mark through the rice-shaped groove to find the center point of each rice-shaped mark, which can ensure the uniformity of the rice-shaped mark. The tooling structure of the application is simple, the production cost is low, and the consistency is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a rice-shaped film.

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a special ball end mill.

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a special tooling structure for film processing.

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a special tooling top rod structure for film processing.

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a special tool cover plate structure for film processing.

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic view of a cutting tool path.

[0030] Reference sign explanation: 1, ejector pin; 11, fixed part; 2, cover plate; 21, placing groove; 22, rice-shaped groove; 23, mounting groove; 3, film to be processed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The special word "exemplary" here means "serving as an example, embodiment or illustration". Any embodiment described as "exemplary" here is not necessarily to be construed as superior or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

[0032] The embodiments of the present application disclose a special tool for rice-shaped scoring of stainless steel film and a high-speed fine carving processing method, wherein the special tool for rice-shaped scoring of stainless steel film comprises an ejector pin 1 and a cover plate 2. Figure 1 , 3 , 4 and 5, wherein the cover plate 2 is provided with a placing groove 21 on one side, and a rice-shaped groove 22 is formed on the other side surface of the cover plate and penetrates into the placing groove, the placing groove is used for placing the film to be processed 3; the cover plate 2 is provided with a mounting groove 23 on the side of the placing groove 21 away from the rice-shaped groove, the diameter of the mounting groove 23 is larger than that of the placing groove, the ejector pin is screw-connected in the mounting groove 23, and the end of the ejector pin 1 is provided with a fixed part 11 with the same diameter as the placing groove, the fixed part 11 is used for fixing the film. The rice-shaped groove 22 is opposite to the rice-shaped score to be processed on the film to be processed 3, and the edge of the rice-shaped groove is 0.1-0.125 mm away from the single-side gap of the rice-shaped score.

[0033] The film to be processed is a flat round piece before scoring, and a special tool is required for processing so that the flat round piece can be clamped on the tool. The film to be processed is fixed by the thread between the cover plate and the ejector pin, the cover plate forms a rice-shaped hollow structure, and the cutter can mill and score through the rice-shaped groove, the center point of each rice-shaped score can be well found, and the uniformity of the rice-shaped score can be ensured.

[0034] As Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, there is a recessed part in the upper part of the ejector rod, which is 0.1mm, used for positioning the diaphragm. The upper plane of the ejector rod and the clamping surface of the diaphragm require flatness of 0.005, in order to ensure that the diaphragm is clamped flat enough during processing, and the diaphragm does not rotate during processing. In this embodiment, the thickness of the diaphragm to be processed is 0.10-0.15mm, the width of the rice-shaped notch is 1.2-1.5mm, the depth is 0.04-0.106mm, and the gap of the rice-shaped groove is 1.5-1.8mm.

[0035] A high-speed precision engraving processing method for rice-shaped notches of stainless steel diaphragms, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 includes the following steps:

[0036] S1: Fix the diaphragm to be processed in the above-mentioned tooling for rice-shaped notches of stainless steel diaphragms;

[0037] S2: Use a high-speed precision engraving machine and a ball-end milling cutter to mill and engrave rice-shaped notches on the diaphragm to be processed.

[0038] In step S2, a special high-speed numerical control precision engraving equipment is selected; according to the processing characteristics of the diaphragm, a special high-speed numerical control precision engraving equipment is selected, which can realize stepless speed change, process small features, and obtain stable surface quality.

[0039] Specifically, according to the principle of high-speed precision engraving machine, a high-speed precision engraving machine with electric spindle is used to realize stepless speed change. Small tool machining requires very high speed. For stainless steel diaphragms, in order to ensure processing quality, a high-speed precision engraving machine with spindle speed ≥8000r / min is used.

[0040] In step S2, the selection of ball-end milling cutter; according to the characteristics of serious work hardening of stainless steel, large cutting force (heat) and serious tool wear, special carbide ball-end milling cutter with specific rake angle, relief angle, ball head radius, right-hand right-cut and spiral angle is selected, so as to ensure stable cutting state.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2As shown in the figure, the cutting tool of stainless steel material is severely worn, and the cutting force (heat) is large, so the cutting tool material of hard alloy is used as the cutting film. The bottom of the film is arc-shaped notch, so the ball head milling cutter is used, and the ball head radius is 0.75mm. When the ball head milling cutter works, the tool geometric angles affecting the cutting performance mainly include the rake angle, the relief angle and the blade inclination angle. The size of the rake angle directly affects the deformation of the chip and the strength and heat dissipation capacity of the cutting edge. Stainless steel material is easy to stick to the tool, so a larger rake angle is used for cutting, and the rake angle is selected as 12°. The function of the relief angle is to reduce the friction between the tool relief surface and the workpiece diameter. The radius of the ball head milling cutter is very small, and too small relief angle will cause friction with the product, resulting in cutting failure, so the relief angle is selected as 18°. The blade inclination angle affects the direction of chip flow. Negative blade inclination angle makes the chip deviate to the machined surface, and positive blade inclination angle makes the chip deviate to the unprocessed surface. In order to not affect the quality of the machined surface and ensure smooth cutting, the ball head milling cutter adopts right-handed right cutting form, and the spiral angle is 30°, which ensures smooth and stable chip removal process.

[0042] As shown in Figure 6 , step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] According to the depth of the rice-shaped notch, the rice-shaped notch is divided into three times of processing with different depths;

[0044] The path of each processing is that the rice-shaped notch includes four straight line notches, any one straight line notch is processed first, then the straight line notch perpendicular to the first straight line notch is processed, and the last two straight line notches are processed in turn.

[0045] Each processing and when processing any one straight line notch, a starting point of the straight line notch is taken as a tool path starting point, and is processed by multiple times of subtractive processing; each time of subtractive processing adopts "zigzag" tool path, and two times of "zigzag" tool path complete one time of subtractive processing.

[0046] The "zigzag" tool path includes: along the depth direction of the rice-shaped notch, the tool path is cut to the center of the circle at an angle of 45°-60° along the length direction of the notch, and then the tool path is cut to the circumference along the length direction of the notch for cutting, after the cutting is completed, multiple segment "zigzag" cutting is performed according to the length of the notch in the above manner, and finally the notch processing is completed.

[0047] The above special tool path, cutting amount and special high-speed numerical control precision carving equipment spindle speed are used to ensure the product precision; the cutting amount and the spindle speed in the notch processing process are specified, which can effectively control the consistency of the notch and the processing deformation, so as to ensure the processing quality.

[0048] The traditional milling processing tool path can be divided into four categories: one-way tool path, reciprocating tool path, ring cutting tool path and composite tool path. However, due to the size limitation of the diaphragm structure and the small cutting depth, the simple one-way or reciprocating tool path cannot meet the requirement that all notches have the same residual thickness and produce large deformation. The simple one-way or reciprocating tool path cannot meet the requirement that all notches have the same residual thickness, and the part will produce large deformation after being taken out of the tooling. The residual thickness of the diaphragm notch is 0.043-0.066mm, and the zigzag tool path can better maintain the stable residual thickness, and the tool path trajectory is shown in the figure. Because stainless steel is easy to produce thermal deformation, the depth direction of one notch is divided into three times of processing, and the cutting amount in the depth direction of each time is 0.02-0.04mm. After the processing of one notch is completed, the next notch is processed, and the same tool path is repeated for processing. The cutting speed is 10000r / min. The part has small dispersion, and the dispersion of each notch is not more than 0.004mm, and the consistency is good, so 10000r / min is set as the processing parameter.

[0049] The application is described in detail above in combination with specific embodiments and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limitations of the application. Those skilled in the art understand that the technical solutions and embodiments of the application can be variously replaced, modified or improved without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and these all fall within the scope of the application. The protection scope of the application is subject to the appended claims.

[0050] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the application are the known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-speed precision engraving method for a stainless steel diaphragm chevron score, characterized by: Comprising S1: fixing the to-be-processed diaphragm on a stainless steel diaphragm rice-shaped notch tool; the stainless steel diaphragm rice-shaped notch tool comprises a top rod (1) and a cover plate (2); One side of the cover plate (2) is provided with a placing groove (21), and the other side surface of the cover plate (2) is provided with a rice-shaped groove (22) penetrating into the placing groove (21); the placing groove (21) is used for placing the to-be-processed diaphragm (3); The cover plate (2) is provided with a mounting groove (23) on the side of the placing groove (21) away from the rice-shaped groove (22); the diameter of the mounting groove (23) is greater than that of the placing groove (21); the top rod (1) is screw-connected into the mounting groove; the end of the top rod is provided with a fixing part (11) with the same diameter as the placing groove; the fixing part (11) is used for fixing the to-be-processed diaphragm (3); the rice-shaped groove (22) is opposite to the rice-shaped notch to be processed on the to-be-processed diaphragm (3); the edge of the rice-shaped groove (22) is 0.1-0.125mm away from the single-side gap of the rice-shaped notch; S2: using a high-speed engraving machine and a ball head milling cutter to mill and engrave the rice-shaped notch on the to-be-processed diaphragm through the rice-shaped groove, specifically as follows: According to the depth of the rice-shaped notch, the rice-shaped notch is divided into at least three times of processing with different depths; The path of each processing is as follows: the rice-shaped notch comprises four straight line notches; any one straight line notch is processed first, then the straight line notch perpendicular to the first straight line notch is processed, and the last two straight line notches are processed in turn; When any one straight line notch is processed, the start point of the straight line notch is taken as the tool path start point, and the straight line notch is processed through multiple times of subtractive processing; Each subtractive processing adopts a "zigzag" tool path, and at least two "zigzag" tool paths complete one subtractive processing.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a high-speed precision engraving method for a stainless steel diaphragm with a herringbone-shaped score line. The highest speed of the main shaft of the high-speed engraving machine is greater than or equal to 8000r / min.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a high-speed precision engraving method for a stainless steel diaphragm with a herringbone-shaped score line. The material of the ball head milling cutter is hard alloy.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a high-speed precision engraving method for a stainless steel diaphragm with a herringbone-shaped score line. The rake angle of the ball head milling cutter is 11-13°, the relief angle is 17-19°, the ball head radius is 0.73-0.77mm, the right-hand right-cut form is adopted, and the helix angle is 28-32°.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a high-speed precision engraving method for a stainless steel diaphragm with a herringbone-shaped score line. The thickness of the to-be-processed diaphragm is 0.8-1.2mm; and the material of the to-be-processed diaphragm is stainless steel.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a high-speed precision engraving method for a stainless steel diaphragm with a herringbone-shaped score line. The "zigzag" tool path comprises: cutting along the depth direction of the rice-shaped notch at an angle of 45-60° with the horizontal direction, and then cutting horizontally.

Images