Microwave quasi-optical system and microwave alignment method for a magnetic confinement fusion device

Abstract

The application discloses a microwave quasi-optical system and a microwave alignment method for a magnetic confinement fusion device, relates to the field of magnetic confinement controlled nuclear fusion research, and is provided with a polar adjustment assembly, a ring adjustment assembly and an adjustment control assembly which are matched with each other, can realize the cooperation of polar adjustment and ring adjustment, solves the problems of a small angle adjustment range, a complex structure and a lack of real-time in the prior art, and realizes the automatic matching of the optimal detection angle of an incident microwave beam through the adjustment control assembly, reduces the workload of manual adjustment and optimization, and improves the efficiency of changing the incident angle. In the process of plasma discharge experiment of the magnetic confinement fusion device, the diagnostic data can be received and processed in real time, the wave trace is calculated and the angle is adjusted according to the real-time condition, and the response speed to the change of the experimental condition is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetic confinement controlled nuclear fusion research, specifically to a microwave quasi-optical system and microwave alignment method for magnetic confinement fusion devices. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of magnetically confined controlled nuclear fusion research, diagnostic techniques play a crucial role in obtaining key physical parameters of plasma, gaining a deeper understanding of its complex behavior, and precisely controlling its state. Microwave diagnostic techniques, with their excellent adaptability, high robustness, non-invasive nature, and superior spatiotemporal resolution, have become a widely used diagnostic tool in nuclear fusion research.

[0003] In existing microwave diagnostic techniques, diagnosing plasma turbulence requires specific steps. First, a microwave source generates microwaves of a specific frequency, which are then introduced from the atmospheric environment into a vacuum environment within the device through a specific method. Next, these incident microwave beams interact with the plasma. Finally, the outgoing microwaves carrying plasma information are received in a specific manner, and key information such as density fluctuations, rotational velocity, and turbulence wavenumber are extracted. It is worth noting that the emission and reception angles of the microwave beams, as well as their relative angles to the magnetic field, affect the quality of the received microwave signal. Therefore, controlling and adjusting the emission and reception angles of the microwave beams is of great significance for plasma turbulence diagnosis. Currently, the methods for adjusting the emission and reception angles of the microwave beams can be mainly divided into the following three types:

[0004] The first method is the fixed microwave pyramidal antenna method. This method is widely used in various magnetic confinement fusion devices, where the microwave pyramidal antenna is installed inside the vacuum chamber and close to the plasma to directly emit a microwave beam. However, the main limitation of this method is that the emission and reception angles of the microwave beam cannot be adjusted.

[0005] The second method is the long-arm adjustable reflector method. This method has been used in the EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) nuclear fusion device in China and the DIII-D device in the United States. In this configuration, the reflector is mounted at the end of a long arm that passes through the vacuum chamber. A connecting rod inside the long arm drives the reflector to rotate around a fixed axis on the long arm, thereby adjusting the poloidal emission angle; simultaneously, rotating the entire long arm tilts the reflector, achieving adjustment of the circumferential emission angle. However, the disadvantages of this method are its complex structure and the fact that the angle-adjusting arm needs to pass through the vacuum.

[0006] The third method is the lens-type angle adjustment method. Taking the British Mega-Au spherical tokamak upgrade device (MAST-U) as an example, in this configuration, a microwave convex lens is placed at the device window. By moving the lens, the incident microwave is deviated from the center of the lens, thereby changing the emission angle of the microwave beam in the vacuum chamber through the refraction effect. The disadvantage of this arrangement is that the angle adjustment range is relatively small. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microwave quasi-optical system and microwave alignment method for magnetic confinement fusion devices, solving the problems existing in the prior art and enabling adjustment of the emission and reception angles of the microwave beam. Compared with the prior art, this method has advantages such as compact structure, large angle adjustment range, easy maintenance, high flexibility, and low cost. Furthermore, this method has a unique feature not found in existing methods: it can automatically calculate and adjust the optimal circumferential angle for matching the poloidal emission angle based on the discharge conditions of the magnetic confinement fusion device in real time.

[0008] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] On one hand, the present invention provides a microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device, comprising: a signal control component, a poloidal adjustment component, a circumferential adjustment component, and an adjustment control component;

[0010] The signal control component is used to receive the microwave signal output by the microwave source and transmit the microwave signal to the polarization adjustment component;

[0011] The polar adjustment component is used to receive the microwave signal transmitted by the signal control component and receive control from the adjustment control component to realize polar angle adjustment. According to the adjusted polar angle, the microwave signal is reflected once, thereby changing the polar angle of the microwave signal to the circumferential adjustment component.

[0012] The circumferential adjustment component is used to receive the microwave signal after the poloidal angle is adjusted by the poloidal adjustment component, and to receive control from the adjustment control component to realize the circumferential angle adjustment. According to the adjusted circumferential angle, the received microwave signal is reflected twice, thereby changing the circumferential angle of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device; wherein, the poloidal angle and the circumferential angle are perpendicular to each other.

[0013] The adjustment and control component is used to control the polar adjustment component to perform polar angle adjustment and to control the circumferential adjustment component to perform circumferential angle control.

[0014] In a magnetic confinement fusion device, the plasma receives microwave signals whose angles have been adjusted by a poloidal adjustment component and an adjustment control component, resulting in reflection and scattering, generating feedback microwave information, and the feedback microwave signal is returned to the signal control component via the original path.

[0015] The working principle of the microwave quasi-optical system for the magnetic confinement fusion device is as follows: A mapping table between the optimal angle and experimental parameters is obtained; the target experimental parameters are received by the experimenters through human-computer interaction, and based on these parameters, the corresponding optimal angle is obtained by searching the mapping table; the optimal angle includes the pole angle corresponding to the pole adjustment component and the circumferential angle corresponding to the circumferential adjustment component; according to the optimal angle, the pole adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component are adjusted respectively to achieve the adjustment of the incident angle of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device, thereby achieving microwave alignment.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the signal control component is configured as a microwave antenna, which receives microwave signals output from a microwave source and transmits the microwave signals in the form of a microwave beam to the poloidal adjustment component;

[0017] In one possible implementation, the polar adjustment assembly includes an ellipsoidal reflector, a base, a polar angle adjuster, and a support.

[0018] The circumferential adjustment component is fixed to one end of the bracket, the ellipsoidal reflector is fixed to the other end of the bracket, and the other end of the bracket is fixed to the polar angle adjuster, which is rotatably mounted on the base.

[0019] The polar angle adjuster receives control from the adjustment control component and drives the circumferential adjustment component to adjust the polar angle around the horizontal axis to achieve polar angle adjustment; the ellipsoidal reflector reflects the received microwave signal once, thereby achieving focused reflection of the microwave signal.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the circumferential adjustment component includes a plane mirror and a circumferential angle adjuster. The plane mirror is disposed on the execution end of the circumferential angle adjuster. The circumferential angle adjuster receives control from the adjustment control component to achieve circumferential adjustment, thereby driving the plane mirror to adjust the circumferential angle around the vertical axis. The circumferential angle adjuster performs secondary reflection of the received microwave signal, thereby changing the circumferential angle of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the adjustment control component is configured as a controller.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention provides a microwave alignment method based on the microwave quasi-optical system described in one aspect, comprising:

[0023] Obtain the mapping table between the optimal angle and the experimental parameters;

[0024] The system receives target test parameters input by the experimenter through human-computer interaction, and uses these target test parameters as a basis to search in a mapping table to obtain the target optimal angle corresponding to the target test parameters; the target optimal angle includes the polar angle corresponding to the polar adjustment component and the circumferential angle corresponding to the circumferential adjustment component;

[0025] Based on the optimal target angle, the poloidal adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component are adjusted respectively to achieve the adjustment of the incident angle of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device, thereby achieving microwave alignment.

[0026] In one possible implementation, obtaining the mapping table between the optimal angle and the experimental parameters includes:

[0027] Before conducting plasma discharge experiments in the magnetic confinement fusion device, the adjustment and control component obtains the traces, scattering positions, and wavenumbers of the probe microwave beam near the measurement position at different frequencies under different combinations of poloidal and circumferential angles by three-dimensional trace simulation based on preset magnetic field parameters, plasma current, and density parameters.

[0028] The combination of different poloidal angles and different circumferential angles during simulation is taken as the optimal angle, and the wavetrace, scattering position, and wavenumber of the probe microwave beam near the measurement position obtained from the simulation are taken as the experimental parameters corresponding to the optimal angle.

[0029] Based on the optimal angle and the corresponding experimental parameters, a mapping table between the optimal angle and the experimental parameters is established.

[0030] In one possible implementation, after adjusting the poloidal adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component according to the target optimal angle to adjust the incident angle of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device, the method further includes: correcting the incident angle.

[0031] In one possible implementation, correcting the incident angle includes:

[0032] In the plasma discharge experiment of the magnetic confinement fusion device, the adjustment and control component receives magnetic field, plasma current and density data in real time, and obtains the wave trajectory parameters in real time based on the magnetic field, plasma current and density data.

[0033] Obtain the wave trajectory parameters corresponding to the optimal angle of the target, and determine the angle adjustment offset based on the real-time obtained wave trajectory parameters and the wave trajectory parameters corresponding to the optimal angle of the target.

[0034] The polar adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component are adjusted according to the angle adjustment offset to correct the incident angle.

[0035] This invention provides a microwave quasi-optical system and microwave alignment method for a magnetic confinement fusion device. It includes a cooperating pole adjustment component, a circumferential adjustment component, and an adjustment control component, enabling coordinated pole and circumferential adjustment. This solves the problems of small angle adjustment range, complex structure, and lack of real-time performance in existing technologies. Furthermore, the adjustment control component automatically matches the optimal detection angle of the incident microwave beam, reducing the workload of manual adjustment and optimization, and improving the efficiency of changing the incident angle. During plasma discharge experiments in the magnetic confinement fusion device, it can receive and process diagnostic data in real time, perform trajectory calculation and angle adjustment based on real-time conditions, and enhance the response speed to changes in experimental conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 An example diagram of a microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of some components in a microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a microwave alignment method based on a microwave quasi-optical system as described in one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0042] Among them, 1-microwave antenna, 2-ellipsoidal reflector, 3-plane reflector, 4-base, 5-polar angle adjuster, 6-support, 7-circumferential angle adjuster, 8-plasma in fusion device, 9-controller. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device, comprising: a signal control component, a poloidal adjustment component, a circumferential adjustment component, and an adjustment control component.

[0046] The signal control component is used to receive the microwave signal output by the microwave source and transmit the microwave signal to the polarization adjustment component;

[0047] The polar adjustment component is used to receive the microwave signal transmitted by the signal control component and receive control from the adjustment control component to realize polar angle adjustment. According to the adjusted polar angle, the microwave signal is reflected once, thereby changing the polar angle of the microwave signal to the circumferential adjustment component.

[0048] The circumferential adjustment component is used to receive the microwave signal after the poloidal angle is adjusted by the poloidal adjustment component, and to receive control from the adjustment control component to realize the circumferential angle adjustment. According to the adjusted circumferential angle, the received microwave signal is reflected twice, thereby changing the circumferential angle of the microwave signal to the plasma 8 in the magnetic confinement fusion device; wherein, the poloidal angle and the circumferential angle are perpendicular to each other.

[0049] The adjustment and control component is used to control the polar adjustment component to perform polar angle adjustment and to control the circumferential adjustment component to perform circumferential angle control.

[0050] In the magnetic confinement fusion device, plasma 8 receives microwave signals whose angles have been adjusted by the poloidal adjustment component and the adjustment control component, resulting in reflection and scattering, generating feedback microwave information, and the feedback microwave signal is returned to the signal control component via the original path.

[0051] The working principle of the microwave quasi-optical system for the magnetic confinement fusion device is as follows: It obtains a mapping table between the optimal angle and experimental parameters; receives the target experimental parameters input by the experimenter through human-computer interaction, and uses these parameters as a basis to search the mapping table to obtain the target optimal angle corresponding to the target experimental parameters; the target optimal angle includes the pole angle corresponding to the pole adjustment component and the circumferential angle corresponding to the circumferential adjustment component; according to the target optimal angle, it adjusts the pole adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component respectively to adjust the incident angle of the microwave signal to the plasma 8 in the magnetic confinement fusion device, thereby achieving microwave alignment.

[0052] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the signal control component is configured as a microwave antenna 1, which receives the microwave signal output by the microwave source and transmits the microwave signal in the form of a microwave beam to the poloidal adjustment component.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the polar adjustment assembly includes an ellipsoidal reflector 2, a base 4, a polar angle adjuster 5, and a bracket 6; the circumferential adjustment assembly is fixed to one end of the bracket 6, the ellipsoidal reflector 2 is fixed to the other end of the bracket 6, and the other end of the bracket 6 is fixed to the polar angle adjuster 5, the polar angle adjuster 5 being rotatably mounted on the base 4; the polar angle adjuster 5 receives control from the adjustment control assembly, driving the circumferential adjustment assembly to adjust the polar angle around the horizontal axis, thereby achieving polar angle adjustment; the ellipsoidal reflector 2 reflects the received microwave signal once, thereby achieving focused reflection of the microwave signal.

[0054] Optionally, the polar angle adjuster 5 consists of a ring with graduations on its surface and gears inside, and a drive motor. The ring is secured to the circular base of the ellipsoidal reflector 2 and can rotate around an axis. The polar angle adjuster 5 receives control from the adjustment control component, driving the bracket 6, the circumferential angle adjuster 7, and the plane reflector 3 to rotate, thereby achieving polar angle adjustment.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the circumferential adjustment assembly includes a plane mirror 3 and a circumferential angle adjuster 7. The plane mirror 3 is disposed on the actuating end of the circumferential angle adjuster 7. The circumferential angle adjuster 7 receives control from the adjustment control assembly, driving the plane mirror 3 to adjust its circumferential angle around the rotation axis of the circumferential angle adjuster 7, thereby achieving circumferential adjustment. The circumferential angle adjuster 7 performs secondary reflection of the received microwave signal, thereby changing the circumferential angle of the microwave signal to the plasma 8 in the magnetic confinement fusion device. The rotation axis of the circumferential angle adjuster 7 coincides with or is parallel to a certain diameter of the plane mirror 3, so that when the circumferential angle adjuster 7 rotates, it drives the plane mirror 3 to adjust its circumferential angle.

[0056] Optionally, the circumferential angle adjuster 7 consists of a dial, a connecting rod, and a drive motor. The circumferential angle adjuster 7 is mounted on the bracket 6, and the connecting rod clamps the plane reflector 7, causing it to rotate around the connecting rod. The circumferential angle adjuster 7 receives control from the adjustment control component to achieve circumferential adjustment, driving the plane reflector 3 to adjust its circumferential angle around the rotation axis; the circumferential angle adjuster 7 performs secondary reflection of the received microwave signal, thereby changing the circumferential angle of the microwave signal to the signal receiving component.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the adjustment and control component is configured as a controller 9. The controller 9 can be configured as a host computer, a PC, or other data processing device to facilitate data analysis and control effects.

[0058] Optionally, a base 4 and a bracket 6 can also be provided. The bracket 6 is fixedly mounted on the base 4, and the ellipsoidal reflector 2, the plane reflector 3, the polar angle adjuster 5, and the circumferential angle adjuster 7 are all mounted on the bracket 6, so that the adjustable parts can be installed through the base 4.

[0059] The microwave antenna 1 is used to transmit and receive microwave beams in a specific frequency range and a specific direction.

[0060] The ellipsoidal reflector 2 is used to focus the incident microwave beam emitted by the microwave antenna 1 and reflect the focused microwave beam 90 degrees to the plane reflector. The incident microwave beam emitted by the microwave antenna 1 passes through one focal point of the ellipsoidal reflector, is collected and reflected by the ellipsoidal reflecting surface, and is finally focused to the other focal point of the ellipsoidal reflector, thus achieving microwave focusing.

[0061] The plane mirror 3 is used to reflect the microwave beam converged by the ellipsoidal mirror 2 into the magnetic confinement fusion device. The plane mirror 3 receives the microwave beam from the ellipsoidal mirror 2 and then redirects the reflected microwave beam to the desired angle. The final microwave focusing position and the second focus of the ellipsoidal mirror 2 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the plane mirror.

[0062] The poloidal angle adjuster 5 is used to adjust the poloidal angle of the microwaves reflected by the aforementioned plane mirror 3 into the magnetic confinement fusion device. In microwave diagnostic technology applications, for incident microwaves of a specific frequency and polarization direction, the poloidal angle determines the propagation path of the microwaves in the plasma. By adjusting the poloidal emission angle, the position of interaction between the microwaves and the plasma can be changed, thereby adjusting the measurement range of the perturbation wavenumber.

[0063] The circumferential angle adjuster 7 is used to adjust the circumferential angle of the microwaves reflected by the aforementioned plane mirror 3 into the magnetic confinement fusion device. By adjusting the circumferential emission angle, the microwave propagation direction can be optimized, thereby compensating for the increase in wavenumber in the direction parallel to the magnetic field lines caused by the plasma ring effect. After the circumferential angle and the poloidal angle are matched, the microwave fraction of the scattered signal returning to the original optical path can be increased, thereby maximizing the system signal-to-noise ratio.

[0064] The reflector bracket 6 is used to support the plane reflector 3 and connects it to the polar angle adjuster and the circumferential angle adjuster.

[0065] The base 4 is used to securely mount the entire quasi-optical system onto the magnetic confinement fusion device.

[0066] Controller 9 is used to precisely control the poloidal angle adjuster and the circumferential angle adjuster, so that the poloidal angle and circumferential angle of the incident microwave beam are accurately matched. This control system communicates with the central control system and, by combining magnetic configuration inversion, density profile, and microwave trajectory calculation, determines the optimal microwave emission angle. The poloidal angle adjuster and the circumferential angle adjuster are connected and can send corresponding angle adjustment commands according to the discharge situation.

[0067] The microwave quasi-optical system illustrated in this embodiment possesses advantages such as compact structure, large angle adjustment range, simple maintenance, high flexibility, and low cost. Compared with existing microwave beam transmission and reception angle adjustment methods, it overcomes problems such as small angle adjustment range, complex structure, and lack of real-time performance. This invention is expected to improve the signal quality, reliability, and accuracy of plasma turbulence measurements.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a microwave alignment method based on the microwave quasi-optical system described in Embodiment 1, comprising:

[0070] S1. Obtain the mapping table between the optimal angle and the experimental parameters.

[0071] S2. Receive the target experimental parameters input by the experimenter through human-computer interaction, and based on these target experimental parameters, search in the mapping table to obtain the target optimal angle corresponding to the target experimental parameters. The target optimal angle includes the polar angle corresponding to the polar adjustment component and the circumferential angle corresponding to the circumferential adjustment component.

[0072] S3. Based on the optimal target angle, the poloidal adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component are adjusted respectively to achieve the adjustment of the incident angle of the microwave signal to the plasma 8 in the magnetic confinement fusion device. This allows for automatic adjustment of the incident microwave beam angle to achieve optimal detection results. Simultaneously, this method can also adjust the detection angle in real time during the experiment to cope with real-time changes in the magnetic field and plasma current.

[0073] This embodiment provides a microwave alignment method that can automatically match the optimal detection angle of the incident microwave beam, reducing the workload of manual adjustment and optimization, and improving the efficiency of changing the incident angle. During plasma discharge experiments in a magnetic confinement fusion device, this scheme can receive and process diagnostic data in real time, perform trajectory calculations and angle adjustments based on real-time conditions, and enhance the response speed to changes in experimental conditions. All preset values, intermediate calculation data, and the final emission angle are recorded and stored, allowing for monitoring and review of changes in the emission angle. This design greatly improves the reliability of angle adjustment, reduces the risk of human error or system failure, and thus ensures the stability and reliability of the entire experimental process.

[0074] In one possible implementation, obtaining the mapping table between the optimal angle and the experimental parameters includes:

[0075] Before conducting plasma discharge experiments in the magnetic confinement fusion device, the adjustment and control component obtains the traces, scattering positions, and wavenumbers (including those perpendicular to and parallel to the magnetic field lines) of the probe microwave beam at different frequencies under different combinations of poloidal and circumferential angles through three-dimensional trace simulation based on preset magnetic field parameters, plasma current, and density parameters.

[0076] In the experiment, multiple microwave beams of different frequencies can be emitted simultaneously for measurement, for example, microwaves from 34 GHz to 48 GHz, spaced 2 GHz apart, for a total of eight frequency points. It is necessary to determine the trace, scattering position, and measured turbulence wavenumber for each frequency component of the microwave beam. Therefore, a three-dimensional trace simulation is employed, using pre-set magnetic field parameters, plasma current, and density parameters as input conditions, to scan and calculate multiple combinations of poloidal and circumferential angles at different frequencies, thereby determining the trace, scattering position, and measured turbulence wavenumber.

[0077] The optimal angle is determined by the combination of different poloidal and circumferential angles during simulation. The simulated trace, scattering position, and wavenumber of the probe microwave beam near the measurement position are taken as the experimental parameters corresponding to the optimal angle.

[0078] Based on the optimal angle and the corresponding experimental parameters, a mapping table between the optimal angle and the experimental parameters is established.

[0079] In one possible implementation, after adjusting the poloidal adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component according to the target optimal angle to adjust the incident angle of the microwave signal to the plasma 8 in the magnetic confinement fusion device, the method further includes: correcting the incident angle.

[0080] In one possible implementation, correcting the incident angle includes: during a plasma discharge experiment in a magnetic confinement fusion device, the control system receives diagnostic data such as magnetic field, plasma current, and density in real time, and performs real-time trajectory calculation. It calculates the scattering position and measured wavenumber of angle combinations near a preset optimal detection angle, then compares them with a set target value to determine the angle adjustment offset. Finally, it calculates the corresponding control command and sends it to the poloidal angle adjuster and the circumferential angle adjuster to correct the incident angle.

[0081] 1. Calculate the angle value for the first adjustment using the preset discharge parameters. Subsequent adjustments are made based on this; 2. At the start of the discharge experiment, discharge parameters are acquired in real time, and the optimal angle value is calculated (optimal angle value - current real-time angle value = angle adjustment offset). These are density, magnetic field, current, frequency, intended measurement location, and intended measurement wavenumber, respectively.

[0082] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device, characterized in that, include: Signal control components, polarity adjustment components, circumferential adjustment components, and adjustment control components; The signal control component is used to receive the microwave signal output by the microwave source and transmit the microwave signal to the polarization adjustment component; The polar adjustment component is used to receive the microwave signal transmitted by the signal control component and receive control from the adjustment control component to realize polar angle adjustment. According to the adjusted polar angle, the microwave signal is reflected once, thereby changing the polar angle of the microwave signal to the circumferential adjustment component. The circumferential adjustment component is used to receive the microwave signal after the poloidal angle is adjusted by the poloidal adjustment component, and to receive control from the adjustment control component to realize the circumferential angle adjustment. According to the adjusted circumferential angle, the received microwave signal is reflected twice, thereby changing the circumferential angle of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device; wherein, the poloidal angle and the circumferential angle are perpendicular to each other. The adjustment and control component is used to control the polar adjustment component to perform polar angle adjustment and to control the circumferential adjustment component to perform circumferential angle control. In a magnetic confinement fusion device, the plasma receives microwave signals whose angles have been adjusted by a poloidal adjustment component and an adjustment control component, resulting in reflection and scattering, generating feedback microwave signals, which are then returned to the signal control component via the original path. The working principle of the microwave quasi-optical system for the magnetic confinement fusion device is as follows: A mapping table between the optimal angle and experimental parameters is obtained; the target experimental parameters are received by the experimenters through human-computer interaction, and based on these parameters, the corresponding optimal angle is obtained by searching the mapping table; the optimal angle includes the pole angle corresponding to the pole adjustment component and the circumferential angle corresponding to the circumferential adjustment component; according to the optimal angle, the pole adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component are adjusted respectively to achieve the adjustment of the incident angle of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device, thereby achieving microwave alignment.

2. The microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal control component is configured as a microwave antenna (1), which receives the microwave signal output by the microwave source and transmits the microwave signal in the form of a microwave beam to the polar adjustment component.

3. The microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polar adjustment assembly includes an ellipsoidal reflector (2), a base (4), a polar angle adjuster (5), and a bracket (6); The circumferential adjustment component is fixed to one end of the bracket (6), the ellipsoidal reflector (2) is fixed to the other end of the bracket (6), and the other end of the bracket (6) is fixed to the polar angle adjuster (5), which is rotatably mounted on the base (4). The polar angle adjuster (5) receives control from the adjustment control component and drives the circumferential adjustment component to adjust the polar angle around the horizontal axis to achieve polar angle adjustment; the ellipsoidal reflector (2) reflects the received microwave signal once to achieve focused reflection of the microwave signal.

4. The microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circumferential adjustment component includes a plane mirror (3) and a circumferential angle adjuster (7). The plane mirror (3) is disposed on the execution end of the circumferential angle adjuster (7). The circumferential angle adjuster (7) receives control from the adjustment control component and drives the plane mirror (3) to perform circumferential angle adjustment around the rotation axis of the circumferential angle adjuster (7) to achieve circumferential adjustment. The circumferential angle adjuster (7) reflects the received microwave signal twice, thereby changing the circumferential angle of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device.

5. The microwave quasi-optical system for a magnetic confinement fusion device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment and control component is configured as a controller.

6. A microwave alignment method based on the microwave quasi-optical system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Obtain the mapping table between the optimal angle and the experimental parameters; The system receives target test parameters input by the experimenter through human-computer interaction, and uses these target test parameters as a basis to search in a mapping table to obtain the target optimal angle corresponding to the target test parameters; the target optimal angle includes the polar angle corresponding to the polar adjustment component and the circumferential angle corresponding to the circumferential adjustment component; Based on the optimal target angle, the poloidal adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component are adjusted respectively to achieve the adjustment of the incident angle of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device, thereby achieving microwave alignment.

7. The microwave alignment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Obtain the mapping table between the optimal angle and the experimental parameters, including: Before conducting plasma discharge experiments in the magnetic confinement fusion device, the adjustment and control component obtains the traces, scattering positions, and wavenumbers of the probe microwave beam near the measurement position at different frequencies under different combinations of poloidal and circumferential angles by three-dimensional trace simulation based on preset magnetic field parameters, plasma current, and density parameters. The combination of different poloidal angles and different circumferential angles during simulation is taken as the optimal angle, and the wavetrace, scattering position, and wavenumber of the probe microwave beam near the measurement position obtained from the simulation are taken as the experimental parameters corresponding to the optimal angle. Based on the optimal angle and the corresponding experimental parameters, a mapping table between the optimal angle and the experimental parameters is established.

8. The microwave alignment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the target optimal angle, the polar adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component are adjusted respectively to achieve the incident angle adjustment of the microwave signal to the plasma in the magnetic confinement fusion device. The process also includes: correcting the incident angle.

9. The microwave alignment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Correcting the angle of incidence includes: In the plasma discharge experiment of the magnetic confinement fusion device, the adjustment and control component receives magnetic field, plasma current and density data in real time, and obtains the wave trajectory parameters in real time based on the magnetic field, plasma current and density data. Obtain the wave trajectory parameters corresponding to the optimal angle of the target, and determine the angle adjustment offset based on the real-time obtained wave trajectory parameters and the wave trajectory parameters corresponding to the optimal angle of the target. The polar adjustment component and the circumferential adjustment component are adjusted according to the angle adjustment offset to correct the incident angle.

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