Hydrogen sulfide production device and hydrogen sulfide production method

Abstract

The hydrogen sulfide production device of the present application has a reactor (1-3) having a liquid sulfur filling portion (1-2) inside; a hood heater (1-4) as a first heating mechanism for heating the liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor; a hydrogen supply tube (1-5) as a hydrogen supply member connected to the reactor (1-3), having a catalyst support member (1-6) disposed above the liquid sulfur filling portion (1-2) and a heat insulation member (1-7) disposed above the catalyst support member (1-6) inside the reactor (1-3).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an apparatus for producing hydrogen sulfide and a method for producing hydrogen sulfide. Background Technology

[0002] As a method for producing hydrogen sulfide, it is known to generate sulfur vapor by heating sulfur disposed inside a reaction tank, and then reacting the generated sulfur vapor with hydrogen. For example, the method described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-150860) can be cited as an example of such a method for producing hydrogen sulfide.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a method for manufacturing lithium sulfide, which is a method for synthesizing lithium sulfide by reacting lithium hydroxide with hydrogen sulfide. The method includes: step (A), supplying hydrogen gas and sulfur vapor to a heated porous material disposed inside a reaction tank to react the hydrogen gas with the sulfur vapor, generating a reaction gas containing hydrogen sulfide gas and the hydrogen gas; and step (B), contacting the generated reaction gas with particulate lithium hydroxide to react the hydrogen sulfide gas with the lithium hydroxide, thereby generating particulate lithium sulfide. Furthermore, Patent Document 1 discloses that this manufacturing method can suppress the manufacturing cost of lithium sulfide, has excellent workability, and can thus obtain lithium sulfide with high purity.

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Patent documents

[0006] Patent document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-150860. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem the invention aims to solve

[0008] However, in the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing technology described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to achieve sufficiently high manufacturing efficiency. Furthermore, there is room for improvement in the stability of manufacturing efficiency.

[0009] The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus capable of producing hydrogen sulfide with high efficiency and stability.

[0010] means for solving problems

[0011] According to the present invention, an apparatus for producing hydrogen sulfide and a method for producing hydrogen sulfide are provided as shown below.

[0012] [1] A hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus, which is a hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus that produces hydrogen sulfide by reacting sulfur vapor with hydrogen gas, wherein:

[0013] The reactor has a liquid sulfur filling section inside;

[0014] The first heating mechanism heats liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor; and

[0015] The hydrogen supply component is connected to the aforementioned reactor.

[0016] [2] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [1] above,

[0017] The reactor contains a catalyst support component disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section and an insulation component disposed above the catalyst support component.

[0018] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus also has a second heating mechanism for heating the space formed by the catalyst support component, the insulation component, and the inner wall of the reactor.

[0019] In or around a portion of the aforementioned heat insulation component, the upper space of the aforementioned heat insulation component is in communication with the lower space.

[0020] [3] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [2] above,

[0021] The aforementioned heat insulation component is a metal substrate or a ceramic substrate with connecting holes.

[0022] [4] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [2] or [3] above,

[0023] It also has a heat transfer component that is configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component.

[0024] [5] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in any one of [2] to [4] above,

[0025] The inner surface of the device is treated with sulfur resistance.

[0026] [6] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [1] above,

[0027] The reactor contains a catalyst support member disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section and an insulation member disposed between the catalyst support member and the liquid sulfur filling section.

[0028] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus also has a second heating mechanism for heating the catalyst support component and the space above the catalyst support component.

[0029] In or around a portion of the aforementioned heat insulation component, the upper space of the aforementioned heat insulation component is in communication with the lower space.

[0030] [7] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [6] above,

[0031] The aforementioned heat insulation component is a metal substrate or a ceramic substrate with connecting holes.

[0032] [8] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [6] or [7] above,

[0033] It also has a heat transfer component that is configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component.

[0034] [9] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in any one of [6] to [8] above,

[0035] The inner surface of the device is treated with sulfur resistance.

[0036]

[10] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [1] above,

[0037] It also has a liquid sulfur supply component connected to the aforementioned liquid sulfur filling section.

[0038] The reactor described above has a catalyst support component disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section.

[0039] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus also has a second heating mechanism for heating the space formed by the catalyst support component and the inner wall of the reactor.

[0040]

[11] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in

[10] above,

[0041] The system includes a sulfur container and a sulfur container heating mechanism for heating the sulfur container.

[0042] The sulfur container and the liquid sulfur filling part are connected by the liquid sulfur supply component.

[0043]

[12] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in

[10] or

[11] above,

[0044] The aforementioned liquid sulfur supply component has a backflow prevention gas supply component to prevent the backflow of hydrogen sulfide gas.

[0045]

[13] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in any one of

[10] to

[12] above,

[0046] It also has a heat transfer component that is configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component.

[0047]

[14] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in any one of

[10] to

[13] above,

[0048] The inner surface of the device is treated with sulfur resistance.

[0049]

[15] A method for producing hydrogen sulfide, characterized in that the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus described in any one of [1] to

[14] above is used to react sulfur vapor with hydrogen gas.

[0050] The effects of the invention

[0051] According to the present invention, an apparatus for producing hydrogen sulfide with excellent manufacturing efficiency can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1-1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 1-1.

[0053] Figure 1-2 This is a top view of the heat insulation component of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1-1.

[0054] Figure 1-3 This is a top view of the catalyst support component of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 1-1.

[0055] Figure 1-4 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiments 1-2.

[0056] Figure 1-5 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus in Reference Example 1.

[0057] Figure 1-6 This is a graph showing the temperature inside the reactor of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 and Reference Example 1.

[0058] Figure 2-1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 2-1.

[0059] Figure 2-2 This is a top view of the heat insulation component of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 2-1.

[0060] Figure 2-3 This is a top view of the catalyst support component of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 2-1.

[0061] Figure 2-4 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 2-2.

[0062] Figure 3-1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 3-1.

[0063] Figure 3-2 This is a top view of the catalyst support component of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 3-1.

[0064] Figure 3-3 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 3-2. Detailed Implementation

[0065] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described using the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that in all the drawings, the same constituent elements are marked with common symbols, and descriptions are omitted where appropriate.

[0066] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is a hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus that produces hydrogen sulfide by reacting sulfur vapor with hydrogen gas, comprising: a reactor having a liquid sulfur filling section inside; a first heating mechanism for heating the liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor; and a hydrogen supply component connected to the reactor.

[0067] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of the present invention has a reactor having a liquid sulfur filling section inside, and thus, according to the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, sulfur vapor is generated from the liquid sulfur filled in the liquid sulfur filling section.

[0068] Therefore, the amount of sulfur vapor generated can be precisely controlled, resulting in higher manufacturing efficiency. Furthermore, the ability to precisely control the amount of sulfur vapor generated also allows for the stable maintenance of high manufacturing efficiency.

[0069] [Implementation Method 1-1]

[0070] An example of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment (Embodiment 1-1) is shown below. Figure 1-1 .

[0071] Figure 1-1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 according to Embodiment 1-1. Figure 1-2 This is a top view of the heat insulation component 1-7 of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1. Figure 1-3 This is a top view of the catalyst support component 1-6 of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1.

[0072] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 in this embodiment is an apparatus for producing hydrogen sulfide by reacting sulfur vapor with hydrogen gas.

[0073] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 includes: a reactor 1-3 having a liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 inside, a covered heater 1-4 serving as a first heating mechanism for heating the liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor, and a hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 serving as a hydrogen supply component connected to the reactor 1-3.

[0074] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 has a catalyst support component 1-6 disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 and an insulation component 1-7 disposed above the catalyst support component 1-6 inside the reactor 1-3.

[0075] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 has a catalyst filling section 1-8 formed by a catalyst support component 1-6, an insulation component 1-7, and the inner wall of a reactor 1-3, and also has a sheath heater 1-9 as a second heating mechanism for heating the catalyst filling section 1-8.

[0076] Inside reactor 1-3, in a part of or around insulation component 1-7, the upper space of insulation component 1-7 is connected to the lower space.

[0077] Sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 by heating by the covered heater 1-4 is supplied to the catalyst filling section 1-8 through the connecting hole 1-161 provided in the catalyst support member 1-6.

[0078] A hydrogen supply pipe through-hole 1-162 is provided in the catalyst support component 1-6, and a hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 passes through the hydrogen supply pipe through-hole 1-162 and is connected to the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2. In addition, a temperature sensor through-hole 1-163 is provided in the catalyst support component 1-6, and a temperature sensor 1-15 passes through the temperature sensor through-hole 1-163 and is connected to the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2.

[0079] In addition, hydrogen supplied to the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 through the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 is also supplied to the catalyst filling section 1-8 through the connecting hole 1-161 provided in the catalyst support member 1-6. The amount of hydrogen supplied can be adjusted by the hydrogen supply regulating valve 1-13 provided in the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5.

[0080] Furthermore, in the catalyst filling sections 1-8, sulfur vapor reacts with hydrogen to generate hydrogen sulfide gas.

[0081] The generated hydrogen sulfide gas is supplied to the upper space of the insulation component 1-7 via the portion connecting the upper and lower spaces, and is recovered through the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10, which serves as a hydrogen sulfide recovery component and is connected to the upper space of the insulation component 1-7. The amount of hydrogen sulfide gas recovered can be adjusted by the hydrogen sulfide recovery regulating valve 1-14 installed in the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10.

[0082] Pressure regulating valve 1-11 is installed in hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10. The pressure inside reactor 1-3 can be adjusted by opening and closing pressure regulating valve 1-11. In addition, hydrogen sulfide detector 1-12 is installed in hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10 to detect the flow rate of hydrogen sulfide.

[0083] The inventors conducted various studies on the reasons why conventional hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatuses suffer from insufficient production efficiency and output stability of hydrogen sulfide. As a result, it was discovered that by highly controlling the temperature distribution inside the catalyst packing sections 1-8, which are the sites of the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, hydrogen sulfide can be produced efficiently and stably. This invention is based on this discovery.

[0084] Because a heat-insulating component 1-7 is provided at the top of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 in this embodiment, heat is prevented from escaping from the top of the apparatus, and the overall temperature inside the catalyst packing section 1-8, which serves as the site of the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, is maintained at a high level. As a result, the temperature distribution inside the catalyst packing section 1-8 can be highly controlled. Therefore, the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 according to this embodiment can produce hydrogen sulfide with high efficiency and stability.

[0085] The following describes the configuration of each part of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 of this embodiment.

[0086] (Reactors 1-3)

[0087] In reactors 1-3, hydrogen sulfide is generated by the reaction of hydrogen gas with sulfur vapor.

[0088] The reactor 1-3 has a catalyst support member 1-6 disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 and an insulation member 1-7 disposed above the catalyst support member 1-6.

[0089] The sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 is supplied to the space (catalyst filling section 1-8) surrounded by the catalyst support component 1-6, the heat insulation component 1-7 and the inner wall of the reactor 1-3. In the catalyst filling section 1-8, the sulfur vapor reacts with hydrogen to generate hydrogen sulfide.

[0090] Hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 is connected to reactor 1-3, and hydrogen is supplied from hydrogen supply pipe 1-5.

[0091] Preferably, the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 is configured such that the hydrogen supply port 1-500, which serves as the hydrogen outlet, is located below the catalyst support member 1-6. This is because, since hydrogen has a lower specific gravity than air, by supplying it from below the catalyst support member 1-6 and allowing it to circulate upwards towards the reactor 1-3, it can efficiently contact the catalyst packed in the catalyst packing section 1-8. Furthermore, by continuously circulating hydrogen upwards towards the reactor 1-3, fresh hydrogen is continuously supplied.

[0092] like Figure 1-2As shown, it is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes 1-171 in the heat insulation component 1-7. This is because, by such arrangement, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 and the hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 1-8 through the connecting holes 1-171.

[0093] like Figure 1-3 As shown, it is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes 1-161 on the catalyst support member 1-6. This is because, by such arrangement, sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 and hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 1-8 via the connecting holes 1-161.

[0094] Preferably, in the catalyst filling sections 1-8, the catalyst is filled in layers in such a way that it contacts the inner wall surface of the reactor 1-3. This is because, in this way, the catalyst can be heated through heat transfer from the inner wall surface of the reactor 1-3, thereby improving heating efficiency.

[0095] The temperature of the catalyst filling sections 1-8 is preferably 300°C or higher in all regions, more preferably 330°C or higher, and even more preferably 360°C or higher. By keeping the temperature of the catalyst filling sections at or above the lower limit value in all regions, hydrogen sulfide can be produced efficiently and stably.

[0096] The temperature of the catalyst filling sections 1-8 is preferably below 500°C in all regions, more preferably below 480°C, and even more preferably below 450°C. By keeping the temperature of the catalyst filling sections below the above-mentioned upper limit in all regions, catalyst deactivation due to overheating can be prevented and the sulfur resistance of the device can be maintained.

[0097] It should be noted that the temperature of the catalyst filling section 1-8 is usually measured at the center of the horizontal direction of the catalyst filling section 1-8.

[0098] Preferably, the catalyst filled in the catalyst filling sections 1-8 is a catalyst for promoting the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, and is composed of a material that is resistant to both sulfidation and hydrogenation, for example, one or more materials selected from activated carbon, zeolite, and activated alumina. From the viewpoint of reducing impurities, it is preferable that the catalyst is composed of one or more materials selected from zeolite and activated alumina, and particularly preferably composed of activated alumina, which is inexpensive and has high stability under high temperature conditions.

[0099] In addition, from the viewpoint of more effectively promoting the reaction between hydrogen and sulfur vapor, metals such as silver, platinum, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, iron, and vanadium can be loaded into the pores of the catalyst.

[0100] From the perspective of preventing sulfur corrosion, the materials used for reactors 1-3 are preferably composed of one or more sulfur-resistant materials selected from quartz, boron nitride, silicon nitride, aluminum, stainless steel, etc.

[0101] In addition, for reactors 1-3, it is preferable to treat the inner surface of the device with sulfur resistance.

[0102] As an organization that provides sulfur-resistant treatment, examples include plating treatments using metals or alloys with high sulfur resistance, such as tin plating, chromium plating, gold plating, plating of molten aluminum or alloys containing these metals.

[0103] Alternatively, metal diffusion infiltration treatment (aluminizing) can be used as a method for sulfur resistance treatment. Aluminizing refers to the process of diffusing and infiltrating metals such as aluminum into the workpiece. It is known that sulfur resistance is improved when a metal diffusion infiltration layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece by aluminizing treatment.

[0104] For example, the object to be treated is buried in a steel shell along with a compound consisting of Fe-Al alloy powder and NH4Cl powder. The shell is then sealed and heated in a furnace, thereby forming an aluminum diffusion-permeable layer that diffuses into the surface of the object to be treated.

[0105] (Covered heaters 1-4)

[0106] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 of this embodiment, a covered heater 1-4 is used as the first heating mechanism for heating the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 to generate sulfur vapor.

[0107] The temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 is, for example, 180°C or higher and 445°C or lower, preferably 250°C or higher and 400°C or lower, and more preferably 300°C or higher and 350°C or lower. When the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 is within the above-mentioned range, sulfur vapor can be stably generated.

[0108] The temperature configuration of the covered heater 1-4 is such that the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 can be adjusted to the aforementioned temperature range.

[0109] Since the required heating temperature varies with the diameter of the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 and the amount of catalyst filling, the temperature range of the covered heater 1-4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 250°C or higher and 400°C or lower, and more preferably 300°C or higher and 350°C or lower.

[0110] In this embodiment, a covered heater 1-4 is used as the first heating mechanism, but it is not limited to this. It can be any component as long as it can heat the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2.

[0111] (Hydrogen supply pipes 1-5)

[0112] Hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 is a component used to supply hydrogen to reactor 1-3.

[0113] Preferably, the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 is configured such that the hydrogen supply port 1-500, which serves as the hydrogen outlet, is located below the catalyst support member 1-6. This is because, since hydrogen has a lower specific gravity than air, by supplying it from below the catalyst support member 1-6 and allowing it to circulate upwards towards the reactor 1-3, it can efficiently contact the catalyst packed in the catalyst packing section 1-8. Furthermore, by continuously circulating hydrogen upwards towards the reactor 1-3, fresh hydrogen is continuously supplied.

[0114] The hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 may also have a hydrogen supply regulating valve 1-13 to adjust the amount of hydrogen supplied. From the viewpoint of controlling the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction in reactor 1-3, it is preferable that the amount of hydrogen supplied can be controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the hydrogen supply regulating valve 1-13.

[0115] The aforementioned materials used as materials for reactors 1-3 can be used as materials for hydrogen supply pipes 1-5.

[0116] In this embodiment, hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 is used as a hydrogen supply component, but it is not limited to this. As long as it can supply hydrogen to reactor 1-3, it can be any hydrogen supply component.

[0117] (Catalyst support components 1-6)

[0118] Catalyst support components 1-6 are components used to support the catalyst for promoting the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, and are disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2.

[0119] As described above, in order to utilize heat transfer from the inner wall of reactor 1-3 for heating, the catalyst is preferably filled in layers in contact with the inner wall of reactor 1-3. Therefore, the catalyst support member 1-6 is preferably configured to contact the inner wall of reactor 1-3 in order to support the catalyst in this way.

[0120] like Figure 1-3 As shown, it is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes 1-161 on the catalyst support member 1-6. This is because, by providing a plurality of connecting holes 1-161 on the catalyst support member 1-6, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 and the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 5 can be efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 1-8 through the plurality of connecting holes 1-161.

[0121] Catalyst support components 1-6 can be made of any material and shape, as long as they can support the catalyst. For example, materials such as metals and ceramics can be used as catalyst support components.

[0122] The shape of the catalyst support components 1-6 is preferably a shape with connecting holes, similar to that of perforated metal. For example, one or more porous plates selected from metal screens such as stainless steel screens and aluminum screens; perforated metals such as perforated stainless steel and perforated aluminum; and expanded metals such as expanded stainless steel and expanded aluminum can be used.

[0123] As needed, two or more of the above-mentioned porous plates can be used overlappingly as catalyst support components 1-6.

[0124] From the viewpoint of improving the contact efficiency between sulfur vapor and catalyst, the area ratio of the connecting holes 1-161 provided in the catalyst support components 1-6 is generally 10% or more and 50% or less, preferably 20% or more and 40% or less.

[0125] The diameter of the connecting holes provided in the catalyst support components 1-6 also depends on the diameter of the catalyst placed thereon, and is usually 26 μm or more and 1000 μm or less, preferably 45 μm or more and 800 μm or less.

[0126] A hydrogen supply pipe through-hole 1-162 can be provided on the catalyst support member 1-6. In this case, the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 passes through the hydrogen supply pipe through-hole 1-162 and is connected to the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2.

[0127] Alternatively, a temperature sensor through-hole 1-163 can be provided on the catalyst support member 1-6. In this case, the temperature sensor 1-15 passes through the temperature sensor through-hole 1-163 and is connected to the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2.

[0128] The same materials used as the materials for reactors 1-3 can be used as the materials for catalyst support components 1-6.

[0129] (Insulation components 1-7)

[0130] Insulation component 1-7 is a component used to insulate the interior of reactor 1-3 and is located above catalyst support component 1-6.

[0131] By providing heat insulation components 1-7, heat is prevented from escaping from the top of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1, and the overall temperature inside the catalyst filling section 1-8, which serves as the site of the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, is maintained at a high level. As a result, the temperature distribution within the catalyst filling section 1-8 can be highly controlled. Therefore, the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 according to this embodiment can produce hydrogen sulfide with high efficiency and stability.

[0132] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 of this embodiment, the upper part of the apparatus tends to cool more easily than the lower part, where the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 serves as a site for sulfur vapor generation. Therefore, preventing heat from escaping from the upper part of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 by means of the heat insulation component 1-7 is an effective means of controlling the temperature distribution within the catalyst filling section 1-8.

[0133] like Figure 1-1 As shown, the preferred heat insulation component 1-7 is configured to be located above and cover the entire catalyst filling section 1-8. This further prevents heat from being released to the outside of the reactor 1-3.

[0134] In addition, such as Figure 1-1 As shown, the side of the insulation component 1-7 is preferably positioned to contact the inner wall of the reactor 1-3. In this way, the insulation component 1-7 is also heated, and since the insulation component 1-7 itself has a fixed heat capacity, the heat preservation effect provided by the insulation component 1-7 is further improved.

[0135] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 of this embodiment, the upper space of the heat insulation component 1-7 is connected to the lower space in a portion of or around the heat insulation component 1-7. To achieve this, the heat insulation component is preferably a metal substrate or a ceramic substrate with connecting holes.

[0136] like Figure 1-2 As shown, preferably, the connecting holes 1-171 are provided on the heat insulation component 1-7. By providing the connecting holes 1-171, the generated hydrogen sulfide moves to the upper part of the heat insulation component 1-7 through a plurality of connecting holes 1-171, and can be recovered by the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10 connected to the upper space of the heat insulation component 1-7.

[0137] As insulation components 1-7, for example, one or more porous plates selected from metal screens such as stainless steel screens and aluminum screens; perforated metals such as stainless steel perforated screens and aluminum perforated screens; expanded metals such as expanded stainless steel and expanded aluminum can be used.

[0138] As needed, two or more of the above-mentioned porous plates can be overlapped and used as insulation components 1-7.

[0139] From the perspective of balancing the improvement of insulation efficiency and the improvement of hydrogen sulfide recovery, the area ratio of the connecting holes provided in the insulation components 1-7 is generally 0.2% or more and 50% or less, preferably 0.5% or more and 40% or less.

[0140] The diameter of the connecting holes provided in the heat insulation components 1-7 is generally 26 μm or more and 10,000 μm or less, preferably 45 μm or more and 5,000 μm or less.

[0141] Alternatively, a hydrogen supply pipe can be installed in the insulation component 1-7 via a through-hole 1-172. In this case, the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 passes through the hydrogen supply pipe through-hole 1-172 and connects to the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2. Alternatively, a temperature sensor can be installed in the insulation component 1-7 via a through-hole 1-173. In this case, the temperature sensor 1-15 passes through the temperature sensor through-hole 1-173 and connects to the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2.

[0142] (Sheathed heaters 1-9)

[0143] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 of this embodiment, a jacket heater 1-9 is used as the second heating mechanism. The jacket heater 1-9 heats the space (catalyst filling section 1-8) formed by the catalyst support member, the insulation member, and the inner wall of the reactor. That is, it heats the catalyst support member and the space above the catalyst support member. As a result, the catalyst can be heated and the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction can be promoted.

[0144] The temperature configuration of the sheath heaters 1-9 is such that the temperature of the catalyst filling section 1-8 can be adjusted to the temperature range described above.

[0145] Since the required heating temperature varies with the diameter of the catalyst filling section 1-8 and the amount of catalyst, the temperature range of the sheath heater 1-9 is not particularly limited. Preferably, the temperature range is 300°C or higher, more preferably 330°C or higher, and even more preferably 360°C or higher.

[0146] By adjusting the temperature of the sheath heaters 1-9 to above the aforementioned lower limit, hydrogen sulfide can be produced efficiently and stably.

[0147] Furthermore, this temperature range is preferably below 500°C, more preferably below 480°C, and even more preferably below 450°C.

[0148] By adjusting the temperature of the sheath heaters 1-9 to below the aforementioned upper limit, it is possible to prevent catalyst deactivation due to overheating and maintain the sulfur resistance of the device.

[0149] In this embodiment, the sheath heater 1-9 is used as the second heating mechanism, but it is not limited to this. As long as it can heat the space formed by the catalyst support component, the insulation component and the inner wall of the reactor, it can be any heating mechanism.

[0150] (Hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10)

[0151] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1 of this embodiment, a hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10 is used as a hydrogen sulfide recovery component for recovering hydrogen sulfide gas from reactor 1-3.

[0152] The hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10 may also have a hydrogen sulfide recovery regulating valve 1-14 for adjusting the amount of hydrogen sulfide gas recovered. By adjusting the opening and closing of the hydrogen sulfide recovery regulating valve 1-14, the amount of hydrogen sulfide gas recovered can be adjusted. This is preferred, for example, from the viewpoint that downstream chemical reactions can be controlled when other reaction devices are connected downstream of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus.

[0153] Alternatively, the pressure regulating valve 1-11 can be installed on the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10. The internal pressure of the reactor 1-3 can be adjusted by opening and closing the pressure regulating valve 1-11.

[0154] Alternatively, a hydrogen sulfide detector 1-12 for detecting the flow rate of hydrogen sulfide can be installed in the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 1-10.

[0155] (Temperature sensor 1-15)

[0156] Temperature sensor 1-15 is a component used to measure the temperature of each area of ​​reactor 1-3.

[0157] Typically, the temperature of reactor 1-3 is measured at the center of reactor 1-3 in the horizontal direction. Therefore, it is preferable that temperature sensor 1-15 is disposed at the center of reactor 1-3 in the horizontal direction.

[0158] [Implementation Methods 1-2]

[0159] An example of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment (Embodiments 1-2) is shown below. Figure 1-4 .

[0160] Figure 1-4 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-21 according to Embodiments 1-2.

[0161] The hydrogen sulfide production apparatus 1-21 also has a heat transfer component configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component.

[0162] By providing a heat transfer component 1-22 at the lower part of the catalyst support component 1-6, heat from the outer sheath heater 1-9 covering the outside of the reactor 1-3 can be easily conducted towards the center of the catalyst filling part, thus improving the horizontal heat uniformity of the catalyst filling part.

[0163] Preferably, the heat transfer components 1-22 are configured to contact the inner wall of the catalyst filling section 1-8. This is because heat from the sheath heater 1-9 is transferred more efficiently.

[0164] It is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes in the heat transfer components 1-22. This is because by providing a plurality of connecting holes in the heat transfer components, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 and the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 can be efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 1-8 through the plurality of connecting holes.

[0165] There are no particular limitations on the material of the heat transfer components 1-22. The aforementioned materials used as materials for reactors 1-3 can be used. It is preferable to use materials with excellent resistance to sulfidation and thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, aluminum alloys, aluminum nitride, etc.

[0166] Furthermore, the shape of the heat transfer components 1-22 is preferably a plate with an appropriate thickness and having connecting holes. For example, one or more porous plates selected from stainless steel or aluminum plates with a thickness of 20 mm or more and having connecting holes can be used.

[0167] Depending on the needs, two or more of the above-mentioned porous plates can also be overlapped and used as heat transfer components.

[0168] By providing a connecting hole in the heat transfer components 1-22, the contact efficiency between the sulfur vapor supplied from the liquid sulfur filling section 2 and the catalyst can be improved.

[0169] From the viewpoint of improving heat transfer and increasing the contact efficiency between sulfur vapor and catalyst, the area ratio of the connecting holes provided in the heat transfer components 1-22 is generally 0.2% or more and 50% or less, preferably 0.5% or more and 40% or less.

[0170] The diameter of the connecting holes provided in the heat transfer components 1-22 is generally 26 μm or more and 10,000 μm or less, preferably 45 μm or more and 5,000 μm or less.

[0171] Alternatively, a hydrogen supply pipe can be provided with a through hole in the heat transfer component 1-22. In this case, the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 passes through the hydrogen supply pipe through hole and is connected to the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2. Alternatively, a temperature sensor can be provided with a through hole in the heat transfer component 1-22. In this case, the temperature sensor 1-15 passes through the temperature sensor through hole and is connected to the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2.

[0172] [Method for producing hydrogen sulfide using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 1-1 or 1-2]

[0173] A method for producing hydrogen sulfide using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 1-1 or 1-2 will be described.

[0174] First, the liquid sulfur filled in the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 is heated by the covered heater 1-4 to generate sulfur vapor.

[0175] The temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 is not particularly limited as long as it is the temperature at which sulfur vapor is generated. For example, it is 180°C or higher and 445°C or lower, preferably 250°C or higher and 400°C or lower, and more preferably 300°C or higher and 350°C or lower.

[0176] When the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 is above the aforementioned lower limit, the sulfur vapor pressure becomes more moderate, and the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas obtained is higher. Therefore, hydrogen sulfide generation can be carried out more efficiently. In addition, when the temperature of the liquid sulfur is below the aforementioned upper limit, the sulfur vapor pressure can be set to below one atmosphere, which can suppress the amount of sulfur that does not react with hydrogen passing through the reactor.

[0177] In the process of producing hydrogen sulfide using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment, hydrogen sulfide gas is generated by supplying sulfur vapor and hydrogen gas to the catalyst heated by the sheath heaters 1-9, causing the hydrogen gas and sulfur vapor to react on the surface of the catalyst.

[0178] At this point, by supplying an excess of hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide gas can be recovered by diluting it with hydrogen. This reduces the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the exhaust gas generated during pressure adjustment or at the end of the reaction, thus simplifying exhaust gas treatment.

[0179] The concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas during recovery is preferably 1% by volume or more, more preferably 3% by volume or more. Furthermore, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas during recovery is preferably 50% by volume or less, more preferably 30% by volume or less.

[0180] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing process using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment, since a heat insulation component 1-7 is provided on the upper part of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-1, the temperature of the area far from the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 (the source of hydrogen sulfide gas) located at the lower part of the apparatus is prevented from dropping, and the temperature of the catalyst filling section 1-8 as a whole is maintained at a high level. As a result, the temperature of the catalyst, which is the site of the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, can be highly controlled, and hydrogen sulfide can be produced efficiently and stably.

[0181] The temperature within the catalyst filling sections 1-8 is preferably 300°C or higher in all regions, more preferably 330°C or higher, and even more preferably 360°C or higher.

[0182] By keeping the temperature in the catalyst filling sections 1-8 above the aforementioned lower limit in all regions, hydrogen sulfide can be produced efficiently and stably.

[0183] The temperature within the catalyst filling sections 1-8 is preferably below 500°C in all regions, more preferably below 480°C, and even more preferably below 450°C.

[0184] By keeping the temperature within the catalyst filling sections 1-8 below the aforementioned upper limit in all areas, catalyst deactivation due to overheating can be prevented and the sulfur resistance of the device can be maintained.

[0185] [Implementation Method 2-1]

[0186] An example of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment (Embodiment 2-1) is shown below. Figure 2-1 .

[0187] Figure 2-1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1 according to embodiment 2-1. Figure 2-2 This is a top view of the heat insulation component 2-7 of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1. Figure 2-3 This is a top view of the catalyst support component 2-6 of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1.

[0188] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1 of this embodiment is an apparatus for producing hydrogen sulfide by reacting sulfur vapor with hydrogen gas.

[0189] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1 includes a reactor 2-3 with a liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 inside, a covered heater 2-4 as a first heating mechanism for heating the liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor, and a hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 connected to the reactor 2-3 as a hydrogen supply component.

[0190] Inside the reactor 2-3, there is a catalyst support component 2-6 located above the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2, and an insulation component 2-7 located between the catalyst support component 2-6 and the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2.

[0191] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1 has a sheath heater 2-9 as a second heating mechanism for heating the catalyst support member 2-6 and the space above the catalyst support member 2-6. The upper space of the insulating member 2-7 is in communication with the lower space of the insulating member 2-7, which is located in part of or around the insulating member 2-7.

[0192] To generate sulfur vapor, the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is typically 250–400°C, preferably adjusted to 300–350°C. It should be noted that the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is usually measured at the center of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 in the horizontal direction.

[0193] The problem here is that in this temperature range, the vapor pressure of sulfur varies exponentially, so even a deviation of a few degrees can result in a significant change in the amount of sulfur vapor produced. Therefore, in order to control the sulfur vapor production to the desired level and to stably produce hydrogen sulfide with high efficiency, it is necessary to minimize heat transfer from reactors 2-3.

[0194] In this regard, in the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1 of this embodiment, since an insulating member 2-7 is provided between the catalyst support member 2-6 and the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2, heat transfer from the reactor 2-3 to the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is prevented, and the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is prevented from rising excessively. Therefore, sulfur vapor can be controlled to the desired production amount, and hydrogen sulfide can be produced stably with high production efficiency.

[0195] The following describes the configuration of each part of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment.

[0196] (Reactor 2-3)

[0197] In reactor 2-3, hydrogen sulfide is generated by the reaction of hydrogen gas with sulfur vapor. Specifically, reactor 2-3 has: a catalyst support member 2-6 disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 and an insulating member 2-7 disposed between the catalyst support member 2-6 and the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2.

[0198] The sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is supplied to the space above the catalyst support member 2-6. The space above the catalyst support member 2-6 is filled with catalyst.

[0199] In this embodiment, the space above the catalyst support member 2-6 filled with catalyst is called the catalyst filling part 2-8. In the catalyst filling part 2-8, sulfur vapor reacts with hydrogen to generate hydrogen sulfide.

[0200] Hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 is connected to reactor 2-3, and hydrogen is supplied from hydrogen supply pipe 2-5.

[0201] Preferably, the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 is configured such that the hydrogen supply port 2-500, which serves as the hydrogen outlet, is located below the catalyst support member 2-6. This is because by supplying hydrogen from below the catalyst support member 2-6 and allowing gas to pass through to the top of the reactor 2-3, efficient contact with the catalyst packed in the catalyst packing section 2-8 can be achieved. Furthermore, by continuously supplying hydrogen to the top of the reactor 2-3, fresh hydrogen is continuously supplied.

[0202] like Figure 2-2 As shown, it is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes 2-171 in the heat insulation component 2-7. This is because, by such arrangement, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 and the hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 2-8 through the connecting holes 2-171.

[0203] like Figure 2-3As shown, it is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes 2-161 on the catalyst support member 2-6. This is because, with such a arrangement, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 and the hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 2-8 via the connecting holes 2-161.

[0204] A catalyst (not shown) that promotes the reaction of hydrogen gas and sulfur vapor to form hydrogen sulfide is placed on catalyst support components 2-6.

[0205] On the surface of the catalyst filled in the catalyst filling section 2-8, a reaction is carried out to generate hydrogen sulfide from sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 and hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5.

[0206] Preferably, in the catalyst filling section 2-8, the catalyst is filled in layers in such a way that it is in contact with the inner wall surface of the reactor 2-3. This is because, in this way, the catalyst can be heated through heat transfer from the inner wall surface of the reactor 2-3, thereby improving heating efficiency.

[0207] To promote the hydrogen sulfide formation reaction, the temperature of the catalyst filling section 2-8 is typically adjusted to 300–500°C, preferably 360–450°C. It should be noted that the temperature of the catalyst filling section 2-8 is usually measured at the center of the horizontal direction of the catalyst filling section 2-8.

[0208] Preferably, the catalyst filled in the catalyst filling sections 2-8 is a catalyst for promoting the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, and is composed of a material that is resistant to both sulfide and hydrogenation, for example, one or more materials selected from activated carbon, zeolite, and activated alumina. From the viewpoint of reducing the amount of impurities, it is preferable that the catalyst is composed of one or more materials selected from zeolite and activated alumina, and particularly preferably composed of activated alumina which is inexpensive and has high stability under high temperature conditions.

[0209] In addition, from the viewpoint of more effectively promoting the reaction between hydrogen and sulfur vapor, metals such as silver, platinum, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, iron, and vanadium can be loaded into the pores of the catalyst.

[0210] Materials for reactors 2-3 can include metals, ceramics, etc., but are preferably sulfur-resistant materials. Examples of sulfur-resistant materials include metal-based sulfur-resistant materials such as stainless steel and aluminum, and ceramic-based sulfur-resistant materials such as quartz, boron nitride, and silicon nitride.

[0211] It is preferable to treat the inner surface of reactors 2-3 with sulfur resistance.

[0212] Examples of sulfur-resistant treatments include tin plating, chromium plating, gold plating, plating with molten aluminum or alloys containing these metals, which utilize metals or alloys with high sulfur resistance.

[0213] Alternatively, metal diffusion infiltration treatment can be used as a method for sulfur resistance treatment. It is known that when a metal diffusion infiltration layer is formed on the surface of the treated object through metal diffusion infiltration treatment, the sulfur resistance is improved.

[0214] For example, aluminizing treatment, which involves diffusion penetration of aluminum, can be used. In aluminizing treatment, the object to be treated is buried in a steel shell along with a compound consisting of Fe-Al alloy powder and NH4Cl powder. The shell is then sealed, and the object is heated in a furnace, thereby forming an aluminum diffusion-penetrated layer that diffuses into the surface of the object, which can improve the object's resistance to sulfidation.

[0215] (Covered heaters 2-4)

[0216] In this embodiment, a covered heater 2-4 is used as the first heating mechanism.

[0217] The covered heater 2-4 is a mechanism for heating the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 to generate sulfur vapor.

[0218] The temperature configuration of the covered heater 2-4 is such that the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 can be adjusted to the temperature range described above.

[0219] The required heating temperature varies with the diameter of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 and the amount of catalyst filling. Therefore, the temperature range of the covered heater 2-4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 250 to 400°C, and more preferably 300 to 350°C.

[0220] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a covered heater 2-4 is used as the first heating mechanism, but it is not limited to this. Any component capable of heating can be used as long as it can heat liquid sulfur. For example, a high-frequency induction heating device can also be used.

[0221] (Hydrogen supply pipes 2-5)

[0222] Hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 is a component used to supply hydrogen to reactor 2-3.

[0223] Preferably, the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 is configured such that the hydrogen supply port 2-500, which serves as the hydrogen outlet, is located below the catalyst support member 2-6. This is because by supplying hydrogen from below the catalyst support member 2-6 and allowing gas to pass through to the top of the reactor 2-3, efficient contact with the catalyst packed in the catalyst packing section 2-8 can be achieved. Furthermore, by continuously supplying hydrogen to the top of the reactor 2-3, fresh hydrogen is continuously supplied.

[0224] like Figure 2-1 As shown, the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 may have a hydrogen supply regulating valve 2-13 to adjust the amount of hydrogen supplied. From the viewpoint of controlling the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction in reactor 2-3, it is preferable that the amount of hydrogen supplied can be controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the hydrogen supply regulating valve 2-13.

[0225] The material used for the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 can be the same as the material used for the reactor 2-3.

[0226] In addition, in this embodiment, hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 is used as a hydrogen supply component, but it is not limited to this. As long as it can supply hydrogen to reactor 2-3, it can be any component.

[0227] (Catalyst support components 2-6)

[0228] Catalyst support components 2-6 are components used to support catalysts that promote the reaction of hydrogen gas and sulfur vapor to produce hydrogen sulfide.

[0229] As described above, in order to utilize heat transfer from the inner wall of reactor 2-3 for heating, the catalyst is preferably packed in layers in contact with the inner wall of reactor 2-3. Therefore, the catalyst support member 2-6 is preferably configured to contact the inner wall of reactor 2-3 in order to support the catalyst in this way.

[0230] like Figure 2-3 As shown, it is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes 2-161 on the catalyst support member 2-6. This is because, by providing a plurality of connecting holes 2-161 on the catalyst support member 6, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 and the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 2-8 through the plurality of connecting holes 2-161.

[0231] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the hydrogen supply pipe can also be provided with a through hole 2-162 on the catalyst support component 2-6. In this case, the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 passes through the hydrogen supply pipe through hole 2-162 and is connected to the reactor 2-3.

[0232] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the temperature sensor through-hole 2-163 can also be provided on the catalyst support member 2-6. In this case, the temperature sensor 2-15 passes through the temperature sensor through-hole 2-163 and is connected to the reactor 2-3. Furthermore, since the temperature of the reactor 2-3 is usually measured at the horizontal center of the reactor 2-3, it is preferable that the temperature sensor through-hole 2-163 is provided at the horizontal center of the catalyst support member 2-6.

[0233] The material used for catalyst support components 2-6 can be the same material used for reactor 2-3.

[0234] There are no particular restrictions on the shape of the catalyst support component 2-6, as long as it can support the catalyst. It is preferred to have a shape with a plurality of connecting holes 2-161 as described above.

[0235] For example, one or more porous plates can be selected from metal screens such as aluminum screens and stainless steel screens; perforated metals such as aluminum perforated screens and stainless steel perforated screens; and expanded metals such as expanded aluminum and expanded stainless steel.

[0236] As needed, two or more of the above-mentioned porous plates can be used overlappingly as catalyst support components 2-6.

[0237] The diameter of the connecting hole 2-161 provided on the catalyst support component 2-6 also depends on the diameter of the catalyst placed thereon, and is usually 26 μm or more and 1000 μm or less, preferably 45 μm or more and 800 μm or less.

[0238] (Insulation components 2-7)

[0239] The heat insulation component 2-7 is a component used to prevent heat transfer from the reactor 2-3 to the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2, and is disposed between the catalyst support component 2-6 and the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2.

[0240] like Figure 2-2 As shown, the heat insulation components 2-7 are preferably disc-shaped components. Additionally, as... Figure 2-1 As shown, the preferred disc-shaped insulating component 2-7 is positioned between the catalyst support component 2-6 and the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2, covering the entire liquid sulfur filling section 2-2. This further prevents heat transfer from the reactor 2-3 to the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2, preventing excessive temperature rise in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2. Therefore, the concentration of sulfur vapor can be controlled to the desired level, and hydrogen sulfide can be produced stably with high production efficiency.

[0241] like Figure 2-2 As shown, it is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes 2-171 in the heat insulation component 2-7. This is because, by providing a plurality of connecting holes 2-171 in the heat insulation component 2-7, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 and the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 2-8 through the plurality of connecting holes 2-171.

[0242] like Figure 2-2 As shown, the hydrogen supply pipe can also be provided with a through hole 2-172 in the insulation component 2-7. In this case, the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 passes through the hydrogen supply pipe through hole 2-172 and is connected to the reactor 2-3.

[0243] like Figure 2-2 As shown, the temperature sensor through-hole 2-173 can also be provided in the insulation component 2-7. In this case, the temperature sensor 2-15 passes through the temperature sensor through-hole 2-173 and is connected to the reactor 2-3. In addition, since the temperature of the reactor 2-3 is usually measured at the horizontal center of the reactor 2-3, it is preferable to provide the temperature sensor through-hole 2-173 at the horizontal center of the insulation component 2-7.

[0244] The same material used as the material for reactor 2-3 can be used as the material for the insulation component 2-7.

[0245] The shape of the heat insulation components 2-7 is not particularly limited, but the shape with a plurality of connecting holes 2-171 as described above is preferred. For example, one or more porous plates selected from metal screens such as aluminum screens and stainless steel screens; perforated metals such as perforated aluminum and perforated stainless steel; and expanded metals such as expanded aluminum and expanded stainless steel can be used.

[0246] As needed, two or more of the above-mentioned porous plates can be used overlapping as insulation components 2-7.

[0247] From the viewpoint of balancing the improvement of insulation efficiency and the improvement of the supply efficiency of sulfur vapor and hydrogen, the area ratio of the connecting hole 2-171 provided in the insulation component 2-7 is generally 0.2% or more and 50% or less, preferably 0.5% or more and 40% or less.

[0248] From the viewpoint of balancing the improvement of insulation efficiency and the improvement of the supply efficiency of sulfur vapor and hydrogen, the diameter of the connecting hole 2-171 provided in the insulation component 2-7 is generally 26 μm or more and 10000 μm or less, preferably 45 μm or more and 5000 μm or less.

[0249] From the viewpoint of improving thermal insulation efficiency, the thickness of the thermal insulation components 2-7 is preferably 0.5 mm or more, and more preferably 1.5 mm or more. Furthermore, there is no particular upper limit to the thickness of the thermal insulation component 7, which is typically 20 mm or less.

[0250] (Sheathed heater 2-9)

[0251] In this embodiment, the sheath heater 2-9 is used as the second heating mechanism.

[0252] The sheath heater 2-9 heats the catalyst support component 2-6 and the space above it. This heats the catalyst filled in the catalyst packing section 2-8 and promotes the hydrogen sulfide formation reaction.

[0253] The temperature configuration of the sheath heater 2-9 is such that the temperature of the catalyst filling section 2-8 can be adjusted to the temperature range described above.

[0254] Since the required heating temperature varies with the diameter of the catalyst filling section 2-8 and the amount of catalyst filling, the temperature range of the sheath heater 2-9 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 300-500°C, and more preferably 360-450°C.

[0255] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the sheath heater 2-9 is used as the second heating mechanism, but it is not limited to this. Any component capable of heating can be used as long as it can heat the catalyst. For example, a high-frequency induction heating device can also be used.

[0256] (Hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 2-10)

[0257] The hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 2-10 is a component used to recover hydrogen sulfide produced by the reaction of sulfur vapor and hydrogen.

[0258] A pressure regulating valve 2-11 can also be installed in the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 2-10, allowing adjustment of the internal pressure of the reactor 2-3 by opening and closing the valve. Additionally, a hydrogen sulfide detector 2-12 can be installed in the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 2-10 to detect the flow rate of hydrogen sulfide. Furthermore, a hydrogen sulfide recovery regulating valve 2-14 can be installed in the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 2-10 to regulate the amount of hydrogen sulfide gas recovered.

[0259] (Temperature sensor 2-15)

[0260] Temperature sensor 2-15 is a component used to measure the temperature of various areas of reactor 2-3.

[0261] Since the temperature of reactor 2-3 is usually measured at the center of reactor 2-3 in the horizontal direction, it is preferable that the temperature sensor 2-15 is arranged at the center of reactor 2-3 in the horizontal direction.

[0262] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1 of this embodiment, since an insulating member 2-7 is provided between the catalyst support member 2-6 and the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2, heat transfer from the reactor 2-3 to the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is prevented, thus preventing excessive temperature rise in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2. Therefore, the concentration of sulfur vapor can be controlled to the desired concentration, and hydrogen sulfide can be produced stably with high production efficiency.

[0263] [Implementation Method 2-2]

[0264] An example of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment (Embodiment 2-2) is shown below. Figure 2-4 .

[0265] Figure 2-4 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-21 of embodiment 2-2.

[0266] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-21 also has a heat transfer component 2-22 configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component 2-6.

[0267] By providing a heat transfer component 2-22 at the lower part of the catalyst support component 2-6, heat from the sheath heater 2-9 covering the outer side of the catalyst filling part 2-8 can be easily conducted to the horizontal direction of the catalyst filling part 2-8, thereby improving the horizontal heat uniformity of the catalyst filling part 2-8.

[0268] Preferably, the heat transfer component 2-22 is configured to contact the inner wall of the catalyst filling section 2-8. This is because it allows for more efficient transfer of heat from the sheath heater 2-9.

[0269] Preferably, a plurality of connecting holes are provided in the heat transfer component 2-22. This is because, by providing a plurality of connecting holes in the heat transfer component, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 and the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 2-5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 2-8 through the plurality of connecting holes.

[0270] There are no particular limitations on the material of the heat transfer components 2-22. The aforementioned materials used as the material of the reactor 2-3 can be used. It is preferable to use materials with excellent thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, aluminum nitride, etc.

[0271] Furthermore, the shape of the heat transfer components 2-22 is not particularly limited, but a shape with a plurality of connecting holes is preferred. For example, one or more porous plates selected from stainless steel or aluminum plates with a thickness of 20 mm or more and having connecting holes can be used.

[0272] As needed, two or more of the above-mentioned porous plates can be used overlapping as heat transfer components 2-22.

[0273] From the viewpoint of balancing the improvement of heat transfer efficiency and the improvement of sulfur vapor and hydrogen supply efficiency, the area ratio of the connecting holes provided in the heat transfer components 2-22 is generally 0.2% or more and 50% or less, preferably 0.5% or more and 40% or less.

[0274] The diameter of the connecting holes provided in the heat transfer components 2-22 is generally 26 μm or more and 10,000 μm or less, preferably 45 μm or more and 5,000 μm or less.

[0275] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-21 of this embodiment, by providing a heat transfer member 2-22 at the lower part of the catalyst support member 2-6, heat from the sheath heater 2-9 covering the outside of the catalyst filling section 2-8 is easily conducted to the horizontal direction of the catalyst filling section 2-8, improving the horizontal heat uniformity of the catalyst filling section 2-8. Therefore, hydrogen sulfide can be produced with higher production efficiency and more stable operation.

[0276] [Method for producing hydrogen sulfide using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 2-1 or 2-2]

[0277] A method for producing hydrogen sulfide using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 2-1 or 2-2 will be described.

[0278] First, in the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2, the liquid sulfur is heated by the covered heater 2-4 to generate sulfur vapor.

[0279] To generate sulfur vapor, the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is typically 250–400°C, preferably adjusted to 300–350°C. It should be noted that the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is usually measured at the center of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 in the horizontal direction.

[0280] The problem here is that in this temperature range, the vapor pressure of sulfur varies exponentially, so even a deviation of a few degrees can result in a significant change in the amount of sulfur vapor produced. Therefore, in order to control the sulfur vapor production to the desired level and to stably produce hydrogen sulfide with high efficiency, it is necessary to minimize heat transfer from reactors 2-3.

[0281] In this regard, in the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1 of this embodiment, since an insulating member 2-7 is provided between the catalyst support member 6 and the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2, heat transfer from the reactor 2-3 to the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is prevented, and the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 2-2 is prevented from rising excessively. Therefore, sulfur vapor can be controlled to the desired production amount, and hydrogen sulfide can be produced stably with high production efficiency.

[0282] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing process using hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 2-1, hydrogen sulfide gas is generated by supplying sulfur vapor and hydrogen gas to the catalyst heated by the sheath heater 2-9, causing the hydrogen gas and sulfur vapor to react on the catalyst surface.

[0283] At this point, by supplying an excess of hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide gas can be recovered by diluting it with hydrogen. This reduces the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the exhaust gas generated during pressure adjustment or at the end of the reaction, thus simplifying exhaust gas treatment.

[0284] The concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas during recovery is preferably 1% by volume or more, more preferably 3% by volume or more. Furthermore, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas during recovery is preferably 50% by volume or less, more preferably 30% by volume or less.

[0285] To promote the hydrogen sulfide formation reaction, the temperature of the catalyst filling section 2-8 is typically adjusted to 300–500°C, preferably 360–450°C. It should be noted that the temperature of the catalyst filling section 2-8 is usually measured at the center of the horizontal direction of the catalyst filling section 2-8.

[0286] [Implementation Method 3-1]

[0287] An example of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment (Embodiment 3-1) is shown below. Figure 3-1 .

[0288] Figure 3-1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 3-1 according to Embodiment 3-1. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 3-1 in this embodiment is an apparatus for producing hydrogen sulfide by reacting sulfur vapor with hydrogen gas. Figure 3-2 This is a top view of an example of a catalyst support component of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment.

[0289] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 3-1 includes: a reactor 3-3 having a liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 inside; a covered heater 3-4 as a first heating mechanism for heating the liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor; a hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 as a hydrogen supply component connected to the reactor 3-3; and a liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 as a liquid sulfur supply component connected to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2.

[0290] Inside reactor 3-3, a catalyst support member 3-6 is disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2. Inside reactor 3-3, the catalyst filling section 3-8 is formed by the catalyst support member 3-6 and the inner wall of reactor 3-3.

[0291] In addition, reactor 3-3 has a jacket heater 3-9 as a second heating mechanism for heating the catalyst filling section 3-8.

[0292] The liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 is configured to continuously supply liquid sulfur to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2. Furthermore, the liquid sulfur supplied to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 via the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 is heated to generate sulfur vapor.

[0293] By ensuring a continuous supply of liquid sulfur, the amount of sulfur vapor produced can be controlled to the desired level. Therefore, the concentration of sulfur vapor in the catalyst packing section 3-8, which serves as the site of the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, can be controlled to the desired concentration, and hydrogen sulfide can be produced stably with high production efficiency.

[0294] The following describes the configuration of each part of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment.

[0295] (Reactor 3-3)

[0296] In reactor 3-3, hydrogen sulfide is generated by the reaction of hydrogen gas with sulfur vapor. Reactor 3-3 has a catalyst support member 3-6 disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2.

[0297] The sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 is supplied to the space (catalyst filling section 3-8) surrounded by the catalyst support component 3-6 and the inner wall of the reactor 3-3. In the catalyst filling section 3-8, the sulfur vapor reacts with hydrogen to generate hydrogen sulfide.

[0298] Hydrogen supply pipe 5 is connected to reactor 3-3, and hydrogen is supplied from hydrogen supply pipe 3-5.

[0299] Preferably, the hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 is configured such that the hydrogen supply port 3-500, which serves as the hydrogen outlet, is located below the catalyst support member 3-6. This is because, since hydrogen has a lower specific gravity than air, by supplying it from below the catalyst support member 3-6 and allowing it to circulate upwards towards the reactor 3-3, it can efficiently contact the catalyst packed in the catalyst packing section 3-8. Furthermore, by continuously circulating hydrogen upwards towards the reactor 3-3, fresh hydrogen is continuously supplied.

[0300] like Figure 3-2 As shown, it is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes 3-161 on the catalyst support member 3-6. This is because, with such a arrangement, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 and the hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 3-8 through the connecting holes 3-161.

[0301] A catalyst (not shown) that promotes the reaction of hydrogen gas and sulfur vapor to form hydrogen sulfide is placed on the catalyst support component 3-6.

[0302] On the surface of the catalyst filled in the catalyst filling section 3-8, a reaction is carried out to generate hydrogen sulfide from sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 and hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 3-5.

[0303] In the catalyst filling section 3-8, the catalyst is preferably filled in layers in a manner that brings it into contact with the inner wall of the reactor 3-3. This is because, in this way, the catalyst can be heated through heat transfer from the inner wall of the reactor 3-3, thereby improving heating efficiency.

[0304] The temperature within the catalyst filling section 3-8 is preferably 300°C or higher, more preferably 330°C or higher, and even more preferably 360°C or higher. By ensuring that the temperature in the catalyst filling section 3-8 is above the aforementioned lower limit value in all regions, hydrogen sulfide can be produced efficiently and stably.

[0305] The temperature inside the catalyst filling section 3-8 is preferably below 500°C, more preferably below 480°C, and even more preferably below 450°C. By keeping the temperature of the catalyst filling section 3-8 below the above-mentioned upper limit value in all regions, catalyst deactivation due to overheating can be prevented and the sulfur resistance of the device can be maintained.

[0306] It should be noted that the temperature inside the catalyst filling section 3-8 is usually measured at the center of the horizontal direction of the catalyst filling section 8.

[0307] Preferably, the catalyst filled in the catalyst filling sections 3-8 is a catalyst for promoting the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, and is composed of a material that is resistant to both sulfidation and hydrogenation, for example, one or more materials selected from activated carbon, zeolite, and activated alumina. From the viewpoint of reducing impurities, it is preferable that the catalyst is composed of one or more materials selected from zeolite and activated alumina, and particularly preferably composed of activated alumina, which is inexpensive and has high stability under high temperature conditions.

[0308] In addition, from the viewpoint of more effectively promoting the reaction between hydrogen and sulfur vapor, metals such as silver, platinum, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, iron, and vanadium can be loaded into the pores of the catalyst.

[0309] From the perspective of preventing sulfur corrosion, the material of reactor 3-3 is preferably composed of one or more sulfur-resistant materials selected from quartz, boron nitride, silicon nitride, aluminum, stainless steel, etc.

[0310] It is preferable to treat the inner surface of reactor 3-3 with sulfur resistance.

[0311] Examples of sulfur-resistant treatments include tin plating, chromium plating, gold plating, plating with molten aluminum or alloys containing these metals, which utilize metals or alloys with high sulfur resistance.

[0312] Alternatively, metal diffusion infiltration treatment can be used as a method for sulfur resistance treatment. It is known that when a metal diffusion infiltration layer is formed on the surface of the treated object through metal diffusion infiltration treatment, the sulfur resistance is improved.

[0313] For example, aluminizing treatment, which involves diffusion penetration of aluminum, can be used. In aluminizing treatment, the object to be treated is buried in a steel shell along with a compound consisting of Fe-Al alloy powder and NH4Cl powder. The shell is then sealed, and the object is heated in a furnace, thereby forming an aluminum diffusion-penetrated layer that diffuses into the surface of the object, which can improve the object's resistance to sulfidation.

[0314] (Covered heater 3-4)

[0315] In this embodiment, a covered heater 3-4 is used as the first heating mechanism for heating the liquid sulfur filling part 3-2 to generate sulfur vapor.

[0316] The covered heater 3-4 is a mechanism for heating the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 to generate sulfur vapor.

[0317] The temperature inside the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 is typically 180°C or higher and 445°C or lower, preferably 250°C or higher and 400°C or lower, and more preferably 300°C or higher and 350°C or lower. Sulfur vapor can be stably generated when the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 is within the above-mentioned range.

[0318] It should be noted that the temperature inside the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 is usually measured at the center of the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 in the horizontal direction.

[0319] The temperature configuration of the covered heater 3-4 is such that the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 can be adjusted to the temperature range described above.

[0320] Since the required heating temperature varies with the diameter of the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 and the amount of catalyst filling, the temperature range of the covered heater 3-4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 250°C or higher and 400°C or lower, more preferably 300°C or higher and 350°C or lower.

[0321] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a covered heater 3-4 is used as the first heating mechanism, but it is not limited to this. Any heating mechanism capable of heating liquid sulfur can be used. For example, a high-frequency induction heating device can also be used.

[0322] (Hydrogen supply pipes 3-5)

[0323] Hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 is a component used to supply hydrogen to reactor 3-3.

[0324] Preferably, the hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 is configured such that the hydrogen supply port 3-500, which serves as the hydrogen outlet, is located below the catalyst support member 3-6. This is because, since hydrogen has a lower specific gravity than air, by supplying it from below the catalyst support member 3-6 and allowing it to circulate upwards towards the reactor 3-3, it can efficiently contact the catalyst packed in the catalyst packing section 3-8. Furthermore, by continuously circulating hydrogen upwards towards the reactor 3-3, fresh hydrogen is continuously supplied.

[0325] like Figure 3-1 As shown, the hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 may also have a hydrogen supply regulating valve 3-13 to adjust the amount of hydrogen supplied. From the viewpoint of controlling the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction in reactor 3-3, it is preferable that the amount of hydrogen supplied can be controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the hydrogen supply regulating valve 3-13.

[0326] The aforementioned material, which is also the material used for reactor 3-3, can be used as the material for hydrogen supply pipe 3-5.

[0327] In addition, in this embodiment, hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 is used as a hydrogen supply component, but it is not limited to this. As long as it can supply hydrogen to reactor 3-3, it can be any component.

[0328] (Catalyst support components 3-6)

[0329] Catalyst support components 3-6 are components used to support the catalyst that promotes the reaction of hydrogen gas and sulfur vapor to produce hydrogen sulfide.

[0330] As described above, in order to utilize heat transfer from the inner wall of reactor 3-3 for heating, the catalyst is preferably filled in layers in contact with the inner wall of reactor 3-3. Therefore, the catalyst support member 3-6 is preferably configured to contact the inner wall of reactor 3-3 in order to support the catalyst in this way.

[0331] like Figure 3-2 As shown, it is preferable to provide a plurality of connecting holes 3-161 on the catalyst support member 3-6. This is because, by providing a plurality of connecting holes 3-161 on the catalyst support member 3-6, the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 and the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 3-8 through the plurality of connecting holes 3-161.

[0332] like Figure 3-2 As shown, the hydrogen supply pipe can also be provided with a through hole 3-162 on the catalyst support component 3-6. In this case, the hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 passes through the hydrogen supply pipe through hole 3-162 and is connected to the reactor 3-3.

[0333] like Figure 3-2As shown, the temperature sensor through-hole 3-163 can also be provided on the catalyst support member 3-6. In this case, the temperature sensor 3-15 passes through the temperature sensor through-hole 3-163 and is connected to the reactor 3-3. Furthermore, since the temperature inside the reactor 3-3 is usually measured at the horizontal center of the reactor 3-3, it is preferable that the temperature sensor through-hole 3-163 be provided at the horizontal center of the catalyst support member 3-6.

[0334] The material used for catalyst support component 3-6 can be the same material used for reactor 3-3.

[0335] There are no particular restrictions on the shape of the catalyst support component 3-6, as long as it can support the catalyst. It is preferred to have a shape with a plurality of connecting holes 3-161 as described above.

[0336] For example, one or more porous plates can be selected from metal screens such as aluminum screens and stainless steel screens; perforated metals such as aluminum perforated screens and stainless steel perforated screens; and expanded metals such as expanded aluminum and expanded stainless steel.

[0337] As needed, two or more of the above-mentioned porous plates can be used overlapping as catalyst support components 3-6.

[0338] From the viewpoint of improving the contact efficiency between sulfur vapor and catalyst, the area ratio of the connecting hole 3-161 provided in the catalyst support component 3-6 is generally 10% or more and 50% or less, preferably 20% or more and 40% or less.

[0339] The diameter of the connecting holes provided in the catalyst support components 3-6 also depends on the diameter of the catalyst being supported, and is usually 26 μm or more and 1000 μm or less, preferably 45 μm or more and 800 μm or less.

[0340] (Liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7)

[0341] The liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 is a component used to supply liquid sulfur to the liquid sulfur filling part 3-2 and is connected to the liquid sulfur filling part 3-2.

[0342] The liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 is configured to continuously supply liquid sulfur to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2. The liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 may also have a liquid sulfur supply regulating valve 3-19 for adjusting the amount of liquid sulfur supplied.

[0343] In addition, the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 may also have a backflow prevention gas supply component 3-18 to prevent the backflow of hydrogen sulfide gas. By supplying backflow prevention gas such as hydrogen from the backflow prevention gas supply component 3-18, it is possible to prevent the sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling part 3-2 from flowing back into the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 and thus hindering the supply of liquid sulfur.

[0344] The temperature inside the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 is preferably 120°C or higher and 160°C or lower, more preferably 130°C or higher and 150°C or lower. By keeping the temperature inside the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 above the lower limit, the sulfur within the pipe remains in a liquid state. Furthermore, by keeping the temperature inside the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 below the upper limit, the sulfur within the pipe is prevented from becoming rubbery, ensuring a smooth sulfur supply.

[0345] The material used for the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 can be the same material used for the reactor 3-3.

[0346] In addition, in this embodiment, a liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 is used as a liquid sulfur supply component, but it is not limited to this. Any component can be used as long as it can supply liquid sulfur to the liquid sulfur filling part 3-2.

[0347] (Sulfur container 3-17, Sulfur container heating mechanism 3-16)

[0348] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 3-1 of this embodiment includes: a sulfur container 3-17 as a component for pre-containing sulfur supplied to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2; and a sulfur container heating mechanism 3-16 as a component for heating the sulfur container 3-17. Preferably, the sulfur container 3-17 is connected to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 via a liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7.

[0349] Although not illustrated, the sulfur container 3-17 may also have a sulfur inlet pipe for introducing sulfur into the sulfur container 3-17 from the outside, and a carrier gas inlet pipe for introducing carrier gas to expel sulfur from the sulfur container 3-17 into the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7. Additionally, the sulfur container 3-17 may also have a pipe that serves as both a sulfur inlet pipe and a carrier gas inlet pipe.

[0350] The sulfur in the sulfur container 3-17 is heated by the sulfur container heating mechanism 3-16 and becomes liquid. The liquid sulfur is then supplied to the liquid sulfur filling part 3-2 via the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7.

[0351] The temperature inside the sulfur container 3-17 is preferably 120°C or higher and 160°C or lower, more preferably 130°C or higher and 150°C or lower. When the temperature inside the sulfur container 3-17 is at or above the aforementioned lower limit, the sulfur contained within the sulfur container 3-17 can be sufficiently liquefied. Furthermore, when the temperature inside the sulfur container 3-17 is at or below the aforementioned upper limit, the sulfur contained within the sulfur container 3-17 can be prevented from becoming rubbery sulfur, allowing for smooth sulfur supply via the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7.

[0352] The temperature configuration of the heating mechanism 3-16 of the sulfur container is such that the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 can be adjusted to the temperature range described above.

[0353] Since the required heating temperature varies with the diameter of the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 and the amount of catalyst filling, the temperature range of the sulfur container heating mechanism 3-16 is not particularly limited, but is preferably above 120°C and below 160°C, and more preferably above 130°C and below 150°C.

[0354] (Sheathed heater 3-9)

[0355] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 3-1 of this embodiment, a sheath heater 3-9 is used as the second heating mechanism.

[0356] The jacket heater 3-9 heats the space (catalyst filling section 3-8) formed by the catalyst support component, the insulation component, and the inner wall of the reactor. Specifically, it heats the catalyst support component and the space above it. This heats the catalyst and promotes the hydrogen sulfide formation reaction.

[0357] The temperature configuration of the sheath heater 3-9 is such that the temperature of the catalyst filling section 3-8 can be adjusted to the temperature range described above.

[0358] Since the required heating temperature varies with the diameter of the catalyst filling section 3-8 and the amount of catalyst, the temperature range of the sheath heater 3-9 is not particularly limited. Preferably, the temperature range is 300°C or higher, more preferably 330°C or higher, and even more preferably 360°C or higher.

[0359] By adjusting the temperature of the sheath heaters 3-9 to above the aforementioned lower limit, hydrogen sulfide can be produced efficiently and stably.

[0360] Furthermore, this temperature range is preferably below 500°C, more preferably below 480°C, and even more preferably below 450°C.

[0361] By adjusting the temperature of the sheath heaters 3-9 to below the aforementioned upper limit, catalyst deactivation due to overheating can be prevented and the sulfur resistance of the device can be maintained.

[0362] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a sheath heater 3-9 is used as the second heating mechanism, but it is not limited to this. Any heating mechanism capable of heating the catalyst can be used. For example, a high-frequency induction heating device can also be used.

[0363] (Hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 3-10)

[0364] The hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 3-10 is a component used to recover hydrogen sulfide produced by the reaction of sulfur vapor and hydrogen.

[0365] A pressure regulating valve 3-11 can also be installed in the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 3-10, allowing the internal pressure of the reactor 3-3 to be adjusted by opening and closing the valve 3-11. Additionally, a hydrogen sulfide detector 3-12 can be installed in the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 3-10 as a component for detecting the flow rate of hydrogen sulfide. Furthermore, a hydrogen sulfide recovery regulating valve 3-14 can also be installed in the hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe 3-10 as a component for adjusting the amount of hydrogen sulfide gas recovered.

[0366] (Temperature sensor 3-15)

[0367] Temperature sensor 3-15 is a component used to measure the temperature of various zones in reactor 3-3.

[0368] Since the temperature inside reactor 3-3 is usually measured at the center of the horizontal direction of reactor 3-3, it is preferable that the temperature sensor 3-15 is located at the center of the horizontal direction of reactor 3-3.

[0369] [Implementation Method 3-2]

[0370] An example of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment (Embodiment 3-2) is shown below. Figure 3-3 .

[0371] Figure 3-3 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 3-21 of embodiment 3-2.

[0372] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 3-21 also has a heat transfer component 3-22 configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component 3-6.

[0373] This is because, by providing a heat transfer component 3-22 at the lower part of the catalyst support component 3-6, the heat from the sheath heater 3-9 covering the outer side of the catalyst filling part 3-8 can be easily conducted to the horizontal direction of the catalyst filling part 3-8, thereby improving the horizontal heat uniformity of the catalyst filling part 3-8.

[0374] Preferably, the heat transfer component 3-22 is configured to contact the inner wall of the catalyst filling section 3-8. This is because it allows for more efficient transfer of heat from the sheath heater 3-9.

[0375] Preferably, a plurality of connecting holes are provided in the heat transfer component 3-22. This is because, by providing a plurality of connecting holes in the heat transfer component, sulfur vapor generated in the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 and hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 3-5 are efficiently supplied to the catalyst filling section 3-8 through the plurality of connecting holes.

[0376] There are no particular limitations on the material of the heat transfer component 3-22. Any of the above-mentioned materials used as the material of the reactor 3-3 can be used. It is preferable to use materials with excellent resistance to sulfidation and thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, aluminum nitride, etc.

[0377] Furthermore, the shape of the heat transfer component 3-22 is not particularly limited, but a shape with multiple connecting holes is preferred. For example, one or more porous plates selected from stainless steel or aluminum plates with a thickness of 20 mm or more and having connecting holes can be used.

[0378] As needed, two or more of the above-mentioned porous plates can be used overlapping as heat transfer components 3-22.

[0379] From the viewpoint of improving heat transfer and the contact efficiency between sulfur vapor and catalyst, the area ratio of the connecting holes provided in the heat transfer components 3-22 is generally 0.2% or more and 50% or less, preferably 0.5% or more and 40% or less.

[0380] The diameter of the connecting holes provided in the heat transfer components 3-22 is generally 26 μm or more and 10,000 μm or less, preferably 45 μm or more and 5,000 μm or less.

[0381] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 3-21 of this embodiment, by providing a heat transfer member 3-22 at the lower part of the catalyst support member 3-6, heat from the sheath heater 3-9 covering the outside of the catalyst filling section 3-8 is easily conducted to the horizontal direction of the catalyst filling section 3-8, improving the horizontal heat uniformity of the catalyst filling section 3-8. Therefore, hydrogen sulfide can be produced with higher production efficiency and more stable operation.

[0382] [Method for producing hydrogen sulfide using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 3-1 or 3-2]

[0383] A method for producing hydrogen sulfide using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 3-1 or 3-2 will be described.

[0384] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of embodiment 3-1 or 3-2, the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 is configured to continuously supply liquid sulfur to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2. Furthermore, the liquid sulfur supplied to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 via the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7 is heated by the covered heater 3-4 to generate sulfur vapor.

[0385] By ensuring a continuous supply of liquid sulfur, the amount of sulfur vapor produced can be controlled to the desired level. Therefore, the concentration of sulfur vapor in the catalyst packing section 3-8, which serves as the site of the hydrogen sulfide generation reaction, can be controlled to the desired concentration, and hydrogen sulfide can be produced stably with high production efficiency.

[0386] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of embodiment 3-1 or 3-2 includes: a sulfur container 3-17 as a component for pre-containing sulfur supplied to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2; and a sulfur container heating mechanism 3-16 as a component for heating the sulfur container 3-17. Preferably, the sulfur container 3-17 is connected to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 via a liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7. The sulfur in the sulfur container 3-17 becomes liquid by heating with the sulfur container heating mechanism 3-16, and the liquid sulfur is supplied to the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 via the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7.

[0387] The temperature inside the sulfur container 3-17 is preferably 120°C or higher and 160°C or lower, more preferably 130°C or higher and 150°C or lower. By keeping the temperature of the sulfur container 3-17 above the aforementioned lower limit, the sulfur contained in the sulfur container 3-17 can be sufficiently liquefied. Furthermore, by keeping the temperature of the sulfur container 3-17 below the aforementioned upper limit, the sulfur contained in the sulfur container 3-17 can be prevented from becoming rubbery sulfur, and sulfur can be smoothly supplied via the liquid sulfur supply pipe 3-7.

[0388] The temperature inside the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 is typically 180°C or higher and 445°C or lower, preferably 250°C or higher and 400°C or lower, and more preferably 300°C or higher and 350°C or lower. Sulfur vapor can be stably generated when the temperature of the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 is within the above-mentioned range.

[0389] It should be noted that the temperature inside the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 is usually measured at the center of the liquid sulfur filling section 3-2 in the horizontal direction.

[0390] In the process of producing hydrogen sulfide using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of embodiment 3-1 or 3-2, hydrogen sulfide gas is produced by supplying sulfur vapor and hydrogen gas to the catalyst heated by the sheath heater 3-9, causing the hydrogen gas and sulfur vapor to react on the surface of the catalyst.

[0391] At this point, by supplying an excess of hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide gas can be recovered by diluting it with hydrogen. This reduces the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the exhaust gas generated during pressure adjustment or at the end of the reaction, thus simplifying exhaust gas treatment.

[0392] The concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas during recovery is preferably 1% by volume or more, more preferably 3% by volume or more. Furthermore, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas during recovery is preferably 50% by volume or less, more preferably 30% by volume or less.

[0393] The temperature within the catalyst filling section 3-8 is preferably 300°C or higher, more preferably 330°C or higher, and even more preferably 360°C or higher. By ensuring that the temperature in the catalyst filling section 3-8 is above the aforementioned lower limit value in all regions, hydrogen sulfide can be produced efficiently and stably.

[0394] The temperature inside the catalyst filling section 3-8 is preferably below 500°C, more preferably below 480°C, and even more preferably below 450°C. By keeping the temperature of the catalyst filling section 3-8 below the above-mentioned upper limit value in all regions, catalyst deactivation due to overheating can be prevented and the sulfur resistance of the device can be maintained.

[0395] It should be noted that the temperature inside the catalyst filling section 3-8 is usually measured at the center of the horizontal direction of the catalyst filling section 3-8.

[0396] [Variation Example]

[0397] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment may also have components other than those described above.

[0398] Furthermore, the various parts of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment can also be integrally formed.

[0399] Other reaction devices can also be connected downstream of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus in this embodiment.

[0400] For example, a reaction device for generating sulfides of metals such as lithium can be connected downstream of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment, and the hydrogen sulfide produced in the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment can be supplied.

[0401] Uses of hydrogen sulfide

[0402] Hydrogen sulfide obtained through the manufacturing process of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment can, for example, be used in a reaction that sulfides metals such as lithium.

[0403] Sulfides obtained by sulfiding hydrogen sulfide produced by the manufacturing process using the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment are suitable for use as positive electrode active materials, negative electrode active materials, solid electrolyte materials, and intermediate raw materials for chemicals in batteries.

[0404] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but these embodiments are examples of the present invention, and various configurations other than those described above can also be adopted.

[0405] Example

[0406] (Example 1)

[0407] Example 1 is an embodiment of the above-described embodiments 1-2.

[0408] Production corresponding to implementation methods 1-2 Figure 1-4 The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 21 shown.

[0409] The components used in the fabrication of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus are described below.

[0410] Reactors 1-3: Reaction tubes made of SUS316L aluminum alloy with an aluminized inner wall (inner diameter 133.8 mm, height 672 mm).

[0411] • Hydrogen supply pipes 1-5: SUS316L pipes with an aluminized inner wall (15mm diameter, 750mm length).

[0412] Catalyst support components 1-6: Perforated aluminum metal (diameter 133mm, thickness 0.5mm, pore size 0.5mm, pore area ratio 27.9%)

[0413] • Insulation components 1-7: These are formed by overlapping one sheet of perforated aluminum metal (diameter 133mm, thickness 1.5mm, hole diameter 5mm, hole area ratio 32.1%) and another sheet of perforated aluminum metal (diameter 133mm, thickness 0.5mm, hole diameter 0.5mm, hole area ratio 27.9%) at 8mm intervals.

[0414] • Heat transfer components 1-22: Aluminum sheet (diameter 133mm, thickness 20mm, aperture 5mm, aperture area ratio 8.3%)

[0415] 520g of sulfur (not shown) is filled into reactor 1-3, and a heat transfer component 1-22 is arranged above the sulfur-filled part. The sulfur-filled area at the bottom of reactor 1-3 is the liquid sulfur filling part 1-2.

[0416] A catalyst support component 1-6 is disposed on the upper part of the heat transfer component 1-22, and activated alumina (diameter 1-2 mm, specific surface area 270 m²) is filled on the catalyst support component 1-6. 2 / g)1.1kg (not shown). The areas filled with activated alumina are catalyst filling sections 1-8.

[0417] Insulating components 1-7 are disposed on the upper part filled with activated alumina.

[0418] Temperature sensor 1-15 is made to pass through the top of reactor 1-3, with its tip reaching the bottom surface of reactor 1-3. Temperature sensor 1-15 passes through the horizontal center of reactor 1-3. Additionally, hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 is made to pass through the top of reactor 1-3, with its hydrogen supply port 1-500 reaching the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2.

[0419] Next, hydrogen gas is introduced from the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 into the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 at a flow rate of 1.0 L / min.

[0420] Next, the temperature of the covered heater 1-4 is set to 200°C and the temperature of the sheath heater 1-9 is set to 400°C to heat the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 and the catalyst filling section 1-8, respectively.

[0421] As a result, the sulfur filled in the liquid sulfur filling section 1-2 becomes liquid, and sulfur vapor is generated from the liquid sulfur. Additionally, the activated alumina filled in the catalyst filling section 1-8 is heated. Hydrogen sulfide gas is generated from the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pipe 1-5 and the generated sulfur vapor.

[0422] (Refer to Example 1)

[0423] Except for the heat insulation components 1-7 and the heat transfer components 1-22, the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-31 is constructed in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce hydrogen sulfide gas. The configuration of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus 1-31 is shown below. Figure 1-5 .

[0424] In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 and Reference Example 1, the temperatures of each region of reactor 1-3, measured by temperature sensors 1-15 150 minutes after the start of heating, are shown below. Figure 1-6 .

[0425] according to Figure 1-6 In the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Example 1, which has insulation and heat transfer components, the temperature of the catalyst packing section is greater than 400°C. On the other hand, in the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus of Reference Example 1, which does not have insulation and heat transfer components, the temperature of the catalyst packing section is lower than 400°C compared to Example 1. Therefore, it should be understood that the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatuses of Embodiments 1-2 maintain the interior of the catalyst packing section at a high temperature, enabling more efficient and stable production of hydrogen sulfide.

[0426] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0427] 1-1 Hydrogen sulfide manufacturing unit

[0428] 1-2 Liquid sulfur filling section

[0429] 1-3 Reactors

[0430] 1-4 Covered heater

[0431] 1-5 Hydrogen supply pipe

[0432] 1-6 Catalyst Support Components

[0433] 1-7 Thermal Insulation Components

[0434] 1-8 Catalyst packing section

[0435] 1-9 Sheathed Heater

[0436] 1-10 Hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe

[0437] 1-11 Pressure regulating valve

[0438] 1-12 Hydrogen sulfide detector

[0439] 1-13 Hydrogen supply regulating valve

[0440] 1-14 Hydrogen sulfide recovery regulating valve

[0441] 1-15 Temperature Sensor

[0442] 1-21 Hydrogen sulfide manufacturing unit

[0443] 1-22 Heat transfer components

[0444] 1-31 Hydrogen sulfide manufacturing unit

[0445] 1-51 Connecting Holes

[0446] 1-161 Connecting Hole

[0447] 1-162 Through-hole for hydrogen supply pipe

[0448] 1-163 Through-hole for temperature sensor

[0449] 1-171 Connecting Hole

[0450] 1-172 Through-hole for hydrogen supply pipe

[0451] 1-173 Through-hole for temperature sensor

[0452] 1-500 Hydrogen Supply Port

[0453] 2-1 Hydrogen sulfide manufacturing unit

[0454] 2-2 Liquid sulfur filling section

[0455] 2-3 Reactor

[0456] 2-4 Covered heater

[0457] 2-5 Hydrogen supply pipe

[0458] 2-6 Catalyst Support Components

[0459] 2-7 Thermal Insulation Components

[0460] 2-8 Catalyst packing section

[0461] 2-9 Sheathed heater

[0462] 2-10 Hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe

[0463] 2-11 Pressure regulating valve

[0464] 2-12 Hydrogen sulfide detector

[0465] 2-13 Hydrogen supply regulating valve

[0466] 2-14 Hydrogen sulfide recovery regulating valve

[0467] 2-15 Temperature Sensor

[0468] 2-21 Hydrogen sulfide manufacturing unit

[0469] 2-22 Heat transfer components

[0470] 2-161 Connecting Hole

[0471] 2-162 Through-hole for hydrogen supply pipe

[0472] 2-163 Through-hole for temperature sensor

[0473] 2-171 Connecting Hole

[0474] 2-172 Through-hole for hydrogen supply pipe

[0475] 2-173 Through-hole for temperature sensor

[0476] 2-500 Hydrogen Supply Port

[0477] 3-1 Hydrogen sulfide manufacturing unit

[0478] 3-2 Liquid sulfur filling section

[0479] 3-3 Reactor

[0480] 3-4 Covered heater

[0481] 3-5 Hydrogen supply pipe

[0482] 3-6 Catalyst Support Components

[0483] 3-7 Liquid sulfur supply pipe

[0484] 3-8 Catalyst packing section

[0485] 3-9 Sheathed heater

[0486] 3-10 Hydrogen sulfide recovery pipe

[0487] 3-11 Pressure regulating valve

[0488] 3-12 Hydrogen sulfide detector

[0489] 3-13 Hydrogen supply regulating valve

[0490] 3-14 Hydrogen sulfide recovery regulating valve

[0491] 3-15 Temperature Sensor

[0492] 3-16 Heating mechanism for sulfur container

[0493] 3-17 Sulfur containment container

[0494] 3-18 Anti-backflow gas supply component; 3-19 Liquid sulfur supply regulating valve

[0495] 3-21 Hydrogen sulfide manufacturing unit

[0496] 3-22 Heat transfer components

[0497] 3-161 Connecting Hole

[0498] 3-162 Through-hole for hydrogen supply pipe

[0499] 3-163 Through-hole for temperature sensor

[0500] 3-500 Hydrogen Supply Port

[0501] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2021-091943, 2021-091944 and 2021-091945, filed on May 31, 2021, the entire contents of which are included herein.

[0502] In addition to the embodiments described above, the present invention also discloses the following hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus and method.

[0503] [A1] A hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus, comprising: a hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus for producing hydrogen sulfide by reacting sulfur vapor with hydrogen gas, and having:

[0504] The reactor has a liquid sulfur filling section inside;

[0505] The first heating mechanism heats liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor; and

[0506] The hydrogen supply component is connected to the aforementioned reactor.

[0507] The reactor contains a catalyst support component disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section and an insulation component disposed above the catalyst support component.

[0508] It also has a second heating mechanism for heating the space formed by the catalyst support component, the insulation component, and the inner wall of the reactor.

[0509] In or around a portion of the aforementioned heat insulation component, the upper space of the aforementioned heat insulation component is in communication with the lower space.

[0510] [A2] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [A1] above,

[0511] The aforementioned heat insulation component is a metal substrate or a ceramic substrate with connecting holes.

[0512] [A3] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [A1] or [A2] above,

[0513] It also has a heat transfer component that is configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component.

[0514] [A4] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in any one of [A1] to [A3] above,

[0515] The inner surface of the device is treated with sulfur resistance.

[0516] [A5] A method for producing hydrogen sulfide, characterized in that sulfur vapor is reacted with hydrogen gas using any one of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus described in any one of [A1] to [A4] above.

[0517] [B1] A hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus, comprising:

[0518] The reactor has a liquid sulfur filling section inside;

[0519] The first heating mechanism heats liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor; and

[0520] The hydrogen supply component is connected to the aforementioned reactor.

[0521] The reactor contains a catalyst support member disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section and an insulation member disposed between the catalyst support member and the liquid sulfur filling section.

[0522] It also has a second heating mechanism for heating the catalyst support member and the space above the catalyst support member.

[0523] In or around a portion of the aforementioned heat insulation component, the upper space of the aforementioned heat insulation component is in communication with the lower space.

[0524] [B2] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [B1] above,

[0525] The aforementioned heat insulation component is a metal substrate or a ceramic substrate with connecting holes.

[0526] [B3] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [B1] or [B2] above,

[0527] It also has a heat transfer component that is configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component.

[0528] [B4] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in any one of [B1] to [B3] above,

[0529] The inner surface of the device is treated with sulfur resistance.

[0530] [B5] A method for producing hydrogen sulfide, characterized in that,

[0531] In any one of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatuses described in [B1] to [B4] above, sulfur vapor is reacted with hydrogen gas.

[0532] [C1] A hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus, comprising:

[0533] The reactor has a liquid sulfur filling section inside;

[0534] The first heating mechanism heats liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor;

[0535] Hydrogen supply components are connected to the aforementioned reactor; and

[0536] The liquid sulfur supply component is connected to the aforementioned liquid sulfur filling section.

[0537] The reactor described above has a catalyst support component disposed above the liquid sulfur filling section.

[0538] It also has a second heating mechanism for heating the space formed by the catalyst support component and the inner wall of the reactor.

[0539] [C2] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [C1] above,

[0540] The system includes a sulfur container and a sulfur container heating mechanism for heating the sulfur container.

[0541] The sulfur container and the liquid sulfur filling part are connected by the liquid sulfur supply component.

[0542] [C3] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in [C2] above,

[0543] The aforementioned liquid sulfur supply component has a backflow prevention gas supply component to prevent the backflow of hydrogen sulfide gas.

[0544] [C4] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in any one of [C1] to [C3] above,

[0545] It also has a heat transfer component that is configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component.

[0546] [C5] The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in any one of [C1] to [C4] above,

[0547] The inner surface of the device is treated with sulfur resistance.

[0548] [C6] A method for producing hydrogen sulfide, characterized in that sulfur vapor is reacted with hydrogen gas using any one of the hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus described in any one of [C1] to [C5].

Claims

1. A hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus, comprising reacting sulfur vapor with hydrogen gas to produce hydrogen sulfide, wherein, The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus has the following features: The reactor has a liquid sulfur filling section inside; The first heating mechanism heats liquid sulfur to generate sulfur vapor; and The hydrogen supply component is connected to the reactor. The reactor also includes a catalyst support component positioned above the liquid sulfur filling section, on which a catalyst is loaded. The catalyst comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, zeolite, and activated alumina. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus also includes a heat insulation component disposed above the catalyst support component or between the catalyst support component and the liquid sulfur filling section. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus also has a heat transfer component configured to contact or be close to the lower surface of the catalyst support component.

2. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, A heat-insulating component is provided above the catalyst support component. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus also has a second heating mechanism for heating the space formed by the catalyst support component, the insulation component, and the inner wall of the reactor. The upper space of the insulation component is in communication with the lower space of the insulation component, either in part of the insulation component or around the insulation component.

3. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 2, wherein, The heat insulation component is a metal substrate or a ceramic substrate with connecting holes.

4. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 2 or 3, wherein, The inner surface of the device was treated with sulfur resistance.

5. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, A heat-insulating component is provided between the catalyst support component and the liquid sulfur filling component. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus also has a second heating mechanism for heating the catalyst support component and the space above the catalyst support component. The upper space of the insulation component is in communication with the lower space of the insulation component, either in part of the insulation component or around the insulation component.

6. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 5, wherein, The heat insulation component is a metal substrate or a ceramic substrate with connecting holes.

7. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 5 or 6, wherein, The inner surface of the device was treated with sulfur resistance.

8. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus also includes a liquid sulfur supply component connected to the liquid sulfur filling section. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus also has a second heating mechanism for heating the space formed by the catalyst support component and the inner wall of the reactor.

9. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 8, wherein, The system includes a sulfur container and a sulfur container heating mechanism for heating the sulfur container. The sulfur container and the liquid sulfur filling part are connected through the liquid sulfur supply component.

10. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 8 or 9, wherein, The liquid sulfur supply component has a backflow prevention gas supply component to prevent the backflow of hydrogen sulfide gas.

11. The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus as described in claim 8 or 9, wherein, The inner surface of the device was treated with sulfur resistance.

12. A method for producing hydrogen sulfide, characterized in that, The hydrogen sulfide manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is used to react sulfur vapor with hydrogen gas.

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