Active wind resistance and ventilation and heat dissipation system for building photovoltaics and intelligent control method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to an active wind resistance and ventilation and heat dissipation system for building photovoltaics and an intelligent control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of architecture, comprising a roof, wherein the upper end of the roof is provided with a plurality of array-distributed photovoltaic panels, the photovoltaic panels and the roof are both provided with telescopic supports, the periphery of the photovoltaic panels is provided with a parapet wall which is perpendicular to the roof, and the parapet wall is provided with a heat dissipation grille which is communicated with the photovoltaic panels. The application has the characteristics of compact structure, good stability and low wind load. The application changes the wind load borne by the photovoltaic panels and the airflow speed at the back of the photovoltaic panels by changing the clearance height of the photovoltaic panels and the roof, changing the height of the wind baffle at the roof ridge and the opening and closing of the grille, so that the wind resistance performance and the heat dissipation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of architectural technology, specifically to an active wind-resistant and ventilation-heating system for building photovoltaics and its intelligent control method. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation refers to the method of generating electricity by directly converting solar radiation into electrical energy. Because solar radiation is inexhaustible and the energy conversion process of photovoltaic power generation is simple, direct, energy-efficient, noise-free, and pollution-free, it is an ideal clean and sustainable energy source. Densely populated urban areas face the dual challenges of electricity shortages and land scarcity. Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) has advantages such as small footprint, rapid construction, and low investment, and has enormous development potential.

[0003] However, its power generation capacity and lifespan are affected by external environmental factors, especially temperature and wind. The heat generated during building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) operation accumulates on the back surface of the photovoltaic panels, causing a temperature increase and reducing power generation efficiency. For every 1°C increase in panel temperature, the conversion efficiency decreases by 0.4–0.5%. Compared to ground-mounted power plants, BIPV modules have poorer airflow on the back, resulting in the modules operating at high temperatures for extended periods, significantly reducing their lifespan. Furthermore, BIPV is more susceptible to strong winds than ground-mounted power plants, with greater wind loads on the modules, making them highly vulnerable to being blown off roofs. This not only causes direct economic losses but may also endanger the safety of nearby residents.

[0004] The patent specification with publication number CN105280740A discloses a photovoltaic module with active heat dissipation, which, from top to bottom, includes a stacked glass layer, a first EVA layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, a second EVA layer, and a backsheet. The backsheet is a semiconductor cooling device with cooling function, which, from top to bottom, includes a heat-absorbing plate, a P / N type semiconductor, and a heat sink. The two ends of the P / N type semiconductor are respectively connected to metal electrodes and connected to a DC power supply.

[0005] The patent specification with publication number CN114285373A discloses a heat dissipation device for a photovoltaic module, including a water tank, a conduit, and an airbag. The water tank is located on the back side of the photovoltaic module and contains coolant. The inlet end of the conduit is connected to the water tank, and the outlet end extends to the upper part of the higher end of the photovoltaic module's light-facing surface. The airbag is immersed in the coolant. When the coolant rises to a preset temperature, the airbag expands and sprays the coolant from the outlet end onto the photovoltaic module.

[0006] Existing building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) cooling solutions suffer from numerous drawbacks, including high cost, insufficient stability, inadequate waterproofing, and lack of flexibility in assembly and disassembly. Furthermore, current PV systems primarily enhance wind resistance by reinforcing structural components to improve load-bearing capacity, lacking solutions that address the root cause of wind load reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an active wind-resistant and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and its intelligent control method. This system features a compact structure, high stability, and low wind load. By actively altering the clearance between the photovoltaic panel and the roof, and by changing the height of the windbreaks at the eaves and the opening and closing of the grilles, the wind load on the photovoltaic panel and the airflow velocity behind it are modified, thereby improving the wind resistance and heat dissipation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0008] The above-mentioned technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] An active wind-resistant and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) includes a roof with an array of photovoltaic panels at its upper end. Telescopic supports are installed between the photovoltaic panels and the roof. A parapet wall perpendicular to the roof surrounds the photovoltaic panels, and the parapet wall has heat dissipation grilles connected to the photovoltaic panels. By adjusting the clearance between the photovoltaic panels and the roof using the telescopic supports, and by opening and closing and raising / lowering the wind-resistant panels on the parapet wall, ventilation and heat dissipation are achieved, reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic panels and improving the efficiency and lifespan of the photovoltaic system.

[0010] Preferably, the lower end of the roof is equipped with a controller that is connected to the electric telescopic support for road control, and the upper side of the roof is equipped with an anemometer that is connected to the controller by circuit.

[0011] Preferably, a thermometer connected to the controller circuit is provided between the photovoltaic panels.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end of the parapet wall is provided with a windbreak plate that is movably connected and fixed to the parapet wall.

[0013] Preferably, the wind deflector has a corrugated, raised, or recessed shape to increase resistance and turbulence effect, thereby reducing the force of the wind.

[0014] Preferably, the wind deflector can change the airflow path by adjusting its tilt angle, arrangement, or layout, so that it bypasses the photovoltaic panel or reduces lateral impact.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic support adopts an electric telescopic rod structure, a hydraulic lifting structure, or a pneumatic lifting structure.

[0016] A smart control method for an active wind resistance and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Obtain relevant information through thermometers and anemometers and transmit it to the controller.

[0018] Step 2: When the thermometer detects that the temperature is too high, the controller drives the parapet wall to open the heat dissipation grille for ventilation and heat dissipation; if the anemometer detects a low wind speed, the controller gives the telescopic bracket a command to raise it, so that the photovoltaic panel is raised above the height of the parapet wall; if the anemometer detects that the wind speed exceeds the standard, the telescopic bracket remains in the retracted state.

[0019] Step 3: When the anemometer detects that the wind speed is overloaded, the controller sends a control signal to the wind deflector, causing the heat dissipation grille to close, and at the same time the wind deflector on the parapet wall to open or rise.

[0020] Step 4: When the anemometer detects that the wind speed is overloaded and the thermometer detects that the temperature is too high, the wind deflector on the parapet wall remains open or raised. Then, the telescopic bracket is raised through the controller, and the heat dissipation grille opens.

[0021] The present invention can achieve the following effects:

[0022] This invention provides an active wind resistance and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and its intelligent control method. Compared with existing technologies, it features a compact structure, good stability, and low wind load. By actively altering the clearance between the photovoltaic panel and the roof, and by changing the height of the windbreak at the eaves and the opening and closing of the grille, the wind load on the photovoltaic panel and the airflow velocity behind the panel are changed, thereby improving the wind resistance and heat dissipation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic system connection structure of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Parapet wall; 2. Windbreak panel; 3. Photovoltaic panel; 4. Thermometer; 5. Roof; 6. Anemometer; 7. Heat dissipation grille; 8. Telescopic bracket; 9. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Example: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an active wind-resistant and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) includes a roof 5. Six photovoltaic panels 3 arranged in an array are mounted on the upper part of the roof 5. Telescopic supports 8 are installed between the photovoltaic panels 3 and the roof 5. The telescopic supports 8 employ an electric telescopic rod structure, a hydraulic lifting structure, or a pneumatic lifting structure. A parapet wall 1 perpendicular to the roof 5 is installed around the photovoltaic panels 3. A windbreak 2, movably connected and fixed to the upper part of the parapet wall 1, is installed. The windbreak 2 has a corrugated, raised, or recessed shape to increase resistance and turbulence, thereby reducing wind force. The windbreak 2 can change the wind flow path by adjusting its tilt angle, arrangement, or configuration, causing it to bypass the photovoltaic panels or reducing lateral impact. A heat dissipation grille 7 connected to the photovoltaic panels 3 is installed on the parapet wall 1. A controller 9 connected to the electric telescopic supports 8 is located at the lower part of the roof 5, and an anemometer 6 connected to the controller 9 is located on the upper side of the roof 5. A thermometer 4 connected to the controller 9 is located between the photovoltaic panels 3.

[0028] A smart control method for an active wind resistance and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Obtain relevant information through thermometer 4 and anemometer 6 and transmit it to controller 9.

[0030] Step 2: When thermometer 4 detects that the temperature is too high, controller 9 drives parapet wall 1 to open heat dissipation grille 7 for ventilation and heat dissipation; if anemometer 6 detects a low wind speed, controller 9 gives telescopic bracket 8 a lifting command, so that photovoltaic panel 3 rises above the height of parapet wall 1; if anemometer 6 detects that the wind speed exceeds the standard, telescopic bracket 8 remains in the retracted state.

[0031] Step 3: When the anemometer 6 detects that the wind speed is overloaded, the controller 9 sends a control signal to the wind deflector 2, causing the heat dissipation grille 7 to close, and at the same time the wind deflector 2 on the parapet wall 1 to open or rise.

[0032] Step 4: When the anemometer 6 detects that the wind speed is overloaded and the thermometer 4 detects that the temperature is too high, the wind deflector 2 on the parapet wall 1 remains open or raised. Then, the telescopic bracket 8 is raised through the controller 9, and the heat dissipation grille 7 is opened.

[0033] In summary, this active wind resistance and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and its intelligent control method feature a compact structure, good stability, and low wind load. By actively altering the clearance between the photovoltaic panel and the roof, and by changing the height of the windbreak at the eaves and the opening and closing of the grille, the wind load on the photovoltaic panel and the airflow velocity behind the panel are changed, thereby improving the wind resistance and heat dissipation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0034] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are covered by the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent control method for an active wind resistance and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), characterized in that: The active wind resistance and ventilation heat dissipation system for building photovoltaics includes a roof (5), on which a number of photovoltaic panels (3) are arranged in an array at the upper end of the roof (5). Telescopic brackets (8) are provided between the photovoltaic panels (3) and the roof (5). A parapet wall (1) perpendicular to the roof (5) is provided around the photovoltaic panels (3). A heat dissipation grille (7) connected to the photovoltaic panels (3) is provided on the parapet wall (1). A controller (9) connected to the electric telescopic brackets (8) is provided at the lower end of the roof (5). An anemometer (6) connected to the controller (9) is provided on the upper side of the roof (5). A thermometer (4) connected to the controller (9) is provided between the photovoltaic panels (3). A windbreak plate (2) is provided at the upper end of the parapet wall (1) and is movably connected and fixed to the parapet wall (1). The windbreak plate (2) changes the flow path of the wind by adjusting the tilt angle or the arrangement, so that it bypasses the photovoltaic panels or reduces the lateral impact. The intelligent control method for building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) active wind resistance and ventilation / heat dissipation systems includes the following operational steps: Step 1: Obtain relevant information through thermometer (4) and anemometer (6) and transmit it to controller (9); Step 2: When the thermometer (4) detects that the temperature is too high, the controller (9) drives the parapet wall (1) to open the heat dissipation grille (7) for ventilation and heat dissipation; if the anemometer (6) detects a low wind speed, the controller (9) gives the telescopic bracket (8) a lifting command, so that the photovoltaic panel (3) rises above the height of the parapet wall (1); if the anemometer (6) detects that the wind speed exceeds the standard, the telescopic bracket (8) remains in the retracted state. Step 3: When the anemometer (6) detects that the wind speed is overloaded, the controller (9) gives the wind deflector (2) a control signal, so that the heat dissipation grille (7) is closed, and at the same time the wind deflector (2) on the parapet wall (1) is opened or raised. Step 4: When the anemometer (6) detects that the wind speed is overloaded and the thermometer (4) detects that the temperature is too high, the wind deflector (2) on the parapet wall (1) remains open or raised. Then the telescopic bracket (8) is raised through the controller (9) and the heat dissipation grille (7) is opened.

2. The intelligent control method for the active wind resistance and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind deflector (2) adopts a corrugated, raised or recessed shape structure to increase resistance and turbulence effect, thereby reducing the force of the wind.

3. The intelligent control method for the active wind resistance and ventilation / heat dissipation system for building-integrated photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic support (8) adopts an electric telescopic rod structure, a hydraulic lifting structure or a pneumatic lifting structure.

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