A gear box assembly process

Abstract

The application provides a gear box assembly process method, and belongs to the technical field of gear boxes. The method comprises the following steps: heating a gear, using a mechanical hand to grab the gear, mounting an axle on an axle positioning tool, starting a lifting mechanism, and mounting the gear on the axle to form an axle gear assembly. The axle gear assembly is grabbed by the mechanical hand and rotated to a horizontal state, and then placed on a cantilever of an RGV. The RGV transports the axle gear assembly to a runout detection station for detection. The RGV drives the axle gear assembly to move to a bearing and oil slinger assembly station, clamps the gear using a clamping tool, uses the RGV to lift the axle gear assembly, and transports the axle gear assembly to a gear box play detection station. The gear box assembly process method provided by the application uses a crane for lifting operation, and only the mechanical hand and the RGV control the axle to complete vertical and horizontal action switching, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the gear box and eliminating the existing safety hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gearbox technology, and more specifically, relates to a gearbox assembly process. Background Technology

[0002] Gearbox assembly is a crucial step in the assembly of railway vehicle bogies. Due to its varied structural forms and high assembly precision requirements, manual assembly is currently the standard practice in the industry. During assembly, the large gear is first heated to a preset temperature, then removed and placed on an assembly fixture. Heating causes the hub hole of the large gear to expand. A crane is then used to lift the axle and vertically insert it into the heated hub hole. After the large gear cools, a crane lifts the axle and lays it flat. The bearing inner ring and oil slinger ring are then fitted in from both sides. Because the large gear is on one side of the axle, the support width cannot guarantee the axle's horizontal position. A crane is required to assemble the inner ring and oil slinger ring. Subsequent assembly of the gearbox housing and bearing outer ring also requires crane assistance, involving multiple lifting operations. Finally, during the gearbox clearance test, the axle and gearbox must be vertically lifted again, requiring a significant amount of time and crane time to complete the clearance measurement. The aforementioned production method is time-consuming, inefficient, and cumbersome in terms of hoisting resources. Furthermore, the gearbox assembly process requires extensive control of the axles of the overhead crane and other lifting equipment, posing safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gearbox assembly process to solve the technical problems of cumbersome, inefficient, and potentially dangerous gearbox assembly operations in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a gearbox assembly process method, comprising:

[0005] S1: Install a slide rail and a robot arm on the slide rail on one side of the axle positioning fixture, and set up the runout detection stage, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly stage, and the gearbox clearance detection stage in sequence, and set up RGVs corresponding to the runout detection stage, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly stage, and the gearbox clearance detection stage.

[0006] S2: Heat the gear, and use a robotic arm to pick up the heated gear and place it on the axle positioning fixture; use a robotic arm to pick up the axle and install it on the axle positioning fixture, the axle being vertically positioned and located directly above the gear;

[0007] S3: Activate the lifting mechanism on the axle positioning fixture to install the gears on the axle to form an axle gear assembly, and cool the axle gear assembly;

[0008] S4: Use a robotic arm to grab the axle gear assembly, rotate it to a horizontal position, and then place it on the cantilever of the RGV; the RGV transports the axle gear assembly to the runout testing station for testing;

[0009] S5: The RGV drives the axle gear assembly to the bearing and oil slinger assembly station. The clamping fixture on the bearing and oil slinger assembly station clamps the gear, so that both ends of the axle are in a cantilever state; the bearing and oil slinger are installed on the axle.

[0010] S6: Use an RGV to lift the axle gear assembly and transport it to the gearbox clearance testing station. Then, place the axle gear assembly on the gearbox clearance testing station for testing.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the axle positioning fixture includes a support frame, a support plate mounted on the support frame, a lifting mechanism, and an auxiliary positioning mechanism mounted on the lifting mechanism, the auxiliary positioning mechanism being mounted above the support plate; the gear is mounted on the support plate, and the auxiliary positioning mechanism includes a clamping arm for clamping and fixing the end of the axle; the support plate is provided with a communicating hole coaxially arranged with the gear.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the support frame includes a long strip mounting base and a long strip side plate fixed on the long strip mounting base. The support plate is a long strip structure and is mounted on the long strip mounting base. The lifting mechanism is mounted on the long strip side plate. There are multiple lifting mechanisms and auxiliary positioning mechanisms, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the elongated mounting base is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is provided with multiple three-jaw chucks and multiple lifters. The three-jaw chucks are used to connect to the lower end of the axle; the lifters are connected to the support plate, and the lifters are provided with displacement sensors.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the support plate is further provided with a rotary pressing mechanism, located on the outer side of the gear, for pressing the gear onto the support plate.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the RGV includes a ground guide rail, a support seat slidably connected to the ground guide rail, a cross slide and a cantilever fixedly installed on the side of the support seat; the length direction of the ground guide rail is consistent with the arrangement direction of the runout detection platform, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform and the gearbox clearance detection platform; there are two cantilever arms, both fixedly installed on the cross slide, the two cantilever arms are arranged in parallel with a gap, and each cantilever arm is provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove adapted to the outer side of the axle.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station includes a base and two vises fixedly mounted on the base; the two vises are spaced apart in a direction away from the RGV; the clamping fixture includes four clamping plates, which are arranged in pairs and respectively mounted on the free and fixed ends of the two vises; the gear is clamped between the four clamping plates; the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station includes a support bracket mounted on one end of the base, the support bracket having two rotating rollers arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the end of the axle away from the vises being supported on the two rotating rollers; the base has a slewing mechanism, and the two vises are mounted on the slewing mechanism; one end of the base has a lifter, and the support bracket is mounted on the lifter.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the gearbox clearance detection table includes a frame, a sliding limiting mechanism, a drive mechanism, a force application mechanism, and a gearbox fixing frame. The frame has a first support and a second support at both ends, and both the first and second supports are equipped with roller assemblies. The two ends of the axle gear assembly are supported on the two roller assemblies. Two sliding limiting mechanisms are installed on the first and second supports respectively. A drive mechanism is installed on one of the sliding limiting mechanisms. The drive mechanism is used to drive one end of the axle and to rotate the axle. Two force application mechanisms are installed on the frame and located between the first and second supports. The two force application mechanisms apply two horizontal and perpendicular forces. The gearbox fixing frame is installed on the force application mechanism and has a clearance notch for avoiding the axle and connecting to the gearbox. The force application mechanism is used to move the gearbox fixing frame.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the force-applying mechanism includes a first sliding plate, a first push-pull device, a second sliding plate, and a second push-pull device. The first sliding plate and the first push-pull device are mounted on the frame, and the first push-pull device is used to push the first sliding plate to slide. The second sliding plate and the second push-pull device are mounted on the first sliding plate, and the second push-pull device is used to push the second sliding plate to slide. The sliding directions of the first sliding plate and the second sliding plate are perpendicular to each other. The housing fixing frame is fixedly mounted on the second sliding plate. The first sliding plate is provided with a follower support block for supporting the housing. The follower support block is slidably connected to the first sliding plate and has a degree of freedom to move along the axle length direction. The housing fixing frame includes a base plate and vertical plates arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the base plate. The base plate is fixedly mounted on the second sliding plate. The housing is located above the base plate and between the two vertical plates. Both vertical plates are provided with the clearance notch. A toggle block is provided on the side of the two vertical plates that are close to each other.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the sliding limiting mechanism mounted on the first bracket includes a sliding block, a drive shaft rotatably connected to the sliding block, and a linear driver connected to the sliding block; the end of the axle is provided with a transmission hole that is tractively connected to the drive shaft; the driving mechanism includes a drive motor, a drive gear, and a driven gear; the drive motor is mounted on the sliding block; the drive gear is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor; the driven gear is tractively connected to the drive shaft, and the driven gear meshes with the drive gear; the sliding limiting mechanism mounted on the second bracket includes a sliding block, a pin rotatably connected to the sliding block, and a linear driver connected to the sliding block.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the gearbox assembly process provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, in the gearbox assembly process of this invention, during operation, a robotic arm is used to successively grasp the gear and axle and place them on the axle positioning fixture. A lifting mechanism is used to control the axle and gear to engage and install. Then, the robotic arm grasps the axle gear assembly and rotates it to a horizontal position, subsequently placing it on the RGV. The RGC transports the axle gear assembly, which then passes through a runout detection station, a bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station, and a gearbox clearance detection station for testing and installation. During the RGV transport vehicle axle gear assembly, when the axle gear assembly is on the bearing and oil slinger assembly platform, the clamping fixture on the bearing and oil slinger assembly platform clamps the gear to ensure that the axle is in a horizontal position and to ensure the installation of the bearing and oil slinger. When the RGV transports the axle gear assembly, the axle gear assembly is supported by the cantilever on the RGV, without the need for multiple lifting operations using cranes or overhead cranes. The vertical and horizontal movement switching is completed by the robot arm and RGV controlling the axle, which improves the assembly efficiency of the gearbox and eliminates the existing safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the RGV structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axle positioning fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gearbox clearance detection stage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the axle gear assembly, the force application mechanism, and the housing fixing frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the connection of the first bracket, the sliding limiting mechanism, and the driving mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second bracket and the sliding limiting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0032] 1. Axle positioning fixture; 11. Support frame; 12. Support plate; 13. Lifting mechanism; 14. Auxiliary positioning mechanism; 141. Clamping arm; 15. Long strip mounting base; 16. Long strip side plate; 17. Three-jaw chuck; 18. Lifter; 19. Rotary clamping mechanism; 2. RGV; 21. Cantilever; 22. Support base; 23. Cross slide; 24. Arc-shaped limit groove; 3. Bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform; 31. Base; 32. Vise; 33. Clamping plate; 34. Support bracket; 35. Rotating roller; 36. Rotary mechanism; 37. Lifter; 4. Gear; 5. Car 6. Shaft; 6. Frame; 61. First support; 62. Second support; 63. Roller assembly; 64. Box fixing frame; 65. Clearance notch; 66. Base plate; 67. Vertical plate; 68. Connecting rod; 7. Sliding limit mechanism; 71. Sliding block; 72. Drive shaft; 73. Linear driver; 74. Ejector pin; 8. Drive mechanism; 81. Drive motor; 82. Drive gear; 83. Driven gear; 9. Force application mechanism; 91. First sliding plate; 92. First push-pull device; 93. Second sliding plate; 94. Second push-pull device; 95. Transition plate; 96. Follower support block. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 9The gearbox assembly process provided by this invention will now be described. A gearbox assembly process includes: S1: Installing a slide rail and a robot arm mounted on the slide rail on one side of the axle positioning fixture 1; sequentially setting up a runout detection platform, a bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform 3, and a gearbox clearance detection platform; and setting up an RGV2 corresponding to the runout detection platform, bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform 3, and gearbox clearance detection platform; S2: Heating the gear 4, and using the robot arm to grasp the heated gear 4 and place it on the axle positioning fixture 1; using the robot arm to grasp the axle 5 and install it on the axle positioning fixture 1, with the axle 5 vertically positioned and directly above the gear 4; S3: Activating the lifting mechanism 13 on the axle positioning fixture 1, causing the gear 4 to be fitted onto the axle 5 to form an axle 5 and gear 4 assembly. S: Use a robotic arm to grab the axle 5 gear 4 assembly and rotate it to a horizontal position, then place it on the cantilever 21 of the RGV2; transport the axle 5 gear 4 assembly to the runout testing station by the RGV2 for testing; S: The RGV2 moves the axle 5 gear 4 assembly to the bearing and oil slinger assembly station 3, where the clamping fixture on the bearing and oil slinger assembly station 3 clamps the gear 4, so that both ends of the axle 5 are in the cantilever 21 state; install the bearing and oil slinger on the axle 5; S: Use the RGV2 to lift the axle 5 gear 4 assembly and transport it to the gearbox clearance testing station, and place the axle 5 gear 4 assembly on the gearbox clearance testing station for testing.

[0038] The gearbox assembly process provided by this invention, compared with the prior art, involves using a robotic arm to sequentially grasp the gear 4 and axle 5 and place them on the axle positioning fixture 1. A lifting mechanism 13 controls the engagement and installation of the axle 5 and gear 4. Then, the robotic arm grasps the axle 5 and gear 4 assembly and rotates it to a horizontal position before placing it on the RGV2. The RGV2 transport vehicle moves the axle 5 and gear 4 assembly, successively passing through a runout detection platform, a bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform 3, and a gearbox clearance detection platform for testing and installation. The assembly is then transported by the RGV2 transport vehicle. When the axle 5 gear 4 assembly is on the bearing and oil slinger assembly station 3, the gear 4 is clamped by the clamping fixture on the bearing and oil slinger assembly station 3 to ensure that the axle 5 is in a horizontal position and to ensure the installation of the bearing and oil slinger. When the RGV2 transports the axle 5 gear 4 assembly, the cantilever 21 on the RGV2 supports the axle 5 gear 4 assembly, without the need for multiple lifting operations using lifting equipment or overhead cranes. The robot arm and RGV2 control the axle 5 to complete the vertical and horizontal movement switching, which improves the assembly efficiency of the gear box 4 and eliminates the existing safety hazards.

[0039] RGV2 refers to Rail Guided Vehicle, also known as a rail shuttle. RGV2 can be used in warehouses with various high-density storage methods. The vehicle aisles can be designed to any length, increasing the overall storage capacity of the warehouse. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for forklifts to enter the aisles during operation, thus enhancing safety. After installing bearings and oil slingers, the axle 5 and gear 4 assembly is used for the box closing operation.

[0040] Please see Figure 4 As a specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by the present invention, the axle positioning fixture 1 includes a support frame 11, a support plate 12 mounted on the support frame 11, a lifting mechanism 13, and an auxiliary positioning mechanism 14 mounted on the lifting mechanism 13. The auxiliary positioning mechanism 14 is mounted above the support plate 12. The gear 4 is mounted on the support plate 12. The auxiliary positioning mechanism 14 includes a clamping arm 141 for clamping and fixing the end of the axle 5. The support plate 12 is provided with a communicating hole arranged coaxially with the gear 4. The gear 4 is mounted on the support plate 12 using a robot arm, and the gear 4 is laid flat. The axle 5 is placed above the gear 4 using a robot arm, and the upper end of the axle 5 is clamped using the clamping arm 141. The central axis of the axle 5 is collinear with the central axis of the gear 4. Since the clamping arm 141 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 13, the lifting mechanism 13 is activated to drive the clamping arm 141 and the axle 5 to move downward and control the axle 5 to pass into the gear 4, thereby realizing the hot mounting of the axle 5 and the gear 4. The support frame 11 is equipped with a guide rail for connecting to the lifting mechanism 13, which adopts a motor and chain structure. After the axle 5 and gear 4 are assembled, they are cooled to ensure that the axle 5 and gear 4 are securely connected together.

[0041] Please see Figure 4 As a specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by the present invention, the support frame 11 includes a long strip mounting base 15 and a long strip side plate 16 fixed on the long strip mounting base 15. The support plate 12 is a long strip structure and is mounted on the long strip mounting base 15. The lifting mechanism 13 is mounted on the long strip side plate 16. There are multiple lifting mechanisms 13 and auxiliary positioning mechanisms 14, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The long strip mounting base 15 and the long strip side plate 16 are L-shaped structures. The length direction of the long strip mounting base 15 is the same as the length direction of the slide rail and is mounted on one side of the slide rail. The long strip side plate 16 is fixed on one side of the upper end face of the long strip mounting base 15. The support plate 12 is mounted on the long strip mounting base 15, and the lifting mechanism 13 is mounted on the long strip side plate 16.

[0042] Please see Figure 5In one specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by the present invention, the elongated mounting base 15 has a hollow structure. Multiple three-jaw chucks 17 and multiple lifters 18 are provided within the hollow structure. The three-jaw chucks 17 are used to connect to the lower end of the axle 5. The lifters 18 are connected to the support plate 12 and are equipped with displacement sensors. The lower end of the axle 5 passes through the gear 4 and enters the hollow structure, activating the three-jaw chucks 17 to clamp the axle 5. The lifters 18 control the movement of the support plate 12 and the gear 4, thereby making the assembly of the axle 5 and the gear 4 more precise.

[0043] Please see Figure 4 As a specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by the present invention, the support plate 12 is further provided with a rotary pressing mechanism 19, which is located on the outer side of the gear 4, for pressing the gear 4 onto the support plate 12; after the gear 4 is placed on the support plate 12, the rotary pressing mechanism 19 is operated to position the gear 4 and prevent the gear 4 from moving. The rotary pressing mechanism 19 includes a rotating shaft and a pressure plate. The rotating shaft has a degree of freedom of vertical movement, thereby driving the pressure plate to press against the gear 4.

[0044] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by the present invention, the RGV2 includes a ground guide rail, a support seat 22 slidably connected to the ground guide rail, a cross slide 23 fixedly installed on the side of the support seat 22, and a cantilever 21. The length direction of the ground guide rail is consistent with the arrangement direction of the runout detection platform, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform 3, and the gearbox clearance detection platform. There are two cantilever 21s, both fixedly installed on the cross slide 23. The two cantilever 21s are arranged in parallel with a gap, and the cantilever 21 is provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove 24 that matches the outer side of the axle 5. The runout detection platform, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform 3, and the gearbox clearance detection platform are located on the same side of the ground guide rail. The support seat 22 is slidably connected to the ground guide rail and moves along the ground guide rail toward the runout detection platform, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform 3, and the gearbox clearance detection platform. A cross slide 23 is installed on the support base 22, and two cantilever arms 21 are fixed on the cross slide 23. Therefore, after the robot arm rotates the axle 5 gear 4 assembly to a horizontal position, the cross slide 23 moves the two cantilever arms 21 to a suitable position to support the axle 5 gear 4 assembly. Similarly, when the RGV2 drives the axle 5 gear 4 assembly to a position close to the runout detection stage, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly stage 3, and the gearbox clearance detection stage, the cross slide 23 drives the cantilever arms 21 to move, thereby completing the placement, installation, and testing of the axle 5 gear 4 assembly in the corresponding positions. Arc-shaped limiting grooves 24 are opened on the two cantilever arms 21, and the outer side of the axle 5 is fitted into the two arc-shaped limiting grooves 24 to improve the transport stability of the axle 5 gear 4 assembly by the cantilever arms 21.

[0045] Please see Figure 3 As a specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by the present invention, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station 3 includes a base 31 and two vises 32 fixedly mounted on the base 31; the two vises 32 are arranged at intervals in a direction away from RGV2; the clamping fixture includes four clamping plates 33, which are arranged in pairs and respectively mounted on the free end and fixed end of the two vises 32; the gear 4 is clamped between the four clamping plates 33; the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station 3 includes a support bracket 34 mounted on one end of the base 31, and two rotating rollers 35 are provided on the support bracket 34. The two rotating rollers 35 are arranged in parallel and at intervals, and the end of the axle 5 away from the vises 32 is supported on the two rotating rollers 35. A rotating mechanism 36 is provided on the base 31, and two vises 32 are installed on the rotating mechanism 36. A lifting device 37 is provided at one end of the base 31, and a support bracket 34 is installed on the lifting device 37. The axle 5 gear 4 assembly is lifted by the cantilever 21 of RGV2 and transported along the ground guide rail to the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform 3. The gear 4 on the axle 5 gear 4 assembly corresponds to the two vises 32. The axle 5 is located between the two vises 32. The two vises 32 are activated to control the relative movement of each set of clamping plates 33, so that the gear 4 is tightly clamped and fixed by the four clamping plates 33, so that the two ends of the axle 5 are in the cantilever 21 state, which makes it convenient for the staff to install the bearing and oil slinger ring at both ends of the axle 5. Because the axle 5 is quite long, its stability still needs improvement after using four clamping plates 33 to fix the gear 4. Therefore, a support bracket 34 is installed at the end of the base 31 away from the vise 32, and two rotating rollers 35 are installed on the upper end of the support bracket 34, so that the outer side of the axle 5 is supported on the two rotating rollers 35, improving the stability of the entire axle 5 gear 4 assembly. A rotating mechanism 36 is provided on the base 31 to drive the two vises 32 to move, adapting to the installation position of the axle 5 gear 4 assembly. At the same time, a lifting device 37 is installed at the other end of the base 31, and the support bracket 34 is fixed on the lifting device 37, so the height of the support bracket 34 and the rotating rollers 35 can be adjusted by means of the lifting device 37.

[0046] As a specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by this invention, the movement trajectory of the robot and the movement trajectory of RGV2 are L-shaped; a heating furnace is provided on the side of the slide rail away from the axle positioning fixture 1; when the robot moves laterally along the slide rail, it can conveniently remove the gear 4 from the heating furnace on one side and place it on the axle positioning fixture 1, saving working time and improving efficiency and safety. The L-shaped arrangement of the slide rail and the ground guide rail allows the robot to accurately and quickly transfer the axle 5 gear 4 assembly on the axle positioning fixture 1 to the RGV2. At the same time, this arrangement also greatly reduces the floor space required.

[0047] Please see Figures 6 to 9 As a specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by the present invention, the gearbox clearance detection stage includes a frame 6, a sliding limiting mechanism 7, a drive mechanism 8, a force application mechanism 9, and a gearbox fixing frame 64. The frame 6 has a first support 61 and a second support 62 at both ends, and roller assemblies 63 are provided on both the first support 61 and the second support 62. The two ends of the axle 5 and gear 4 assembly are respectively supported on the two roller assemblies 63. Two sliding limiting mechanisms 7 are installed on the first support 61 and the second support, respectively. 62; the drive mechanism 8 is mounted on a sliding limit mechanism 7; the drive mechanism 8 is used to drive one end of the axle 5 to rotate the axle 5; there are two force-applying mechanisms 9, both mounted on the frame 6 and located between the first bracket 61 and the second bracket 62, the two force-applying mechanisms 9 are used to apply two horizontal and perpendicular forces; the housing fixing frame 64 is mounted on the force-applying mechanism 9 and has a clearance notch 65 for avoiding the axle 5 and connecting to the housing; the force-applying mechanism 9 is used to drive the housing fixing frame 64 to move. When the axle 5 and gear 4 assembly are installed on the first bracket 61 and the second bracket 62 on the frame 6, the two ends of the axle 5 are supported on two support roller assemblies respectively, and a rotational connection is formed by the support roller assemblies. The second sliding plate 93 drives the housing fixing frame 64 to move closer to the housing, and the clearance notch 65 is installed to cooperate with the axle 5, thereby realizing the limiting connection between the housing fixing frame 64 and the outer side of the housing. Then, the second sliding plate 93 and the first sliding plate 91 are used to change the circumferential and radial positional relationship between the bearing and the axle 5 in the housing, thereby performing the clearance detection operation. Finally, the drive mechanism 8 is activated to drive the axle 5 to rotate, thereby changing the relative position of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, and performing the clearance detection operation. Through this operation method, the clearance detection process is carried out on the first bracket 61 and the second bracket 62, which has high safety. Under the condition of controlling the rotation of the axle 5, the housing and bearing are also adjusted in all directions by using the first sliding plate 91 and the second sliding plate 93 with perpendicular sliding directions, which improves the accuracy and completeness of clearance detection.

[0048] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7As a specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by the present invention, the force-applying mechanism 9 includes a first sliding plate 91, a first push-pull device 92, a second sliding plate 93, and a second push-pull device 94. The first sliding plate 91 and the first push-pull device 92 are mounted on the frame 6, and the first push-pull device 92 is used to push the first sliding plate 91 to slide; the second sliding plate 93 and the second push-pull device 94 are mounted on the first sliding plate 91, and the second push-pull device 94 is used to push the second sliding plate 93 to slide; the sliding directions of the first sliding plate 91 and the second sliding plate 93 are perpendicular; the gearbox fixing frame 64 is fixedly mounted on the second sliding plate 93; the first sliding plate 91 is provided with A follower support block 96 is provided to support the housing. The follower support block 96 is slidably connected to the first sliding plate 91 and has the freedom to move along the length of the axle 5. The housing fixing frame 64 includes a base plate 66 and vertical plates 67 arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the base plate 66. The base plate 66 is fixedly installed on the second sliding plate 93. The housing is located above the base plate 66 and between the two vertical plates 67. Both vertical plates 67 are provided with clearance notches 65. A toggle block is provided on the side of the two vertical plates 67 that are close to each other. The sliding direction of the first sliding plate 91 and the second sliding plate 93 is horizontal. The sliding directions are perpendicular; and under the action of the first pusher and the second pusher-puller 94, the first sliding plate 91 and the second sliding plate 93 can be controlled to move, thereby driving the housing fixing frame 64 to move towards or away from the housing, thereby achieving the contact limit between the housing fixing frame 64 and the outer side of the housing or to move away from the housing to avoid the installation position of the axle 5 gear 4 assembly; and under the action of the first pusher-puller 92 and the second pusher-puller 94, the housing fixing frame 64 is pressed against the housing, thereby changing the installation position of the bearing and the axle 5, which facilitates axial and radial oil gap detection; a follower support block located on one side of the second sliding plate 93 is installed on the first sliding plate 91. The housing 96 is a sliding support block 96 slidably connected to the first sliding plate 91, with its sliding direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the second sliding plate 93. The housing is accurately supported by adjusting the position of the sliding support block 96. The base plate 66 and two vertical plates 67 form the main structure of the housing fixing frame 64. The base plate 66 is fixed to the second sliding plate 93. The second sliding plate 93 moves horizontally, causing the clearance notch 65 to engage with both sides of the axle 5 and connect to the housing of the gear 4. The second sliding plate 93 also causes the housing fixing frame 64 to press against the housing, changing the installation position of the bearing and axle 5, thus enabling radial clearance detection. The first sliding plate 91 drives the housing fixing frame 64 to press against the housing, changing the installation position of the bearing and axle 5, thus enabling axial clearance detection. The base plate 66 and the two vertical plates 67 have a U-shaped structure, with the clearance notch 65 opening on the sides of the two vertical plates 67. A transition plate 95 can be fixedly connected to the first sliding plate 91, and the second sliding plate 93 and the follower support block 96 are both installed on the transition plate 95.A connecting rod 68, which is fixedly connected and arranged horizontally, is provided between the two vertical plates 67.

[0049] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As a specific embodiment of the gearbox assembly process provided by the present invention, the sliding limiting mechanism 7 mounted on the first bracket 61 includes a sliding block 71, a transmission shaft 72 rotatably connected to the sliding block 71, and a linear actuator 73 connected to the sliding block 71; the end of the axle 5 is provided with a transmission hole that is tractively connected to the transmission shaft 72; the driving mechanism 8 includes a drive motor 81, a driving gear 82, and a driven gear 83; the drive motor 81 is mounted on the sliding block 71, the driving gear 82 is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 81, and the driven gear 83 is tractively connected to the transmission shaft 72, and the driven gear 83 meshes with the driving gear 82; the sliding limiting mechanism 7 mounted on the second bracket 62 includes... The assembly includes a sliding block 71, a pin 74 rotatably connected to the sliding block 71, and a linear actuator 73 connected to the sliding block 71. After the axle 5 gear 4 assembly is installed on the gearbox clearance detection stage and supported on the force application mechanism 9, two sliding limit mechanisms 7 are used to limit the movement of the axle 5. The linear actuator 73 in the sliding limit mechanism 7 on the first bracket 61 is activated to push the sliding block 71 toward the axle 5. The drive shaft 72 is keyed to the drive hole at the end of the axle 5. Simultaneously, the linear actuator 73 in the sliding limit mechanism 7 on the second bracket 62 pushes the sliding block 71 toward the axle 5, and the pin 74 is rotatably engaged with the limit hole at the end of the axle 5. Then, the drive motor 81 is activated, causing the axle 5 to rotate via the drive gear 82, driven gear 83, and drive shaft 72. The driven gear 83 is keyed to the drive shaft 72. Both the first bracket 61 and the second bracket 62 are equipped with slide rails, and the sliding blocks 71 in the two sliding limiting mechanisms 7 are slidably connected to the slide rails. The linear actuator 73 includes a pad and a screw. The pad is provided with a screw hole, and the screw is threaded into the screw hole. One end of the screw is rotatably connected to the sliding block 71, thereby pushing the sliding block 71.

[0050] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gearbox assembly process, characterized in that, include: S1: Install a slide rail and a robot arm on the slide rail on one side of the axle positioning fixture, and set up the runout detection stage, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly stage, and the gearbox clearance detection stage in sequence, and set up RGVs corresponding to the runout detection stage, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly stage, and the gearbox clearance detection stage. S2: The gear is heated, and a robotic arm is used to grasp the heated gear and place it on an axle positioning fixture. The axle positioning fixture includes a support frame, a support plate mounted on the support frame, a lifting mechanism, and an auxiliary positioning mechanism mounted on the lifting mechanism. The auxiliary positioning mechanism is mounted above the support plate. The gear is mounted on the support plate, and the auxiliary positioning mechanism includes a clamping arm for clamping and fixing the end of the axle. The support plate has a communicating hole coaxially arranged with the gear. The robotic arm grasps the axle and mounts it on the axle positioning fixture. The axle is vertically arranged and located directly above the gear. The support frame includes a long mounting base with a hollow structure. The hollow structure contains multiple three-jaw chucks for connecting to the lower end of the axle. S3: Activate the lifting mechanism on the axle positioning fixture to install the gears on the axle to form an axle gear assembly, and cool the axle gear assembly; S4: Use a robotic arm to grab the axle gear assembly, rotate it to a horizontal position, and then place it on the cantilever of the RGV; the RGV transports the axle gear assembly to the runout testing station for testing; S5: The RGV drives the axle gear assembly to the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station. The clamping fixture on the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station clamps the gear, so that both ends of the axle are in a cantilever state. The bearing and oil slinger ring are installed on the axle. The bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station includes a base and two vises fixedly installed on the base. The clamping fixture includes four clamping plates. The four clamping plates are arranged in pairs and are respectively installed on the free end and fixed end of the two vises. The gear is clamped between the four clamping plates. The bearing and oil slinger ring assembly station includes a support bracket installed on one end of the base. The support bracket is provided with two rotating rollers. The two rotating rollers are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The end of the axle away from the vise is supported on the two rotating rollers. S6: Use an RGV to lift the axle gear assembly and transport it to the gearbox clearance testing station. The gearbox clearance testing station includes a frame, a sliding limit mechanism, a drive mechanism, and a force application mechanism. The frame has a first support and a second support at both ends. Two sliding limit mechanisms are installed on the first and second supports respectively. The drive mechanism is installed on one of the sliding limit mechanisms. The drive mechanism is used to drive one end of the axle and rotate it. Two force application mechanisms are installed on the frame and located between the first and second supports. The two force application mechanisms apply two horizontal and perpendicular forces. The axle gear assembly is then placed on the gearbox clearance testing station for testing.

2. The gearbox assembly process as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame includes a long side plate fixed to the long mounting base. The support plate is a long structure and is mounted on the long mounting base. The lifting mechanism is mounted on the long side plate. There are multiple lifting mechanisms and auxiliary positioning mechanisms, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

3. The gearbox assembly process as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The hollow structure contains multiple lifting devices, which are connected to the support plate, and each lifting device is equipped with a displacement sensor.

4. The gearbox assembly process as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The RGV includes a ground guide rail, a support base slidably connected to the ground guide rail, a cross slide table and a cantilever fixedly installed on the side of the support base; the length direction of the ground guide rail is consistent with the arrangement direction of the runout detection platform, the bearing and oil slinger ring assembly platform and the gearbox clearance detection platform; there are two cantilever arms, both fixedly installed on the cross slide table, the two cantilever arms are arranged in parallel with a gap, and each cantilever arm is provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove adapted to the outer side of the axle.

5. The gearbox assembly process as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two vises are arranged at intervals along a direction away from the RGV; the base is provided with a slewing mechanism, and the two vises are mounted on the slewing mechanism; one end of the base is provided with a lifter, and the support bracket is mounted on the lifter.

6. The gearbox assembly process as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gearbox clearance testing platform includes a gearbox mounting frame, and roller assemblies are provided on both the first and second supports. The two ends of the axle gear assembly are respectively supported on the two roller assemblies. The gearbox mounting frame is installed on the force application mechanism and has a clearance notch for avoiding the axle and connecting to the gearbox. The force application mechanism is used to drive the gearbox mounting frame to move.

7. The gearbox assembly process as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The force-applying mechanism includes a first sliding plate, a first push-pull device, a second sliding plate, and a second push-pull device. The first sliding plate and the first push-pull device are mounted on the frame, and the first push-pull device is used to push the first sliding plate to slide. The second sliding plate and the second push-pull device are mounted on the first sliding plate, and the second push-pull device is used to push the second sliding plate to slide. The sliding directions of the first sliding plate and the second sliding plate are perpendicular to each other. The housing fixing frame is fixedly mounted on the second sliding plate. The first sliding plate is provided with a follower support block for supporting the housing. The follower support block is slidably connected to the first sliding plate and has a degree of freedom to move along the axle length direction. The housing fixing frame includes a base plate and vertical plates arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the base plate. The base plate is fixedly mounted on the second sliding plate. The housing is located above the base plate and between the two vertical plates. Both vertical plates are provided with the clearance notch. A toggle block is provided on the side of the two vertical plates that are close to each other.

8. The gearbox assembly process as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The sliding limiting mechanism mounted on the first bracket includes a sliding block, a drive shaft rotatably connected to the sliding block, and a linear driver connected to the sliding block; the end of the axle is provided with a transmission hole that is tractively connected to the drive shaft; the driving mechanism includes a drive motor, a drive gear, and a driven gear; the drive motor is mounted on the sliding block; the drive gear is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor; the driven gear is tractively connected to the drive shaft, and the driven gear meshes with the drive gear. The sliding limiting mechanism mounted on the second bracket includes a sliding block, a pin rotatably connected to the sliding block, and a linear driver connected to the sliding block.

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