Biodegradable high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a biodegradable high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of plant base oil, 10-15 parts of poly-alpha-olefin, 6-8 parts of polymethyl acrylate, 3-5 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.5-1 part of Ti3SiC2, 1-2 parts of polyisobutylene amine, 1-2 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 0.3-0.5 parts of silicon dioxide and 0.1-0.3 parts of rust inhibitor. The biodegradable high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil has a high viscosity index, stable shear stability, good oxidation resistance, wear resistance and biodegradability, etc., meets the relevant requirements of lubricating oil, has no loss at 300 DEG C, and can be used at high temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil and its preparation method, belonging to the field of lubricating oil. Background Technology

[0002] Lubricating oil plays a crucial role in resisting friction and wear, extending machine life, and improving lubrication performance. Lubricating oil consists of two parts: base oil and additives (one or more compounds). The base oil, as the main component, determines certain properties of the lubricating oil (such as viscosity, thermal stability, and acid value). Therefore, the quality of lubricating oil directly depends on the base oil. Additives primarily improve certain properties of the base oil to adapt to more demanding operating conditions. Lubricating oil base oils are mainly classified into three categories: mineral base oils, synthetic base oils, and bio-based base oils. Mineral oil-based lubricating oils have poor biodegradability and high biotoxicity; leakage can cause harm to human health and the environment.

[0003] Vegetable oils are readily biodegradable and environmentally friendly, and possess low volatility, high pour points, and good lubricating properties. Therefore, they are important potential raw materials for preparing environmentally friendly lubricating oil base oils. However, due to the large number of unsaturated bonds in vegetable oils, they are easily oxidized, resulting in poor thermal and oxidative stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil and its preparation method, which solves the problems of poor biodegradability of existing mineral oil-based lubricating oils and poor thermal and oxidative stability of existing plant-based lubricating oils.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil, by weight, comprises 70-80 parts of vegetable base oil, 10-15 parts of polyalphaolefin, 6-8 parts of polymethacrylate, 3-5 parts of polyether-modified silicone oil, 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.5-1 parts of Ti3SiC2, 1-2 parts of polyisobutyleneamine, 1-2 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 0.3-0.5 parts of silica, and 0.1-0.3 parts of rust inhibitor.

[0007] Further, preferably: the vegetable base oil includes rapeseed oil, castor oil and coconut oil, with a weight ratio of rapeseed oil:castor oil:coconut oil of 5:4:1.

[0008] Further, preferably, the poly-α-olefin is PAO40.

[0009] Furthermore, preferably, the chlorinated paraffin is chlorinated paraffin 52.

[0010] Further, preferably, the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 400.

[0011] Further, preferably, the rust inhibitor is one of barium sulfonate, calcium sulfonate, amine borate, or amine carboxylic acid.

[0012] Further, preferably, it also includes 0.02-0.05 parts of lanthanum oxide.

[0013] The method for preparing the high-temperature resistant lubricating oil of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0014] (1) Heat the vegetable base oil, polymethacrylate, polyethylene glycol and polyisobutyleneamine in a reaction vessel at 110-130℃ and react for 2-3 hours;

[0015] (2) Add polyα-olefin, polyether-modified silicone oil and chlorinated paraffin to the reactor and stir evenly at 60-80℃;

[0016] (3) Add the remaining material and ultrasonically disperse it evenly. Further, preferably: the ultrasonic dispersion is performed with an ultrasonic power of 400-600W and a time of 10-20min.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] This invention uses a composite of rapeseed oil, castor oil, and coconut oil as the base oil for the lubricant. These components can mutually promote and cooperate, leveraging their respective advantages and properties to provide a more comprehensive and optimized lubrication effect. This composite can improve the performance and stability of the lubricant, meeting the lubrication needs under different working conditions.

[0019] (1) The combination of rapeseed oil, castor oil and coconut oil in lubricating oil has different lubricating properties. Rapeseed oil is rich in omega-6 fatty acids, which can provide a low coefficient of friction and good lubrication performance; castor oil is rich in ricinoleic acid, which has good extreme pressure anti-wear properties; coconut oil is rich in medium-chain fatty acids, which can maintain stable lubrication performance at high temperatures. They can complement and enhance each other to provide more comprehensive lubrication protection.

[0020] (2) The combination of rapeseed oil, castor oil and coconut oil can provide good antioxidant and anti-corrosion properties. The antioxidants and anti-corrosion agents in these base oils can work together to inhibit the oxidation and corrosion reaction of lubricating oil during long-term use, extend the service life of lubricating oil and maintain the health of equipment.

[0021] (3) The combination of rapeseed oil, castor oil and coconut oil can improve the temperature stability and viscosity index of lubricating oil. They have high smoke point and thermal stability, which can maintain lubrication performance in high temperature environment, reduce the volatilization and decomposition of oil. Their coexistence can also improve the viscosity index of lubricating oil, making it more stable at different temperatures and ensuring the reliability of lubrication effect.

[0022] This invention modifies vegetable base oils using polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol, and polyisobutyleneamine. Polymethyl methacrylate and polyisobutyleneamine possess excellent lubricating properties, reducing friction and wear of mechanical parts and improving lubrication. Polyethylene glycol has strong lubricating capabilities, and its combined application with polyisobutyleneamine promotes mutual enhancement, providing superior lubrication protection. Polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol, and polyisobutyleneamine in vegetable oils can improve the thermal stability and antioxidant properties of lubricating oils, reducing oil decomposition and volatilization. Their coexistence works synergistically to improve the stability of lubricating oils under high-temperature conditions and extend their service life. Polyethylene glycol and polyisobutyleneamine can combine with impurities in vegetable oils to form dispersions, thereby enhancing the cleaning ability of lubricating oils, preventing sedimentation and carbon buildup, and maintaining the cleanliness of the lubrication system. The combined application of polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol, and polyisobutyleneamine can improve the working condition of mechanical systems, reduce noise and vibration, and enhance the stability and reliability of equipment.

[0023] The reaction of polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol, and polyisobutylene with vegetable oil lubricants under high-temperature conditions helps to improve antioxidant properties, thermal stability, cleaning properties, and lubrication properties, thereby enhancing the performance and stability of lubricants and ensuring their reliability and durability in high-temperature environments.

[0024] This invention uses polyether-modified silicone oil, polyethylene glycol, silica, Ti3SiC2 and chlorinated paraffin as additives, which have the following advantages: (1) Polyether-modified silicone oil, polyethylene glycol and chlorinated paraffin form a stable lubricating film in the lubricating oil, which can not only reduce direct metal-to-metal contact and friction, thereby reducing wear and energy consumption, but also reduce the contact area between the oil and air, and reduce the solubility of air; (2) These additives have good antioxidant properties and high high temperature stability, and can maintain stable lubrication performance in high temperature environment, prevent the volatilization and decomposition of oil, effectively inhibit the reaction of lubricating oil with oxygen in the air at high temperature, reduce the oxidation degradation of oil, and extend the service life of lubricating oil; (3) Ti3SiC2 forms a lubricating film on the friction surface, effectively isolating the contact between air and lubricant, thereby reducing the solubility between lubricating oil and air, which helps to reduce the oxidation reaction in the oil, extend the lubrication cycle, and reduce the maintenance frequency and cost of equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil, by weight, comprises 73 parts of vegetable base oil, 12 parts of polyalphaolefin, 6 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.6 parts of Ti3SiC2, 2 parts of polyisobutyleneamine, 1 part of chlorinated paraffin, 0.3 parts of silica, and 0.1 parts of rust inhibitor.

[0028] The plant-based oils include rapeseed oil, castor oil, and coconut oil, with a rapeseed oil:castor oil:coconut oil weight ratio of 5:4:1. The polyalphaolefin is PAO40; the chlorinated paraffin is chlorinated paraffin 52; the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 400; and the rust inhibitor is calcium sulfonate.

[0029] Its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0030] (1) Heat the vegetable base oil, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol and polyisobutylene amine in a reaction vessel at 110°C and react for 3 hours;

[0031] (2) Add polyα-olefin, polyether-modified silicone oil and chlorinated paraffin to the reactor and stir at 80°C until homogeneous;

[0032] (3) Add the remaining materials and ultrasonically disperse them evenly. Specifically, the ultrasonic dispersion is performed with an ultrasonic power of 400W and a time of 20min.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil, by weight, comprises 70 parts of vegetable base oil, 15 parts of polyalphaolefin, 6 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 4 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 1 part of polyethylene glycol, 0.5 parts of Ti3SiC2, 1 part of polyisobutyleneamine, 2 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 0.4 parts of silica, and 0.1 parts of rust inhibitor.

[0035] The polyalphaolefin is PAO40; the chlorinated paraffin is chlorinated paraffin 52; the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 400; and the rust inhibitor is ammonium borate.

[0036] Its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Heat the vegetable base oil, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol and polyisobutylene amine in a reaction vessel at 130°C and react for 2 hours;

[0038] (2) Add polyα-olefin, polyether-modified silicone oil and chlorinated paraffin to the reactor and stir at 60°C until homogeneous;

[0039] (3) Add the remaining materials and ultrasonically disperse them evenly. Specifically, the ultrasonic dispersion is performed with an ultrasonic power of 600W and a time of 10min.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] A biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil, by weight, comprises 80 parts of vegetable base oil, 10 parts of polyalphaolefin, 8 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 5 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1 part of Ti3SiC2, 1 part of polyisobutyleneamine, 2 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 0.5 parts of silica, and 0.3 parts of rust inhibitor.

[0042] The polyalphaolefin is PAO40; the chlorinated paraffin is chlorinated paraffin 52; the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 400; and the rust inhibitor is calcium sulfonate.

[0043] Its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0044] (1) Heat the vegetable base oil, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol and polyisobutylene amine in a reaction vessel at 120°C and react for 2 hours;

[0045] (2) Add polyα-olefin, polyether-modified silicone oil and chlorinated paraffin to the reactor and stir at 80°C until homogeneous;

[0046] (3) Add the remaining materials and ultrasonically disperse them evenly. Specifically, the ultrasonic dispersion is performed with an ultrasonic power of 500W and a time of 15min.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] The method is basically the same as in Example 1, except that: a biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil, by weight, includes 75 parts of vegetable base oil, 13 parts of polyalphaolefin, 7 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 4 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.8 parts of Ti3SiC2, 1.5 parts of polyisobutyleneamine, 1 part of chlorinated paraffin, 0.4 parts of silica, and 0.2 parts of rust inhibitor.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] The method is basically the same as in Example 1, except that: a biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil, by weight, includes 73 parts of vegetable base oil, 12 parts of polyalphaolefin, 6 parts of polymethacrylate, 3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.6 parts of Ti3SiC2, 2 parts of polyisobutyleneamine, 1 part of chlorinated paraffin, 0.3 parts of silica, 0.1 parts of rust inhibitor, and 0.02 parts of lanthanum oxide.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that the vegetable base oil includes rapeseed oil and castor oil, with a rapeseed oil:castor oil weight ratio of 5:4.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] The method is basically the same as in Example 1, except that: a biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil, by weight, includes 73 parts of vegetable base oil, 6 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.6 parts of Ti3SiC2, 2 parts of polyisobutyleneamine, 1 part of chlorinated paraffin, 0.3 parts of silica and 0.1 parts of rust inhibitor.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] The method is basically the same as in Example 1, except that: a biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil, by weight, includes 73 parts of vegetable base oil, 12 parts of polyalphaolefin, 6 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2 parts of polyisobutyleneamine, 1 part of chlorinated paraffin, 0.3 parts of silica and 0.1 parts of rust inhibitor.

[0057] Performance testing

[0058] The performance of the lubricating oils obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested respectively, and the specific experimental results are shown in Table 1:

[0059] Table 1 Performance data of lubricating oils prepared in different embodiments

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] As shown in the table above, the biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil of the present invention has a high viscosity index, stable shear stability, and good antioxidant properties, wear resistance, and biodegradability, which meets the relevant requirements for lubricating oils. It does not suffer any loss at 300°C and can be used at high temperatures.

[0063] Furthermore, as shown in Comparative Example 1, the addition of coconut oil in this invention can effectively improve the viscosity index and oxidation stability. As shown in Comparative Example 3, the addition of Ti3SiC2 in this invention has a unique nano-layered crystal structure, which has antioxidant, self-lubricating, and high fracture toughness at room temperature, and can effectively improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance of lubricating oil.

[0064] As shown in Example 5, lanthanum oxide was added in this example. This invention uses vegetable oil as the base oil. Under high-temperature environments, vegetable oil is easily oxidized and damaged, leading to decreased lubrication performance and affecting mechanical operation. Lanthanum oxide has excellent antioxidant properties, preventing oxidation of the lubricating oil in high-temperature environments, extending its service life, and improving lubrication. Under high-temperature conditions, vegetable oil will form precipitates due to thermal decomposition, clogging the small pores of the machine, thereby increasing friction and wear. Lanthanum oxide has high dispersibility and anti-precipitation properties, dispersing the precipitates in the lubricating oil and preventing them from depositing on the machine surface, thus maintaining normal machine operation.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, any modifications and substitutions made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil, characterized in that: By weight, it includes 70-80 parts of vegetable base oil, 10-15 parts of polyalphaolefin, 6-8 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 3-5 parts of polyether-modified silicone oil, 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.5-1 parts of Ti3SiC2, 1-2 parts of polyisobutyleneamine, 1-2 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 0.3-0.5 parts of silica, and 0.1-0.3 parts of rust inhibitor; the vegetable base oil includes rapeseed oil, castor oil, and coconut oil, with a rapeseed oil:castor oil:coconut oil weight ratio of 5:4:1; Its preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Heat the vegetable base oil, polymethacrylate, polyethylene glycol and polyisobutyleneamine in a reaction vessel at 110-130℃ for 2-3 hours; (2) Add poly-α-olefin, polyether-modified silicone oil and chlorinated paraffin to the reactor and stir evenly at 60-80℃; (3) Add the remaining material and ultrasonically disperse it evenly; the ultrasonic dispersion is specifically: ultrasonic power 400-600W, time 10-20min.

2. The biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The poly-α-olefin is PAO40.

3. The biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chlorinated paraffin mentioned is chlorinated paraffin 52.

4. The biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyethylene glycol mentioned is polyethylene glycol 400.

5. The biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rust inhibitor is one of barium sulfonate, calcium sulfonate, borate amine, or carboxylic amine.

6. A biodegradable high-temperature resistant lubricating oil according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It also includes 0.02-0.05 parts of lanthanum oxide.

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