A self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulse-type energy harvesting

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of environmental micro energy collection, in particular to a self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulse type energy collection. Based on the theory of maximum energy cycle output, the RC differential circuit is used to perform differential processing on the positive and negative pulse signals, the corresponding peak and valley information of each is extracted, the peak information is transmitted to the first energy storage control circuit A to generate a positive switch control signal for transmission to the switch circuit, and the valley information is transmitted to the first energy storage control circuit B to generate a negative switch control signal for transmission to the switch circuit. In the switch circuit, through the cooperation of the positive switch control signal and the negative switch control signal, the bidirectional detection of the output pulse signal at the peak and valley positions is completed. Thus, the self-driven power management of the pulse type energy collector is realized without the aid of an external power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental micro-energy harvesting, specifically a self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulse-type energy harvesting. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G technologies, portable and lightweight wearable electronic devices and widely distributed sensor network technologies have gradually matured. However, the power supply problem of electronic devices has become a key factor restricting their further development. Traditional chemical batteries are prone to environmental pollution and require repeated charging, making them unsuitable for powering next-generation microelectronic devices. Environmental energy harvesting technology can balance sustainability and environmental friendliness, providing a feasible solution for energy supply.

[0003] Among numerous environmental energy harvesting technologies, commonly used environmental energy harvesters mainly fall into two categories: DC output and pulsed energy harvesting. In some pulsed energy harvesters, such as pressure generators and triboelectric nanogenerators, appropriate power management circuits are typically required to meet the stable voltage requirements of electronic devices. However, current power management circuits for pulsed energy harvesting often require the use of active devices, which necessitate external power supplies. This presents significant challenges for practical applications. Therefore, researching a universal, self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulsed energy harvesting has become an important goal in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulse-type energy harvesting. This circuit adopts a method of separately acquiring and processing positive and negative pulses, which effectively avoids the pulse overlap problem after the continuous output pulse signal passes through the rectifier bridge. It broadens the applicability of the circuit to a certain extent, has strong versatility, and can meet the energy harvesting needs of continuously output pulse-type energy harvesters without the need for external power supply.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulsed energy harvesting includes: a pulsed energy harvester, a positive pulse monitoring circuit, a negative pulse monitoring circuit, a first-stage energy storage control circuit A, a first-stage energy storage control circuit B, an RC differentiating circuit, and a switching circuit;

[0007] The pulse energy harvester is used to collect periodic pulse energy and generate a pulse signal based on the collected pulse energy; the pulse signal is a bidirectional pulse signal containing both rising and falling edges.

[0008] The positive pulse monitoring circuit receives the positive pulse signal provided by the pulse energy harvester, performs voltage reduction processing on the positive pulse signal, and outputs the first voltage signal to the first-level energy storage control circuit A for energy storage.

[0009] The negative pulse monitoring circuit receives the negative pulse signal provided by the pulse energy harvester, performs voltage reduction processing on the negative pulse signal, and outputs the second voltage signal to the first-level energy storage control circuit B for energy storage.

[0010] The RC differentiating circuit receives the pulse signal provided by the pulse energy harvester, performs differentiating processing on the pulse signal, and extracts the peak and trough information.

[0011] The first-level energy storage control circuit A receives the peak information output by the RC differentiator circuit and generates a positive switching control signal based on the first voltage signal and the peak information.

[0012] The first-level energy storage control circuit B receives the valley information output by the RC differentiator circuit and generates a negative switching control signal based on the valley information of the second voltage signal.

[0013] The switching circuit receives positive and negative switching control signals according to the period of the pulse signal transmission. When the received signal is a positive switching control signal, the switching circuit is turned on; when the voltage value in the positive switching control signal decays to the threshold voltage of the NMOS in the switching circuit, the switching circuit is turned off; when the received signal is a negative switching control signal, the switching circuit is turned on; when the voltage value in the negative switching control signal rises to the threshold voltage of the PMOS in the switching circuit, the switching circuit is turned off, thereby completing one cycle of energy harvesting.

[0014] Furthermore, the positive pulse monitoring circuit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, a diode, and a third resistor; the first resistor and the second resistor form a voltage divider network, one end of which is connected to one end of the second resistor and then connected to the input terminal of the diode, and the other end of which is connected to the other end of the second resistor and to the pulse energy harvester; one end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the diode, and the other end serves as the output terminal of the positive pulse monitoring circuit and is connected to the first-level energy storage control circuit A.

[0015] The negative pulse detection circuit has the same structure as the positive pulse monitoring circuit, and shares the voltage divider network formed by the first resistor and the second resistor with the positive pulse monitoring circuit. In the negative pulse detection circuit, the other end of the third resistor serves as the output terminal of the negative pulse monitoring circuit and is connected to the first-level energy storage control circuit B.

[0016] Furthermore, the first-stage energy storage control circuit A includes: a transition capacitor Cp, a P-type field-effect transistor M1, and a resistor Rp; the transition capacitor Cp serves as the input terminal of the first-stage energy storage control circuit A, connected to the positive pulse monitoring circuit and the source of the P-type field-effect transistor M1; the drain of the P-type field-effect transistor M1 is connected to one end of the resistor Rp, and the gate is connected to the output terminal of the RC differentiating circuit; the other end of the resistor Rp serves as the output terminal of the first-stage energy storage control circuit A, connected to the switching circuit.

[0017] The first-stage energy storage control circuit B includes: a transition capacitor Cn, an N-type field-effect transistor M2, and a resistor Rn; the capacitor Cn serves as the input terminal of the first-stage energy storage control circuit B and is connected to the negative pulse monitoring circuit and the source of the N-type field-effect transistor M2; the drain of the N-type field-effect transistor M2 is connected to the resistor Rn, and the gate is connected to the output terminal of the RC differentiating circuit; the other end of the resistor Rn serves as the output terminal of the first-stage energy storage control circuit B and is connected to the switching circuit.

[0018] Furthermore, the RC differentiating circuit includes: a capacitor Cd and a resistor Rd; one end of the capacitor Cd and one end of the resistor Rd are both connected to the pulse energy harvester, and the other end of the capacitor Cd and the other end of the resistor Rd are connected, and their common connection point is connected to the gate of the P-type field-effect transistor M1 and the N-type field-effect transistor M2, respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the switching circuit includes: an N-type field-effect transistor M3 and a P-type field-effect transistor M4. The gate of the N-type field-effect transistor is connected to a first-stage energy storage control circuit A, which is used to receive a positive switching control signal and control the switching circuit to turn on and off according to the positive switching control signal. The gate of the P-type field-effect transistor is connected to a resistor Rn in a first-stage energy storage control circuit B, which is used to receive a negative switching control signal and control the switching circuit to turn on and off according to the negative switching control signal.

[0020] Furthermore, the aforementioned self-driven power management circuit for pulsed energy harvesting also includes an energy storage circuit. The energy storage circuit consists of an AC-DC converter circuit and an LC converter network. The AC-DC converter circuit receives the positive / negative bidirectional pulse signals output by the pulsed energy harvester, performs a conversion approximating a full-wave rectifier bridge, and outputs the signal to the LC converter network. The LC converter network steps down the positive / negative bidirectional pulse signals after AC-DC conversion and stores the energy to improve the charging power and energy transfer efficiency of the entire circuit.

[0021] Furthermore, the pulse energy harvester is either a triboelectric nanogenerator or a pressure generator, and its output signal is a periodic pulse signal.

[0022] This invention provides a self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulsed energy harvesting. Based on the theory of maximum energy cycle output, it utilizes an RC differentiator circuit to differentiate the positive and negative pulse signals, extracting their corresponding peak and trough information. The peak information is transmitted to a first-stage energy storage control circuit A to generate a positive switch control signal for transmission to the switching circuit, while the trough information is transmitted to a first-stage energy storage control circuit B to generate a negative switch control signal for transmission to the switching circuit. In the switching circuit, the positive and negative switch control signals work together to achieve bidirectional detection of the peak and trough positions of the output pulse signal. This enables self-driven power management of the pulsed energy harvester without the need for an external power source.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects.

[0024] 1. The self-driven power management circuit of the present invention has no complex circuit modules, which reduces the complexity of the circuit itself in design and use while ensuring low power consumption;

[0025] 2. This invention employs a method of separately detecting and processing positive and negative waveforms, thereby enabling separate tracking and processing of the positive and negative peak values ​​of continuously output pulse signals, increasing the versatility and applicability of the circuit itself. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the self-driven power management circuit structure in an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the self-driven power management circuit in an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 These are some intermediate signal output waveforms from the experimental test using a triboelectric nanogenerator in the example.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart showing the charging power of different capacitors using triboelectric nanogenerators in the example;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the switching of circuit states within one cycle in the example. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulsed energy harvesting. The overall structure adopts the framework of a synchronous charge extraction circuit, including a pulsed energy harvester, a positive pulse monitoring circuit, a negative pulse monitoring circuit, a first-stage energy storage control circuit A, a first-stage energy storage control circuit B, an RC differentiating circuit, and a switching circuit, to further improve the charging power and energy transfer efficiency of the entire circuit. This embodiment also includes an AC-DC conversion circuit and an LC conversion network.

[0034] The pulse energy harvester is connected to a positive pulse monitoring circuit, a negative pulse monitoring circuit, and an RC differentiator circuit. The positive pulse monitoring circuit is connected to a switching circuit via a first-stage energy storage control circuit A, and the negative pulse monitoring circuit is connected to a switching circuit via a first-stage energy storage control circuit B. The RC differentiator circuit is connected to both first-stage energy storage control circuit A and first-stage energy storage control circuit B. The input of the AC-DC converter circuit is connected to the pulse energy harvester, and the output is connected to the switching circuit via an LC converter network.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the positive pulse monitoring circuit includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a diode D1, and a third resistor R3. The first resistor R1 and resistor R2 form a voltage divider network. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2 and then to the input terminal of the diode D1. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, and both are connected to the pulse energy harvester. One end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the diode, and the other end serves as the output terminal of the positive pulse monitoring circuit, connected to the first-stage energy storage control circuit A. Through the voltage divider effect of R1 and R2, the waveform of the bidirectional pulse signal output by the pulse energy harvester is tracked, and the requirements of the RC differentiator circuit for the output signal amplitude are met. By setting the diode D1, the positive waveform of the bidirectional pulse signal is extracted, and a first voltage signal is generated and output through the third resistor R3.

[0036] The negative pulse monitoring circuit includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a diode D2, and a resistor R4. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, which is then connected to the input terminal of the diode D1. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, both of which are connected to the pulse energy harvester. One end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the diode, and the other end serves as the output terminal of the positive pulse monitoring circuit, connected to the first-stage energy storage control circuit A. To simplify the structure, in this embodiment, the negative pulse monitoring circuit and the positive pulse monitoring circuit share the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. In the negative pulse monitoring circuit, the voltage divider effect of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 forms the tracking of the bidirectional pulse signal waveform output by the pulse energy harvester, and satisfies the requirements of the RC differentiator circuit for the output signal amplitude. By setting the diode D2, the negative waveform of the pulse output is extracted and a second voltage signal is generated and output through the third resistor R3.

[0037] The first-stage energy storage control circuit A includes a transition capacitor Cp, a P-type field-effect transistor M1, and a resistor Rp. The capacitor Cp is connected to a positive pulse monitoring circuit to realize the first-stage energy storage of the circuit. The source of the P-type field-effect transistor M1 is connected to the transition capacitor Cp, the drain is connected to the resistor Rp, and the gate is connected to the output of the RC differentiator circuit. The transition capacitor Cp is charged by the positive pulse monitoring circuit. When the gate of the P-type field-effect transistor detects the peak information of the output of the RC differentiator circuit, the P-type field-effect transistor is turned on and the positive switch control signal is released by the resistor Rp to control the opening and closing of the N-type field-effect transistor M3 in the subsequent switching circuit.

[0038] The first-stage energy storage control circuit B includes a transition capacitor Cn, a P-type field-effect transistor M2, and a resistor Rn. The capacitor Cn is connected to a negative pulse monitoring circuit to realize the first-stage energy storage of the circuit. The source of the N-type field-effect transistor M2 is connected to the transition capacitor Cn, the drain is connected to the resistor Rn, and the gate is connected to the output of the RC differentiator circuit. The transition capacitor Cn is charged by negative pulse monitoring. When the gate of the N-type field-effect transistor detects the trough information of the output of the RC differentiator circuit, the N-type field-effect transistor is turned on and the negative switch control signal is released by the resistor Rn to control the turn-on and turn-off of the P-type field-effect transistor M4 in the subsequent switching circuit.

[0039] The RC differentiating circuit includes a capacitor Cd and a resistor Rd. After being connected in series, they are connected in parallel with the output terminal of the pulse energy harvester. This circuit is used to differentiate the bidirectional pulse signal output by the pulse energy harvester and extract peak and trough information. The output node of the RC differentiating circuit is connected to the gate of the P-type field-effect transistor M1 and the N-type field-effect transistor M2, respectively.

[0040] The switching circuit includes an N-type field-effect transistor (FET) M3 and a P-type field-effect transistor (FET) M4, which together constitute the switching signal of the circuit. The conduction state of the switch is determined by the voltage across resistor Rp in the first-stage energy storage control circuit A and resistor Rn in the first-stage energy storage control circuit B. When the voltage across the resistor is lower than the threshold voltage of the FET after discharge, the switch is in the open state, and a new round of charge accumulation begins.

[0041] The AC-DC conversion circuit includes diodes D3, D4, D5, and D6. The AC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the switching circuit and the LC conversion network. It utilizes the unidirectional conductivity of the diodes to perform a conversion on the bidirectional pulse signal, approximating a full-wave rectifier bridge.

[0042] The LC converter network consists of inductor L1, diode D7, and energy storage capacitor Cs, all connected in a buck-boost configuration. The duty cycle D is a relatively small value used to implement a voltage reduction function, thereby addressing the problems of high internal resistance and impedance matching difficulties in the pulse energy harvester, and further improving the circuit's charging power and energy transfer efficiency.

[0043] It should be noted that the capacitor Cs used for energy storage in this embodiment is an energy storage capacitor, but in practical applications, it can be replaced with any one of supercapacitors or rechargeable batteries as needed.

[0044] The self-driven power management circuit of this embodiment is applicable to pulsed energy harvesters, primarily for wireless sensor networks and some low-power electronic devices. The pulsed energy harvester can be any one of a piezoelectric generator or a triboelectric nanogenerator. Its operation within one cycle can be divided into four stages:

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown in (a), when the output signal is in the rising state of a positive pulse, the switching circuit is in the off state. At this time, the charge of the pulse energy harvester accumulates at the output terminal, and the differential signal output is a gradually decreasing positive pulse signal that leads the pulse energy harvester by 90° in phase.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown in (b), when the output signal is at the peak of the positive pulse, the differential signal outputs a zero-level signal, which controls the P-type field-effect transistor M1 in the first-stage energy storage control circuit A to turn on. The drain voltage of M1 is used as a switch control signal to control the N-type field-effect transistor M3 in the switching circuit to turn on. The charge accumulates in the inductance of the LC conversion network and is then stored in the final energy storage capacitor Cs. As the drain charge of M1 is released on Rp, the voltage drop decreases and the switch M3 is turned off.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown in (c), when the output signal is in the falling state of the negative pulse, the switching circuit is in the off state. At this time, the charge of the pulse energy harvester accumulates at the output terminal, and the differential signal output is a gradually rising negative pulse signal that leads the pulse energy harvester by 90° in phase.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown in (d), when the output signal is at the trough of the positive pulse, the differential signal outputs a zero-level signal, which controls the N-type field-effect transistor M2 in the first-stage energy storage control circuit B to turn on. The drain voltage of M2 is used as a switch control signal to control the P-type field-effect transistor M4 in the switching circuit to turn on. The charge accumulates in the inductance of the LC conversion network and is then stored in the final energy storage capacitor Cs. As the drain charge of M2 accumulates on Rn, the voltage rises and the switch M4 turns off.

[0049] Experimental verification and analysis:

[0050] For pulsed energy harvesting devices, this invention takes a triboelectric nanogenerator in continuous sliding mode as an example to carry out the design and verification of a self-driven power management circuit for pulsed energy harvesting.

[0051] The following components were selected: TP0610K for the N-type MOSFET, BSS127H6327 for the P-type MOSFET, and 1N4007 for the diode. Voltage divider resistors R1 and R2 were chosen to be 100MΩ and 200MΩ respectively. In the differentiating circuit, Rd was 5MΩ and Cd was 22pF, effectively reducing power consumption while maintaining tracking accuracy. R3 and R4 were 50Ω, and Cp and Cn were 1.5nF to ensure the first-stage energy storage circuit tracks the output pulse. Resistors Rp (10MΩ) and Rn (7.5MΩ) were used to release the first-stage energy storage charge and control the switching circuit. However, due to the inherent differences in pulse energy harvesters, these parameters are only for reference. For different pulse energy harvesters, the corresponding circuit parameters need to be adjusted to achieve self-driving power management. This does not affect the applicability of this invention in pulse-type energy harvesting.

[0052] like Figure 3 The image shows the test waveforms of each node within one cycle after debugging is completed. Figure 3 (a) to (e) show the output waveforms when the energy storage capacitor is not connected, which are basically consistent with the above analysis of the circuit operation process; Figure 3 (f) shows the output pulse waveform after connecting the energy storage capacitor. It can be seen that it can meet the control requirements for the peak and trough output pulses, and it also conforms to the analysis of the working process above.

[0053] To further characterize the effect of this invention on improving the output power of a pulsed energy harvester, charging power tests were conducted on capacitors of different capacitance values, such as... Figure 4 As shown, charging power tests were conducted on capacitors of 1μF, 4.7μF, 10μF, 47μF, 100μF, 470μF, and 1000μF. Charging power was improved for the same capacitor within the same time frame. For example, when charging a 100μF electrolytic capacitor, the power was only 0.38μW without the self-driven power management circuit, but reached 3.42μW after using the power management circuit, representing a nine-fold increase in charging power. Of course, the amount of energy collected is directly related to the pulse energy harvester; this embodiment further enhances the charging power based on existing harvesters.

[0054] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulsed energy harvesting, comprising: The pulse energy harvester, positive pulse monitoring circuit, negative pulse monitoring circuit, first-stage energy storage control circuit A, first-stage energy storage control circuit B, RC differentiating circuit, and switching circuit are characterized by: The pulse energy harvester is used to collect periodic pulse energy and generate a pulse signal based on the collected pulse energy; the pulse signal is a bidirectional pulse signal containing both rising and falling edges. The positive pulse monitoring circuit receives the positive pulse signal provided by the pulse energy harvester, performs voltage reduction processing on the positive pulse signal, and outputs the first voltage signal to the first-level energy storage control circuit A for energy storage. The negative pulse monitoring circuit receives the negative pulse signal provided by the pulse energy harvester, performs voltage reduction processing on the negative pulse signal, and outputs the second voltage signal to the first-level energy storage control circuit B for energy storage. The RC differentiating circuit receives the pulse signal provided by the pulse energy harvester, performs differentiating processing on the pulse signal, and extracts the peak and trough information. The first-level energy storage control circuit A receives the peak information output by the RC differentiator circuit and generates a positive switching control signal based on the first voltage signal and the peak information. The first-level energy storage control circuit B receives the valley information output by the RC differentiator circuit and generates a negative switching control signal based on the valley information of the second voltage signal. The switching circuit receives positive and negative switching control signals according to the period of the pulse signal transmission. When the received signal is a positive switching control signal, the switching circuit is turned on; when the voltage value in the positive switching control signal decays to the threshold voltage of the NMOS in the switching circuit, the switching circuit is turned off; when the received signal is a negative switching control signal, the switching circuit is turned on; when the voltage value in the negative switching control signal rises to the threshold voltage of the PMOS in the switching circuit, the switching circuit is turned off, thereby completing one cycle of energy harvesting.

2. The self-driven power management circuit for pulsed energy harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive pulse monitoring circuit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, a diode, and a third resistor; the first resistor and the second resistor form a voltage divider network, one end of which is connected to one end of the second resistor and then connected to the input terminal of the diode, and the other end of which is connected to the other end of the second resistor and the pulse energy harvester; one end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the diode, and the other end serves as the output terminal of the positive pulse monitoring circuit and is connected to the first-level energy storage control circuit A. The negative pulse monitoring circuit has the same structure as the positive pulse monitoring circuit, and shares the voltage divider network formed by the first resistor and the second resistor with the positive pulse monitoring circuit. In the negative pulse detection circuit, the other end of the third resistor serves as the output terminal of the negative pulse monitoring circuit and is connected to the first-level energy storage control circuit B.

3. The self-driven power management circuit for pulsed energy harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage energy storage control circuit A includes: a transition capacitor Cp, a P-type field-effect transistor M1, and a resistor Rp; the transition capacitor Cp serves as the input terminal of the first-stage energy storage control circuit A, connected to the positive pulse monitoring circuit and the source of the P-type field-effect transistor M1; the drain of the P-type field-effect transistor M1 is connected to one end of the resistor Rp, and the gate is connected to the output terminal of the RC differentiating circuit; the other end of the resistor Rp serves as the output terminal of the first-stage energy storage control circuit A, and is connected to the switching circuit. The first-stage energy storage control circuit B includes: a transition capacitor Cn, an N-type field-effect transistor M2, and a resistor Rn; the capacitor Cn serves as the input terminal of the first-stage energy storage control circuit B and is connected to the negative pulse monitoring circuit and the source of the N-type field-effect transistor M2; the drain of the N-type field-effect transistor M2 is connected to the resistor Rn, and the gate is connected to the output terminal of the RC differentiating circuit; the other end of the resistor Rn serves as the output terminal of the first-stage energy storage control circuit B and is connected to the switching circuit.

4. The self-driven power management circuit for pulse-type energy harvesting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The RC differentiating circuit includes: a capacitor Cd and a resistor Rd; one end of the capacitor Cd and one end of the resistor Rd are both connected to the pulse energy harvester, and the other end of the capacitor Cd and the other end of the resistor Rd are connected, and their common connection point is connected to the gate of the P-type field-effect transistor M1 and the N-type field-effect transistor M2 respectively.

5. A self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulse-type energy harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching circuit includes an N-type field-effect transistor M3 and a P-type field-effect transistor M4. The gate of the N-type field-effect transistor is connected to a first-stage energy storage control circuit A, which is used to receive a positive switching control signal and control the switching circuit to turn on and off according to the positive switching control signal. The gate of the P-type field-effect transistor is connected to a resistor Rn in a first-stage energy storage control circuit B, which is used to receive a negative switching control signal and control the switching circuit to turn on and off according to the negative switching control signal.

6. A self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulsed energy harvesting according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The self-driven power management circuit for pulsed energy harvesting also includes an energy storage circuit, which consists of an AC-DC converter and an LC converter network. The AC-DC converter receives the positive / negative bidirectional pulse signals output from the pulsed energy harvester and performs a conversion approximating a full-wave rectifier bridge before outputting them to the LC converter network. The LC converter network steps down the positive / negative bidirectional pulse signals after AC-DC conversion and stores the energy to improve the charging power and energy transfer efficiency of the entire circuit.

7. A self-driven power management circuit suitable for pulsed energy harvesting according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The pulse energy harvester is either a triboelectric nanogenerator or a pressure generator.

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