A multi-layer immersed tube structure

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-layer immersed tube structure which pops out of water surface, and relates to the technical field of immersed tube tunnel engineering. The multi-layer immersed tube structure comprises at least one layer of use space layer, at least one layer of immersed tube butt joint layer and at least one layer of ballast replacement layer; wherein the application layer of the highest layer is the use space layer, and the application layer of the bottom layer is the ballast replacement layer; a middle plate is arranged between two adjacent application layers; and a paving layer is arranged on the top surface of the use space layer of the highest layer. The application can be applied to a shallow water area, and the ballast replacement layer is filled with sand and stone soil, so that the multi-layer immersed tube structure is stably arranged on the water bottom, the immersed tube butt joint layer can be used for traffic, the use space layer can be used for placing goods or materials, the top surface of the use space layer of the highest layer is exposed out of the water surface, and the paving layer is arranged on the top surface, and the layer can be used for traffic or building construction, so that the multi-layer immersed tube structure can improve the application diversity of the immersed tube structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of immersed tunnel engineering technology, and in particular to a multi-layer immersed tunnel structure that emerges above the water surface. Background Technology

[0002] Immersed tunnels are constructed by prefabricating tunnel sections, installing waterstops at both ends of each section, then floating them to the tunnel axis and immersing them in pre-dug trenches (foundation trenches) to complete the underwater connection between the sections. The foundation trenches are then backfilled to protect the immersed tubes, and the internal facilities of the tunnel are laid, thus forming a complete underwater passage.

[0003] Currently, immersed tunnels in China are mainly used in transportation tunnels. These tunnel sections are all built underwater, with high freeboard requirements, and are relatively poor at handling complex weather and hydrological conditions. With advancements in prefabrication, floating, immersion, and docking technologies for immersed tunnel sections, and with reduced construction costs, immersed tunnel hydraulic structures will increasingly come into focus. However, the application of immersed tunnels is too singular; such massive projects are only used for traffic within the tunnel itself. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: how to improve the application diversity of immersed tube structures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-layer submerged tube structure that emerges from the water surface, comprising a plurality of submerged tube sections, wherein the submerged tube sections include:

[0006] There are at least three application layers, including at least one usable space layer, at least one immersed tube docking layer, and at least one ballast replacement layer; the highest application layer is the usable space layer, and the lowest application layer is the ballast replacement layer.

[0007] The middle plate is positioned between two adjacent application layers;

[0008] The paving layer is installed on the top surface of the highest usable space layer.

[0009] Based on the above technology, the middle plate is provided with a number of holes and hole covers.

[0010] Based on the above technology, the hole and the hole cover are connected by a flange.

[0011] Based on the above technology, the application layer is equipped with a vertically designed central partition wall.

[0012] Based on the above technology, the central partition wall has several through holes arranged longitudinally.

[0013] Based on the above technology, the immersed tunnel sections are arranged in multiple rows. Adjacent immersed tunnel sections in the same row are connected by a tunnel docking layer, and adjacent immersed tunnel sections in different rows are connected by a connecting component.

[0014] Based on the above technology, the connecting component includes brackets and structural steel. Brackets are provided on the sidewalls between two adjacent immersed tube sections in different columns, and several structural steel sections are laid between two adjacent brackets.

[0015] Based on the above technology, a paving layer is provided on the steel profile located above the water surface.

[0016] Based on the above technology, the longitudinal length of the immersed tube docking layer is greater than the longitudinal length of the usable space layer. Between the highest usable space layers of the two docked immersed tube sections, a beam plate is provided. The top surface of the beam plate is higher than the water surface height, and a paving layer is provided on it.

[0017] Based on the above technology, a weight-bearing layer is provided between the paving layer and the top surface of the highest usable space layer.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] This invention divides a multi-layer immersed tunnel structure into several tunnel sections, each designed with at least three layers: at least one usable space layer, at least one tunnel connection layer, and at least one ballast replacement layer. The top surface of the uppermost usable space layer must be above the water surface, and a paving layer is installed on top of it. Compared with existing immersed tunnel structures, this multi-layer immersed tunnel structure can be applied to shallow water areas. The ballast replacement layer is filled with sand and gravel, ensuring the multi-layer immersed tunnel structure is stably positioned on the seabed. The tunnel connection layer can be used for vehicle traffic, the usable space layer can be used to store goods or materials, and the top surface of the uppermost usable space layer, with its paving layer, can be used for vehicle traffic or construction. Therefore, this multi-layer immersed tunnel structure increases the versatility of its applications. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the submerged tunnel section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-layer submerged pipe structure that emerges from the water surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Immersed tunnel section, 101-Used space layer, 102-Immersed tunnel docking layer, 103-Ballast replacement layer, 2-Middle plate, 3-Side wall, 4-Battery layer, 5-Pavement layer, 6-Intermediate partition wall, 7-Ballast water tank, 8-Corner, 9-Structure steel, 10-Beam plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The multi-layer submerged pipe structure that emerges from the water surface in this embodiment of the invention is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes several immersed tunnel sections 1. Each immersed tunnel section 1 includes at least three application layers, including at least one usable space layer 101 for placing goods or materials, at least one tunnel docking layer 102 for docking and traffic passage between immersed tunnel sections 1, and at least one ballast replacement layer 103 for stabilizing the immersed tunnel section 1 at the bottom of the water. The highest application layer is the usable space layer 101, and the top surface of the usable space layer 101 is higher than the water surface height. The lowest application layer is the ballast replacement layer 103. A middle plate 2 is provided between two adjacent application layers. A paving layer 5 is provided on the top surface of the highest usable space layer 101.

[0026] Therefore, this invention divides the multi-layer immersed tunnel structure into several tunnel sections, each designed with at least three layers: at least one usable space layer, at least one tunnel connection layer, and at least one ballast replacement layer. The top surface of the uppermost usable space layer must be above the water surface, and a paving layer is installed on top of it. Compared with existing immersed tunnel structures, this multi-layer immersed tunnel structure can be applied to shallow water areas. The ballast replacement layer is filled with sand and gravel, ensuring the multi-layer immersed tunnel structure is stably positioned on the seabed. The tunnel connection layer can be used for vehicle traffic, the usable space layer can be used to store goods or materials, and the top surface of the highest usable space layer is above the water surface, with a paving layer installed on top. This layer can be used for vehicle traffic or construction, thus increasing the versatility of the immersed tunnel structure's applications.

[0027] Preferably, the middle plate 2 is provided with a number of holes and hole covers, which can be used to connect the upper and lower application layers, and personnel or goods can move through the holes.

[0028] It should be noted that when the holes are not in use, they should be sealed with hole caps to prevent mutual interference between different application layers.

[0029] Furthermore, the holes and covers can be connected using flanges, or alternatively, using a raised face structure.

[0030] It should be noted that flange connection is the preferred option because it has the advantages of easy disassembly, high strength, and good sealing performance, making it suitable for this immersed tube structure.

[0031] Preferred, see Figure 2 As shown, the application layer has a vertically designed partition wall 6 inside, which divides each application layer into two spaces; it can also be designed so that some application layers have partition walls 6 and other application layers do not have partition walls 6.

[0032] Furthermore, the central partition wall 6 has several through holes arranged longitudinally, with a certain distance between the through holes to form an evacuation passage.

[0033] Furthermore, each through hole is equipped with a corresponding door to seal the through hole, and the door is opened when needed.

[0034] Another embodiment of a multi-layered submerged tube structure that emerges from the water surface is provided:

[0035] See Figure 3 As shown, the immersed tunnel section 1 is in multiple columns. Two adjacent immersed tunnel sections 1 in the same column are connected by the immersed tunnel docking layer 102, and two adjacent immersed tunnel sections 1 in different columns are connected by the connecting components.

[0036] Furthermore, a specific structure is provided for the connecting component, which includes brackets 8 and steel sections 9. Brackets 8 are provided on the side walls 3 between two adjacent immersed tube sections 1 in different columns. Several steel sections 9 are laid between two adjacent brackets 8. The steel sections 9 can be I-shaped steels, and it is necessary to ensure that they can bear a large load.

[0037] Furthermore, the uppermost steel section 9 needs to be placed above the water surface, and a paving layer 5 is installed on top of it.

[0038] It should be noted that the paving layer 5 on the steel section 9 and the paving layer 5 on the highest usable space layer 101 have the same function, and the height difference between the two should be as small as possible to ensure the stability of the overall paving layer 5 and avoid the height difference from causing adverse effects on subsequent applications.

[0039] Preferably, the longitudinal length of the immersed tube docking layer 102 is greater than the longitudinal length of the space layer 101. Between the highest layer of the space layer 101 of the two docking immersed tube sections 1, a beam 10 is provided. The top surface height of the beam 10 is greater than the water surface height, and a paving layer 5 is provided on it. The beam 10 can be made of reinforced concrete slab or steel plate.

[0040] It should be noted that there are other application layers above the immersed tube docking layer 102. Therefore, there will be a pit at the connection between the two immersed tube docking layers 102, and a beam slab 10 needs to be erected at the pit opening.

[0041] Preferably, a weighting layer 4 is provided between the paving layer 5 and the top surface of the highest usable space layer 101.

[0042] The benefits of this design are as follows: Firstly, the ballast layer 4 serves to increase the weight of the immersed tunnel section 1 and improve its stability in the water; secondly, since construction or traffic needs to be carried out on the pavement layer 5, the ballast layer 4 is laid between the two to avoid damage to the immersed tunnel section 1. This reduces the impact of the upper load on the immersed tunnel section 1.

[0043] The construction method of the multi-layer immersed tube structure that emerges from the water surface in this embodiment of the invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S1: Dry dock location selection;

[0045] S2: Concrete pouring and curing of the immersed tunnel section, and airtightness inspection and outfitting;

[0046] S3: Immersion and docking of the tunnel sections, ballast replacement work, and trench dredging can be carried out simultaneously in the first three steps;

[0047] S4: Repeat steps S2 to S4 to complete the single-row immersed tunnel structure;

[0048] S5: Repeat steps S2 to S5 to complete the multi-row immersed tunnel structure;

[0049] S6: Steel section 9 is used to overlap the immersed tunnel laterally, and beam plate 10 is used to overlap the immersed tunnel section 1 longitudinally to form an integral platform;

[0050] S7: Construction of paving layer 5.

[0051] Furthermore, during the sinking of the tunnel segment in S3, which is in the sinking stage, its anti-buoyancy stability is calculated as follows:

[0052]

[0053] Wherein, λ is the anti-buoyancy safety factor, which is taken as 1.01 to 1.05 during the sinking stage of the immersed tunnel section;

[0054] G1 is the weight of the pipe section (kN);

[0055] G2 is the self-weight of the outfitting components (kN);

[0056] n is the number of ballast water tanks;

[0057] γ w The weight of water injected into the ballast tank (kN / m³) 3 ).

[0058] b represents the design length (m) of the ballast tank;

[0059] l represents the design width (m) of the ballast tank;

[0060] h represents the water depth (m) in the ballast tank, and the value of h is adjusted according to the anti-buoyancy requirements;

[0061] B represents the design length of the pipe section (m);

[0062] L is the design width of the pipe section (m);

[0063] H represents the draft of the pipe section (m), and the value of H increases with the increase of the sinking depth.

[0064] γ′ w The water density around the pipe section (kN / m 3 ).

[0065] This invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Anyone inspired by this invention can derive other forms of products. However, regardless of any changes in shape or structure, any technical solution that is the same as or similar to this invention is within its protection scope.

Claims

1. A multi-layered submerged pipe structure that emerges from the water surface, characterized in that, The multi-layer immersed tube structure is applied in shallow water areas and includes several immersed tube sections (1), wherein the immersed tube section (1) includes: There are at least three application layers, including at least one use space layer (101), at least one immersed tube docking layer (102) and at least one ballast replacement layer (103); wherein, the highest application layer is the use space layer (101), and the top surface height of the use space layer (101) is greater than the water surface height, and the lowest application layer is the ballast replacement layer (103). The middle plate (2) is disposed between two adjacent application layers; Paving layer (5), which is set on the top surface of the top usable space layer (101); The paving layer is used for vehicle access or construction. The longitudinal length of the immersed tube docking layer (102) is greater than the longitudinal length of the use space layer (101). Between the highest use space layer (101) of the two docked immersed tube sections (1), a beam plate (10) is provided. The top surface height of the beam plate (10) is greater than the water surface height, and a paving layer (5) is provided on it.

2. The multi-layer submerged pipe structure emerging from the water surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The middle plate (2) is provided with several holes and hole covers.

3. The multi-layer submerged pipe structure that emerges from the water surface as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The hole and the cover are connected by a flange.

4. The multi-layer submerged pipe structure that emerges from the water surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The application layer is equipped with a vertically designed central partition wall (6).

5. The multi-layer submerged pipe structure emerging from the water surface as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The central partition wall (6) has several through holes arranged along the longitudinal direction.

6. The multi-layer submerged pipe structure emerging from the water surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The immersed tube section (1) consists of multiple columns. Two adjacent immersed tube sections (1) in the same column are connected by an immersed tube docking layer (102), and two adjacent immersed tube sections (1) in different columns are connected by a connecting component.

7. The multi-layer submerged pipe structure emerging from the water surface as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting components include brackets (8) and steel sections (9). The sidewalls (3) between two adjacent immersed tube sections (1) in different columns are provided with brackets (8), and several steel sections (9) are laid between two adjacent brackets (8).

8. The multi-layer submerged pipe structure emerging from the water surface as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A paving layer (5) is provided on the steel section (9) located above the water surface.

9. The multi-layer submerged pipe structure emerging from the water surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight layer (4) is provided between the top surface of the paving layer (5) and the top surface of the highest usable space layer (101).

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