Aluminum-steel bimetallic composite and method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

This invention discloses an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material and its manufacturing method. The aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material includes a matrix steel, a copper transition layer, an aluminum-magnesium alloy, and metal wires. The metal wires penetrate the copper transition layer, with one end located in the matrix steel and the other end located in the aluminum-magnesium alloy. The metal wires are tantalum wires, niobium wires, or tungsten wires. A gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material is located between the metal wires and the matrix steel, and a gradient solid solution is located between the metal wires and the aluminum-magnesium alloy. The manufacturing method of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material adopts a combination of macroscopic heterogeneous structure interlocking and microscopic gradient structure fusion. The macroscopic heterogeneous structure interlocking is achieved by using a two-step lost foam casting method with high-strength metal wires. The microscopic gradient structure fusion is obtained by heat treatment under the action of an alternating magnetic field, which better improves the shear strength of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material interface. This method is a continuous, reliable, and rapid method for manufacturing aluminum-steel bimetallic composite materials through casting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bimetallic composite material technology, and relates to aluminum-steel bimetallic composite materials and their manufacturing methods. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum possesses excellent physicochemical properties such as light weight, high electrical and thermal conductivity, easy ductility, and corrosion resistance. Steel, on the other hand, has been developed over nearly a century, and both aluminum and steel are recognized as the most widely used basic metallic materials. Aluminum-steel bimetallic composite joint structures combine the superior properties of both materials, effectively reducing the weight of structural components while maintaining high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. This saves materials and improves the reliability of the system structure, leading to their widespread application in aerospace, space technology, nuclear industry, microelectronics, automotive, and petrochemical fields. However, due to the significant differences in the physicochemical properties of aluminum and steel, metallurgical reactions readily generate brittle intermetallic compounds such as FeAl3, Fe2Al, Fe2Al7, Fe2Al5, and FeAl2, posing a challenge to the fabrication of a superior aluminum-steel bimetallic interface.

[0003] Currently, there are several main approaches to achieving aluminum-steel bimetallic composite materials. One approach is to add flux, brazing filler metal, or alloy components to create a transition layer between the aluminum and steel interfaces during welding, reducing the formation of brittle compounds in the aluminum and steel, thereby enabling the welding of aluminum-steel joints, such as brazing, flux-cored wire welding, and resistance spot welding. Another approach is to rely on methods such as hot rolling and cold pressing to achieve bonding between aluminum and steel at the interface under the action of heat and force, such as hot rolling welding. A third approach is to use mechanical connection methods, relying on rivets, bolts, etc., to achieve the connection between aluminum and steel.

[0004] Using existing methods, whether through welding, hot rolling, or mechanical joining, aluminum-steel bimetallic composite materials cannot simultaneously improve the shear strength of the aluminum-steel interface and reduce the brittle intermetallic compounds at the aluminum-steel interface. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material that solves the problems of existing aluminum-steel composite materials having a large number of brittle intermetallic compounds and low interfacial shear strength.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material.

[0007] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material, comprising a matrix steel, a copper transition layer, an aluminum-magnesium alloy, and a metal wire. The metal wire penetrates the copper transition layer, with one end located in the matrix steel and the other end located in the aluminum-magnesium alloy. The metal wire is a tantalum wire, a niobium wire, or a tungsten wire.

[0008] It also includes gradient wear-resistant carbide composite materials, located between the metal wire and the matrix steel, with a diffusion radius of 200μm to 290μm.

[0009] It also includes gradient solid solutions, located between the metal wire and the aluminum-magnesium alloy, with a diffusion radius of 150μm to 210μm.

[0010] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is a method for manufacturing aluminum-steel bimetallic composite materials, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Insert the metal wires longitudinally into the lost foam I to form an array arrangement. The metal wires extend 15mm to 30mm beyond the surface of the lost foam I. Apply refractory coating to the surface of the lost foam I and dry it. Then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand and compact it.

[0012] Step 2: Smelt the base steel into molten metal and pour it into the lost foam casting I. Then, perform heat treatment by cooling the temperature to 800-950℃.

[0013] Step 3: Electroplating pure copper on the contact surface of the composite formed by the base steel and the metal wire to form a copper transition layer; preparing lost foam II on the surface of the copper transition layer; applying refractory coating to the surface of lost foam II and drying it; then packing it into a box and filling the box with dry sand and compacting it.

[0014] Step 4: Smelt the aluminum-magnesium alloy into molten metal and pour it into the lost foam casting II. Then, perform a heat treatment at 340-550℃ to obtain the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material.

[0015] The diameter of the metal wire is 1mm to 3mm.

[0016] In step 2, the base steel is smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam casting I. During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled at 1500-1600℃ and the pouring time is 40-50 seconds.

[0017] In step 2, an alternating magnetic field is added during the heat treatment, and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0-0.15T.

[0018] In step 3, pure copper is electroplated on the contact surface of the composite formed by the base steel and the metal wire. The copper electroplating is performed by DC constant voltage, with a voltage range of 12V to 30V and a deposition time of 10min to 30min. The temperature of the ionic liquid electroplating solution is 70 to 150℃.

[0019] In step 4, the aluminum-magnesium alloy is smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam casting II. During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled at 630-730℃ and the pouring time is 40-50 seconds.

[0020] In step 4, an alternating magnetic field is added during the heat treatment, and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0-0.13T.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) Using copper as a transition interlayer at the steel-aluminum interface completely suppresses the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds between aluminum and steel, thus improving the strength of the aluminum-steel joint.

[0023] (2) The metal wire penetrates the copper transition layer, with one end located in the base steel and the other end located in the aluminum-magnesium alloy. The presence of the interlayer metal wire can hinder the thermal expansion and contraction behavior between the metal bonding layers and distribute the force evenly to the lateral section of each metal column, thereby improving the interface shear strength.

[0024] (3) By combining macroscopic heterostructure interlocking with microscopic gradient structure fusion, a method is provided to provide a continuous, reliable, high-strength, and rapid manufacturing method for aluminum-steel bimetallic composite materials through casting. Macroscopic heterostructure interlocking is achieved by using a two-step lost foam casting method to bond high-strength metal wires, while microscopic gradient structure fusion is obtained by heat treatment under the action of an alternating magnetic field.

[0025] (4) Under the action of heat treatment and magnetic field, the metal wire and the carbon in the steel will form a gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material, and the metal wire and the aluminum-magnesium alloy will form a gradient solid solution. Under the synergistic effect of the metal wire, copper transition layer, gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material and gradient solid solution, the shear strength of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material interface is better improved. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of pouring molten steel matrix into lost foam casting I in the manufacturing method of aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat treatment process in the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material manufacturing method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the copper electrodeposition process in the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material manufacturing method of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process of pouring aluminum-magnesium alloy liquid into lost foam II in the manufacturing method of aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the internal gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material and gradient solid solution of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure, 1. Metal wire, 2. Lost foam I, 3. Dry sand, 4. Matrix steel, 5. Alternating magnetic field, 6. Gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material, 7. Copper transition layer, 8. Aluminum-magnesium alloy, 9. Gradient solid solution, 10. Lost foam II. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A method for manufacturing an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Prepare several metal wires 1, which are tantalum wires with a diameter d of 1 mm. Grind and pickle the tantalum wires. Then, insert the tantalum wires longitudinally into the lost foam I2 made of ESP foam to form an array arrangement. The tantalum wires extend 15 mm beyond the surface of the lost foam I2. Apply refractory coating to the surface of the lost foam I2 and dry it. Repeat the application of refractory coating and drying once. Then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand 3 and vibrate it to compact it.

[0037] Step 2, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The base steel 4 is smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam I2. The base steel 4 is ZG15 steel. During the pouring process, the temperature of the ZG15 steel molten metal is controlled at 1500℃ and the pouring time is 45s. One minute after the pouring is completed, the riser is used for supplementary pouring. Then, the temperature is reduced to 800℃ and heat treatment is carried out. At the same time as the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field 5 is added and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0T. The tantalum wire and the carbon in the base steel generate wear-resistant carbides. A gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material 6 with a diffusion radius of 200μm is formed between the tantalum wire and the base steel 4.

[0038] Step 3, refer to Figure 3 Pure copper is electroplated on the contact surface of the composite formed by the base steel 4 and the metal wire 1 to form a copper transition layer 7. The copper electroplating is carried out by DC constant voltage, with a voltage range of 15V and a deposition time of 30min. The temperature of the ionic liquid electroplating solution is 100℃.

[0039] Step 4: Prepare lost foam II10 on the surface of copper transition layer 7 using ESP foam, apply refractory coating to the surface of lost foam II10 and dry it, repeat the application of refractory coating and drying operation once, then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand 3 and vibrate it compacted.

[0040] Step 5, refer to Figure 4The 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy 8 was smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam casting II 10. During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten metal was controlled at 630℃ and the pouring time was 40s. One minute after the pouring was completed, the metal was replenished by the riser. Then, a heat treatment of 340℃ was carried out. During the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field 5 was added and the magnetic field strength was adjusted to 0T. During the heat treatment, tantalum atoms dissolved into the lattice of the aluminum-magnesium alloy to form a solid solution. A gradient solid solution 9 with a diffusion radius of 150μm was formed between the tantalum wire and the 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy. Finally, an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material was obtained.

[0041] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The manufactured aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material includes a matrix steel 4, a copper transition layer 7, an aluminum-magnesium alloy 8, a metal wire 1, a gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material 6, and a gradient solid solution 9. The copper transition layer 7 is located between the matrix steel 4 and the aluminum-magnesium alloy 8. The metal wire 1 penetrates the copper transition layer 7, with one end located in the matrix steel 4 and the other end located in the aluminum-magnesium alloy 8. The gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material 6 is located between the metal wire 1 and the matrix steel 4, with a diffusion radius of 200 μm. The gradient solid solution 9 is located between the metal wire 1 and the aluminum-magnesium alloy 8, with a diffusion radius of 150 μm.

[0042] The interfacial shear strength of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material manufactured in Example 1 was tested and found to be 112.3 MPa.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A method for manufacturing an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Prepare several metal wires, the metal wires are niobium wires, the diameter d of the niobium wires is 2mm, grind the niobium wires, pickle them, and then insert the niobium wires longitudinally into the lost foam I2 made of ESP foam to form an array arrangement. The niobium wires extend 20mm beyond the surface of the lost foam I2. Apply refractory coating to the surface of the lost foam I2 and dry it. Repeat the operation of applying refractory coating and drying once, and then pack it into a box. Fill the box with 3 liters of dry sand and vibrate it to compact it.

[0046] Step 2: The base steel 4 is smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam casting I2. The base steel 4 is 00Cr12 steel. During the pouring process, the temperature of the 00Cr12 steel molten metal is controlled at 1550℃ and the pouring time is 40s. One minute after the pouring is completed, the riser is used for supplementary pouring. Then, the temperature is reduced to 900℃ for heat treatment. At the same time as the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field 5 is added and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0.05T. The niobium wire and the carbon in the base steel generate wear-resistant carbides, forming a gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material 6 with a diffusion radius of 230μm between the niobium wire and the base steel.

[0047] Step 3: Electroplating pure copper on the contact surface of the composite formed by 00Cr12 steel and metal wire to form a copper transition layer 7. Electrodeposition of copper is carried out by DC constant voltage, with a voltage range of 12V and a deposition time of 25min. The temperature of the ionic liquid electroplating solution is 120℃.

[0048] Step 4: Prepare lost foam II 10 on the surface of copper transition layer using ESP foam, apply refractory coating to the surface of lost foam II and dry it, repeat the application of refractory coating and drying operation once, then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand 3 and vibrate it compacted.

[0049] Step 5: Smelt 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy into molten metal and pour it into the lost foam casting mold II. During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled at 650℃ and the pouring time is 45s. One minute after the pouring is completed, the metal is poured again through the riser. Then, a heat treatment of 450℃ is carried out. During the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field is added and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0.05T. During the heat treatment, niobium atoms will dissolve into the lattice of the aluminum-magnesium alloy to form a solid solution. A gradient solid solution 9 with a diffusion radius of 170μm is formed between the niobium wire and the 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy. Finally, an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material is obtained.

[0050] The interfacial shear strength of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material manufactured in Example 2 was tested and found to be 129.6 MPa.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] A method for manufacturing an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Prepare several metal wires, which are tungsten wires with a diameter of 3mm. Grind and acid-wash the tungsten wires. Then, insert the tungsten wires longitudinally into the lost foam I2 made of ESP foam to form an array arrangement. The tungsten wires extend 30mm beyond the surface of lost foam I2. Apply refractory coating to the surface of lost foam I2 and dry it. Repeat the application of refractory coating and drying once. Then pack it into a box and fill the box with 3g of dry sand and vibrate it to compact.

[0054] Step 2: The base steel 4 is smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam I2. The base steel 4 is 304 steel. During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten 304 steel is controlled at 1600℃ and the pouring time is 40s. One minute after the pouring is completed, the riser is used for supplementary pouring. Then, the temperature is reduced to 950℃ for heat treatment. At the same time as the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field 5 is added and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0.1T. The tungsten wire and the carbon in the base steel generate wear-resistant carbides, forming a gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material 6 with a diffusion radius of 250μm between the tungsten wire and the base steel.

[0055] Step 3: Electroplating pure copper on the contact surface of the composite formed by 304 steel and tungsten wire to form a copper transition layer. Electrodeposition of copper is performed using DC constant voltage, with a voltage range of 20V and a deposition time of 15min. The temperature of the ionic liquid electroplating solution is 70℃.

[0056] Step 4: Prepare lost foam II on the surface of copper transition layer using ESP foam, apply refractory coating to the surface of lost foam II and dry it, repeat the application of refractory coating and drying operation once, then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand 3 and vibrate it compacted.

[0057] Step 5: Smelt 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy into molten metal and pour it into the lost foam casting mold II. During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled at 700℃ and the pouring time is 50s. One minute after the pouring is completed, the metal is poured again through the riser. Then, a heat treatment of 500℃ is carried out. During the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field is added and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0.1T. During the heat treatment, tungsten atoms will dissolve into the lattice of the aluminum-magnesium alloy to form a solid solution. A gradient solid solution with a diffusion radius of 190μm is formed between the tungsten wire and the 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy. Finally, an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material is obtained.

[0058] The interfacial shear strength of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material manufactured in Example 3 was tested and found to be 140.3 MPa.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] A method for manufacturing an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material includes the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Prepare several metal wires, the metal wires are tantalum wires, the diameter of the tantalum wires is 3mm, grind the tantalum wires, pickle them, and then insert the tantalum wires longitudinally into the lost foam I2 made of ESP foam to form an array arrangement. The tantalum wires extend 30mm beyond the surface of the lost foam I2. Apply refractory coating to the surface of the lost foam I2 and dry it. Repeat the operation of applying refractory coating and drying once. Then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand 3 and vibrate it compacted.

[0062] Step 2: The base steel is smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam casting I. The base steel is ZG15 steel. During the pouring process, the temperature of the ZG15 steel molten metal is controlled at 1500℃ and the pouring time is 50s. One minute after the pouring is completed, the riser is used for supplementary pouring. Then, the temperature is reduced to 950℃ for heat treatment. During the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field 5 is added and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0.15T. The tantalum wire and the carbon in the base steel generate wear-resistant carbides, forming a gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material 6 with a diffusion radius of 290μm between the tantalum wire and the base steel.

[0063] Step 3: Electroplating pure copper on the contact surface of the composite formed by ZG15 steel and metal wire to form a copper transition layer 7. Electrodeposition of copper is carried out by DC constant voltage, with a voltage range of 30V, a deposition time of 10min, and a temperature of ionic liquid electroplating solution of 150℃.

[0064] Step 4: Prepare lost foam II on the surface of copper transition layer using ESP foam, apply refractory coating to the surface of lost foam II and dry it, repeat the application of refractory coating and drying operation once, then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand 3 and vibrate it compacted.

[0065] Step 5: Smelt 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy into molten metal and pour it into the lost foam casting mold II. During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled at 730℃ and the pouring time is 45s. One minute after the pouring is completed, the metal is poured again through the riser. Then, a heat treatment of 450℃ is carried out. During the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field is added and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0.13T. During the heat treatment, tantalum atoms will dissolve into the crystal lattice of the aluminum-magnesium alloy to form a solid solution. A gradient solid solution with a diffusion radius of 210μm is formed between the tantalum wire and the 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy. Finally, an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material is obtained.

[0066] The interfacial shear strength of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material prepared in Example 4 was tested and found to be 158.2 MPa.

[0067] Example 5

[0068] A method for manufacturing an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Prepare several metal wires, the metal wires are niobium wires, the diameter of the niobium wires is 2mm, grind the niobium wires, pickle them, and then insert the niobium wires longitudinally into the lost foam I made of ESP foam to form an array arrangement. The niobium wires extend 20mm beyond the surface of lost foam I. Apply refractory coating to the surface of lost foam I and dry it. Repeat the operation of applying refractory coating and drying once. Then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand and vibrate it compacted.

[0070] Step 2: The base steel 4 is smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam casting I. The base steel 4 is 00Cr12 steel. During the pouring process, the temperature of the 00Cr12 steel molten metal is controlled at 1550℃ and the pouring time is 40s. One minute after the pouring is completed, the metal is poured again through the riser. Then, the temperature is lowered to 950℃ for heat treatment. At the same time as the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field 5 is added and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0.15T. The niobium wire and the carbon in the base steel generate wear-resistant carbides, forming a gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material 6 with a diffusion radius of 290μm between the niobium wire and the base steel.

[0071] Step 3: Electroplating pure copper on the contact surface of the composite formed by 00Cr12 steel and metal wire to form a copper transition layer 7. Electrodeposition of copper is carried out by DC constant voltage, with a voltage range of 12V and a deposition time of 25min. The temperature of the ionic liquid electroplating solution is 120℃.

[0072] Step 4: Prepare lost foam II on the surface of copper transition layer using ESP foam, apply refractory coating to the surface of lost foam II and dry it, repeat the application of refractory coating and drying operation once, then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand 3 and vibrate it compacted.

[0073] Step 5: Smelt 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy into molten metal and pour it into the lost foam casting mold II. During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled at 700℃ and the pouring time is 50s. One minute after the pouring is completed, the metal is poured again through the riser. Then, a heat treatment of 550℃ is carried out. During the heat treatment, an alternating magnetic field is added and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0.13T. During the heat treatment, niobium atoms will dissolve into the lattice of the aluminum-magnesium alloy to form a solid solution. A gradient solid solution with a diffusion radius of 210μm is formed between the niobium wire and the 5052 aluminum-magnesium alloy. Finally, an aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material is obtained.

[0074] The interfacial shear strength of the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material manufactured in Example 5 was tested and found to be 138.4 MPa.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing aluminum-steel bimetallic composite materials, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Insert the metal wire (1) longitudinally into the lost foam I (2) to form an array. The metal wire (1) extends 15mm to 30mm beyond the surface of the lost foam I (2). Apply refractory coating to the surface of the lost foam I (2) and dry it. Then pack it into a box and fill the box with dry sand (3) and compact it. Step 2: Smelt the base steel (4) into molten metal and pour it into the lost foam I (2). When the temperature is reduced to 800-950℃, perform heat treatment. In step 2, an alternating magnetic field (5) is added during the heat treatment, and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0-0.15T. Step 3: Electroplating pure copper on the contact surface of the composite formed by the base steel (4) and the metal wire (1) to form a copper transition layer (7), preparing lost foam II (10) on the surface of the copper transition layer (7), applying refractory coating to the surface of lost foam II (10) and drying it, then packing it into a box, filling the box with dry sand (3) and compacting it. Step 4: Smelt the aluminum-magnesium alloy (8) into molten metal and pour it into the lost foam II (10), and then perform heat treatment at 340-550℃ to obtain aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material. The aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material includes a matrix steel (4), a copper transition layer (7), an aluminum-magnesium alloy (8), and a metal wire (1). The metal wire (1) penetrates the copper transition layer (7), with one end located in the matrix steel (4) and the other end located in the aluminum-magnesium alloy (8). The metal wire (1) is a niobium wire or a tungsten wire.

2. The method for manufacturing the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the metal wire (1) is 1 mm to 3 mm.

3. The method for manufacturing the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the base steel (4) is smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam I (2). During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled at 1500-1600℃ and the pouring time is 40s-50s. After the pouring is completed, the riser is used for supplementary pouring.

4. The method for manufacturing the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, pure copper is electroplated on the contact surface of the composite formed by the base steel (4) and the metal wire (1). The copper electroplating is carried out by constant DC voltage, with a voltage range of 12V to 30V, a deposition time of 10min to 30min, and a temperature of ionic liquid electroplating solution of 70 to 150℃.

5. The method for manufacturing the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the aluminum-magnesium alloy (8) is smelted into molten metal and poured into the lost foam II (10). During the pouring process, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled at 630-730℃ and the pouring time is 40-50s. After the pouring is completed, the riser is used for additional pouring.

6. The method for manufacturing the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, an alternating magnetic field (5) is added during the heat treatment, and the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0 to 0.13T.

7. The method for manufacturing the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material also includes a gradient wear-resistant carbide composite material (6), located between the metal wire (1) and the matrix steel (4), with a diffusion radius of 200μm to 290μm.

8. The method for manufacturing the aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The aluminum-steel bimetallic composite material also includes a gradient solid solution (9) located between the metal wire (1) and the aluminum-magnesium alloy (8), with a diffusion radius of 150μm to 210μm.

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