A composite oil phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite oil phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive and a preparation method thereof. The composite oil phase material includes an oxygen coordination type polymer emulsifier and an oil phase material (hydrogenated poly-α-olefin (PAO), hydrogenated abietinol, hydrogenated beeswax, hydrogenated turpentine). The ammonium oil explosive prepared by using the composite oil phase material can overcome the disadvantages of ammonium oil mixed explosive, effectively improve the explosion power, sympathetic detonation speed and detonation sensitivity of ammonium oil mixed explosive, and can extend the storage stability period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an oil-phase material, and in particular to a composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosives and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is a powdery or granular explosive mixture composed of ammonium nitrate and fuel without a sensitizer of powerful explosive, mainly applicable to open-pit blasting projects without the danger of methane and mine dust explosion, including powdery ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, granular viscous explosive, and thickened granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive. The most significant characteristics of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive include: low cost, simple production, and relatively insensitive. This determines that it can only adopt a powerful initiation method and be used in large-aperture, large-dose open-pit large blasting occasions. The processing technology of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is simple, the components do not contain powerful explosives and high-energy substances, and at the same time do not contain toxic and harmful substances, and it also has relatively ideal detonation performance, meeting the strategic requirements of national sustainable development. It is an important direction for the development of industrial explosives. However, ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive currently still has disadvantages such as low explosion power, low detonation velocity, low detonation sensitivity, and short storage period, which limit the application range of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the physical, chemical, and explosion properties of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive through oil-phase materials, which has important theoretical and practical significance for promoting the development of industrial explosives, can improve the quality of engineering blasting, and increase the economic benefits of civil explosive equipment production and mining enterprises. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is aimed at the problems of poor stability of existing integrated oil-phase products and the problems of low explosion power, low detonation velocity, low detonation sensitivity, and short storage period of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] Among them, the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosives includes the following parts by weight:

[0006] Oxygen coordination type polymer emulsifier 5 - 15, the polymer emulsifier is a high-nitrogen content type of polyisobutylene succinimide, and the high-nitrogen content type of polyisobutylene succinimide is one or more of the products of the acylation reaction of different substitution degrees between melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, and then through hydrogenation coordination with oxygen, an oxygen coordination type polymer emulsifier is obtained;

[0007] Oil-phase material 85 - 95, the oil-phase material is a combination of two or more of hydrogenated poly-α-olefin (PAO), hydrogenated abietinol, hydrogenated beeswax, and hydrogenated turpentine.

[0008] Among them, the structural formulas of the high-nitrogen-type polyisobutylene succinimide are shown as A, B, and C below:

[0009] .

[0010] Among them, R in the high-nitrogen-type polyisobutylene succinimide is a polyisobutylene group, and the number-average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene group is 500-2000.

[0011] Among them, for the composite oil phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive and its preparation method, first, an amidation reaction is carried out between melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, and then oxygen is introduced to carry out an oxidation reaction. After the reaction is completed, the pH is adjusted with an organic base to obtain an oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier, and then it is mixed with the oil phase material obtained by hydrogenating the oil phase material precursor to prepare the composite oil phase material. The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0012] 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride are fed in a certain molar ratio. Under the action of an acidic catalyst, the reaction temperature is controlled at 100°C to 150°C for the acylation reaction. During the reaction process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.02 MPa to -0.1 MPa. After the reaction is completed, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 to 7.5 with an organic base to obtain the high-nitrogen-type polyisobutylene succinimide;

[0013] 2) Preparation process of the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier: The polymer emulsifier is added to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and oxygen is introduced for the oxygen coordination reaction. The pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle is controlled at 0.05 MPa to 1 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 25°C to 60°C, and stirring is carried out for 0.1 hour to 2 hours. After the reaction is completed, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier;

[0014] 3) Preparation process of the oil phase material: The oil phase material precursor is added to a high-pressure reaction kettle, hydrogen is introduced for the hydrogenation reaction, a hydrogenation catalyst is added, the pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle is controlled at 0.2 MPa to 1 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 50°C to 100°C, and vigorous stirring is carried out for 0.5 hour to 4 hours to obtain the oil phase material;

[0015] 4) Preparation process of the composite oil phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive: The oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier and the oil phase material are put into the reaction kettle at room temperature in proportion and stirred and mixed for 0.5 hour to 4 hours.

[0016] Among them, the acidic catalyst is one of nitric acid and methanesulfonic acid.

[0017] Among them, the organic base is one of octylamine and dodecylamine.

[0018] Among them, the oil-phase material precursor is one or more of poly-α-olefin (PAO), abietinol, beeswax, and turpentine.

[0019] Among them, the hydrogenation catalyst is a platinum-palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst.

[0020] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1) The oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier coordinates through nitrogen and oxygen elements to form a polymer emulsifier with a high oxygen content. The high oxygen content and high nitrogen content can enhance the sensitivity of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and make up for the defect of poor sensitivity of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive;

[0022] 2) The oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier has an ashless dispersion effect and can enhance the full combustion performance;

[0023] 3) The oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier has excellent adsorption and dispersion properties and water resistance, can evenly coat the surface of ammonium nitrate particles, effectively prevent water absorption during storage, and extend the storage stability period;

[0024] 4) The oil-phase material is prepared by using a hydrogenated oil-phase precursor. After hydrogenation, the combustion calorific value of the oil-phase precursor can be increased, and it is not easy to deteriorate during long-term storage, thereby enhancing the brisance, detonation velocity of the emulsion explosive and extending the storage stability;

[0025] 5) The oil-phase material is selected in a combination of natural materials and synthetic materials, and the composite oil-phase material that needs to be scrapped after the quality guarantee period is easier to biodegradable. Embodiment

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Example 1

[0027] Oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier (the number-average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene group is 900) 10 kg

[0028] Oil-phase material 90 kg

[0029] The preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is as follows:

[0030] 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride are fed in a molar ratio of 1:1. Under the action of an acidic catalyst (methanesulfonic acid), the acylation reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature of 105°C. During the reaction process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.08 MPa. After the reaction is completed, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.5 with an organic base (dodecylamine) to obtain a high-nitrogen type polyisobutylene succinimide;

[0031] 2) Preparation process of the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier: The polymer emulsifier is added to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and oxygen is introduced for the oxygen-coordination reaction. The pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle is controlled at 0.2 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 40°C, and stirring is carried out for 0.5 hours. After the reaction is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature to obtain the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier;

[0032] 3) Preparation process of the oil-phase material: The oil-phase material precursors (50 kg of poly-α-olefin (PAO), 30 kg of abietinol, 10 kg of beeswax) are added to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and hydrogen is introduced for the hydrogenation reaction. A hydrogenation catalyst (platinum-palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst) is added. The pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle is controlled at 0.4 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 90°C, and vigorous stirring is carried out for 2 hours to obtain the oil-phase material;

[0033] 4) Preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium-oil mixed explosives: The oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier and the oil-phase material are put into a reaction kettle at room temperature in proportion and stirred and mixed for 0.5 hours to obtain the composite oil-phase material A. Example 2

[0034] Oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier (number-average molecular weight of polyisobutylene group is 900) 12 kg

[0035] Oil-phase material 88 kg

[0036] The preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium-oil mixed explosives is as follows:

[0037] 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride are fed in a molar ratio of 2.5:1. Under the action of an acidic catalyst (methanesulfonic acid), the acylation reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature of 110°C. During the reaction process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.09 MPa. After the reaction is completed, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.5 with an organic base (dodecylamine) to obtain a high-nitrogen type polyisobutylene succinimide;

[0038] 2) Preparation process of the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier: The polymer emulsifier is added to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and oxygen is introduced for the oxygen-coordination reaction. The pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle is controlled at 0.4 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 50°C, and stirring is carried out for 1 hour. After the reaction is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature to obtain the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier;

[0039] 3) Preparation process of the oil-phase material: Add the precursors of the oil-phase material (40 kg of poly-α-olefin (PAO), 10 kg of abietyl alcohol, 13 kg of beeswax, 25 kg of turpentine) into a high-pressure reactor, introduce hydrogen for hydrogenation reaction, add a hydrogenation catalyst (platinum-palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst), control the pressure in the high-pressure reactor at 0.5 MPa, control the temperature at 95 °C, and stir vigorously for 2.5 hours to obtain the oil-phase material;

[0040] 4) Preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive: Put the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier and the oil-phase material into the reactor at room temperature in proportion, stir and mix for 1 hour to obtain the composite oil-phase material B. Example 3

[0041] Oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier (number-average molecular weight of polyisobutylene group is 1000) 15 kg

[0042] Oil-phase material 85 kg

[0043] The preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive is as follows:

[0044] 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Charge melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride according to a molar ratio of 3:1, carry out acylation reaction at 120 °C under the action of an acidic catalyst (nitric acid), control the vacuum degree at -0.08 MPa during the reaction process, and after the reaction is completed, adjust the pH value to 6.5 - 7.5 with an organic base (octylamine) to obtain a high-nitrogen type polyisobutylene succinimide;

[0045] 2) Preparation process of the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier: Add the polymer emulsifier into a high-pressure reactor, introduce oxygen for oxygen coordination reaction, control the pressure in the high-pressure reactor at 0.5 MPa, control the temperature at 45 °C, stir for 1.5 hours, and after the reaction is completed, cool down to room temperature to obtain the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier;

[0046] 3) Preparation process of the oil-phase material: Add the precursors of the oil-phase material (15 kg of abietyl alcohol, 10 kg of beeswax, 60 kg of turpentine) into a high-pressure reactor, introduce hydrogen for hydrogenation reaction, add a hydrogenation catalyst (platinum-palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst), control the pressure in the high-pressure reactor at 0.5 MPa, control the temperature at 95 °C, and stir vigorously for 2.5 hours to obtain the oil-phase material;

[0047] 4) Preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive: Put the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier and the oil-phase material into the reactor at room temperature in proportion, stir and mix for 2 hours to obtain the composite oil-phase material C. Example 4

[0048] Oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier (number-average molecular weight of polyisobutylene group is 1500) 6 kg

[0049] Oil-phase material 94 kg

[0050] The preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive is as follows:

[0051] 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride are fed in a molar ratio of 2:1. Under the action of an acidic catalyst (methylsulfonic acid), the reaction temperature is controlled at 130 °C for acylation reaction. During the reaction process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.06 MPa. After the reaction is completed, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.5 with an organic base (octylamine) to obtain a high-nitrogen type polyisobutylene succinimide;

[0052] 2) Preparation process of the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier: The polymer emulsifier is added to a high-pressure reactor, and oxygen is introduced for oxygen coordination reaction. The pressure in the high-pressure reactor is controlled at 0.4 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 55 °C, and stirring is carried out for 1 hour. After the reaction is completed, the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier is obtained;

[0053] 3) Preparation process of the oil-phase material: The oil-phase material precursors (64 kg of poly-α-olefin (PAO), 15 kg of abietinol, 15 kg of beeswax) are added to a high-pressure reactor, hydrogen is introduced for hydrogenation reaction, a hydrogenation catalyst (platinum-palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst) is added, the pressure in the high-pressure reactor is controlled at 0.5 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 100 °C, and vigorous stirring is carried out for 2.5 hours to obtain the oil-phase material;

[0054] 4) Preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive: The oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier and the oil-phase material are added to the reactor at room temperature in proportion and stirred and mixed for 2.5 hours to obtain the composite oil-phase material D. Example 5

[0055] Oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier (number-average molecular weight of polyisobutylene group is 1200) 13 kg

[0056] Oil-phase material 87 kg

[0057] The preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive is as follows:

[0058] 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride are fed in a molar ratio of 1.5:1. Under the action of an acidic catalyst (nitric acid), the acylation reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature of 145 °C. During the reaction process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.04 MPa. After the reaction is completed, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.5 with an organic base (dodecylamine) to obtain a high-nitrogen type polyisobutylene succinimide;

[0059] 2) Preparation process of the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier: The polymer emulsifier is added to a high-pressure reactor, and oxygen is introduced for the oxygen-coordination reaction. The pressure in the high-pressure reactor is controlled at 0.7 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 40 °C, and stirring is carried out for 2 hours. After the reaction is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature to obtain the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier;

[0060] 3) Preparation process of the oil-phase material: The oil-phase material precursors (70 kg of poly-α-olefin (PAO) and 17 kg of abietinol) are added to a high-pressure reactor, and hydrogen is introduced for the hydrogenation reaction. A hydrogenation catalyst (platinum-palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst) is added. The pressure in the high-pressure reactor is controlled at 0.2 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 65 °C, and vigorous stirring is carried out for 3.5 hours to obtain the oil-phase material;

[0061] 4) Preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium-oil mixed explosives: The oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier and the oil-phase material are added to a reactor at room temperature in proportion and stirred and mixed for 2.5 hours to obtain the composite oil-phase material E. Example 6

[0062] 11 kg of oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier (number-average molecular weight of polyisobutylene group is 600)

[0063] 89 kg of oil-phase material

[0064] The preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium-oil mixed explosives is as follows:

[0065] 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride are fed in a molar ratio of 2.5:1. Under the action of an acidic catalyst (methanesulfonic acid), the acylation reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature of 115 °C. During the reaction process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.08 MPa. After the reaction is completed, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.5 with an organic base (octylamine) to obtain a high-nitrogen type polyisobutylene succinimide;

[0066] 2) Preparation process of the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier: The polymer emulsifier is added to a high-pressure reactor, and oxygen is introduced for the oxygen-coordination reaction. The pressure in the high-pressure reactor is controlled at 0.5 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 50 °C, and stirring is carried out for 1 hour. After the reaction is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature to obtain the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier;

[0067] 3) Preparation process of the oil-phase material: Add the precursors of the oil-phase material (60 kg of poly-α-olefin (PAO), 9 kg of beeswax, and 20 kg of turpentine) into a high-pressure reactor, introduce hydrogen for hydrogenation reaction, add a hydrogenation catalyst (platinum-palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst), control the pressure in the high-pressure reactor at 0.7 MPa, control the temperature at 80 °C, and stir vigorously for 2.5 hours to obtain the oil-phase material;

[0068] 4) Preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium-oil mixed explosive: Put the oxygen-coordinating polymer emulsifier and the oil-phase material into the reactor at room temperature in proportion, stir and mix for 2 hours to obtain the composite oil-phase material F. Example 7

[0069] 9 kg of oxygen-coordinating polymer emulsifier (the number-average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene group is 1800)

[0070] 91 kg of oil-phase material

[0071] The preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium-oil mixed explosive is as follows:

[0072] 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Charge melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride in a molar ratio of 2:1, carry out an acylation reaction under the action of an acidic catalyst (methylsulfonic acid), control the reaction temperature at 115 °C, control the vacuum degree at -0.08 MPa during the reaction, and after the reaction is completed, adjust the pH value to 6.5 - 7.5 with an organic base (dodecylamine) to obtain a high-nitrogen type polyisobutylene succinimide;

[0073] 2) Preparation process of the oxygen-coordinating polymer emulsifier: Add the polymer emulsifier into a high-pressure reactor, introduce oxygen for oxygen-coordination reaction, control the pressure in the high-pressure reactor at 0.3 MPa, control the temperature at 45 °C, stir for 1.5 hours, and after the reaction is completed, cool down to room temperature to obtain the oxygen-coordinating polymer emulsifier;

[0074] 3) Preparation process of the oil-phase material: Add the precursors of the oil-phase material (50 kg of poly-α-olefin (PAO), 11 kg of beeswax, and 30 kg of turpentine) into a high-pressure reactor, introduce hydrogen for hydrogenation reaction, add a hydrogenation catalyst (platinum-palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst), control the pressure in the high-pressure reactor at 0.5 MPa, control the temperature at 50 °C, and stir vigorously for 2.5 hours to obtain the oil-phase material;

[0075] 4) Preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium-oil mixed explosive: Put the oxygen-coordinating polymer emulsifier and the oil-phase material into the reactor at room temperature in proportion, stir and mix for 2 hours to obtain the composite oil-phase material G. Example 8

[0076] Oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier (number-average molecular weight of polyisobutylene group is 1000): 5 kg

[0077] Oil-phase material: 95 kg

[0078] The preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive is as follows:

[0079] 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride are fed in a molar ratio of 3:1. Under the action of an acidic catalyst (methylsulfonic acid), the acylation reaction is carried out by controlling the reaction temperature at 115 °C. During the reaction process, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.08 MPa. After the reaction is completed, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.5 with an organic base (octylamine) to obtain a high-nitrogen type polyisobutylene succinimide;

[0080] 2) Preparation process of the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier: The polymer emulsifier is added to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and oxygen is introduced for oxygen coordination reaction. The pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle is controlled at 0.4 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 40 °C, and stirring is carried out for 2 hours. After the reaction is completed, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier;

[0081] 3) Preparation process of the oil-phase material: The oil-phase material precursor (45 kg of poly-α-olefin (PAO) and 55 kg of turpentine) is added to a high-pressure reaction kettle, and hydrogen is introduced for hydrogenation reaction. A hydrogenation catalyst (platinum-palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst) is added. The pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle is controlled at 0.5 MPa, the temperature is controlled at 75 °C, and vigorous stirring is carried out for 3.5 hours to obtain the oil-phase material;

[0082] 4) Preparation process of the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive: The oxygen-coordinated polymer emulsifier and the oil-phase material are added to a reaction kettle at room temperature in proportion and stirred and mixed for 1.5 hours to obtain the composite oil-phase material H.

[0083] For the composite oil-phase materials A - H for ammonium oil mixed explosives prepared in Examples 1 to 8, the test formula for comparing the ammonium oil mixed explosive using the example products and the composite oil-phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive with a commercial competitor is ammonium nitrate 95% + composite oil-phase material (or commercial competitor) 5%. The specific test method follows the reference standards in GB 17583-1998 "Porous Granular Ammonium Oil Explosive". The test results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0084] Table 1 Test Results of Detonation Velocity Performance Index of Ammonium Oil Explosive

[0085]

[0086] According to the test method in the national standard GB / T 13228-1991 "Test Method for Detonation Velocity of Industrial Explosives", the test results are shown in Table 2. Among them, the experimental results of the detonation velocity performance indexes of Examples 1-8 are all better than those of commercially available competitors 1# and 2#, and Example 6 is the best; moreover, the storage stability of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives produced in Examples 1-8 is better than that of commercially available competitors 1# and 2#. After being stored for 9 months, the detonation velocity index still meets the standard requirements of GB 17583-1998 "Porous Granular Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Explosives", while commercially available competitors 1# and 2# have become ineffective after being stored for 9 months and cannot be tested for detonation velocity.

[0087] Table 2 Test Results of the Brisance Performance Indexes of Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Explosives

[0088]

[0089] According to the test method in the national standard GB / T 12440-1990 "Brisance Test of Explosives - Lead Cylinder Compression Method", the test results are shown in Table 2. Among them, the experimental results of the brisance performance indexes of Examples 1-8 are all better than those of commercially available competitors 1# and 2#, and Example 6 is the best; moreover, the storage stability of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives produced in Examples 1-8 is stronger than that of commercially available competitors 1# and 2#. After being stored for 9 months, the brisance index still meets the standard requirements of GB 17583-1998 "Porous Granular Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Explosives", while commercially available competitors 1# and 2# have become ineffective after being stored for 9 months and cannot be tested for brisance.

[0090] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite oil phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive, characterized in that The composite oil phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive comprises the following parts by weight: 5 - 15 parts of oxygen - coordinated polymer emulsifier, the polymer emulsifier is a high - nitrogen - content type of polyisobutylene succinimide, and the high - nitrogen - content type of polyisobutylene succinimide is one or more of the products with different substitution degrees in the acylation reaction of melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, and then through the oxidation coordination reaction with oxygen, the oxygen - coordinated polymer emulsifier is obtained; 85 - 95 parts of oil phase material, the oil phase material is a combination of two or more of hydrogenated poly - α - olefin, hydrogenated abietinol, hydrogenated beeswax, and hydrogenated turpentine; The structural formulas of the high - nitrogen - content type of polyisobutylene succinimide are shown in Figures A, B, and C below: In the high - nitrogen - content type of polyisobutylene succinimide, R is a polyisobutylene group, and the number - average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene group is 500 - 2000.

2. The preparation method of the composite oil phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that First, an amidation reaction is carried out between melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, and then oxygen is introduced for an oxidation reaction. After the reaction is completed, the pH is adjusted with an organic base to obtain the oxygen - coordinated polymer emulsifier, and then it is mixed with the oil phase material obtained by hydrogenating the oil phase material precursor to prepare the composite oil phase material. The specific preparation process is as follows: 1) Preparation process of the polymer emulsifier: Melamine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride are fed in a certain molar ratio, and under the action of an acidic catalyst, the acylation reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature of 100℃ - 150℃. During the reaction process, the vacuum degree is controlled at - 0.02MPa - - 0.1MPa. After the reaction is completed, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.5 with an organic base to obtain the high - nitrogen - content type of polyisobutylene succinimide; 2) Preparation process of the oxygen - coordinated polymer emulsifier: The polymer emulsifier is added to a high - pressure reaction kettle, and oxygen is introduced for an oxygen - coordination reaction. The pressure in the high - pressure reaction kettle is controlled at 0.05MPa - 1MPa, the temperature is controlled at 25℃ - 60℃, and it is vigorously stirred for 0.1 hour to 2 hours. After the reaction is completed, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain the oxygen - coordinated polymer emulsifier; 3) Preparation process of the oil phase material: The oil phase material precursor is added to a high - pressure reaction kettle, hydrogen is introduced for a hydrogenation reaction, a hydrogenation catalyst is added, the pressure in the high - pressure reaction kettle is controlled at 0.2MPa - 1MPa, the temperature is controlled at 50℃ - 100℃, and it is stirred for 0.5 hour to 4 hours to obtain the oil phase material; 4) Preparation process of the composite oil phase material for ammonium oil mixed explosive: The oxygen - coordinated polymer emulsifier and the oil phase material are put into a reaction kettle at room temperature according to the ratio and stirred and mixed for 0.5 hour to 4 hours; The acidic catalyst is one of nitric acid and methanesulfonic acid; The organic base is one of octylamine and dodecylamine; The oil phase material precursor is one or more of poly - α - olefin, abietinol, beeswax, and turpentine; The hydrogenation catalyst is a platinum - palladium honeycomb ceramic catalyst.

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