An ultra-high-speed laser cladding device and cladding method for automotive eccentric shafts

Abstract

This invention discloses an ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts, comprising a base, an adaptive tailstock tip at one end of the base, and a vertical support at the other end. The vertical support houses a speed-regulating motor and an automatic self-aligning chuck, with the chuck facing the adaptive tailstock tip. A horizontally arranged slide rail is mounted on the base, with a slidable slider on the rail. A powder collection box is mounted on the slider, and a support bracket for holding the automotive eccentric shaft is mounted on the powder collection box. A laser cladding head and a laser rangefinder are mounted above the support bracket, mounted on an external robotic arm. A controller is located on the base. This device uses the automatic self-aligning chuck to adjust the rotation center of the eccentric shaft in real time during the cladding process, thus ensuring a stable distance between the cladding head and the workpiece. The speed-regulating motor adjusts the workpiece rotation speed to ensure a uniform cladding scanning speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a manufacturing equipment for automotive eccentric shafts, and more specifically, to an ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts. Background Technology

[0002] In 2017, Ultra High-Speed ​​Laser Cladding (UHSL) technology was proposed by the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany, achieving cladding rates of 25–200 m / min. During the process, the laser is focused above the workpiece, ensuring that most of the energy is applied to the powder above the workpiece. This method minimizes the heat input to the substrate while guaranteeing a strong metallurgical bond between the powder and the substrate, typically with a dilution rate of only 2–4%. Therefore, ultra-thin, high-quality coatings can be produced. Depending on the cladding scanning speed, the coating thickness is generally between 25–400 μm, and the surface finish is excellent. It can be put into use after simple grinding and polishing, and is hailed as an advanced green manufacturing technology to replace traditional electroplating processes, with broad application prospects.

[0003] Laser power, laser cladding scanning speed, and other cladding parameters significantly affect the adhesion, quality, and thickness of ultra-high-speed laser cladding coatings. Therefore, ensuring stable cladding parameters is crucial for producing high-quality, uniformly thick cladding coatings. Currently developed ultra-high-speed laser cladding systems are generally applicable to rotating parts such as pipes and shafts. However, in the cladding process of eccentric shaft parts, the changes in the distance between the cladding head and the workpiece due to eccentricity during rotation, as well as variations in the cladding scanning speed, make it difficult to guarantee the quality of the cladding surface. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts is characterized in that it comprises a base, one end of which is provided with an adaptive tailstock tip, and the other end of which is provided with a vertical plate support. A speed-regulating motor and an automatic self-aligning chuck are mounted on the vertical plate support, with the automatic self-aligning chuck facing the adaptive tailstock tip.

[0007] The base is equipped with a horizontally arranged slide rail, which is located between the tip of the adaptive tailstock and the upright plate support.

[0008] The slide rail is equipped with a sliding slider, the slider has a powder collection box, and the powder collection box has a support bracket for placing the eccentric shaft of the automobile.

[0009] A laser cladding head and a laser ranging sensor are mounted on top of the support bracket. The laser cladding head and the laser ranging sensor are mounted on an external robotic arm.

[0010] The base is equipped with a controller, which controls the laser cladding head, the laser rangefinder sensor, and the speed-regulating motor.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0012] The automatic self-aligning chuck includes an intermediate disk and a three-jaw chuck, the three-jaw chuck being slidably connected to the intermediate disk, and the intermediate disk being driven by the speed-regulating motor.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0014] The three-jaw chuck and the intermediate disk are fitted together using a dovetail groove structure.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a lead screw is provided on the intermediate disk, and a connecting platform is provided on the lead screw. The connecting platform is connected to the three-jaw chuck by bolts. The lead screw drives the three-jaw chuck to slide. A gear II and a gear I are provided at the end of the lead screw. The gear II meshes with the gear I. The gear I is driven by a servo motor, and the servo motor is fixedly installed on the intermediate disk.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support bracket includes a column, which is detachably connected to the slider.

[0017] The column is provided with a damping spring at the top, and a Y-shaped bracket is provided at the top of the damping spring. The Y-shaped bracket is sleeved on the column, and several cylindrical rollers are provided on the inner side of the Y-shaped bracket.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive tailstock tip includes a tail tip support, the tail tip support is fixedly connected to the slide rail, the tail tip support is provided with a tail tip turntable, and the end face of the tail tip turntable is provided with a slidable tip.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tip and the tail tip turntable are connected by a dovetail groove.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the speed-regulating motor is a variable frequency speed-regulating motor.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controller is a PLC or a microcontroller.

[0022] This invention discloses an ultra-high-speed laser cladding method for automotive eccentric shafts, characterized by comprising:

[0023] Step S1: Measure the diameter D of each shaft segment of the eccentric shaft and the eccentricity e of the clamping segment, calculate the required rotational speed data for each shaft segment during the cladding process, and input the data into the controller.

[0024] Step S2: Clamp the eccentric shaft onto the auto-aligning chuck, move the adaptive tailstock tip to press against the shaft end away from the chuck, and adjust the support bracket 5 to support the eccentric part.

[0025] Step S3: Place the laser cladding head and laser rangefinder close to the area to be clad, adjust the focal length and preset parameters, and wait for the machine to start processing;

[0026] Step S4: First, start the speed-regulating motor. The controller automatically adjusts the rotation center of the eccentric shaft by receiving the distance information collected by the laser rangefinder sensor, so that the distance between the laser cladding head and the eccentric shaft is stable. Start the laser cladding head for processing. When cladding different shaft segments, the controller switches the preset speed of different shaft segments and automatically adjusts the rotation center to keep the distance between the cladding surface and the laser cladding head stable during the cladding process. After processing is completed, first turn off the laser cladding head, and then turn off the speed-regulating motor.

[0027] Step S5: After turning off the laser cladding head and the speed-regulating motor, remove the eccentric shaft from the automatic self-aligning chuck and wait for the next part to be processed.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The beneficial effects of this ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts:

[0030] 1) This device uses an automatic self-aligning chuck to adjust the rotation center of the eccentric shaft in real time during the cladding process, thus ensuring a stable distance between the cladding head and the workpiece. A speed-regulating motor adjusts the workpiece rotation speed to ensure a uniform cladding scanning speed. The support bracket reduces vibration caused by eccentricity during rotation. This device ensures stable process parameters when cladding eccentric shaft parts using ultra-high-speed laser cladding, reduces parameter adjustments during the cladding process, and can produce coatings with uniform thickness and stable quality.

[0031] 2) This device can improve the efficiency of ultra-high-speed cladding of eccentric shaft parts, and can complete the cladding of different shaft sections of the entire shaft in one clamping during the entire cladding process;

[0032] 3) This device can adapt to ultra-high-speed cladding processing of various eccentric shafts and has good versatility. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic self-aligning chuck in China;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle disk in the middle disk;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the Y-shaped bracket in the diagram;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the adaptive tailstock tip structure;

[0039] The markings in the diagram are explained as follows: 1. Base; 10. Speed-regulating motor; 100. Automotive eccentric shaft; 11. Controller; 12. Slide rail; 2. Adaptive tailstock center; 201. Tail tip support; 202. Tail tip turntable; 203. Center; 3. Powder collection box; 4. Slider; 5. Support bracket; 501. Column; 502. Damping spring; 503. Y-shaped bracket; 504. Cylindrical roller; 6. Laser cladding head; 7. Laser rangefinder sensor; 8. Automatic self-aligning chuck; 801. Servo motor; 802. Gear I; 803. Gear II; 804. Lead screw; 805. Connecting platform; 81. Three-jaw chuck; 82. Intermediate plate; 9. Vertical plate support. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby providing a clearer and more explicit definition of the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts includes a base 1. One end of the base 1 is provided with an adaptive tailstock tip 2, and the other end of the base 1 is provided with a vertical plate support 9. The vertical plate support 9 is provided with a speed-regulating motor 10 and an automatic self-aligning chuck 8, which faces the adaptive tailstock tip 2.

[0042] The speed-regulating motor 10 is a variable frequency speed-regulating motor.

[0043] The base 1 is provided with a horizontally arranged slide rail 12, which is located between the adaptive tailstock tip 2 and the upright plate support 9.

[0044] The slide rail 12 is provided with a sliding slider 4, the slider 4 is provided with a powder collection box 3, and the powder collection box 3 is provided with a support bracket 5 for placing the eccentric shaft 100 of the car.

[0045] A laser cladding head 6 and a laser rangefinder 7 are mounted on the upper part of the support bracket 5. The laser cladding head 6 and the laser rangefinder 7 are mounted on an external robotic arm.

[0046] The base 1 is equipped with a controller 11, which controls the laser cladding head 6, the laser rangefinder 7, and the speed-regulating motor 10.

[0047] It should be noted that the laser rangefinder 7 collects the distance information between the laser cladding head 6 and the eccentric shaft 100, feeds it back to the controller 11 for processing, and then controls the robot arm to adjust the distance between the laser cladding head 6 and the eccentric shaft 100.

[0048] In addition, controller 11 includes, but is not limited to, PLC, microcontroller and other controllers.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the automatic self-aligning chuck 8 includes an intermediate disk 82 and a three-jaw chuck 81. The three-jaw chuck 81 is slidably connected to the intermediate disk 82, and the intermediate disk 82 is drivenly connected to the speed regulating motor 10.

[0050] The three-jaw chuck 81 and the intermediate plate 82 are fitted together using a dovetail groove structure.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the intermediate disk 82 is provided with a lead screw 804, and the lead screw 804 is provided with a connecting platform 805. The connecting platform 805 is connected to the three-jaw chuck 81 by bolts. The lead screw 804 drives the three-jaw chuck 81 to slide. The end of the lead screw 804 is provided with a gear II 803 and a gear I 802. The gear II 803 meshes with the gear I 802. The gear I 802 is driven by a servo motor 801, which is fixedly installed on the intermediate disk 82.

[0052] The servo motor 801 is controlled by the controller 11.

[0053] It should be noted that the connecting table 805 has 6 threaded holes for fixing the three-jaw chuck 81 with bolts. The servo motor drives the gear I 802 to rotate and the transmission gear II 803 to rotate. The gear II 803 drives the lead screw 804 to rotate. The connecting table 805 converts the rotation of the lead screw 804 into linear motion, which drives the three-jaw chuck 81 fixed on the connecting table 805 to slide in the dovetail groove, thereby realizing the function of automatically adjusting the rotation center.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the support bracket 5 includes a column 501, which is detachably connected to the slider 4.

[0055] A damping spring 502 is provided at the top of the column 501, and a Y-shaped bracket 503 is provided at the top of the damping spring 502. The Y-shaped bracket 503 is fitted onto the column 501 with a clearance fit. Several cylindrical rollers 504 are provided on the inner side of the Y-shaped bracket 503. Each cylindrical roller 504 can rotate independently, supporting the workpiece to rotate on the support bracket 5.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the adaptive tailstock tip 2 includes a tail tip support 201, which is fixedly connected to the slide rail 12. A tail tip turntable 202 is provided on the tail tip support 201, and a slidable tip 203 is provided on the end face of the tail tip turntable 202.

[0057] The tip 203 and the tail tip turntable 202 are connected by a dovetail groove.

[0058] The following describes the operation of the ultra-high-speed laser cladding device used for automotive eccentric shafts, including:

[0059] Step S1: Measure the diameter D of each shaft segment of the eccentric shaft 100 and the eccentricity e of the clamping segment, calculate the rotational speed data required for each shaft segment during the cladding process, and input the data into the controller 11.

[0060] Step S2: Clamp the eccentric shaft 100 onto the auto-aligning chuck 8, move the adaptive tailstock tip 2 to press against the shaft end away from the chuck, and adjust the support bracket 5 to support the eccentric part.

[0061] Step S3: Bring the laser cladding head 6 and the laser range sensor 7 close to the area to be clad, adjust the focal length and preset parameters, and wait for the machine to start processing;

[0062] Step S4: First, start the speed-regulating motor 10. The controller 11 automatically adjusts the rotation center of the eccentric shaft 100 by receiving the distance information collected by the laser rangefinder 7, so that the distance between the laser cladding head 6 and the eccentric shaft 100 is stable. Start the laser cladding head 7 for processing. When cladding different shaft segments, the controller 11 switches the preset speed of different shaft segments and automatically adjusts the rotation center to keep the distance between the cladding surface and the laser cladding head 7 stable during the cladding process. After processing is completed, first turn off the laser cladding head 7, and then turn off the speed-regulating motor 10.

[0063] Step S5: After turning off the laser cladding head 7 and the speed-regulating motor 10, remove the eccentric shaft 100 from the automatic self-aligning chuck 8 and wait for the next part to be processed.

[0064] The beneficial effects of this ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts:

[0065] 4) This device uses an automatic self-aligning chuck to adjust the rotation center of the eccentric shaft in real time during the cladding process, thus ensuring a stable distance between the cladding head and the workpiece. The speed-regulating motor adjusts the workpiece rotation speed to ensure a uniform cladding scanning speed. The support bracket reduces vibration caused by eccentricity during rotation. This device ensures stable process parameters when cladding eccentric shaft parts using ultra-high-speed laser cladding, reduces parameter adjustments during the cladding process, and can produce coatings with uniform thickness and stable quality.

[0066] 5) This device can improve the efficiency of ultra-high-speed cladding of eccentric shaft parts, and can complete the cladding of different shaft sections of the entire shaft in one clamping during the entire cladding process;

[0067] 6) This device can adapt to ultra-high-speed cladding processing of various eccentric shafts and has good versatility.

[0068] Not limited to this, any variations or substitutions conceived without inventive effort should be included within the scope of protection of this invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts, characterized in that, The ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts includes a base (1), one end of which is provided with an adaptive tailstock tip (2), and the other end of which is provided with a vertical plate support (9). The vertical plate support (9) is provided with a speed-regulating motor (10) and an automatic self-aligning chuck (8), the automatic self-aligning chuck (8) facing the adaptive tailstock tip (2). The base (1) is provided with a horizontally arranged slide rail (12), which is located between the adaptive tailstock tip (2) and the upright plate support (9). The slide rail (12) is provided with a sliding slider (4), the slider (4) is provided with a powder collection box (3), and the powder collection box (3) is provided with a support bracket (5) for placing the eccentric shaft (100) of the automobile. A laser cladding head (6) and a laser rangefinder (7) are provided above the support bracket (5). The laser cladding head (6) and the laser rangefinder (7) are mounted on an external robotic arm. The base (1) is equipped with a controller (11), which controls the laser cladding head (6), the laser rangefinder (7), and the speed-regulating motor (10). The automatic self-aligning chuck (8) includes an intermediate disk (82) and a three-jaw chuck (81). The three-jaw chuck (81) is slidably connected to the intermediate disk (82), and the intermediate disk (82) is drivenly connected to the speed-regulating motor (10). The three-jaw chuck (81) and the intermediate disk (82) are fitted together using a dovetail groove structure. The intermediate disk (82) is provided with a lead screw (804), and the lead screw (804) is provided with a connecting platform (805). The connecting platform (805) is connected to the three-jaw chuck (81) by bolts. The lead screw (804) drives the three-jaw chuck (81) to slide. The end of the lead screw (804) is provided with a gear II (803) and a gear I (802). The gear II (803) meshes with the gear I (802). The gear I (802) is driven by a servo motor (801). The servo motor (801) is fixedly installed on the intermediate disk (82).

2. The ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support bracket (5) includes a column (501), which is detachably connected to the slider (4). The column (501) is provided with a damping spring (502) at the top, and the damping spring (502) is provided with a Y-shaped bracket (503) at the top. The Y-shaped bracket (503) is sleeved on the column (501), and the inner side of the Y-shaped bracket (503) is provided with several cylindrical rollers (504).

3. The ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive tailstock tip (2) includes a tail tip support (201), which is fixedly connected to the slide rail (12). A tail tip turntable (202) is provided on the tail tip support (201), and a slidable tip (203) is provided on the end face of the tail tip turntable (202).

4. The ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tip (203) and the tail tip turntable (202) are connected by a dovetail groove.

5. The ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed-regulating motor (10) is a variable frequency speed-regulating motor.

6. The ultra-high-speed laser cladding device for automotive eccentric shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (11) is a PLC or a microcontroller.

7. A method for ultra-high-speed laser cladding of automotive eccentric shafts, applied to the ultra-high-speed laser cladding apparatus for automotive eccentric shafts as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Include: Step S1: Measure the diameter D of each shaft segment of the eccentric shaft (100) and the eccentricity e of the clamping segment, calculate the rotational speed data required for each shaft segment during the cladding process, and input the data into the controller (11). Step S2: Clamp the eccentric shaft (100) on the auto-aligning chuck (8), move the adaptive tailstock tip (2) to press against the shaft end away from the chuck, and adjust the support bracket (5) to support the eccentric part. Step S3: Place the laser cladding head (6) and the laser range sensor (7) close to the area to be clad, adjust the focal length and preset parameters, and wait for the machine to start processing; Step S4: First, start the speed-regulating motor (10). The controller (11) automatically adjusts the rotation center of the eccentric shaft (100) by receiving the distance information collected by the laser rangefinder (7), so that the distance between the laser cladding head (6) and the eccentric shaft (100) is stable. Start the laser cladding head (6) for processing. When cladding different shaft segments, the controller (11) switches the preset speed of different shaft segments and automatically adjusts the rotation center, so that the distance between the cladding surface and the laser cladding head (6) remains stable during the cladding process. After processing is completed, first turn off the laser cladding head (6), and then turn off the speed-regulating motor (10). Step S5: After turning off the laser cladding head (6) and the speed control motor (10), remove the eccentric shaft (100) from the automatic self-aligning chuck (8) and wait for the next part to be processed.

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