Air intake treatment method and system for compressed air energy storage system

Abstract

The present application relates to compressed air energy storage technology field, disclose a kind of compressed air energy storage system air intake processing method and system, including air intake processing system and compressed air energy storage system;The air intake processing system includes with air inlet connection heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger, the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is connected with air processing module, the inlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is provided with first air temperature and humidity sensor, the temperature and humidity of inlet ambient air are collected, the inlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is also connected with low-temperature air inlet pipeline and high-temperature air inlet pipeline, the high-temperature air inlet pipeline and low-temperature air inlet pipeline are respectively provided with waste heat gas sending switch valve and low-temperature air inlet switch valve for controlling high-temperature air intake and low-temperature air intake opening and shutdown.The present application is a kind of economic, efficient, low-cost air comprehensive processing and energy recovery and utilization system and method.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to an air intake treatment method and system for a compressed air energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The compressed air energy storage technology in the new energy storage technology has the advantages of large scale, low cost, long service life, cleanliness, and unlimited energy storage period, and the energy storage / discharging process is accompanied by heat transfer and storage, which is a new physical energy storage technology suitable for large-scale promotion. The basic principle of compressed air energy storage technology is that during the off-peak period, the compressor consumes excess electricity (valley electricity, abandoned wind and light, etc.) to compress air to high pressure and store it in an air storage tank or underground air pocket; during the peak period, the high-pressure air is released, and through a specially constructed air turbine, it is converted into electrical energy to achieve the purpose of peak load shifting and improving the stability and reliability of the power grid. Air is the most important energy conversion carrier in compressed air energy storage technology, although it is widely available, environmentally friendly, but the temperature and humidity of air will fluctuate with the change of season and climate, that is, the temperature is high in summer and low in winter, which will cause the outlet temperature of the compressor to fluctuate seasonally. In addition, because the specific heat capacity of water vapor is greater than that of air, the heat energy and kinetic energy of air with high humidity cannot be completely decoupled, which will affect the heat exchange efficiency of the intermediate heat exchanger. On the other hand, the dust particles in the air will also cause wear and tear to the compressor system and contaminate the lubricating oil, or adhere to the surface of the heat exchanger to form a dirt resistance, affecting efficient heat exchange and system safety. Therefore, it is necessary to add an air intake treatment system to the air intake of the compressed air energy storage power station to improve the temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the inlet air, thereby improving the performance of the compressor and the energy efficiency of the system.

[0003] The existing compressed air energy storage system directly sucks the air filtered simply into the compressor, and the temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the air are greatly affected by climate, region, season, etc., which will affect the operation of the compressor. For example, if the air temperature in summer and winter differs by 20℃, it will have a great impact on the adjustment of the air temperature at the outlet of the compressor, the circulating flow of the heat storage tank, the air flow and other operating parameters, which is not conducive to the stable operation of the system; in addition, the size of the humidity in the air will also change the exhaust temperature of the compressor, and the particulate matter in the air will cause equipment wear, fouling, and lubricating oil pollution. In view of the above problems, a compressed air energy storage system air intake treatment method and system are needed. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide a compressed air energy storage system air intake treatment method and system.

[0005] The application is implemented as follows:

[0006] The application provides a compressed air energy storage system air intake treatment system, which comprises an air intake treatment system and a compressed air energy storage system.

[0007] The air intake treatment system comprises a heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger connected with an air inlet, wherein the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is connected with an air treatment module, the inlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is provided with a first air temperature and humidity sensor for collecting the temperature and humidity of the inlet ambient air, and the inlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is also connected with a low-temperature air inlet pipeline and a high-temperature air inlet pipeline; the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is an indirect heat exchanger, which is internally provided with heat storage materials; the heat storage materials store heat or cold through sensible heat and / or latent heat; the heat and cold sources of the heat storage device are high-temperature air after absorbing the waste heat of a compressor / expander cooling system and low-temperature air at the outlet of a fourth-stage expander; the two air flows can be introduced into the heat storage heat exchanger through a waste heat air supply pipeline and a low-temperature air inlet pipeline respectively; the high-temperature air inlet pipeline and the low-temperature air inlet pipeline are respectively provided with a waste heat air supply on-off valve and a low-temperature air inlet on-off valve for controlling the opening and closing of the high-temperature air inlet and the low-temperature air inlet; and the high-temperature air inlet pipeline and the low-temperature air inlet pipeline are respectively provided with a high-temperature air inlet regulating valve and a low-temperature air inlet regulating valve for regulating the air inlet flow to the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger.

[0008] The heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger can store heat or cold from the two air flows or directly release the heat or cold to the inlet air to be treated, so that the temperature of the air treated by the heat storage heat exchanger reaches the ideal temperature range required by the compressor inlet.

[0009] The output end of the high-temperature air inlet pipeline is connected with the input end of the air treatment module, two high-temperature air inlet pipelines are connected with the input end of the air treatment module, and air inlet bypass valves are arranged on the two high-temperature air inlet pipelines.

[0010] The air treatment module comprises, from the direction of the air flow, a coarse filter screen, a fine filter screen, a dehumidification membrane and a fan in sequence. A second air temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen to detect the air temperature and humidity at the inlet of the air treatment module, i.e. the outlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger. A third temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the fan to detect the air temperature and humidity at the outlet of the dehumidification membrane, i.e. the inlet of the fan. First, second and third pressure sampling points are arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen, the outlet of the fine filter screen and the outlet of the dehumidification membrane, respectively, and the pressure difference between any two of the sampling points is calculated by a pressure sensor. The pressure difference between the first and second sampling points can be used to determine the clogging of the filter screen and as a criterion for starting the filter screen cleaning operation. The pressure difference between the second and third sampling points can be used to determine the use of the dehumidification membrane and as a criterion for starting the dehumidification membrane regeneration operation. The pressure difference between the first and third sampling points represents the overall pressure difference of the air treatment process and can be used as a basis for the design of the air treatment module or to assist in monitoring whether the pressure sensor of the first and second sampling points is malfunctioning. In particular, the pressure at the inlet of the fan measured by the third sampling point can be used as a criterion for adjusting the frequency and speed of the fan so that the pressure at the outlet of the fan is within the ideal range required for the efficient operation of the compressor. In the vertical direction of the untreated air flow, first and third purification bypass valves are arranged at the interface between the coarse filter screen and the fine filter screen. The first purification bypass valve is connected to the first bypass branch of the waste heat air supply pipeline and the third purification bypass valve is connected to the bypass branch of the low-temperature air inlet pipeline. The first purification bypass valve is suitable for the blow-off function when the risk of air condensation is high or dew is precipitated in the energy storage mode, and simultaneously realizes the cleaning of the filter screen by condensation water. The third purification bypass valve is suitable for providing the necessary cold source for the filter screen cleaning function when the energy release mode is started. In the vertical direction of the untreated air flow, a second purification bypass valve is arranged at the interface between the coarse dehumidification membrane and the fan. The second purification bypass valve is connected to the waste heat delivery pipeline to provide the necessary heat source for the regeneration of the dehumidification membrane. A drain valve is arranged at the bottom between the fine filter screen and the dehumidification membrane to drain the condensed water that leaks from the two filter screens and / or the dehumidification membrane in the normal operation, filter screen cleaning and dehumidification membrane regeneration modes. The fan is used to supply air to the compressor in the energy storage mode. In this mode, the air inlet control valve of the first stage compressor is opened and the fourth bypass purification valve is closed, and the fan rotates in the forward direction to send the treated air into the first compressor. In the filter screen cleaning mode, the fan rotates in the forward direction, and the air inlet control valve of the first stage compressor needs to be closed and the fourth bypass purification valve needs to be opened, so that the gas with high humidity or containing a large amount of liquid droplets and solid particles is discharged into the atmosphere. In the dehumidification membrane regeneration mode, the fan rotates in the reverse direction, and the air inlet control valve of the first stage compressor needs to be closed and the fourth bypass purification valve needs to be opened, so that air enters from the pipeline where the fourth purification bypass valve is located and regenerates the dehumidification membrane by reverse blowing.

[0011] The air treatment module is connected with the compressed air energy storage system, and the compressed air energy storage system comprises a compressor set, an expander set, an intermediate heat exchanger system, a gas storage and a liquid storage tank system.

[0012] The heat exchanger system comprises a first intermediate heat exchanger arranged between and connected with the first-stage compressor and the second-stage compressor, a second intermediate heat exchanger arranged between and connected with the second-stage compressor and the third-stage compressor, and a third intermediate heat exchanger arranged between and connected with the third-stage compressor and the fourth-stage compressor, and the fourth intermediate heat exchanger is connected with the output end of the fourth-stage compressor, wherein the first to fourth heat exchangers are arranged in parallel on the compression side to transfer the compression heat of the air compression process to the heat storage medium, and the fifth to seventh heat exchangers are arranged in parallel on the expansion side to release the compression heat stored by the heat storage medium to the air; the upstream of the gas storage is connected with the compressor set, and the downstream is connected with the expander set, and the gas storage is used for storing and releasing air; the liquid storage tank system comprises a high-temperature liquid storage tank and a low-temperature liquid storage tank, the high-temperature liquid storage tank is used for storing the heat storage medium which is heated after absorbing the compression heat of the air, and the low-temperature liquid storage tank is used for storing the heat storage medium which is cooled after releasing the compression heat of the air. The number of the compressors, the expanders, the heat exchangers, the liquid storage tanks and the gas storage can be designed and changed according to the working conditions. The compressor set and the expander set are respectively connected with a motor and a generator, and are used for absorbing or outputting power from or to the power grid; the first to seventh intermediate heat exchangers are all provided with regulating valves, which are used for adjusting the flow balance of the heat exchangers or the uniformity of the outlet air temperature; the inlet and outlet of the gas storage are both provided with switch valves, which are used for switching the gas storage or gas release working conditions; the high-temperature liquid storage tank and the low-temperature liquid storage tank are both provided with circulating pumps, flow meters and thermometers, which are used for providing circulating power of the heat storage medium and measuring the temperature and flow of the heat storage medium.

[0013] The output end of the fourth intermediate heat exchanger is connected with a gas storage, the gas storage is connected with a first-stage expander, the first-stage expander is connected with a second-stage expander through a fifth intermediate heat exchanger, the second-stage expander is connected with a third-stage expander through a sixth intermediate heat exchanger, the third-stage expander is connected with a fourth-stage expander through a seventh intermediate heat exchanger, the output ends of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers are connected with a low-temperature heat storage tank, the output end of the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input ends of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers respectively, the output ends of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers are connected with a high-temperature heat storage tank, and the output end of the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input ends of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers respectively.

[0014] A first thermometer is arranged on the high-temperature heat storage tank, a second thermometer is arranged on the low-temperature heat storage tank, fifth, sixth and seventh regulating valves are arranged on the branch pipes of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank respectively, first, second, third and fourth regulating valves are arranged on the branch pipes of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers connected with the low-temperature heat storage tank respectively, a second circulating pump is arranged on the main pipes of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers connected with the low-temperature heat storage tank, and a first circulating pump is arranged on the main pipes of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank.

[0015] A generator is arranged on the fourth-stage expander, the fourth-stage expander is connected with the input end of the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger through a low-temperature air inlet pipeline, a low-temperature air inlet switch valve and a low-temperature air inlet regulating valve are arranged on the low-temperature air inlet pipeline, a third purification bypass valve is arranged on the pipeline connected between the low-temperature air inlet pipeline and the control processing module, an exhaust pipeline that discharges to the atmosphere is arranged on the low-temperature air inlet pipeline, a first switch valve is arranged on the exhaust pipeline, a fourth switch valve is arranged on the pipeline between the fourth intermediate heat exchanger and the gas storage, and a fifth switch valve is arranged on the pipeline between the gas storage and the first-stage expander.

[0016] A waste heat gas supply pipeline is arranged on the input ends of the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger and the air processing module and connected with the compressed air energy storage system, a waste heat gas supply switch valve is arranged on the waste heat gas supply pipeline, a high-temperature air inlet regulating valve is arranged between the waste heat gas supply switch valve and the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger, and the air processing module and the waste heat gas supply pipeline are connected through two branch pipes, and a first purification bypass valve and a second purification bypass valve are arranged on the two branch pipes respectively.

[0017] The air treatment module comprises, from the direction of the air flow, a coarse filter screen, a fine filter screen, a dehumidification film and a fan in sequence, a second air temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen to detect the air temperature and humidity at the outlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger at the inlet of the air treatment module, a third temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the fan to detect the air temperature and humidity at the inlet of the fan at the outlet of the dehumidification film, a first pressure sampling point, a second pressure sampling point and a third pressure sampling point are respectively arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen, the outlet of the fine filter screen and the outlet of the dehumidification film, and the pressure difference between any two of them is calculated through a pressure sensor, the pressure difference between the sampling point 1 and the sampling point 2 is used to judge the dirty and clogged condition of the filter screen, and is used as a criterion for starting the filter screen cleaning condition; the pressure difference between the sampling point 2 and the sampling point 3 can be used to judge the use condition of the dehumidification film, and is used as a criterion for starting the dehumidification film regeneration condition; the pressure difference between the sampling point 1 and the sampling point 3 represents the overall pressure difference of the air treatment process, and can be used as a design basis for the air treatment module or for assisting in monitoring whether the pressure sensor of the sampling point 1 and 2 is failed; in particular, the pressure at the inlet of the fan is measured by the sampling point 3.

[0018] Further, the application provides an air intake treatment method for a compressed air energy storage system, characterized in that the following steps are performed:

[0019] S1: The air treatment system comprises a heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger and an air treatment module, and the air treatment system is simultaneously performed with the energy storage process. In this operation mode, the first air temperature and humidity sensor, the second air temperature and humidity sensor, the third air temperature and humidity sensor, the first sampling point, the second sampling point and the third sampling point are continuously operated and keep recording, transmitting and calculating data, wherein the air temperature and humidity sensor measurement values are Ti and φi (i = 1, 2, 3), and the pressure difference obtained by measuring and calculating the sampling point i and the sampling point j is △Pij (i, j = 1, 2, 3);

[0020] S2: When the air treatment module is running, the air temperature range and the upper limit of the humidity at the inlet of the first-stage compressor are set, and the temperature range of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger, the air pressure range and the air volume at the third sampling point are set;

[0021] S3: It is judged whether the air pressure at the third sampling point is within the set range. If the pressure interval is met, the fan speed or frequency is adjusted according to the fan performance curve until the set pressure and air volume are met;

[0022] S4: It is judged whether the temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger is lower than the set temperature. If the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the waste heat air supply on-off valve and the high-temperature air intake regulating valve are opened in the energy storage or energy release condition to recover the waste heat to heat the heat storage heat exchanger. If it is not the energy storage or energy release condition, the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger needs to be heated until it reaches the appropriate temperature range when the working condition is met;

[0023] S5: judging whether the temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger is higher than the set temperature, if yes, opening the low-temperature intake switch valve and the low-temperature intake regulating valve in the energy release condition to recover the exhaust cold to the heat storage heat exchanger, if not, waiting until the working condition is met to start storing cold to the heat storage heat exchanger until the heat storage heat exchanger reaches the appropriate temperature range;

[0024] △p12, △p23, △p13, T1, T2, T3, φ1, φ2 and φ3 are continuously monitored and recorded, and whether the filter screen cleaning condition, the filter screen anti-condensation condition and the dehumidification membrane regeneration condition are met is judged;

[0025] Further, in the energy storage sub-mode, the third switch valve at the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank and the second circulating pump are opened and operated to ensure that the heat storage medium in the low-temperature storage tank is parallelly branched under the pushing of the circulating pump into the first to fourth intermediate heat exchangers to recover the compression heat released by the air, and flows back to the high-temperature storage tank;

[0026] The first to fourth regulating valves are all started and operated to adjust the flow of the heat storage medium in each intermediate heat exchanger, to recover more compression heat or to adjust the flow balance of each heat exchanger or to ensure that the temperatures of the heat storage medium after heat exchange in each heat exchanger are similar;

[0027] The fourth switch valve is opened to recover the high-pressure air to the gas storage library;

[0028] The motor is opened to absorb the excess power of the power grid for driving the compressor to work, and the multiple compressors are arranged in series to work step by step to compress the air to a specified pressure, the low-temperature heat storage medium flows through the first to fourth intermediate heat exchangers to cool the air to recover the compression heat, and the high-temperature heat storage medium after heat exchange is finally stored in the high-temperature storage tank to complete the energy storage process;

[0029] In the energy release sub-mode, the second switch valve and the first circulating pump are opened and operated to ensure that the heat storage medium in the high-temperature storage tank is parallelly branched under the pushing of the circulating pump into the fifth to seventh intermediate heat exchangers to release heat to the air to increase the temperature of the air inlet of the expander, and flows back to the low-temperature storage tank;

[0030] The fifth to seventh regulating valves are all started and operated to adjust the flow of the heat storage medium in each intermediate heat exchanger, to release more heat to the air or to adjust the flow balance of each heat exchanger or to ensure that the temperatures of the heat storage medium after heat exchange in each heat exchanger are similar; the fifth switch valve is opened to release the high-pressure air in the gas storage library;

[0031] The air in the gas storage is released to drive the expander to work, multiple expanders are arranged in series, the air flows through the back to work and drive the generator to generate electricity, the high-temperature heat storage medium flows through the fifth intermediate heat exchanger-seventh intermediate heat exchanger to heat the air to increase the temperature of the inlet air of the expander, and the low-temperature heat storage medium after heat exchange is stored in the low-temperature storage tank, and the energy release process is completed;

[0032] Further, the air treatment system operation process is specifically executed according to the following steps;

[0033] S 7.1 The high-temperature air after waste heat of the cooling system of the absorption compressor / expander is sent to the waste heat air pipe, and a high-temperature inlet air regulating valve is arranged on the waste heat air pipe to regulate the high-temperature inlet air flow;

[0034] S 7.2 A three-way pipe is arranged at the outlet of the fourth-stage expander, the three-way outlet is respectively connected with a low-temperature inlet air pipe and an exhaust pipe, the low-temperature inlet air pipe is connected with the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature inlet air regulating valve is arranged on the low-temperature inlet air pipe to regulate the low-temperature inlet air flow, and a first switch valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe to open or shut off the gas discharge to the atmosphere;

[0035] S 7.3 Two branches are bypassed upstream of the high-temperature inlet air regulating valve, and a first purification bypass valve and a third purification bypass valve are respectively arranged on the two branches, so that the two bypass valves can regulate the high-temperature gas flow provided by the waste heat air pipe to the air treatment module;

[0036] S 7.4 A branch is bypassed upstream of the low-temperature inlet air regulating valve, and a third purification bypass valve is arranged on the branch to regulate the low-temperature gas provided by the low-temperature inlet air pipe to the air treatment module;

[0037] S 7.5 The untreated air passes through a first air temperature and humidity sensor, a heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger and an air treatment module, the first air temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the untreated air, the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger is an indirect heat exchanger, and heat storage materials are arranged in the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger, so that the heat storage materials can store heat or cold through sensible heat and / or latent heat, and the sources of heat and cold provided by the heat storage device are high-temperature air after waste heat of the cooling system of the absorption compressor / expander and low-temperature air at the outlet of the fourth-stage expander respectively;

[0038] S 7.6The air treatment module comprises a coarse filter screen, a fine filter screen, a dehumidification membrane and a fan in the air flow direction, in which the coarse filter screen and the fine filter screen filter large solid particles and small solid particles respectively, and the dehumidification membrane is used for adsorbing moisture in the air to provide clean, dry and suitable temperature air for the compressor, and the second air temperature and humidity sensor and the third temperature and humidity sensor detect the air temperature and humidity before the coarse filter screen and the fan respectively to determine the improvement of the air temperature and humidity by the air treatment module.

[0039] S 7.7 :Judge whether the temperature reaches the set temperature range, and preheat or cool the air by changing the flow of the high-temperature intake adjusting valve and the low-temperature intake adjusting valve to make it reach the set temperature range; if the dehumidification effect of the dehumidification membrane gradually deteriorates and cannot meet the dehumidification demand, the dehumidification membrane needs to be heated and regenerated. Further, first, second and third pressure sampling points are arranged in sequence before the coarse filter screen, after the fine filter screen and after the dehumidification membrane to monitor the air pressure difference to determine whether to start the filter screen cleaning and / or dehumidification membrane regeneration. The pressure difference between the first and second pressure sampling points can be used to judge the dirt blocking condition of the filter screen as a criterion for starting the filter screen cleaning, and the pressure difference between the second and third pressure sampling points can be used to judge the use of the dehumidification membrane as a criterion for starting the dehumidification membrane regeneration. The pressure difference between the first and third pressure sampling points represents the overall pressure difference of the air treatment process and can be used as a basis for air treatment module design or to assist in monitoring whether the pressure sensors of the first and second sampling points fail. In particular, the pressure measured by the third sampling point at the fan inlet can be used as a criterion for adjusting the frequency and speed of the fan to make the pressure at the fan outlet within the ideal range required for efficient operation of the compressor.

[0040] Further, the filter screen cleaning of the air treatment module is specifically performed according to the following steps:

[0041] S 8.1 :First, it is judged whether the condition for triggering the filter screen cleaning program is met, that is, when △p12> first threshold value △P12(1), it is judged that the self-cleaning operation program needs to be entered in the next release condition.

[0042] S 8.2During the filter cleaning operation, the low-temperature intake switch valve, the third purification bypass valve and the fourth purification bypass valve are kept open, other valves are closed, and the fan is stopped or rotates at a low frequency. This process is to make cold air and a small amount of hot air converge at the filter and condense water droplets. If the air temperature is further reduced, the condensed water will further freeze on the surface of the coarse filter and the fine filter. Because the freezing process of the condensed water will slightly expand in the filter holes and entrap solid particles, the particles are stripped from the surface of the filter. This stage is the cleaning stage.

[0043] S 8.3 After the preset cleaning time is reached, the third purification bypass valve and the low-temperature intake switch valve are closed, and the drain valve is opened. After the input of cold air is stopped, the condensed water that has frozen will gradually melt, and during the melting process, the condensed water will wash the filter and carry away the solid particles on the surface of the filter. This stage is the standing stage.

[0044] S 8.4 After the preset standing time is reached, the frequency of the fan is increased to make the air flow reach the air flow level before the filter cleaning. It is judged again whether △p12> the first threshold value △P12(1). If it still does not meet the requirement, the filter cleaning function needs to be started again in the next energy storage working condition until △p12< the first threshold value △P12(1).

[0045] Further, the filter anti-condensation operation of the air treatment module is performed according to the following steps:

[0046] S 9.1 First, it is judged whether the condition for triggering the filter anti-condensation program is met. In the energy storage working condition, that is, when △p12> the second threshold value △P12(2) but △p12< the first threshold value △p12(1), or when the air humidity measured by the second temperature and humidity sensor is greater than the first preset humidity and the duration is greater than the first preset time, it is judged that the current running state has a high risk of condensation.

[0047] S 9.2 The waste heat air supply switch valve and the first purification bypass valve are opened. This process is to introduce high-temperature air after absorbing the waste heat of the cooling system such as the compressor / expander to the air treatment module, so as to alleviate the condensation risk of the air or blow off the condensed liquid that has been dried to reduce the air humidity and prevent a large amount of condensation from occurring during the air intake process, thereby preventing the filter from being blocked.

[0048] S 9.3 △p12 and φ2 are continuously monitored. When △p12< the second threshold value △P12(2) or the energy storage working condition is ended, the filter anti-condensation operation process can be stopped.

[0049] Further, the dehumidification membrane regeneration operation of the air treatment module is performed according to the following steps:

[0050] S 10.1 :Firstly, it is judged whether the condition of triggering the dehumidification membrane regeneration program is met, when the humidity difference measured by the second air temperature and humidity sensor and the third air temperature and humidity sensor is less than the first preset humidity difference Δφ(1) and / or the measured humidity value φ3 of the third air temperature and humidity sensor is greater than the second preset humidity φ(2), it is judged that the current dehumidification membrane saturation degree is high, and regeneration operation is needed;

[0051] S 10.2 :Open the waste heat air supply on-off valve, the second purification bypass valve and the fourth purification bypass valve, the air inlet control valve of the first stage compressor is closed, and the fan is reversed at the same time, in this process, the high-temperature air after absorbing the waste heat of the compressor / expander cooling system is guided to the dehumidification membrane area, the water in the dehumidification membrane is separated from the membrane by high-temperature gas heating, and the separated high-humidity air is discharged from the inlet of the air treatment module by reversing the fan, and the regeneration of the dehumidification membrane is completed;

[0052] S 10.3 :Continuously monitor Δφ23 and φ3, when the preset regeneration time is reached and / or Δφ23>the first preset humidity difference Δφ(1) and / or φ3 is greater than the second preset humidity φ(2), stop the dehumidification membrane regeneration operation process.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0054] 1、The present application solves the problem that the temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the inlet air of the compressed air energy storage system fluctuate with the change of seasons and climate, and further slows down or eliminates its adverse effects. The present application can keep the temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the inlet air of the compressed air energy storage system within a reasonable range to meet the efficient operation of the system, and can meet the processing needs of air temperature, humidity and cleanliness by increasing low-cost heat storage heat exchangers, high-temperature and low-temperature air inlet guide pipes, dehumidification membranes, filter screens and other common consumables. On the other hand, the filter screen cleaning and dehumidification membrane regeneration function provided by the present application ensures the daily maintenance and long-term operation of the air treatment function, and only by increasing bypass pipelines, valves, temperature and humidity sensors, pressure difference sensors and other simple devices can the regeneration and cleaning functions be met, without the need to increase other consumables or stop processing, which is a sustainable, long-term and economical air treatment function.

[0055] 2、The application not only provides an air treatment scheme, but also proposes filter screen cleaning and dehumidification membrane regeneration functions required for realizing the air treatment function, is a long-term, sustainable, renewable, economic and environmentally friendly air quality treatment function, and has strong applicability; The energy required by the various schemes proposed by the application is from the waste heat of the system or the exhaust gas discharged by the last stage expander, each function has strong independence, and the implementation of the above functions does not affect the operation of the compressed air energy storage system body, nor reduces the electric-electric efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system body, and plays a progressive role in energy comprehensive utilization.

[0056] 3、The waste heat in the compressed air energy storage system and the low-temperature exhaust gas at the outlet of the last stage expander are used for air treatment at the inlet of the compressor, which provides clean and reasonable temperature range air for the compressor, improves the operation stability and efficiency of the compressor; Further, the application combines the intermittent operation characteristics of the compressed air energy storage system, and also adds filter screen cleaning, dehumidification membrane regeneration and anti-condensation functions to the air treatment module, which guarantees the daily maintenance and long-term operation of the air treatment module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and understand that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation to the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0058] Figure 1 is a system structure diagram of the application;

[0059] Figure 2 is a method execution flowchart of the application;

[0060] Figure 3 is an air treatment system operation flowchart of the application;

[0061] Figure 4 is a filter screen cleaning operation process flowchart of the application;

[0062] Figure 5 is a filter screen anti-condensation operation process flowchart of the application;

[0063] Figure 6 is a dehumidification membrane regeneration operation process flowchart of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0065] Referring to Figures 1-6 An air intake treatment system suitable for a compressed air energy storage system, comprising an air intake treatment system and a compressed air energy storage system;

[0066] The air intake treatment system comprises a heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger connected with an air inlet, the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is connected with an air treatment module, a first air temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger to collect the temperature and humidity of the inlet ambient air, the inlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is further connected with a low-temperature air inlet pipeline and a high-temperature air inlet pipeline, the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is an indirect heat exchanger, and heat storage materials are arranged in the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger, the heat storage materials store heat or cold through sensible heat and / or latent heat, and the heat and cold sources of the heat storage device are high-temperature air after waste heat absorption of a compressor / expander cooling system and low-temperature air at the outlet of a fourth expander, respectively, two air flows can be introduced to the heat storage heat exchanger through a waste heat air supply pipeline and a low-temperature air inlet pipeline, respectively, a waste heat air supply on-off valve and a low-temperature air inlet on-off valve are arranged on the high-temperature air inlet pipeline and the low-temperature air inlet pipeline, respectively, to control the opening and closing of the high-temperature air inlet and the low-temperature air inlet, and a high-temperature air inlet regulating valve and a low-temperature air inlet regulating valve are arranged on the high-temperature air inlet pipeline and the low-temperature air inlet pipeline, respectively, to regulate the air inlet flow to the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger;

[0067] The heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger can store heat or cold from two air flows, and can directly release to the inlet air to be treated, so that the temperature of the air treated by the heat storage heat exchanger reaches the ideal temperature range required by the compressor inlet. It should be noted that the present scheme selects the waste heat of the rotating equipment cooling system such as the compressor / expander and the low-temperature air at the outlet of the last-stage expander to perform air treatment, because both of them do not participate in the compressed air energy storage and release process, and do not affect the energy storage process of the compressed air energy storage system, and can maximize the charging capacity and discharging capacity. In theory, any stage of the compressor and / or expander and / or the outlet air of the air storage can be selected to be introduced into the air treatment module to perform air treatment, but it will affect the compressed air energy storage and release process, and will sacrifice part of the charging and discharging capacity, and the working condition is limited, and the control system is also complex. The method of the present application can overcome the above shortcomings, and is an energy comprehensive utilization method with quality improvement and efficiency increase.

[0068] The output end of the high-temperature inlet pipeline is connected with the input end of the air treatment module, two high-temperature inlet pipelines are connected with the input end of the air treatment module, and an inlet bypass valve is arranged on each of the two high-temperature inlet pipelines;

[0069] The air treatment module comprises, from the direction of the air flow, a coarse filter screen, a fine filter screen, a dehumidification membrane and a fan in sequence. A second air temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen to detect the air temperature and humidity at the inlet of the air treatment module, i.e. the outlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger. A third temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the fan to detect the air temperature and humidity at the outlet of the dehumidification membrane, i.e. the inlet of the fan. First, second and third pressure sampling points are arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen, the outlet of the fine filter screen and the outlet of the dehumidification membrane, respectively, and the pressure difference between any two of the sampling points is calculated by a pressure sensor. The pressure difference between the first and second sampling points can be used to determine the clogging of the filter screen and as a criterion for starting the filter screen cleaning operation. The pressure difference between the second and third sampling points can be used to determine the use of the dehumidification membrane and as a criterion for starting the dehumidification membrane regeneration operation. The pressure difference between the first and third sampling points represents the overall pressure difference of the air treatment process and can be used as a basis for the design of the air treatment module or to assist in monitoring whether the pressure sensor of the first and second sampling points is malfunctioning. In particular, the pressure at the inlet of the fan measured by the third sampling point can be used as a criterion for adjusting the frequency and speed of the fan so that the pressure at the outlet of the fan is within the ideal range required for the efficient operation of the compressor. In the vertical direction of the untreated air flow, first and third purification bypass valves are arranged at the interface between the coarse filter screen and the fine filter screen. The first purification bypass valve is connected to the first bypass branch of the waste heat air supply pipeline and the third purification bypass valve is connected to the bypass branch of the low-temperature air inlet pipeline. The first purification bypass valve is suitable for the blow-off function when the risk of air condensation is high or dew is precipitated in the energy storage mode, and simultaneously realizes the cleaning of the filter screen by condensation water. The third purification bypass valve is suitable for providing the necessary cold source for the filter screen cleaning function when the energy release mode is started. In the vertical direction of the untreated air flow, a second purification bypass valve is arranged at the interface between the coarse dehumidification membrane and the fan. The second purification bypass valve is connected to the waste heat delivery pipeline to provide the necessary heat source for the regeneration of the dehumidification membrane. A drain valve is arranged at the bottom between the fine filter screen and the dehumidification membrane to drain the condensed water that leaks from the two filter screens and / or the dehumidification membrane in the normal operation, filter screen cleaning and dehumidification membrane regeneration modes. The fan is used to supply air to the compressor in the energy storage mode. In this mode, the air inlet control valve of the first stage compressor is opened and the fourth bypass purification valve is closed, and the fan rotates in the forward direction to send the treated air into the first compressor. In the filter screen cleaning mode, the fan rotates in the forward direction, and the air inlet control valve of the first stage compressor is closed and the fourth bypass purification valve is opened, so that the gas with high humidity or containing a large amount of liquid droplets and solid particles is discharged into the atmosphere. In the dehumidification membrane regeneration mode, the fan rotates in the reverse direction, and the air inlet control valve of the first stage compressor is closed and the fourth bypass purification valve is opened, so that air enters from the pipeline where the fourth purification bypass valve is located and regenerates the dehumidification membrane by reverse blowing.

[0070] The air treatment module is connected with the compressed air energy storage system, and the compressed air energy storage system comprises a compressor set, an expander set, an intermediate heat exchanger system, a gas storage and a liquid storage tank system.

[0071] The heat exchanger system comprises a first intermediate heat exchanger arranged between and connected with the first-stage compressor and the second-stage compressor, a second intermediate heat exchanger arranged between and connected with the second-stage compressor and the third-stage compressor, and a third intermediate heat exchanger arranged between and connected with the third-stage compressor and the fourth-stage compressor, and the fourth-stage compressor is connected with a fourth intermediate heat exchanger, wherein the first to fourth heat exchangers are arranged in parallel on the compression side to transfer the compression heat of the air compression process to the heat storage medium, and the fifth to seventh heat exchangers are arranged in parallel on the expansion side to release the compression heat stored by the heat storage medium to the air; the upstream of the gas storage is connected with the compressor set, and the downstream of the gas storage is connected with the expander set, and the gas storage is used for storing and releasing air; the liquid storage tank system comprises a high-temperature liquid storage tank and a low-temperature liquid storage tank, the high-temperature liquid storage tank is used for storing the heat storage medium which is heated after absorbing the compression heat of the air, and the low-temperature liquid storage tank is used for storing the heat storage medium which is cooled after releasing the compression heat of the air; the number of the compressors, the expanders, the heat exchangers, the liquid storage tanks and the gas storage can be designed and changed according to the working conditions; the compressor set and the expander set are respectively connected with a motor and a generator, and are used for absorbing or outputting power from or to the power grid; the first to seventh intermediate heat exchangers are all provided with regulating valves, and are used for adjusting the flow balance of the heat exchangers or the uniformity of the outlet air temperature; the inlet and outlet of the gas storage are both provided with switch valves, and are used for switching the gas storage or gas release working conditions; the high-temperature liquid storage tank and the low-temperature liquid storage tank are both provided with circulating pumps, flow meters and thermometers, and are used for providing circulating power of the heat storage medium and measuring the temperature and flow of the heat storage medium.

[0072] The output end of the fourth intermediate heat exchanger is connected with a gas storage, the gas storage is connected with a first-stage expander, the first-stage expander is connected with a second-stage expander through a fifth intermediate heat exchanger, the second-stage expander is connected with a third-stage expander through a sixth intermediate heat exchanger, the third-stage expander is connected with a fourth-stage expander through a seventh intermediate heat exchanger, the output ends of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers are connected with a low-temperature heat storage tank, the output end of the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input ends of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers respectively, the output ends of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers are connected with a high-temperature heat storage tank, and the output end of the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input ends of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers respectively.

[0073] A first thermometer is arranged on the high-temperature heat storage tank, a second thermometer is arranged on the low-temperature heat storage tank, fifth, sixth and seventh regulating valves are arranged on the branch pipes of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank respectively, first, second, third and fourth regulating valves are arranged on the branch pipes of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers connected with the low-temperature heat storage tank respectively, a second circulating pump is arranged on the main pipes of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers connected with the low-temperature heat storage tank, and a first circulating pump is arranged on the main pipes of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank.

[0074] A generator is arranged on the fourth-stage expander, the fourth-stage expander is connected with the input end of the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger through a low-temperature air inlet pipeline, a low-temperature air inlet switch valve and a low-temperature air inlet regulating valve are arranged on the low-temperature air inlet pipeline, a third purification bypass valve is arranged on the pipeline connected between the low-temperature air inlet pipeline and the control processing module, an exhaust pipeline that discharges to the atmosphere is arranged on the low-temperature air inlet pipeline, a first switch valve is arranged on the exhaust pipeline, a fourth switch valve is arranged on the pipeline between the fourth intermediate heat exchanger and the gas storage, and a fifth switch valve is arranged on the pipeline between the gas storage and the first-stage expander.

[0075] A waste heat gas supply pipeline is arranged on the input ends of the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger and the air processing module and connected with the compressed air energy storage system, a waste heat gas supply switch valve is arranged on the waste heat gas supply pipeline, a high-temperature air inlet regulating valve is arranged between the waste heat gas supply switch valve and the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger, and the air processing module and the waste heat gas supply pipeline are connected through two branch pipes, and a first purification bypass valve and a second purification bypass valve are arranged on the two branch pipes respectively.

[0076] The air treatment module comprises, from the direction of the air flow, a coarse filter screen, a fine filter screen, a dehumidification film and a fan in sequence, a second air temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen to detect the air temperature and humidity at the outlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger at the inlet of the air treatment module, a third temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the fan to detect the air temperature and humidity at the inlet of the fan at the outlet of the dehumidification film, a first pressure sampling point, a second pressure sampling point and a third pressure sampling point are arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen, the outlet of the fine filter screen and the outlet of the dehumidification film respectively, and the pressure difference between any two of them is calculated through a pressure sensor, the pressure difference between the sampling point 1 and the sampling point 2 is used to judge the dirty and blocked condition of the filter screen, and is used as a criterion for starting the filter screen cleaning condition; the pressure difference between the sampling point 2 and the sampling point 3 can be used to judge the use condition of the dehumidification film, and is used as a criterion for starting the dehumidification film regeneration condition; the pressure difference between the sampling point 1 and the sampling point 3 represents the overall pressure difference of the air treatment process, and can be used as a design basis for the air treatment module or for assisting in monitoring whether the pressure sensor of the sampling point 1 and 2 is failed; in particular, the pressure at the inlet of the fan is measured by the sampling point 3.

[0077] In the embodiment, the application provides an air intake treatment method of a compressed air energy storage system, which is characterized by being executed according to the following steps:

[0078] S1: The air treatment system comprises a heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger and an air treatment module, and the air treatment system is simultaneously performed with the energy storage process, in the running mode, the first air temperature and humidity sensor, the second air temperature and humidity sensor, the third air temperature and humidity sensor, the first sampling point, the second sampling point and the third sampling point are continuously operated and keep recording, transmitting and calculating data, wherein the air temperature and humidity sensor measurement values are Ti and φi (i = 1, 2, 3) respectively, and the pressure difference obtained by measuring and calculating the sampling point i and the sampling point j is △Pij (i, j = 1, 2, 3);

[0079] S2: When the air treatment module is running, the air temperature range and the upper limit of the humidity of the first stage compressor inlet are set, and the temperature range of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger, the air pressure range and the air volume at the third sampling point are set;

[0080] S3: It is judged whether the air pressure at the third sampling point is in the set range, if the pressure interval is met, the fan speed or frequency is adjusted according to the fan performance curve until the set pressure and air volume are met;

[0081] S4: It is judged whether the temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger is lower than the set temperature, if the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the waste heat air supply on-off valve and the high temperature air inlet regulating valve are opened in the energy storage or energy release condition to recover the waste heat to heat the heat storage heat exchanger, if it is not the energy storage or energy release condition, the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger needs to be heated until the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger reaches the appropriate temperature range when the working condition is met;

[0082] S5: judging whether the temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger is higher than the set temperature, if yes, opening the low-temperature intake switch valve and the low-temperature intake regulating valve in the energy release condition to recover the exhaust cold to the heat storage heat exchanger, if not, waiting until the working condition is met to start storing cold to the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger until the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger reaches the appropriate temperature range;

[0083] △p12, △p23, △p13, T1, T2, T3, φ1, φ2 and φ3 are continuously monitored and recorded, and whether the filter screen cleaning condition, the filter screen anti-condensation condition and the dehumidification membrane regeneration condition are met is judged;

[0084] In the energy storage sub-mode, the third switch valve at the outlet of the low-temperature gas storage tank and the second circulating pump are opened and operated to ensure that the heat storage medium of the low-temperature liquid storage tank is parallelly branched under the pushing of the circulating pump into the first to fourth intermediate heat exchangers to recover the compression heat released by the air, and flows back to the high-temperature liquid storage tank;

[0085] The first to fourth regulating valves are all started and operated to adjust the flow of the heat storage medium of each intermediate heat exchanger, to recover more compression heat or to adjust the flow balance of each heat exchanger or to ensure that the temperatures of the heat storage medium after heat exchange of each heat exchanger are similar;

[0086] The fourth switch valve is opened to recover the high-pressure air to the gas storage library;

[0087] The motor is opened to absorb the excess power of the power grid for driving the compressor to work, and the multiple compressors are arranged in series to work step by step to compress the air to a specified pressure, the low-temperature heat storage medium flows through the first to fourth intermediate heat exchangers to cool the air to recover the compression heat, and the high-temperature heat storage medium after heat exchange is finally stored in the high-temperature liquid storage tank to complete the energy storage process;

[0088] In the energy release sub-mode, the second switch valve and the first circulating pump are opened and operated to ensure that the heat storage medium of the high-temperature liquid storage tank is parallelly branched under the pushing of the circulating pump into the fifth to seventh intermediate heat exchangers to release heat to the air to increase the air inlet temperature of the expander, and flows back to the low-temperature liquid storage tank;

[0089] The fifth to seventh regulating valves are all started and operated to adjust the flow of the heat storage medium of each intermediate heat exchanger, to release more heat to the air or to adjust the flow balance of each heat exchanger or to ensure that the temperatures of the heat storage medium after heat exchange of each heat exchanger are similar; the fifth switch valve is opened to release the high-pressure air in the gas storage library;

[0090] The air in the air storage is released to drive the expander to work, multiple expanders are arranged in series, the air flows through the back to work and drive the generator to generate electricity, the high-temperature heat storage medium flows through the fifth intermediate heat exchanger-seventh intermediate heat exchanger to heat the air to increase the temperature of the air inlet of the expander, and the low-temperature heat storage medium after heat exchange is stored in the low-temperature storage tank, and the energy release process is completed;

[0091] In the embodiment, the air treatment system operation process is specifically executed according to the following steps.

[0092] S 7.1 The high-temperature air after waste heat of the cooling system of the absorption compressor / expander is sent to the waste heat gas pipeline, and a high-temperature inlet air regulating valve is arranged on the waste heat gas pipeline to regulate the high-temperature inlet air flow.

[0093] S 7.2 A three-way pipeline is arranged at the outlet of the fourth-stage expander, the three-way outlet is respectively connected with a low-temperature inlet air pipeline and an exhaust pipeline, the low-temperature inlet air pipeline is connected with the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature inlet air regulating valve is arranged on the low-temperature inlet air pipeline to regulate the low-temperature inlet air flow, and a first switch valve is arranged on the exhaust pipeline to open or shut off the gas discharge to the atmosphere.

[0094] S 7.3 Two branches are bypassed upstream of the high-temperature inlet air regulating valve, and a first purification bypass valve and a third purification bypass valve are respectively arranged on the two branches, so that the two bypass valves can regulate the high-temperature gas flow provided by the waste heat gas pipeline to the air treatment module.

[0095] S 7.4 A branch is bypassed upstream of the low-temperature inlet air regulating valve, and a third purification bypass valve is arranged on the branch to regulate the low-temperature gas provided by the low-temperature inlet air pipeline to the air treatment module.

[0096] S 7.5 The untreated air passes through the first air temperature and humidity sensor, the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger and the air treatment module, the first air temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the untreated air, the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger is an indirect heat exchanger, and heat storage materials are arranged in the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger, so that the heat storage materials can store heat and / or latent heat to provide heat and cold sources for the heat storage device, and the high-temperature air after waste heat of the cooling system of the absorption compressor / expander and the low-temperature air at the outlet of the fourth-stage expander are respectively used as the heat and cold sources.

[0097] S 7.6The air treatment module comprises a coarse filter screen, a fine filter screen, a dehumidification membrane and a fan in the air flow direction, the coarse filter screen and the fine filter screen filter large solid particles and small solid particles respectively in the air treatment process, and the dehumidification membrane is used for adsorbing moisture in the air so as to provide clean, dry and suitable temperature air for the compressor, and the second air temperature and humidity sensor and the third temperature and humidity sensor detect air temperature and humidity before the coarse filter screen and the fan respectively to judge the improvement of the air treatment module on the air temperature and humidity.

[0098] S 7.7 : judge whether the temperature reaches the set temperature range, preheat or cool the air by changing the flow of the high-temperature intake adjusting valve and the low-temperature intake adjusting valve so that it reaches the set temperature range; if the dehumidification effect of the dehumidification membrane gradually deteriorates and cannot meet the dehumidification demand, the dehumidification membrane needs to be heated and regenerated. Further, first, second and third pressure sampling points are arranged in sequence before the coarse filter screen, after the fine filter screen and after the dehumidification membrane to monitor air pressure difference to judge whether filter screen cleaning and / or dehumidification membrane regeneration and other working conditions need to be started. First and second pressure sampling points are arranged in sequence before the coarse filter screen, after the fine filter screen and after the dehumidification membrane, the pressure difference between the first and second pressure sampling points can be used to judge the dirty and clogged condition of the filter screen as a criterion for starting the filter screen cleaning working condition; the pressure difference between the second and third pressure sampling points can be used to judge the use of the dehumidification membrane as a criterion for starting the dehumidification membrane regeneration working condition; the pressure difference between the first and third pressure sampling points represents the overall pressure difference of the air treatment process and can be used as a basis for air treatment module design or to assist in monitoring whether the pressure sensors of the first and second sampling points fail; in particular, the pressure of the fan inlet measured by the third sampling point can be used as a criterion for adjusting the frequency and speed of the fan so that the pressure at the outlet of the fan is within the ideal range required for efficient operation of the compressor.

[0099] In this embodiment, the filter screen cleaning operation of the air treatment module is specifically as follows:

[0100] S 8.1 : first, judge whether the condition for triggering the filter screen cleaning program is met, that is, when △p12> first threshold value △P12(1), judge that the self-cleaning operation program needs to be entered in the next release working condition;

[0101] S 8.2During the filter cleaning operation, the low-temperature intake switch valve, the third purification bypass valve and the fourth purification bypass valve are kept open, other valves are closed, and the fan is stopped or rotates at a low frequency. This process is to make cold air and a small amount of hot air meet at the filter and condense water droplets. If the air temperature is further reduced, the condensed water will further freeze on the surface of the coarse filter and the fine filter. Because the freezing process of the condensed water will slightly expand in the filter holes and entrap solid particles, the particles are stripped from the surface of the filter. This stage is the cleaning stage.

[0102] S 8.3 After the preset cleaning time is reached, the third purification bypass valve and the low-temperature intake switch valve are closed, and the drain valve is opened. After the input of cold air is stopped, the already frozen condensed water will gradually melt, and the melting process is accompanied by the flushing of the filter by the condensed water, and the solid particles on the surface of the filter are removed. This stage is the standing stage.

[0103] S 8.4 After the preset standing time is reached, the frequency of the fan is increased to make the air flow reach the air flow level before the filter cleaning. It is judged again whether △p12> the first threshold value △P12(1). If it still does not meet the condition, the filter cleaning function needs to be started again in the next energy release working condition until △p12< the first threshold value △P12(1).

[0104] In this embodiment, the filter anti-condensation operation of the air treatment module is performed according to the following steps:

[0105] S 9.1 First, it is judged whether the condition for triggering the filter anti-condensation program is met. In the energy storage working condition, that is, when △p12> the second threshold value △P12(2) but △p12< the first threshold value △p12(1), or when the air humidity measured by the second temperature and humidity sensor is greater than the first preset humidity and the duration is greater than the first preset time, it is judged that the current running state has a high risk of condensation.

[0106] S 9.2 The waste heat air supply switch valve and the first purification bypass valve are opened. This process is to introduce high-temperature air after absorbing the waste heat of the cooling system such as the compressor / expander to the air treatment module, so as to alleviate the condensation risk of the air or blow off the condensed liquid that has been dried, realize the reduction of air humidity, and prevent a large amount of condensation from occurring during the intake process to block the filter.

[0107] S 9.3 △p12 and φ2 are continuously monitored. When △p12< the second threshold value △P12(2) or the energy storage working condition is ended, the filter anti-condensation operation process can be stopped.

[0108] In this embodiment, the dehumidification membrane regeneration operation of the air treatment module is performed according to the following steps:

[0109] S 10.1 :Firstly, it is judged whether the condition of triggering the dehumidification membrane regeneration procedure is met, when the humidity difference △φ23 measured by the second air temperature and humidity sensor and the third air temperature and humidity sensor is less than the first preset humidity difference △φ(1) and / or the measured humidity value φ3 of the third air temperature and humidity sensor is greater than the second preset humidity φ(2), it is judged that the current dehumidification membrane saturation degree is high, and the regeneration operation is needed;

[0110] S 10.2 :Start the waste heat air supply on-off valve, the second purification bypass valve and the fourth purification bypass valve, the air inlet control valve of the first stage compressor is closed, and the fan is reversed at the same time, in this process, the high temperature air after absorbing the waste heat of the compressor / expander cooling system is guided to the dehumidification membrane area, the water in the dehumidification membrane is separated from the membrane by high temperature gas heating, and the separated high humidity air is discharged from the air treatment module inlet by reversing the fan, and the dehumidification membrane regeneration is completed;

[0111] S 10.3 :Continuously monitor △φ23 and φ3, when the preset regeneration time is reached and / or △φ23>the first preset humidity difference △φ(1) and / or φ3 is greater than the second preset humidity φ(2), the dehumidification membrane regeneration operation process is stopped.

[0112] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, for those skilled in the art, the present application has various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage system intake treatment system, characterized by: The air intake processing system and the compressed air energy storage system are included. The air intake processing system includes a heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger connected with an air inlet, the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is connected with an air processing module, the inlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is provided with a first air temperature and humidity sensor for collecting the temperature and humidity of the inlet ambient air, the inlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger is also connected with a low-temperature air inlet pipeline and a high-temperature air inlet pipeline, the high-temperature air inlet pipeline and the low-temperature air inlet pipeline are respectively provided with a waste heat air supply on-off valve and a low-temperature air inlet on-off valve for controlling the opening and closing of the high-temperature air inlet and the low-temperature air inlet, the high-temperature air inlet pipeline and the low-temperature air inlet pipeline are respectively provided with a high-temperature air inlet regulating valve and a low-temperature air inlet regulating valve for regulating the air inlet flow to the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger; The output end of the high-temperature air inlet pipeline is connected with the input end of the air processing module, two high-temperature air inlet pipelines are connected with the input end of the air processing module, and the two high-temperature air inlet pipelines are respectively provided with an air inlet bypass valve; The air processing module is connected with the compressed air energy storage system, the compressed air energy storage system includes a compressor set, an expander set, an intermediate heat exchanger system, a gas storage and a liquid storage tank system, the compressor set includes a primary compressor connected with the output end of the air processing module, the primary compressor is connected with a secondary compressor, the secondary compressor is connected with a tertiary compressor, and the tertiary compressor is connected with a quaternary compressor; The heat exchanger system includes a first intermediate heat exchanger arranged between and connected with the primary compressor and the secondary compressor, a second intermediate heat exchanger arranged between and connected with the secondary compressor and the tertiary compressor, a third intermediate heat exchanger arranged between and connected with the tertiary compressor and the quaternary compressor, and a fourth intermediate heat exchanger connected with the output end of the quaternary compressor; The output end of the fourth intermediate heat exchanger is connected with a gas storage, the gas storage is connected with a primary expander, the primary expander is connected with a secondary expander through a fifth intermediate heat exchanger, the secondary expander is connected with a tertiary expander through a sixth intermediate heat exchanger, the tertiary expander is connected with a quaternary expander through a seventh intermediate heat exchanger, the output ends of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers are connected with a low-temperature heat storage tank, the output end of the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input ends of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers, the output ends of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers are connected with a high-temperature heat storage tank, and the output end of the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input ends of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers; The four-stage expander is provided with a generator, the four-stage expander is connected with the input end of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger through a low-temperature air inlet pipeline, the low-temperature air inlet pipeline is provided with a low-temperature air inlet switch valve and a low-temperature air inlet regulating valve, a third purification bypass valve is arranged on the pipeline connected between the low-temperature air inlet pipeline and the air treatment module, the low-temperature air inlet pipeline is provided with an exhaust pipeline which is exhausted to the atmosphere, the exhaust pipeline is provided with a first switch valve, a fourth switch valve is arranged on the pipeline between the fourth intermediate heat exchanger and the gas storage library, a fifth switch valve is arranged on the pipeline between the gas storage library and the first-stage expander; The input ends of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger and the air treatment module are connected with a waste heat gas supply pipeline of the compressed air energy storage system, the waste heat gas supply pipeline is provided with a waste heat gas supply switch valve, a high-temperature air inlet regulating valve is arranged between the waste heat gas supply switch valve and the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger, the air treatment module and the waste heat gas supply pipeline are connected through two branch pipes, and a first purification bypass valve and a second purification bypass valve are respectively arranged on the two branch pipes; The air treatment module sequentially contains a coarse filter screen, a fine filter screen, a dehumidification film and a fan from the direction of the air flow, a second air temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen to detect the air temperature and humidity at the outlet of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger at the inlet of the air treatment module, a third temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the inlet of the fan to detect the air temperature and humidity at the inlet of the fan at the outlet of the dehumidification film, first, second and third pressure sampling points are respectively arranged at the inlet of the coarse filter screen, the outlet of the fine filter screen and the outlet of the dehumidification film, and the pressure difference between any two of them is calculated through a pressure sensor.

2. A compressed air energy storage system air intake treatment system according to claim 1, wherein, A first thermometer is arranged on the high-temperature heat storage tank, a second thermometer is arranged on the low-temperature heat storage tank, fifth, sixth and seventh regulating valves are respectively arranged on the branch pipes of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank, and first, second, third and fourth regulating valves are respectively arranged on the branch pipes of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers connected with the low-temperature heat storage tank, a second circulating pump is arranged on the main pipe of the first, second, third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers connected with the low-temperature heat storage tank, and a first circulating pump is arranged on the main pipe of the fifth, sixth and seventh intermediate heat exchangers connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank.

3. A method of air intake treatment for compressed air energy storage systems, based on the air intake treatment system and compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, characterized in that, The following steps are specifically executed: S1: the air treatment system contains a heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger and an air treatment module, the air treatment system is simultaneously performed with the energy storage process, in the operation mode, the first, second and third air temperature and humidity sensors, the first, second and third sampling points are continuously operated and record, transmit and calculate data, wherein the air temperature and humidity sensor measurement values are Ti and φi (i=1, 2, 3), and the pressure difference measured and calculated by the sampling point i and the sampling point j is △Pij (i, j=1, 2, 3). S2: When the air handling module is running, the first stage compressor inlet air temperature range and humidity upper limit need to be set, and the temperature range of the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger, the air pressure range and air volume at the third sampling point need to be set; S3: Determine whether the air pressure at the third sampling point is within the set range. If the pressure interval is met, adjust the fan speed or frequency according to the fan performance curve until the set pressure and air volume are met; S4: Determine whether the temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger is lower than the set temperature. If it is lower than the set temperature, open the waste heat air supply on-off valve and high temperature inlet air regulating valve in energy storage or energy release working condition to recover waste heat to heat the heat storage heat exchanger. If it is not in energy storage or energy release working condition, wait until the working condition is met to start heat storage for the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger until the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger reaches the appropriate temperature range; S5: Determine whether the temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger is higher than the set temperature. If it is higher than the set temperature, open the low temperature inlet air on-off valve and low temperature inlet air regulating valve in energy release working condition to recover exhaust gas cold energy to the heat storage heat exchanger. If it is not in energy release working condition, wait until the working condition is met to start heat storage for the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger until the heat storage constant temperature heat exchanger reaches the appropriate temperature range; Continuously monitor and record△p12,△p23,△p13,T1,T2,T3,φ1,φ2 and φ3, and determine whether the filter screen cleaning condition, filter screen anti-condensation condition and dehumidification membrane regeneration condition are met.

4. A compressed air energy storage system intake treatment method according to claim 3, wherein, Specifically, the following steps are executed: S 6.1 : In the energy storage sub-mode, the third switch valve at the outlet of the low-temperature gas tank and the second circulating pump are opened and operated, to ensure that the heat storage medium in the low-temperature liquid tank is parallelly shunted into the intermediate first heat exchanger to the intermediate fourth heat exchanger to recover the compression heat released by the air, and flows back to the high-temperature liquid tank under the pushing of the circulating pump; S 6.2 : All the first to fourth regulating valves are in operation for regulating the flow of the thermal storage medium of each intermediate heat exchanger, for recovering more compression heat or adjusting the flow balance of each heat exchanger or ensuring that the temperatures of the thermal storage medium after heat exchange of each heat exchanger are similar; S 6.3 : the fourth switch valve is opened to recycle the high-pressure air into the gas storage S 6.4 : open motor to absorb the excess power grid for driving compressor work, multiple compressor series arrangement step by step work to compress air to the specified pressure, low temperature heat storage medium through the first intermediate heat exchanger-fourth intermediate heat exchanger to cool air to recover compression heat, heat exchanger after high temperature heat storage medium is finally stored in high temperature storage tank, complete the energy storage process; S 6.5 : In the energy releasing mode, the second switch valve and the first circulating pump are opened to ensure that the heat storage medium in the high-temperature storage tank is parallelly branched into the fifth intermediate heat exchanger-seventh intermediate heat exchanger to release heat to the air to increase the temperature of the air inlet of the expander, and flows back to the low-temperature storage tank. S 6.6 : All the fifth to seventh regulating valves are in operation to regulate the flow of the heat storage medium of each intermediate heat exchanger, and the fifth switch valve is open to release the high-pressure air in the gas storage. S 6.7 : The air in the gas storage is released to drive the expander to work, multiple expanders are arranged in series, the air flows through the back to work and drive the generator to generate electricity, the high-temperature heat storage medium flows through the fifth intermediate heat exchanger-seventh intermediate heat exchanger to heat the air to increase the temperature of the inlet air of the expander, the low-temperature heat storage medium after heat exchange is stored in the low-temperature storage tank, and the energy release process is completed.

5. A compressed air energy storage system intake treatment method according to claim 4, wherein, The air handling system running process is executed according to the following steps; S 7.1 : the high-temperature air after absorbing the waste heat of the cooling system of the compressor / expander is guided to the waste heat gas feeding pipeline, and a high-temperature intake adjusting valve is arranged on the waste heat gas feeding pipeline to adjust the high-temperature intake flow rate; S 7.2 : A three-way pipe is arranged at the outlet of the fourth-stage expander, and the three-way outlet is connected with the low-temperature intake pipe and the exhaust pipe respectively. The low-temperature intake pipe is connected with the heat storage constant-temperature heat exchanger, and a high-temperature intake regulating valve is arranged on the low-temperature intake pipe for regulating the low-temperature intake flow. A first switch valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe for opening or shutting off the gas discharge to the atmosphere. S 7.3 : two branches are bypassed upstream of the high-temperature intake air regulating valve, and the first purification bypass valve and the third purification bypass valve are respectively arranged on the two branches, and the two bypass valves can adjust the flow of high-temperature gas provided by the waste heat gas supply pipeline to the air treatment module; S 7.4 : A branch is bypassed upstream of the low-temperature intake regulating valve, and a third purification bypass valve is installed on the branch to regulate the low-temperature gas provided by the low-temperature intake pipeline to the air treatment module; S 7.5 : untreated air passes through the first air temperature and humidity sensor for detecting the temperature and humidity of the untreated air, the regenerative constant-temperature heat exchanger which is an indirect heat exchanger and has regenerative materials inside, can store heat or cold through the sensible heat and / or latent heat of the regenerative materials, and the air treatment module, the sources of heat and cold for the regenerative device are high-temperature air after waste heat absorption of the compressor / expander cooling system and low-temperature air at the outlet of the fourth-stage expander, respectively; S 7.6 : the air treatment module is provided with the coarse filter screen, the fine filter screen, the dehumidification film and the fan in the air flow direction; S 7.7 : judges whether the temperature reaches the set temperature range, and preheats or cools the air by changing the flow rate of the high-temperature intake air adjusting valve and the low-temperature intake air adjusting valve so that it reaches the set temperature range.

6. A compressed air energy storage system intake treatment method according to claim 3, wherein, The air handling module filter screen cleaning running is executed according to the following steps: S 8.1 :Firstly, it is judged whether the condition of triggering the filter cleaning program is met, i.e. when Δp12>first threshold value ΔP12(1), it is judged that the self-cleaning operation program needs to be entered in the next energy release working condition. S 8.2 : In the filter cleaning operation, the low temperature intake switch valve, the third purification bypass valve and the fourth purification bypass valve are opened, other valves are closed, and the fan is stopped or rotates at low frequency, so that cold air and a small amount of hot air meet at the filter and condense water droplets. If the air temperature is further reduced, the condensed water will further freeze on the surface of the coarse filter and the fine filter. Due to the slight expansion of the condensation water freezing process in the filter hole and the entrapment of solid particles, the particles are stripped from the surface of the filter. This stage is the cleaning stage. S 8.3 : After reaching the preset cleaning time, the third purification bypass valve and the low-temperature intake switch valve are closed, and the drain valve is opened. After the cold air input is stopped, the frozen condensate water will gradually absorb heat and melt. During the melting process, the condensate water will wash the filter screen and carry away the solid particles on the surface of the filter screen. This stage is the standing stage. S 8.4 : After reaching the preset static time, the fan frequency is increased to reach the air flow level before filter cleaning, and the △p12> the first threshold value △P12(1) is judged again. If it still does not meet, the filter cleaning function needs to be started in the next release condition, until △p12< the first threshold value △P12(1).

7. A compressed air energy storage system air intake treatment method according to claim 3, wherein, The air handling module filter screen anti-condensation running process is executed according to the following steps: S 9.1 :First, it is necessary to determine whether the conditions for triggering the filter anti-condensation program are met. In the energy storage operating mode, that is, when △p12> second threshold value △p12(2) but △p12< first threshold value △p12(1), or when the air humidity measured by the second temperature and humidity sensor is greater than the first preset humidity and the duration is greater than the first preset time, it is determined that the current operating state has a high risk of condensation. S 9.2 : open the waste heat gas feeding on-off valve and the first purification bypass valve, the process is to lead the high temperature air after absorbing the waste heat of the compressor / expander cooling system to the air treatment module, so as to relieve the condensation risk of the air or blow the dried condensate to realize the reduction of the air humidity, prevent the phenomenon of blocking the filter screen due to the large amount of condensation in the air intake process; S 9.3 : continuously monitor Δp12 and φ2, when Δp12 < second threshold value ΔP12(2) or the energy storage working condition ends, the filter screen anti-condensation operation process can be stopped.

8. A compressed air energy storage system air intake treatment method according to claim 3, wherein, The air handling module dehumidification membrane regeneration running is executed according to the following steps: S 10.1 :First, it is determined whether the conditions for triggering the dehumidification membrane regeneration procedure are met. When the humidity difference Δφ23 measured by the second and third air temperature and humidity sensors is less than the first preset humidity difference Δφ(1) and / or the measured humidity value φ3 of the third air temperature and humidity sensor is greater than the second preset humidity φ(2), it is determined that the current dehumidification membrane saturation level is high, and regeneration operation is required. S 10.2 : open the waste heat gas feeding switch valve, the second and fourth purification bypass valves, and close the air inlet control valve of the first stage compressor, and make the fan rotate reversely. In this process, the high temperature air after absorbing the waste heat of the compressor / expander cooling system is guided to the dehumidification membrane area, the water in the dehumidification membrane is separated from the membrane by high temperature gas heating, and the separated high humidity air is discharged from the inlet of the air treatment module by the reverse rotation of the fan, so as to complete the regeneration of the dehumidification membrane; S 10.3 : continuously monitor Δφ23 and φ3, when the preset regeneration time is reached and / or Δφ23 > first preset humidity difference Δφ(1) and / or φ3 is greater than second preset humidity φ(2), stop the dehumidifying membrane regeneration operation process.

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