A method for optimizing the allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and plateau regions

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for optimizing the allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and plateau regions. The method includes drawing a water and soil resource system network for alpine and plateau regions; dividing the smallest optimization allocation units in alpine and plateau regions; calculating the NPP, water conservation capacity, water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, soil conservation amount, windbreak and sand fixation amount, and carbon sink capacity generated by evapotranspiration per unit area to obtain the basic information of the smallest optimization allocation units in alpine and plateau regions; respectively determining the objective function and constraint conditions for optimizing the allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and plateau regions; and using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal water and soil resource optimization allocation result for alpine and plateau regions. Starting from the ecological environment characteristics of alpine and plateau regions, the present invention selects the objectives and constraint conditions for optimizing the allocation of water and soil resources applicable to alpine and plateau regions, constructs a water and soil resource optimization allocation model for alpine and plateau regions, and provides support for the optimization of water and soil resources and the construction of ecological environment in alpine and plateau regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of optimal allocation of water and soil resources, and particularly relates to a method for optimal allocation of water and soil resources for alpine and plateau regions. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of the impacts of climate change and human activities, and the changes in social and economic development demands and ecological environment goals, the optimal allocation of water and soil resources will face more complex relationships. The ecological systems in alpine and plateau regions are sensitive to external disturbances. Affected by human activities and global warming, serious shortages of water and soil resources and ecological degradation problems have occurred. Currently, how to solve the problem of optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and plateau regions is an important research topic for promoting the stable development of social economy and maintaining the health of the ecological environment.

[0003] At present, traditional water and soil resource allocation mainly focuses on social and economic development. Water resource allocation mainly starts from water supply and demand, and mostly takes the social and economic system as the allocation goal; land resource allocation starts from the scale and layout of land resources, mainly for agricultural and urban development. There is a lack of an optimal allocation model for water and soil resources in alpine and plateau regions that comprehensively considers influencing factors such as climate change, ecological environment structure change, and coupling of carbon and water. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for optimal allocation of water and soil resources for alpine and plateau regions, which can comprehensively consider climate change, human activities, the mutual feedback mechanism of water and soil resources, and the ecological environment structure of alpine and plateau regions, and construct an optimal allocation model for water and soil resources in alpine and plateau regions to solve the problem of the lack of an optimal allocation strategy for water and soil resources in alpine and plateau regions that comprehensively considers influencing factors such as climate change, ecological environment structure change, and coupling of carbon and water.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for optimal allocation of water and soil resources for alpine and plateau regions, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Considering the ecological environment characteristics of alpine and plateau regions, draw a water and soil resource system network for alpine and plateau regions;

[0007] S2. On the basis of the water and soil resource system network, considering the ecological environment characteristics of alpine and plateau regions, divide the minimum allocation unit for optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and plateau regions;

[0008] S3. According to the minimum allocation unit, calculate the NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, water conservation capacity, water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, soil conservation amount, wind prevention and sand fixation amount, and carbon sequestration capacity respectively, and obtain the basic information of the minimum optimization allocation unit in alpine and plateau regions;

[0009] S4. Determine the objective function for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and high - altitude regions based on the basic information of the minimum optimization configuration unit;

[0010] S5. Determine the constraint conditions for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and high - altitude regions;

[0011] S6. According to the objective function and constraint conditions, use the multi - objective optimization algorithm to solve and obtain the optimal water and soil resource allocation results in alpine and high - altitude regions.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention relates to a method for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and high - altitude regions, which comprehensively considers climate change, human activities, the mutual feedback mechanism of water and soil resources, and the ecological environment structure of alpine and high - altitude regions. The optimization configuration objectives are set as the minimum water shortage, the minimum water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, the maximum NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, the maximum water conservation capacity, the maximum soil conservation volume, the maximum windbreak and sand - fixation volume, and the maximum carbon sequestration capacity. With the regional water balance constraint, pollution emission, and land resource balance constraint as the constraint conditions, a method for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and high - altitude regions is created, providing important support for the optimization of national land space, the security guarantee of water and soil resources in alpine and high - altitude regions, and the ecological and healthy development.

[0013] Further, the step S1 includes the following steps:

[0014] S101. According to the environmental characteristics of alpine and high - altitude regions, divide different water sources such as precipitation, snowfall, glacier and snowmelt water, and thawing of the active layer of permafrost;

[0015] S102. According to the land use types in alpine and high - altitude regions, divide the land use types into nine categories: cultivated land, residential land, forest land, high - coverage grassland, medium - coverage grassland, low - coverage grassland, water area, glacier and permanent snow, and unused land;

[0016] S103. Generalize the network of different sub - basins, administrative regions, water diversion, water withdrawal, water transfer projects, control sections, water intake and drainage nodes, reservoirs, groundwater, and water convergence elements;

[0017] S104. According to the results of steps S101 - S103, draw the water and soil resource system network for alpine and high - altitude regions.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the above - mentioned further solution are as follows: The present invention considers the ecological environment characteristics of alpine and high - altitude regions and draws the water and soil resource system network for alpine and high - altitude regions. It effectively combines the environmental characteristics of alpine and high - altitude regions and provides a basis for constructing a water and soil resource optimization configuration model for alpine and high - altitude regions based on different land use types.

[0019] Still further, the step S2 includes the following steps:

[0020] S201. Based on the water and soil resource system network, use ecological geographical zoning as the climate zoning;

[0021] S202. Based on permafrost, seasonal frozen soil, and degraded frozen soil, conduct frozen soil zoning;

[0022] S203. Use the basin digital elevation model to generate water resource zoning;

[0023] S204. Take the county-level administrative unit as the administrative zoning;

[0024] S205. Conduct an intersection calculation of the climate zoning, frozen soil zoning, administrative zoning, and water resource zoning to obtain the basic unit of climate zoning - frozen soil zoning - administrative zoning - water resource zoning;

[0025] S206. According to the environmental characteristics of the alpine and highland regions, classify land use types into nine categories: cultivated land, residential land, forest land, high-coverage grassland, medium-coverage grassland, low-coverage grassland, water area, glacier and permanent snow, and unused land;

[0026] S207. According to the basic unit, count the areas of different land use types to obtain the minimum allocation unit for the optimization of water and soil resources in the alpine and highland regions.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the above further solution are as follows: The present invention effectively combines the environmental characteristics of the alpine and highland regions, comprehensively considers the climate zoning, frozen soil zoning, water resource zoning, administrative zoning, and different land use types, divides the basic optimization allocation unit of the alpine and highland regions, and obtains each water and soil resource optimization allocation unit for the alpine and highland regions, providing a basis for constructing a water and soil resource optimization allocation model for the alpine and highland regions.

[0028] Furthermore, the step S3 includes the following steps:

[0029] S301. Calculate the NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, EVAP NPP represents the NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, with the unit of gC / m 2 ·a / mm, NPP represents net primary productivity, with the unit of gC / m 2 ·a, and EVAP represents evapotranspiration, with the unit of mm;

[0032] S302. Calculate the water conservation capacity:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, Qwr represents the water conservation volume, with the unit of m 3 / a, A i represents the area of the i-th type of ecosystem, with the unit of m 2 , n' represents the total number of ecosystem types, P i represents the runoff rainfall, with the unit of mm / a, R i represents the surface runoff, with the unit of mm / a, evap i represents the evapotranspiration, with the unit of mm / a;

[0035] S303. Calculate the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, W G represents the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, with the unit of m 3 / 10,000 yuan, W represents the total industrial water consumption and total agricultural water consumption, with the unit of m 3 , GDP represents the gross production value, with the unit of 10,000 yuan;

[0038] S304. Use the revised soil loss equation to calculate the soil retention volume;

[0039] S305. Use the revised wind erosion equation to calculate the windbreak and sand fixation volume;

[0040] S306. Calculate the carbon sequestration capacity:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, C cap represents the carbon sequestration coefficient, NEP represents the net ecosystem productivity, with the unit of t / km 2 , EVAP represents the terrestrial evapotranspiration, unit: m 3 / km 2 ;

[0043] S307. According to the minimum configuration unit, statistically obtain information on surface water supply, groundwater supply, population, ecological water consumption, industrial water consumption, agricultural water consumption, domestic water consumption, NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, water conservation capacity, water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, soil retention volume, windbreak and sand fixation volume, and carbon sequestration capacity, and obtain the basic information of the minimum optimization configuration unit in the alpine and plateau regions.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the above further solution are: The present invention calculates the NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, water conservation capacity, water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, soil retention volume, windbreak and sand fixation volume, and carbon sequestration capacity, and obtains the basic information of the minimum optimization configuration unit in the alpine and plateau regions, providing a basis for constructing a water and soil resources optimization configuration model for the alpine and plateau regions.

[0045] Furthermore, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0046] S401. Determine the minimum water shortage:

[0047]

[0048] where F short represents the total water shortage, m is the total number of allocation units, w is the total water supply sources, n is the total land use types, and water i'jk represents the water demand of the kth water source in the jth land use type in the i'th allocation unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 , and Land i'j represents the area of the jth land use type in the i'th allocation unit, and G i'k represents the available water volume of the kth water source in the i'th allocation unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 ;

[0049] S402. Determine the minimum water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP:

[0050]

[0051] where F GDP represents the total water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, and GDP i' represents the GDP of the i'th allocation unit;

[0052] S403. Determine the maximum NPP generated per unit evapotranspiration:

[0053]

[0054] where F e represents the total NPP generated per unit area evapotranspiration, and Evap nppi'j represents the NPP generated per unit area evapotranspiration of the jth land use type in the i'th allocation unit, with the unit of gC / m 2 ·a / mm;

[0055] S404. Determine the maximum water conservation capacity:

[0056]

[0057] where F qwr represents the total water conservation capacity, and qwr i'j represents the water conservation capacity of the jth land use type in the i'th allocation unit, with the unit of m 3 / a;

[0058] S405. Determine the maximum soil conservation amount:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, F t represents the total soil conservation amount, and t i'j represents the soil conservation amount of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of t / km 2 ·a;

[0061] S406. Determine the maximum windbreak and sand fixation amount:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, F s represents the total windbreak and sand fixation amount, and s i'j represents the windbreak and sand fixation amount of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of t / km 2 ·a;

[0064] S407. Determine the maximum carbon sequestration capacity:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, F c represents the total carbon sequestration capacity, and C i'j represents the carbon sequestration capacity of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of g / km 2 ·a;

[0067] S408. According to the results obtained in steps S401 - S407, obtain the objective function for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions.

[0068] The beneficial effects of the above further solution are as follows: The present invention takes into account the ecological environment characteristics and social and economic development needs of the alpine and plateau regions, selects the minimum water shortage, the minimum water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, the maximum NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, the maximum water conservation capacity, the maximum soil conservation amount, the maximum windbreak and sand fixation amount, and the maximum carbon sequestration capacity as the optimization allocation objectives, providing an important guarantee for the social and economic construction and ecological environment protection in the alpine and plateau regions.

[0069] Furthermore, the step S5 includes the following steps:

[0070] S501. Determine the regional water balance constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, m represents the total configuration unit, w represents the total water supply source, and G i'kIndicates the available water volume of the k-th water source in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 , Fk(p) represents the available water volume of the k-th water source at p, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 ;

[0073] S502. Determine the water volume balance constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and high plateau areas:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, S i'k represents the actual water supply volume of the k-th water source in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 , n represents the total land use types, water i'jk represents the water demand of the j-th land use type for the k-th water source in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 , Land i'j represents the area of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 ;

[0076] S503. Determine the total pollutant emission constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and high plateau areas:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, β takes the value of 0 or 1. When the value is 1, it represents point source pollution, and when the value is 0, it represents non-point source pollution. e i'j represents the pollutant concentration of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of t / 10,000 m 3 , p i'j represents the sewage discharge coefficient of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, A i'j represents the pollutant load of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of t / m 2 / a, T i' represents the total pollution absorption volume in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of t;

[0079] S504. Determine the land resource balance constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and high plateau areas:

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] Among them, Area i' represents the total area of the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 , Landdownj Represents the lower boundary of the area constraint of the j-th land use type in the entire basin, with the unit of m 2 , Landup j Represents the upper boundary of the area constraint of the j-th land use type in the entire basin, with the unit of m 2 ;

[0083] S505. Determine the land area balance constraint of the configuration unit for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions:

[0084]

[0085] Landdown i'j ≤Land i'j ≤Landup i'j

[0086] Among them, Landdown i'j Represents the lower boundary of the area constraint of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 , Landup i'j Represents the upper boundary of the area constraint of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 .

[0087] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the present invention is constrained by regional water balance, pollution emissions, and land resource quantity, which is beneficial for the results of the optimal allocation model of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions to better meet the needs of social and economic development and ecological environment protection.

[0088] Furthermore, the specific steps of step S6 are as follows:

[0089] According to the constraint conditions, in the process of solving the multi-objective optimization algorithm, set the maximum optimal objective in the objective function to a negative number for solution to obtain the optimal water and soil resource allocation result in the alpine and plateau regions.

[0090] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the present invention sets multiple optimal allocation objective functions to negative numbers for solution, which is beneficial for the optimization and solution process of the multi-objective optimization algorithm NSGA-II. By solving through the multi-objective optimization algorithm NSGA-II, the operation speed and robustness of the algorithm are improved, and the uniform distribution of non-dominated optimal solutions is ensured, providing a guarantee for the accuracy of the optimal allocation result of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions. Description of the Drawings

[0091] Figure 1 Is the flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0092] Figure 2This is the network concept map of the water and soil resources system for the alpine and high - altitude regions of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0093] The following describes the detailed implementation manners of the present invention to facilitate those skilled in the art of this technology to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the detailed implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions created using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0094] Embodiment

[0095] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the allocation of water and soil resources for alpine and high - altitude regions, and its implementation method is as follows:

[0096] S1. Considering the ecological environment characteristics of alpine and high - altitude regions, draw a water and soil resources system network for alpine and high - altitude regions;

[0097] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the present invention considers the ecological environment characteristics of alpine and high - altitude regions and draws a water and soil resources system network for alpine and high - altitude regions:

[0098] S101. According to the environmental characteristics of alpine and high - altitude regions, divide different water sources such as precipitation, snowfall, glacier and snowmelt, and thawing of the active layer of permafrost;

[0099] S102. According to the land use types in alpine and high - altitude regions, divide the land use types into nine categories: cultivated land, residential land, forest land, high - coverage grassland, medium - coverage grassland, low - coverage grassland, water area, glacier and permanent snow, and unused land;

[0100] S103. Generalize the network of different sub - basins, administrative regions, water diversion, drainage, water transfer projects, control sections, water intake and confluence nodes, reservoirs, groundwater and water confluence elements;

[0101] S104. According to the results of steps S101 - S103, draw a water and soil resources system network for alpine and high - altitude regions.

[0102] S2. On the basis of the water and soil resources system network, considering the ecological environment characteristics of alpine and high - altitude regions, divide the minimum configuration units for optimizing the water and soil resources in alpine and high - altitude regions;

[0103] In this embodiment, on the basis of the water and soil resources system network, comprehensively considering climate zoning, permafrost zoning, water resources zoning, administrative zoning and different land use types, divide the basic optimization configuration units in alpine and high - altitude regions:

[0104] S201. On the basis of the water and soil resource system network, use ecological geographical zoning as climate zoning;

[0105] S202. Based on permafrost, seasonal frozen soil, and degraded frozen soil, conduct frozen soil zoning;

[0106] S203. Use the watershed digital elevation model to generate water resource zoning;

[0107] S204. Take the county-level administrative unit as the administrative zoning;

[0108] S205. Conduct an intersection calculation of the climate zoning, frozen soil zoning, administrative zoning, and water resource zoning to obtain the basic unit of climate zoning - frozen soil zoning - administrative zoning - water resource zoning;

[0109] S206. According to the environmental characteristics of the alpine and plateau regions, divide the land use types into nine categories: cultivated land, residential land, forest land, high-coverage grassland, medium-coverage grassland, low-coverage grassland, water area, glacier and permanent snow, and unused land;

[0110] S207. According to the basic unit, count the areas of different land use types to obtain the minimum configuration unit for water and soil resource optimization in the alpine and plateau regions.

[0111] In this embodiment, the division of land use types is used for the optimization calculation of the subsequent water and soil resource optimization configuration model, and the areas of different land use types in each configuration unit are used as the minimum optimization configuration calculation units.

[0112] S3. According to the minimum configuration unit, calculate the NPP, water conservation capacity, water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, soil conservation amount, wind prevention and sand fixation amount, and carbon sequestration capacity generated by evapotranspiration per unit area respectively, and obtain the basic information of the minimum optimization configuration unit in the alpine and plateau regions;

[0113] In this embodiment, by calculating the NPP, water conservation capacity, water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, soil conservation amount, wind prevention and sand fixation amount, and carbon sequestration capacity generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, the basic information of the minimum optimization configuration unit in the alpine and plateau regions is obtained:

[0114] S301. Calculate the NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area:

[0115]

[0116] Among them, EVAP NPP represents the NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, with the unit of gC / m 2 ·a / mm, NPP represents the net primary productivity, with the unit of gC / m 2 ·a, and EVAP represents evapotranspiration, with the unit of mm;

[0117] S302. Calculate the water conservation capacity:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, Q wr represents the water conservation volume, with the unit of m 3 / a, A i represents the area of the i-th type of ecosystem, with the unit of m 2 , n' represents the total number of ecosystem types, P i represents the runoff rainfall, with the unit of mm / a, R i represents the surface runoff, with the unit of mm / a, evap i represents the evapotranspiration, with the unit of mm / a;

[0120] S303. Calculate the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP:

[0121]

[0122] Among them, W G represents the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, with the unit of m 3 / 10,000 yuan, W represents the total industrial water consumption and total agricultural water consumption, with the unit of m 3 , GDP represents the gross production value, with the unit of 10,000 yuan;

[0123] S304. Use the modified soil loss equation to calculate the soil retention amount;

[0124] S305. Use the modified wind erosion equation to calculate the windbreak and sand fixation amount;

[0125] S306. Calculate the carbon sequestration capacity:

[0126]

[0127] Among them, C cap represents the carbon sequestration coefficient, NEP represents the net ecosystem productivity, with the unit of t / km 2 , EVAP represents the terrestrial evapotranspiration, unit: m 3 / km 2 ;

[0128] S307. According to the minimum configuration unit, statistically obtain information on surface water supply, groundwater supply, population, ecological water consumption, industrial water consumption, agricultural water consumption, domestic water consumption, NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, water conservation capacity, water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, soil retention amount, windbreak and sand fixation amount, and carbon sequestration capacity, and obtain the basic information of the minimum optimization configuration unit in the alpine and plateau regions.

[0129] S4. Determine the objective function for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and high - altitude regions based on the basic information of the minimum optimization configuration unit;

[0130] In this embodiment, the present invention determines the objective function for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and high - altitude regions by considering the ecological environment characteristics and social - economic development needs in alpine and high - altitude regions:

[0131] S401. Determine the minimum water shortage:

[0132]

[0133] Among them, F short represents the total water shortage, m is the total number of configuration units, w is the total water supply sources, n is the total land - use types, water i'jk represents the water demand of the k - th water source in the j - th land - use type in the i'- th configuration unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 , Land i'j represents the area of the j - th land - use type in the i'- th configuration unit, G i'k represents the available water volume of the k - th water source in the i'- th configuration unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 ;

[0134] S402. Determine the minimum water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP:

[0135]

[0136] Among them, F GDP represents the total water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, GDP i' represents the GDP of the i'- th configuration unit;

[0137] S403. Determine the maximum NPP generated per unit evapotranspiration:

[0138]

[0139] Among them, F e represents the total NPP generated per unit area evapotranspiration, Evap nppi'j represents the NPP generated per unit area evapotranspiration of the j - th land - use type in the i'- th configuration unit, with the unit of gC / m 2 ·a / mm;

[0140] S404. Determine the maximum water conservation capacity:

[0141]

[0142] Among them, F qwr represents the water conservation capacity, qwr i'jIndicates the water conservation capacity of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of m 3 / a;

[0143] S405. Determine the maximum soil retention:

[0144]

[0145] Among them, F t Indicates the soil retention, in t i'j Indicates the soil retention of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of t / km 2 ·a;

[0146] S406. Determine the maximum wind prevention and sand fixation:

[0147]

[0148] Among them, F s Indicates the wind prevention and sand fixation, in s i'j Indicates the wind prevention and sand fixation of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of t / km 2 ·a;

[0149] S407. Determine the maximum carbon sequestration capacity:

[0150]

[0151] Among them, F c Indicates the carbon sequestration capacity, in C i'j Indicates the carbon sequestration capacity of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of g / km 2 ·a;

[0152] S408. According to the results obtained in steps S401 - S407, obtain the objective function for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions.

[0153] S5. Determine the constraint conditions for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions;

[0154] In this embodiment, the present invention imposes constraints on the water resources and land resources:

[0155] S501. Determine the regional water volume balance constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions:

[0156]

[0157] Among them, m represents the total configuration unit, w represents the total water supply source, and G i'k Indicates the available water volume of the k-th water source in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3, Fk(p) represents the available water supply of the k-th water source at time p, with the unit of 10,000 m³ 3 ;

[0158] S502. Determine the water balance constraint of the allocation unit for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and plateau areas:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, S i'k represents the actual water supply of the k-th water source in the i'-th allocation unit, with the unit of 10,000 m³ 3 , n represents the total land use types, water i'jk represents the water demand of the j-th land use area in the i'-th allocation unit for the k-th water source, with the unit of 10,000 m³ 3 , Land i'j represents the area of the j-th land use in the i'-th allocation unit, with the unit of m² 2 ;

[0161] S503. Determine the total pollutant emission constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and plateau areas:

[0162]

[0163] Among them, β takes the value of 0 or 1. When the value is 1, it represents point source pollution, and when the value is 0, it represents non-point source pollution. e i'j represents the pollutant concentration of the j-th land use type in the i'-th allocation unit, with the unit of t / 10,000 m³ 3 , p i'j represents the sewage discharge coefficient of the j-th land use type in the i'-th allocation unit, A i'j represents the pollutant load of the j-th land use type in the i'-th allocation unit, with the unit of t / m² / a, T 2 / a, T i' represents the total pollution absorption capacity in the i'-th allocation unit, with the unit of t;

[0164] S504. Determine the land resource balance constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and plateau areas:

[0165]

[0166]

[0167] Among them, Area i' represents the total area of the i'-th allocation unit, with the unit of m² 2 , Landdown j represents the lower boundary of the area constraint of the j-th land use type in the whole basin, with the unit of m² 2, Landup j represents the upper boundary of the area constraint of the j-th land use type in the whole basin, with the unit of m 2 ;

[0168] S505. Determine the land area balance constraint of the configuration unit for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau region:

[0169]

[0170] Landdown i'j ≤Land i'j ≤Landup i'j

[0171] Among them, Landdown i'j represents the lower boundary of the area constraint of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 , Landup i'j represents the upper boundary of the area constraint of the j-th land use type in the i'-th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 .

[0172] S6. According to the objective function and constraint conditions, use the multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve and obtain the optimal water and soil resource allocation result in the alpine and plateau region.

[0173] In this embodiment, according to the constraint conditions, during the solution process of the multi-objective optimization algorithm, the maximum optimal objective in the objective function is set to a negative number for solution, and the optimal water and soil resource allocation result in the alpine and plateau region is obtained.

[0174] Starting from the ecological environment characteristics of the alpine and plateau region, the present invention selects the objectives and constraint conditions for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources suitable for the alpine and plateau region, constructs a model for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources for the alpine and plateau region, and provides support for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources and ecological environment construction in the alpine and plateau region.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the allocation of water and soil resources in alpine and plateau regions, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Considering the ecological environment characteristics of the alpine and plateau regions, draw a water and soil resource system network for the alpine and plateau regions; S2. On the basis of the water and soil resource system network, considering the ecological environment characteristics of the alpine and plateau regions, divide the minimum configuration units for the optimization of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions; S3. Calculate the NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area, water conservation capacity, water consumption per 10,000 GDP of water, soil conservation amount, windbreak and sand fixation amount, and carbon sequestration capacity respectively according to the minimum configuration unit, and obtain the basic information of the minimum optimized configuration unit in the alpine and plateau regions; S4. According to the basic information of the minimum optimization configuration units, determine the objective function for the optimization allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions; Step S4 includes the following steps: S401. Determine the minimum water shortage: Among them, represents the total water shortage is the total configuration unit is the total water supply source is the total land use type represents the th configuration unit, the th land use type, and the water demand of the th water source, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 , represents the area of the th configuration unit and the th land use type represents the available water volume of the th configuration unit and the th water source, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 ; S402. Determine ten thousand yuan GDP Minimum water consumption: Among them, represents the total in ten thousand yuan GDP water consumption, represents the th configuration unit's GDP ; S403. Determine the NPP maximum generated by unit evapotranspiration: Among them, represents the NPP generated by the evapotranspiration of the total unit area , represents the evapotranspiration generated per unit area of the NPP th land use type in the 2 th configuration unit, with the unit of gC / m 2 •a / mm; S404. Determine the maximum water conservation capacity: Among them, represents the total water conservation capacity, represents the th water conservation capacity of the 3 th land use type in the th configuration unit, with the unit of m 3 / a; S405. Determine the maximum soil retention volume: Among them, represents the total soil retention amount, represents the soil retention amount of the th land use type in the 2 •a configuration unit, with the unit of t / km 2 •a; S406. Determine the maximum windbreak and sand fixation volume: Among them, represents the total amount of wind prevention and sand fixation, represents the amount of wind prevention and sand fixation of the th land use type in the th configuration unit, with the unit of t / km 2 •a; S407. Determine the maximum carbon sequestration capacity: Among them, represents the total carbon sink capacity, represents the carbon sink capacity of the th land use type in the 2 th configuration unit, with the unit of g / km •a; S408. According to the results obtained in steps S401 - S407, obtain the objective function for the optimization allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions; S5. Determine the constraint conditions for the optimization allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions; S6. According to the objective function and constraint conditions, use the multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve and obtain the optimal water and soil resource optimization allocation results in the alpine and plateau regions.

2. The method for optimizing the allocation of water and soil resources for alpine and plateau regions according to claim 1, characterized in that The said step S1 includes the following steps: S101. According to the environmental characteristics of the alpine and plateau regions, divide different water sources such as precipitation, snowfall, glacier and snowmelt water, and thawing of the active layer of permafrost; S102. According to the land use types in the alpine and plateau regions, divide the land use types into nine categories: cultivated land, residential land, forest land, high-coverage grassland, medium-coverage grassland, low-coverage grassland, water area, glacier and permanent snow, and unused land; S103. Generalize the network of different sub-watersheds, administrative regions, water diversion, drainage, water transfer projects, control sections, water intake and confluence nodes, reservoirs, groundwater, and water confluence elements; S104. According to the results of steps S101 - S103, draw the water and soil resource system network for the alpine and plateau regions.

3. The method for optimizing the allocation of water and soil resources for alpine and plateau regions according to claim 1, wherein The said step S2 includes the following steps: S201. On the basis of the water and soil resource system network, use the ecological geographical division as the climate division; S202. Based on the permafrost, seasonal permafrost, and degraded permafrost, conduct permafrost zoning; S203. Use the digital elevation model of the watershed to generate water resource zoning; S204. Take the county-level administrative unit as the administrative division; S205. Conduct an intersection calculation of the climate division, permafrost division, administrative division, and water resource division to obtain the basic units of the climate division - permafrost division - administrative division - water resource division; S206. According to the environmental characteristics of the alpine and plateau regions, divide the land use types into nine categories: cultivated land, residential land, forest land, high-coverage grassland, medium-coverage grassland, low-coverage grassland, water area, glacier and permanent snow, and unused land; S207. According to the basic units, count the areas of different land use types to obtain the minimum configuration units for the optimization of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions.

4. The method for optimizing the allocation of water and soil resources for the alpine and plateau regions according to claim 1, wherein The said step S3 includes the following steps: S301. Calculate the NPP generated by evapotranspiration per unit area: in, The evapotranspiration per unit area NPP , unit is gC / m 2 •a / mm, It represents the net primary productivity in gC / m 2 •a, It represents evapotranspiration, in mm; S302. Calculate the water conservation capacity: Among them, represents the water conservation volume, with the unit of m³ / a, represents the area of the 2 th type of ecosystem, with the unit of m represents the total ecosystem types, represents the runoff rainfall, with the unit of mm / a, represents the surface runoff, with the unit of mm / a, represents the evapotranspiration, with the unit of mm / a; S303. Calculate the consumption per ten thousand yuan GDP Water consumption: Among them, represents ten thousand yuan GDP water consumption, with the unit of m³ / ten thousand yuan, represents the total industrial water consumption and the total agricultural water consumption, with the unit of m³, represents the gross domestic product, with the unit of ten thousand yuan; S304. Use the modified soil loss equation to calculate the soil retention volume; S305. Calculate the amount of wind prevention and sand fixation using the revised wind erosion equation; S306. Calculate the carbon sequestration capacity: Among them, represents the carbon sequestration coefficient, represents the net ecosystem productivity, with the unit of t / km 2 , represents the terrestrial evapotranspiration, with the unit: m 3 / km 2 ; S307. According to the minimum configuration unit, statistically obtain the surface water supply, groundwater supply, population, ecological water consumption, industrial water consumption, agricultural water consumption, domestic water consumption, and the NPP water conservation capacity, water consumption per ten thousand GDP yuan, soil conservation amount, windbreak and sand fixation amount, and carbon sink capacity information to obtain the basic information of the minimum optimization configuration unit in the alpine plateau area.

5. The soil and water resources optimization allocation method for alpine and plateau regions according to claim 1, characterized in that The step S5 includes the following steps: S501. Determine the regional water balance constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions; Among them, represents the total configuration unit, represents the total water supply source, represents the th available water volume of the 3 th water source in the p th k configuration unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 ; S502. Determine the water balance constraint of the allocation unit for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions; Among them, represents the actual water supply volume of the th water source in the th configuration unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 , represents the total land use type, represents the water demand of the th land use type for the th water source in the th configuration unit, with the unit of 10,000 m 3 , represents the area of the th land use type in the th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 ; S503. Determine the total pollutant emission constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions; Among them, takes a value of 0 or 1. When the value is 1, it represents point source pollution, and when the value is 0, it represents non-point source pollution. represents the pollutant concentration of the th land use type in the 3 th configuration unit, with the unit of t / 10,000 m represents the sewage discharge coefficient of the th land use type in the th configuration unit. represents the pollutant load of the th land use type in the th configuration unit, with the unit of t / m 2 / a. represents the total amount of pollution absorption in the th configuration unit, with the unit of t. S504. Determine the land resource balance constraint for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions; Among them, represents the total area of the th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 , represents the lower boundary of the area constraint of the th land use type in the whole basin, with the unit of m 2 , represents the upper boundary of the area constraint of the th land use type in the whole basin, with the unit of m 2 ; S505. Determine the land area balance constraint of the allocation unit for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the alpine and plateau regions; Among them, represents the lower boundary of the area constraint of the th land use type in the th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 , represents the upper boundary of the area constraint of the th land use type in the th configuration unit, with the unit of m 2 .

6. The optimized allocation method of water and soil resources for alpine and plateau regions according to claim 1, characterized in that The step S6 is specifically: According to the constraint conditions, in the process of solving the multi-objective optimization algorithm, set the maximum optimal objective in the objective function as a negative number for solution to obtain the optimal water and soil resource optimization allocation result in the alpine and plateau regions.

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