Multiscale ceramic meniscus cavity reinforced aluminum matrix ballistic resistant structure

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum-based bullet-resistant structure and relates to the technical field of bullet-proofing.The multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum-based bullet-resistant structure is composed of a first layer of ceramic aluminum-based composite board, a second layer of ceramic aluminum-based composite board, a first metal aluminum plate, a third layer of ceramic aluminum-based composite board and a second metal aluminum plate arranged from outside to inside.The multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum-based bullet-resistant structure utilizes the strength breaking and blunt pin erosion of the ceramic ball to deflect the bullet head, and constructs a crescent cavity structure to increase the deflection of the bullet head while reducing the volume and mass of the structure, thereby reducing the cost.The ceramic and the aluminum-based metal structure outside the cavity can better play the ductility of the metal, absorb the energy of the bullet head after a larger deflection angle and improve the bullet-resistant capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bulletproof technology, and in particular relates to a multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum-based bulletproof structure. Background Technology

[0002] The principles of bulletproofing include energy dispersion, elastic deformation, impact absorption by ceramic and metal plates, and layered design. Energy dispersion structures are widely used in bulletproof target plates, the most common example being the use of ceramic-metal composite structures that leverage the high strength of ceramics to enhance impact resistance.

[0003] For example, CN201402101Y discloses a composite structure of a dense layer and a porous layer, which relies on the strength of the dense layer itself to resist impact. Although it can use the strength of the ceramic itself to resist impact and consume some energy, the projectile's direction is difficult to deflect under medium- and high-speed impact conditions, resulting in the projectile still having a high impact destructive capability. Furthermore, it relies on filling the pores with a small amount of metal to absorb some of the remaining energy using the ductility of the metal. However, the small amount of metal in the pores is unlikely to have the expected energy absorption capacity, thus failing to achieve the desired energy absorption effect. Another example is CN110438362B, which discloses a closely packed ceramic sphere and ceramic column reinforced aluminum matrix composite material structure. It uses the strength of the ceramic to resist impact and the shape of the ceramic to deflect the projectile. However, this solution may not be able to achieve the desired effect by relying solely on the shape of the ceramic itself. Moreover, the ceramic phase in this solution has high strength and can provide good impact resistance, but the simple composite of two solid phases will inevitably increase the volume and mass of the structure, and the increased material usage will inevitably lead to increased costs. In summary, the above structures all achieve the effect of optimizing impact resistance. However, simple composite structures inevitably bring disadvantages such as increased volume, increased weight, and increased manufacturing costs, thus affecting the practical application of the structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum-based ballistic structure. It utilizes the strength of ceramic spheres to break and passivate the projectile, and constructs a crescent cavity structure to increase the projectile deflection while reducing the volume and mass of the structure, thereby reducing costs. The ceramic and the aluminum-based metal structure outside the cavity can better utilize the ductility of the metal to absorb the energy of the projectile after a larger deflection angle, thus solving the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention provides a multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum-based ballistic structure, which is composed of a first layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate, a second layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate, a first metal aluminum plate, a third layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate, and a second metal aluminum plate arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0007] The first layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate includes a first aluminum plate body, which is disposed in the first aluminum plate body and filled with first ceramic balls through a first receiving cavity;

[0008] The second layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate includes a second aluminum plate body, a second ceramic ball disposed in the second aluminum plate body and filled through a second receiving cavity, and an extra crescent-shaped cavity left in the second receiving cavity after the second ceramic ball is filled.

[0009] The structure of the third ceramic-aluminum composite plate is the same as that of the second ceramic-aluminum composite plate, and the arrangement of the second ceramic sphere and the crescent-shaped cavity is rotated 90° compared with the second ceramic-aluminum composite plate.

[0010] Furthermore, both the first and second ceramic balls are made of boron carbide ceramic balls.

[0011] Furthermore, the first and second aluminum plates are made of 7075 aluminum alloy.

[0012] Furthermore, the first ceramic-aluminum composite plate, the second ceramic-aluminum composite plate, the first aluminum plate, the third ceramic-aluminum composite plate, and the second aluminum plate are fixed together by welding, adhesive bonding, or clamping around their periphery to form a single unit.

[0013] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0014] (1) Multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum-based ballistic structure, which utilizes the strength of ceramic balls to break and passivate the projectile, and constructs a crescent cavity structure to increase the projectile deflection while reducing the volume and mass of the structure, thereby reducing costs;

[0015] (2) The aluminum-based metal structure of ceramic and cavity can better utilize the ductility of metal, absorb the energy of the projectile after a larger deflection angle, and improve the anti-ballistic capability.

[0016] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the layer structure of a multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum-based ballistic structure according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a first-layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate according to specific embodiment 1;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a second-layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate according to specific embodiment 1;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a third-layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate according to specific embodiment 1;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the projectile effect between the homogeneous target in the comparative embodiment 1 and the ballistic structure of this scheme;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a second-layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate according to specific embodiment 2;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a front view of a second-layer ceramic-aluminum composite panel according to specific embodiment 2;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a second-layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate according to specific embodiment 3;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a front view of a second-layer ceramic-aluminum composite panel according to specific embodiment 3;

[0027] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0028] 1-First layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate, 2-Second layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate, 3-First metal aluminum plate, 4-Third layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate, 5-Second metal aluminum plate, 6-First ceramic ball, 7-First aluminum plate body, 8-Second aluminum plate body, 9-Second ceramic ball, 10-Crescent-shaped cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "from outside to inside" and "inside" indicate orientation or positional relationship only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Specific Implementation Example 1:

[0032] Please see Figure 1-5 As shown, the multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum-based ballistic structure of the present invention is composed of a first layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate 1, a second layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate 2, a first metal aluminum plate 3, a third layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate 4, and a second metal aluminum plate 5 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0033] The first layer of ceramic aluminum-based composite plate 1 includes a first aluminum plate body 7, which is disposed in the first aluminum plate body 7 and filled with first ceramic balls 6 through a first receiving cavity;

[0034] The second layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate 2 includes a second aluminum plate body 8, a second ceramic ball 9 disposed within the second aluminum plate body 8 and filled through a second receiving cavity, and an excess crescent-shaped cavity 10 remaining within the second receiving cavity after the second ceramic ball 9 is filled; as shown Figure 3 The distribution of the crescent-shaped cavity 10 and the second ceramic ball 9 is shown;

[0035] The structure of the third layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate 4 is the same as that of the second layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate 2, and the arrangement of the second ceramic ball 9 and the crescent-shaped cavity 10 is 90° rotated compared with the second layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate 2. The other features are the same.

[0036] The first aluminum plate 3 and the second aluminum plate 5 are made of 7075 aluminum alloy; the first ceramic ball 6 and the second ceramic ball 9 are both made of boron carbide ceramic balls with a diameter of 6mm; the first ceramic balls 6 in the first aluminum plate body 7 are arranged side-to-side, that is, the distance between each first ceramic ball 6 is 0, and the distance between the second ceramic balls 9 in the second ceramic aluminum composite plate 2 and the third ceramic aluminum composite plate 4 is also 0; the surface of this multi-scale ceramic crescent cavity reinforced aluminum base ballistic structure is smooth.

[0037] The thicknesses of the first ceramic-aluminum composite plate 1, the second ceramic-aluminum composite plate 2, the first metal aluminum plate 3, the third ceramic-aluminum composite plate 4, and the second metal aluminum plate 5 are 7mm, 7mm, 3mm, 7mm, and 3mm, respectively.

[0038] Among them, the first ceramic ball 6 in the first aluminum plate body 7, the second ceramic aluminum-based composite plate 2, and the second ceramic ball 9 in the third ceramic aluminum-based composite plate 4 are all arranged in a hexagonal shape.

[0039] The first layer of ceramic aluminum composite panel 1, the second layer of ceramic aluminum composite panel 2, the first metal aluminum plate 3, the third layer of ceramic aluminum composite panel 4, and the second metal aluminum plate 5 are fixed together by welding, adhesive bonding, or clamping around the perimeter to form a whole.

[0040] Among them, the first layer ceramic aluminum-based composite plate 1, the second layer ceramic aluminum-based composite plate 2, and the third layer ceramic aluminum-based composite plate 4 are all made of aluminum substrates with half the thickness, which are spliced ​​together after half of the receiving cavity is removed to form a whole. The first ceramic ball 6 and the second ceramic ball 9 are filled before splicing.

[0041] The impact-resistant structure Figure 2 The structure utilizes the high strength of ceramics to resist impacts and dissipate some energy, causing the projectile to abrade and become dull; simultaneously, due to the shape of the ceramic spheres, the projectile will deflect. Subsequently, this impact-resistant structure... Figure 3 Structure and Figure 4 The structure not only has the same Figure 2 With the same structure and function, the crescent-shaped cavity 10 can also deflect the projectile; the aluminum plate of this impact structure can fully utilize the ductility of the metal to absorb some of the energy.

[0042] During the impact resistance process, the projectile first impacts... Figure 2 The high strength of the ceramic spheres in this structure can resist impact and dissipate some energy, while the projectile will also be abraded and dulled; at the same time, due to the shape of the ceramic spheres, the projectile will deflect, which reduces the projectile's ability to strike subsequent structures.

[0043] Projectile Penetration Figure 2 After the structure, continue the impact. Figure 3 Structure, due to Figure 2 Due to the ceramic effect of the structure, the projectile velocity decreases and the impact angle deflects. Figure 3 Under the influence of the structure, the velocity continues to decrease, the energy decreases, and it continues to deflect under the combined action of the ceramic and the crescent cavity.

[0044] Figure 4 The structure is similar;

[0045] The advantages of adopting the above structure are: the cavity can not only deflect the projectile and reduce its impact on subsequent structures, but also reduce the use of materials, making the structure lighter and cheaper.

[0046] Ballistic performance tests were conducted on the homogeneous aluminum plate and the impact-resistant structure respectively. The experimental results were processed and analyzed. The projectile of the homogeneous structure did not deflect. The projectile of the impact-resistant structure deflected by approximately 20°, with a protection factor of approximately 1.62. A schematic diagram of the results is shown below. Figure 5As shown in the figure. This structure can effectively deflect the projectile, providing excellent impact resistance. Specific Implementation Example 2:

[0048] The difference between this specific embodiment and specific embodiment 1 is that: the first receiving cavity in the first layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate 1, the second receiving cavity in the second layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate 2, and the receiving cavity in the third layer of ceramic-aluminum composite plate 4 are not provided in one layer, but in two layers, as detailed below. Figure 6-7 As shown; the ceramic spheres filling the corresponding cavity are arranged in two layers; and the ceramic spheres do not directly contact each other, that is, the corresponding spacing is greater than 0;

[0049] In this specific embodiment, the first ceramic-aluminum composite plate 1, the second ceramic-aluminum composite plate 2, and the third ceramic-aluminum composite plate 4 are all formed by splicing together four aluminum substrates with a total thickness of 1 / 4 after half of the receiving cavity is removed, or by splicing together two aluminum substrates with a total thickness of 1 / 4 and an aluminum substrate with a middle thickness of 1 / 2. The first ceramic ball 6 and the second ceramic ball 9 are filled before splicing. Specific Implementation Example 3:

[0051] The difference between this specific embodiment and specific embodiment 2 is that: the first receiving cavity in the first layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate 1, the second receiving cavity in the second layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate 2, and the receiving cavity in the third layer ceramic-aluminum composite plate 4 are not just one layer, but three layers, as detailed below. Figure 8-9 As shown; the ceramic spheres filling the corresponding cavity are arranged in three layers; and the ceramic spheres do not directly contact each other, that is, the corresponding spacing is greater than 0;

[0052] In this specific embodiment, the first ceramic-aluminum composite plate 1, the second ceramic-aluminum composite plate 2, and the third ceramic-aluminum composite plate 4 are all formed by splicing together six aluminum substrates with a total thickness of 1 / 6 after half of the receiving cavity is removed, or by splicing together two aluminum substrates with a total thickness of 1 / 6 and two aluminum substrates with an intermediate thickness of 1 / 3. The first ceramic ball 6 and the second ceramic ball 9 are filled before splicing; the corresponding ceramic balls are elliptical ceramic balls.

[0053] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-scale ceramic crescent void reinforced aluminum-based ballistic structure, characterized in that, The first layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (1), the second layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (2), the first metal aluminum plate (3), the third layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (4), and the second metal aluminum plate (5) are sequentially arranged from outside to inside. The first layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (1) comprises a first aluminum plate body (7), and a first ceramic ball (6) is arranged in the first aluminum plate body (7) and filled in a first containing cavity. The second layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (2) comprises a second aluminum plate body (8), and a second ceramic ball (9) is arranged in the second aluminum plate body (8) and filled in a second containing cavity, and a crescent-shaped cavity (10) is left after the second containing cavity is filled with the second ceramic ball (9). The third layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (4) has the same structure as the second layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (2), and the arrangement mode of the second ceramic ball (9) and the crescent-shaped cavity (10) is 90° rotationally arranged compared with the second layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (2).

2. The multi-scale ceramic meniscus cavity reinforced aluminum matrix ballistic structure of claim 1, wherein, The first ceramic ball (6) and the second ceramic ball (9) are both boron carbide ceramic balls.

3. The multi-scale ceramic meniscus cavity reinforced aluminum matrix ballistic structure of claim 1, wherein, The first metal aluminum plate (3) and the second metal aluminum plate (5) are made of 7075 aluminum alloy material.

4. The multi-scale ceramic meniscus cavity reinforced aluminum matrix ballistic structure of claim 1, wherein, The first layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (1), the second layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (2), the first metal aluminum plate (3), the third layer of ceramic aluminum base composite board (4), and the second metal aluminum plate (5) are fixedly formed into an integrated body by welding, adhesive bonding, or clamping through a clamp on the periphery.

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