A water purification method suitable for plain water network areas

Abstract

This application provides a water purification method applicable to plain water network areas, comprising: (1) investigating and analyzing the hydrodynamic and water quality characteristics of canals in plain water network areas; (2) selecting characteristic degrading microorganisms and immobilizing them on a biological absorption plate; (3) during the dry season, setting up a biological absorption plate mainly composed of anaerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria inside the canal; (4) during the wet season, setting up a biological absorption plate mainly composed of aerobic or facultative aerobic bacteria on the canal slope; and (5) regularly managing and maintaining the biological absorption plate to ensure long-term water quality maintenance. This method is applicable to the efficient purification of polluted water bodies in canals of plain water network areas under different hydrodynamic conditions, solving the problem of water purification materials hindering flood discharge, and overcoming the problem of microorganisms being unable to effectively attach due to canal hardening. It can rebuild the natural ecology to a certain extent, enhance the self-purification capacity of the water body, and achieve a good ecological landscape and long-term maintenance of water environment quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ecological governance, and in particular to a water purification method applicable to plain water network areas. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the trend of water pollution and water ecology damage in various parts of my country has not been effectively curbed. In particular, the water bodies in the canals of the plain water network area are affected by the obstruction of sluice gates and dams. During the dry season, the hydrodynamic conditions are poor and the water flow speed is slowed down, resulting in a decrease in dissolved oxygen in the canal water and the accumulation of pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus. This makes the canals prone to eutrophication and abnormal proliferation of blue-green algae.

[0003] The general characteristics of water bodies in canals controlled by sluice gates and dams in plain water networks are as follows: (1) The hydrodynamic conditions vary significantly at different times. During the dry season, the water bodies in the canals are controlled by sluice gates and dams and are mostly in a static state. During the wet season, the water bodies in the canals are in a dynamic state and the flow velocity is relatively fast. (2) The dissolved oxygen content of the water bodies varies significantly. During the dry season, the dissolved oxygen content of the water bodies is low (generally 1-3 mg / L), and aerobic microorganisms cannot grow and reproduce normally. During the wet season, the dissolved oxygen content of the water bodies increases significantly (generally higher than 7 mg / L). (3) The water quality is mostly Class V or worse, mainly manifested by excessive nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients. (4) The canals are hardened, making it difficult for microorganisms to attach. The water bodies have poor self-purification ability and weak self-recovery ability.

[0004] The main causes of water pollution in the plain water network area are: (1) agricultural non-point source runoff pollution; (2) pollution caused by excessive manure and feed in fish and shrimp farming; (3) hardening of channels makes it difficult for microorganisms to attach, aquatic plants degrade, etc., and the water body has poor self-recovery ability.

[0005] Current methods for purifying polluted water bodies in canals of plain water network areas suffer from the following problems: ① Large construction projects and land occupation are required, and applicable conditions are quite stringent; ② The extensive deployment of aquatic plants and microbial carrier materials in the water body hinders flood control during the high-water season; ③ The growth and reproduction of aquatic plants are greatly affected by water temperature, transparency, and water quality, making it difficult to achieve efficient reduction of nutrients in the water body and increasing operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, there is currently a lack of precise treatment technologies tailored to the pollution characteristics of canals in plain water network areas. It is urgent to develop appropriate treatment methods based on the hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution characteristics of canals in plain water network areas to efficiently purify polluted water bodies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a water purification method applicable to plain water network areas. Addressing the differences in hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution during dry and wet seasons, a first biological absorption plate, primarily composed of anaerobic microorganisms, is installed inside the channel during the dry season; and a second biological absorption plate, primarily composed of aerobic microorganisms, is installed on the channel slope during the wet season. This method efficiently purifies polluted water in the channels of plain water network areas, achieving multiple objectives such as efficient reduction of water nutrients, ecological restoration, and long-term maintenance of water quality.

[0007] The technical solution of this application is:

[0008] A water purification method suitable for plain water network areas includes the following steps:

[0009] S1, to investigate and analyze the water bodies in the canals of the plain water network area, and to obtain the hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution characteristics of the water bodies;

[0010] S2, based on the hydrodynamic conditions of the water body and the characteristics of water pollution, select different characteristic degrading microorganisms and immobilize them on the first biological digestion plate and the second biological digestion plate respectively;

[0011] S3. During the dry season, the water in the channel is controlled by the sluice gate and is mostly in a static state with low dissolved oxygen content and high ammonia nitrogen concentration. Therefore, multiple first biological absorption plates mainly composed of anaerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria are arranged in the inner cavity of the channel. During the wet season, the sluice gate is open, the water flow is faster, the dissolved oxygen content is higher, and the nitrate nitrogen concentration is higher. Therefore, multiple second biological absorption plates mainly composed of aerobic and facultative aerobic bacteria are arranged on the slopes on both sides of the channel.

[0012] S4. In step S4, the first biological digestion plate or the second biological digestion plate is regularly managed and maintained. Every 4-6 months, the aging of the biofilm, the shedding of the packing material, and the damage to the ecological net that occur during the purification process are replaced, repaired, and maintained to ensure the long-term maintenance of water quality.

[0013] As a technical solution of this application, in step S1, the type of channel, water flow velocity, water depth and width-to-depth ratio of the channel in the plain water network area are analyzed and determined through surveys, visits and field observations; the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of nutrients are determined by collecting and analyzing water and bottom sediment in different periods and areas of the channel, and the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of nutrients include the types, forms and concentrations of nutrients.

[0014] As one technical solution of this application, in step S2, the characteristic degrading microorganisms are selected from one or more of the following: anaerobic bacteria (including methanogens, sulfate-reducing bacteria, etc.), aerobic bacteria (including nitrifying bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, etc.), and facultative anaerobic bacteria (including denitrifying bacteria, yeast, etc.). Furthermore, the first and second biological treatment plates are respectively immersed in a microbial agent solution and pre-coated with biofilms, and the water is purified through the biofilms immobilized on the first and second biological treatment plates.

[0015] As one technical solution of this application, in step S3, during the dry season, multiple first biological absorption plates are arranged sequentially and spaced apart along the length of the channel in the inner cavity of the channel, with each first biological absorption plate fixed to its opposite sides on two opposite inner walls of the channel and spaced apart from the bottom of the channel; the spacing between adjacent first biological absorption plates is 50-200m, and the characteristic degrading microorganisms on each first biological absorption plate are mainly anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. During the wet season, multiple second biological absorption plates are arranged sequentially and spaced apart along the length of the channel slope on the channel slope and spaced apart from the bottom of the channel; the spacing between adjacent second biological absorption plates is 50-200m, and the characteristic degrading microorganisms on each second biological absorption plate are mainly aerobic and facultative aerobic bacteria.

[0016] As one technical solution of this application, the first biological absorption board includes an ecological net, a rigid frame, filler balls, and biological filler; the rigid frame is fixedly arranged around the ecological net and is made of stainless steel or the like; the ecological net can be made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or nylon, and the pore size is 1cm-5cm; the filler balls are evenly suspended on the ecological net and have a diameter of 5cm-20cm; the biological filler is placed inside the filler balls and can be made of one or more of the following materials: carbon fiber, artificial aquatic plants, polyurethane fiber, and loofah sponge.

[0017] As one technical solution of this application, the second biological absorption board includes an ecological net, a rigid frame, filler balls, and biological filler; the rigid frame is fixedly arranged around the ecological net and is made of stainless steel or the like; the ecological net is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or nylon or the like, and has a pore size of 1cm-5cm; the filler balls are evenly suspended on the ecological net and have a diameter of 5cm-20cm; the biological filler is placed inside the filler balls and is made of one or more of the following materials: carbon fiber, artificial aquatic plants, polyurethane fiber, and loofah sponge.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0019] This application provides a water purification method suitable for plain water network areas, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) Based on the water pollution characteristics of canal water bodies in plain water network areas, it pre-loads characteristic degrading microorganisms on the first biological absorption plate and the second biological absorption plate, which can efficiently and quickly reduce the nutrient load of water bodies. At the same time, the engineering workload of this method is small and does not occupy land area, making it suitable for the treatment of canal water bodies in plain water network areas.

[0021] (2) This method takes into account the differences in hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution in plain water network areas at different times, and adopts precise treatment plans in the dry season and the wet season respectively. It can effectively purify polluted water bodies in the canals of plain water network areas according to the time and conditions, improve the treatment effect, and effectively reduce the treatment cost.

[0022] (3) This method mainly uses carrier biofilm to purify water bodies. It is less affected by the water temperature, transparency, and water quality of the treated water body. At the same time, it overcomes the problem that the hardening of channels prevents microorganisms from attaching effectively, improves the self-purification capacity of water bodies, achieves good ecological landscape and long-term maintenance of water environment quality, and has low operation and maintenance costs.

[0023] Therefore, this method has the characteristics of high efficiency and speed in treatment, minimal environmental impact of technical implementation, low daily maintenance cost, and ensuring long-term maintenance of water quality. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the first biological absorption plate in the channel water treatment during the dry season, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of the arrangement of the first biological absorption plate in the channel water treatment during the dry season provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the second biological absorption plate in the water body treatment of the canal during the high-water season, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a front view of the arrangement of the second biological absorption plate in the high-water season channel water treatment provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0029] Icons: 1-Channel; 2-First biological digestion plate; 3-Second biological digestion plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only used to facilitate the description of this application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0034] Furthermore, in this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above or below" the first feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Moreover, "above," "over," and "on" the first feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the first feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] Example:

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 (Refer to) Figures 2 to 4 This embodiment provides a water purification method applicable to plain water network areas. A section of canal 1 in a certain city was selected and this method was used for water treatment. Canal 1 is a man-made, hardened canal with a width of 2.5m and a length of approximately 1000m in the treatment area. Canal 1 is mainly used for agricultural irrigation, and its water quality should meet the Class V or higher water quality standards stipulated in the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002). Affected by agricultural non-point source runoff pollution and fish and shrimp farming pollution, the water in this section of canal 1 is consistently classified as worse than Class V, with excessive levels of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen. Furthermore, due to the hardening of canal 1, microorganisms have difficulty attaching, aquatic plants degrade, and the water's self-recovery capacity is poor.

[0039] This method addresses the water pollution control needs of Channel 1 by analyzing the characteristics of water pollution, selecting characteristic degrading microorganisms, and immobilizing them on the independently developed first biological absorption plate 2 and second biological absorption plate 3. Based on the differences in hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution characteristics during dry and wet seasons, precise pollution control is implemented to achieve efficient water purification and long-term maintenance of water quality. The specific water purification steps are as follows:

[0040] S1, an investigation and analysis of the water body in Canal 1 of the plain water network area was conducted to obtain the hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution characteristics of the water body:

[0041] (1) During the dry season, the water in Canal 1 is relatively shallow, with a depth of 0.5-1.0m. The water is in a static state, with low dissolved oxygen content (about 1-3mg / L). The main indicators exceeding the standard in the water are total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen. In addition, the organic matter content in the water is high, and the water has a foul odor.

[0042] (2) During the high water season, the water in Channel 1 is relatively deep, with a depth of 1.0-2.0m and a relatively fast water flow velocity (about 0.2m / s). The dissolved oxygen content in the water is high (above 7.0mg / L), and the main indicators exceeding the standard in the water are total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen.

[0043] S2, based on the hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution characteristics, select characteristic degrading microorganisms and immobilize them on the first biological digestion plate 2 and the second biological digestion plate 3:

[0044] During the dry season, anaerobic bacteria such as methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria, as well as facultative anaerobic bacteria such as denitrifying bacteria and yeast, are mainly selected and immobilized on the first biological absorption plate 2; during the wet season, aerobic bacteria such as nitrifying bacteria and ammonifying bacteria are mainly selected and immobilized on the biological absorption plate.

[0045] S3, during the dry season, multiple first biological absorption plates 2 are installed in channel 1. Each first biological absorption plate 2 is 2m long and 0.5m wide, with one plate spaced every 100m, for a total of 10 plates. These plates are arranged sequentially along the length of channel 1 within its inner cavity, with each plate fixed to opposite inner walls of channel 1 on its opposite sides, spaced apart from the bottom of channel 1. The characteristic degrading microorganisms on each first biological absorption plate 2 are primarily anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. The treatment period is 3 months. During this period, the reduction loads of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in channel 1 are 80.2kg and 56.5kg, respectively, resulting in a reduction of [missing information - likely related to effluent total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen]. The reduction rates were higher than 40% and 65%, respectively. During the high-water season, multiple second biological absorption plates 3 were installed on the slope of channel 1. The dimensions of the second biological absorption plates 3 were also 2m long and 0.5m wide. One plate was installed on each side of the slope of channel 1 every 200m, for a total of 10 plates. The multiple second biological absorption plates 3 were arranged alternately along the length of the slope of channel 1 and spaced apart from the bottom of channel 1. The characteristic degrading microorganisms on each second biological absorption plate 3 were mainly aerobic and facultative aerobic bacteria. The treatment period was 3 months. During the treatment period, the reduction load of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in channel 1 was 57.5kg and 38.2kg, respectively, and the reduction rates of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the effluent were higher than 35% and 55%, respectively.

[0046] S4. Regularly manage and maintain the first biological treatment plate 2 and the second biological treatment plate 3: Every 5 months, replace or repair the first biological treatment plate 2 and the second biological treatment plate 3 to address issues such as biofilm aging, packing material detachment, and ecological network damage that may occur during the purification process, in order to ensure the long-term maintenance of water quality.

[0047] In summary, this application provides a water purification method applicable to plain water network areas. This method is suitable for the efficient purification of polluted water in canals 1 in plain water network areas under different hydrodynamic conditions. It solves the problem of water purification materials hindering flood discharge and overcomes the problem that hardening of canals 1 prevents microorganisms from effectively attaching. To a certain extent, it reconstructs the natural ecology, enhances the self-purification capacity of water bodies, and achieves good ecological landscape and long-term maintenance of water environment quality. This method, based on the water pollution characteristics of Canal 1 in the plain water network area, pre-immobilizes characteristic degrading microorganisms on the first biological absorption plate 2 and the second biological absorption plate 3, which can efficiently and rapidly reduce the nutrient load of the water body. Simultaneously, this method requires less engineering work and does not occupy land area, making it suitable for the treatment of Canal 1 in the plain water network. Furthermore, this method adopts precise treatment plans for different periods of low and high water seasons, taking into account the differences in hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution in the plain water network area at different times. This allows for efficient purification of polluted water in Canal 1 in the plain water network area according to the specific conditions, improving the treatment effect and effectively reducing treatment costs. In addition, this method mainly uses a carrier biofilm to purify the water, which is less affected by the water temperature, transparency, and water quality of the treated water body. It also overcomes the problem of hardening of Canal 1 preventing effective attachment of microorganisms, enhancing the self-purification capacity of the water body, achieving a good ecological landscape and long-term maintenance of water environmental quality, and with low operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, this method has the characteristics of efficient and rapid treatment, minimal environmental impact of technical implementation, low daily maintenance costs, and ensuring long-term maintenance of water quality.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A water purification method suitable for plain water network areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, to investigate and analyze the water bodies in the canals of the plain water network area, and to obtain the hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution characteristics of the water bodies; S2, based on the hydrodynamic conditions and water pollution characteristics of the water body, different characteristic degrading microorganisms are selected and immobilized on the first biological digestion plate and the second biological digestion plate, respectively; the characteristic degrading microorganisms include one or more combinations of anaerobic bacteria, aerobic bacteria, and facultative anaerobic bacteria, wherein the anaerobic bacteria include methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria, the aerobic bacteria include nitrifying bacteria and ammonifying bacteria, and the facultative anaerobic bacteria include denitrifying bacilli and yeast; the first biological digestion plate and the second biological digestion plate are respectively immersed in a microbial agent solution and pre-coated, and then subjected to the process of passing through the first biological digestion plate and the second biological digestion plate... The biofilm fixed on the nanoplate purifies the water. Both the first and second bio-purification plates include an ecological net, a rigid frame, filler balls, and biological filler. The rigid frame is fixedly arranged around the ecological net and is made of stainless steel. The ecological net is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or nylon and has a pore size of 1cm-5cm. The filler balls are evenly suspended on the ecological net and have a diameter of 5cm-20cm. The biological filler is placed inside the filler balls and is made of one or more of the following materials: carbon fiber, artificial aquatic plants, polyurethane fiber, and loofah sponge. S3, during the dry season, multiple first biological absorption plates are arranged in the inner cavity of the channel; during the wet season, multiple second biological absorption plates are arranged on the opposite slopes of the channel; the multiple first biological absorption plates are arranged sequentially and spaced apart along the length of the channel in the inner cavity of the channel, and the opposite sides of each first biological absorption plate are fixed to the opposite two inner sidewalls of the channel, and are spaced apart from the bottom of the channel; the spacing between adjacent first biological absorption plates is 50-200 m, and the characteristic degrading microorganisms on each first biological absorption plate include anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria; the multiple second biological absorption plates are arranged sequentially and spaced apart along the length of the channel slopes on the channel slopes, and are spaced apart from the bottom of the channel; the spacing between adjacent second biological absorption plates is 50-200 m, and the characteristic degrading microorganisms on each second biological absorption plate include aerobic bacteria and facultative aerobic bacteria; S4. Regularly manage and maintain the first biological treatment plate or the second biological treatment plate to ensure the long-term maintenance of water quality.

2. The water purification method applicable to plain water network areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the type of canals, water flow velocity, water depth and width-to-depth ratio of the plain water network area are analyzed and determined through surveys, visits and field observations. The spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of nutrients are determined by collecting and analyzing water and bottom sediment in different periods and areas of the canals. The spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of nutrients include the types, forms and concentrations of the nutrients.

3. The water purification method applicable to plain water network areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the regular management and maintenance of the first biological disposal plate or the second biological disposal plate includes: every 4-6 months, replacing, repairing and maintaining the first biological disposal plate and the second biological disposal plate to address issues such as biofilm aging, packing material detachment, and ecological network damage that occur during the purification process.

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