A "L" shaped mining method for steeply inclined to very steeply inclined medium thick ore body

Abstract

The application discloses an L-shaped mining method for inclined-steeply inclined medium-thick ore body, and relates to the technical field of metal mine mining. The application adopts L-shaped arrangement for the inclined-steeply inclined medium-thick ore body in the bottom ditch chamber and the upper rock drilling and blasting chamber, respectively adopts upward vertical medium holes and upward fan-shaped medium holes for bottom drawing, and adopts downward vertical deep holes and downward inclined deep holes for blasting and ore drawing, which is beneficial to groove drawing and provides a good free surface for lateral blasting, the lateral blasting medium holes and the lateral blasting deep holes are all in the ore body, and ore dilution can be effectively controlled, the application can fully utilize deep hole drilling and trackless shovel mining, and can consider mechanized efficient mining and effectively reduce dilution, reduce mined ore and ore dressing cost, and has the advantages of high operation safety, high mechanization degree, simple stoping process, short stope cycle period and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal mining technology, and in particular to an "L"-shaped mining method for inclined-rapidly inclined medium-thick ore bodies. Background Technology

[0002] For deep, dipping to steeply dipping, medium-thick metallic ore bodies, there are several suitable mining methods, such as the segmented drilling open-stope method, the ore retention method followed by backfilling, and the layered backfilling mining method. The segmented drilling open-stope method requires the construction of walkways, cutting shafts, and layered drilling chambers, characterized by poor working conditions, long preparation time, low mechanization, and relatively good safety for workers inside the chambers. The ore retention method requires the construction of walkways and layered connecting tunnels, characterized by poor working conditions, poor safety for workers in the open stope, large amounts of ore remaining in the stope until all mining is completed before large-scale ore extraction, uneven production capacity, unsuitability for high-sulfur ore bodies, and relatively simple preparation work. The layered backfilling mining method features large-scale layered roof support work, poor safety for workers in the open stope, complex operating procedures, long stope cycle, but allows for mechanized operations and easy control of losses and dilution.

[0003] Traditional mining methods suffer from drawbacks such as poor safety for personnel working in open areas, low level of mechanization, complex mining procedures, and long mining cycle. Therefore, this application provides an "L"-shaped mining method for inclined to steeply inclined medium-thick ore bodies to meet the requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an "L"-shaped mining method for inclined-steeply inclined medium-thick ore bodies, in order to solve the technical problems of existing technologies, such as poor safety of personnel working in open areas, low degree of mechanization, complex mining procedures, and long mining cycle.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a method for mining an "L"-shaped inclined to steeply inclined medium-thick ore body, comprising the following steps: S1, the ore body is of medium thickness, the mining area is arranged along the strike of the ore body, and the ore access road is constructed from the ore access roadway; S2, the middle section of the ore extraction section, through the construction of the ore extraction access road along the bottom chamber of the trench, a bottom slotted chamber is set vertically to the ore body on one side of the ore receiving trench, forming a bottom "L" shaped trench; S3, in the middle section of the mining, deep-hole drilling and blasting chambers are constructed along the main roadway of the ore body through connecting chambers and are connected to the return airway. The deep-hole slotting chambers meet the requirements of vertical and / or near-vertical hole layout, while the remaining chambers along the strike of the ore body meet the requirements of downward and lateral blasting deep-hole layout, forming an "L"-shaped deep-hole drilling and blasting chamber. S4. The cutting shaft is constructed from the bottom groove chamber, corresponding to the upper and middle deep hole drilling and blasting chamber. S5. The bottom is mainly composed of upward-facing grooved central holes in the "L"-shaped bottom groove chamber. The bottom plate is arranged in the rock mass, which is conducive to groove drawing. The top plate is supplemented with a small number of fan-shaped holes. The trench chambers along the strike are upward-facing fan-shaped central holes, all of which are in the ore body. S6. In the middle section of the mining, vertical and / or near-vertical downward slotting deep holes are used in the "L"-shaped deep hole slotting chamber. The deep holes in the top plate are arranged in the rock body, which causes a certain amount of dilution. The deep hole drilling and blasting chamber is an inclined downward lateral blasting deep hole with the same dip angle as the ore body. All of them are arranged in the ore body to reduce dilution. S7. The bottom slotted chamber uses the 15m high lower part of the cut-out well as the free surface to form a 15m high slotted space by upward slotting through the central hole. The fan-shaped central holes arranged in the "L"-shaped trench chamber along the strike use this slotted space as the free surface for lateral blasting to form the bottom ore-receiving trench and provide the downward free surface and compensation space for the upper deep hole blasting. S8. In the middle section of the mining, the upper 30-35m of the cutting head is used as the free face in the "L"-shaped deep hole slotting chamber. Vertical and / or near-vertical deep hole blasting is used to form a slotting space vertical to the ore body. The slotting space is used as the free face in the inclined hole of the "L"-shaped deep hole drilling and blasting chamber along the ore body strike for lateral blasting mining to complete the blasting ore extraction.

[0006] S9. Bottom-loading waste rock is discharged into the waste rock chute by a loader, and blasted ore is discharged into the ore chute by a loader, that is, ore and waste rock are separated.

[0007] Preferably, in S1, the length of the mining unit (mining area) is 30-50m, the width is equal to the horizontal thickness of the ore body, and the height of the middle section is 40-45m.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom slotted chamber has a size of 4m×3.0m, the trench chamber along the strike has a size of 3.5m×3.0m, the slotted hole diameter is 58-70mm, the bottom slotting height is 15m to reduce the upper deep hole blasting height, the upper middle section rock drilling and blasting chambers are arranged in an "L" shape, the deep hole mining height is 25-30m, and the deep hole diameter is 100-120mm.

[0009] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention features a rational structure. It employs an "L"-shaped arrangement of bottom trench chambers and upper drilling and blasting chambers for inclined to steeply inclined medium-thick ore bodies. It utilizes upward vertical central holes and upward fan-shaped central holes for bottom blasting, and downward vertical deep holes and downward inclined deep holes for blasting to extract ore. This approach facilitates trenching in the ore trench area and provides a good free surface for lateral blasting. All lateral blasting central and deep holes are located within the ore body, effectively controlling ore dilution. This invention fully utilizes deep-hole drilling rigs and trackless loader ore extraction, balancing efficient mechanized mining with effective reduction of dilution and lower ore extraction and beneficiation costs. This invention offers advantages such as high operational safety, high mechanization, simple mining procedures, and short stope cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and middle section rock drilling chamber of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the middle section (lower middle section) of the ore extraction area.

[0013] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the trench in the mining unit ( Figure 3 for Figure 1 , Figure 2 (Section III-III) Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of ore falling by lateral blasting ( Figure 4 for Figure 1 , Figure 2 (Section IV-IV).

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Mining roadway; 2. Mining access road; 3. Strike trench chamber; 4. Cutting riser; 5. Bottom slotted chamber (perpendicular to the strike trench chamber of the ore body); 6. Main roadway along the vein on the base; 7. Connecting roadway between chambers; 8. Deep-hole drilling and blasting chamber; 9. Return airway; 10. Deep-hole slotted chamber; 11. Upward slotted central hole; 12. Upward fan-shaped central hole; 13. Downward slotted deep hole; 14. Downward lateral blasting deep hole. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] A method for mining an "L"-shaped inclined-steeply inclined medium-thick metallic ore body includes the following steps: S1, the ore body is of medium thickness, the mining area is arranged along the strike of the ore body, and the ore access road is constructed from the ore access roadway; S2, the middle section of the ore extraction section, through the construction of the ore extraction access road along the bottom chamber of the trench, a bottom slotted chamber is set vertically to the ore body on one side of the ore receiving trench, forming a bottom "L" shaped trench; S3, in the middle section of the mining, deep-hole drilling and blasting chambers are constructed along the main roadway of the ore body through connecting chambers and are connected to the return airway. The deep-hole slotting chambers meet the requirements of vertical and / or near-vertical hole layout, while the remaining chambers along the strike of the ore body meet the requirements of downward and lateral blasting deep-hole layout, forming an "L"-shaped deep-hole drilling and blasting chamber. S4. The cutting shaft is constructed from the bottom groove chamber, corresponding to the upper and middle deep hole drilling and blasting chamber. S5. The bottom is mainly composed of upward-facing grooved central holes in the "L"-shaped bottom groove chamber. The bottom plate is arranged in the rock mass, which is conducive to groove drawing. The top plate is supplemented with a small number of fan-shaped holes. The trench chambers along the strike are upward-facing fan-shaped central holes, all of which are in the ore body. S6. In the middle section of the mining, vertical and / or near-vertical downward slotting deep holes are used in the "L"-shaped deep hole slotting chamber. The deep holes in the top plate are arranged in the rock body, which causes a certain amount of dilution. The deep hole drilling and blasting chamber is an inclined downward lateral blasting deep hole with the same dip angle as the ore body. All of them are arranged in the ore body to reduce dilution. S7. The bottom slotted chamber uses the 15m high lower part of the cut-out well as the free surface to form a 15m high slotted space by upward slotting through the central hole. The fan-shaped central holes arranged in the "L"-shaped trench chamber along the strike use this slotted space as the free surface for lateral blasting to form the bottom ore-receiving trench and provide the downward free surface and compensation space for the upper deep hole blasting. S8. In the middle section of the mining, the upper 30-35m of the cut-out headroom in the "L" deep hole slotting chamber is used as the free face. Vertical and / or near-vertical deep hole blasting is used to form a slotting space vertical to the ore body. The slotting space is used as the free face in the inclined hole of the "L" shaped deep hole drilling and blasting chamber along the ore body strike for lateral blasting mining to complete the blasting ore extraction. S9. Bottom-loading waste rock is discharged into the waste rock chute by a loader, and blasted ore is discharged into the ore chute by a loader, that is, ore and waste rock are separated.

[0017] This invention employs an "L"-shaped arrangement of bottom trench chambers and upper drilling and blasting chambers in inclined to steeply inclined medium-thick ore bodies. It utilizes upward vertical central holes and upward fan-shaped central holes for bottom blasting, and downward vertical deep holes and downward inclined deep holes for blasting to extract ore. This approach facilitates trenching in the ore area and provides a good free surface for lateral blasting. All lateral blasting central and deep holes are located within the ore body, effectively controlling ore dilution. This invention fully utilizes deep-hole drilling rigs and trackless loader ore extraction, balancing efficient mechanized mining with effective reduction of dilution and lower ore extraction and beneficiation costs. This invention offers advantages such as high operational safety, high mechanization, simple mining procedures, and short stope cycle.

[0018] In S1, the length of the mining unit (mining area) is 30-50m, the width is the horizontal thickness of the ore body, and the height of the middle section is 40-45m, depending on the stability of the ore and rock.

[0019] The bottom slotted chamber has a size of 4m×3.0m, and the trench chamber along the strike has a size of 3.5m×3.0m. The diameter of the slotted hole is 58-70mm. To reduce the blasting height of the upper deep hole, the bottom slotting height is 15m. The upper middle section rock drilling and blasting chambers are arranged in an "L" shape. The deep hole mining height is 25-30m, and the deep hole diameter is 100-120mm.

[0020] Combination Figure 1-4 A brief description of this mining method. A method for mining an "L"-shaped inclined-steeply inclined medium-thick metallic ore body includes the following steps: S1 is divided into mining units with a length of 30-50m and a width equal to the thickness of the ore body along the strike of the ore body, and the stope height is 40-45m, which is the height of the middle section. S2, the middle section of the ore extraction, first construct the ore extraction roadway 1, then construct the ore extraction approach 2 from the ore extraction roadway 1 towards the ore body, and then construct the "L"-shaped ore receiving trench, i.e., the trench chamber 3 along the strike, from the ore extraction approach 2. S3, the middle section of the mining, is connected to the main roadway 6 by the chassis construction chamber 7, as well as the "L" deep hole drilling and blasting chamber 8 and the deep hole slotting chamber 10; S4, the upper well 4 is cut from the lower trench to the upper slotting chamber, serving as the blasting free face for the lower trench slotting and the upper deep hole slotting; S5, with the upward grooved central hole 11 as the main feature and the upward inclined central hole as the auxiliary feature on the upper plate in the grooved trench, and the upward fan-shaped central hole 12 in the blasting trench, with the height of the upward central hole controlled at 15m. S6, downward vertical and / or near vertical downward slotting deep holes 13 are arranged in the deep hole slotting chamber 10, and downward lateral blasting deep holes 14 are arranged in the blasting chamber, with the downward deep holes controlled at a depth of 25-30m; S7, in the “L”-shaped bottom slotted chamber 5, the cutting well 4 is used as the free surface to slot and form a blasting space. The upward fan-shaped central hole in the trench chamber 3 along the direction is used as the free surface to blast laterally and form the ore receiving trench. S8, in the "L"-shaped deep hole slotting chamber 10, the slotting area is formed by blasting from bottom to top with the cutting well 4 as the free surface. The skewed hole of the deep hole drilling and blasting chamber 8 is used as the free surface and blasted laterally multiple times to complete the blasting and mining. S9, waste rock from trenching is transported down to the waste rock chute by a shovel, and waste rock from large-hole blasting is transported down to the ore chute together with the ore by a shovel.

Claims

1. A method for mining an "L"-shaped inclined-steeply inclined medium-thick ore body, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the ore body is of medium thickness, the mining area is arranged along the strike of the ore body, and the ore access road is constructed from the ore access roadway; Based on the stability of the ore and rock, the length of the mining unit is 30-50m, the width is the horizontal thickness of the ore body, and the height of the middle section is 40-45m. S2, the middle section of the ore extraction section, through the construction of the ore extraction access road along the bottom chamber of the trench, a bottom slotted chamber is set vertically to the ore body on one side of the ore receiving trench, forming a bottom "L" shaped trench; S3, in the middle section of the mining, deep-hole drilling and blasting chambers are constructed from the chassis along the main roadway of the vein through the connecting roadway and are connected to the return airway. The deep-hole slotting chambers meet the requirements of vertical and / or near-vertical hole layout, while the remaining chambers along the strike of the ore body meet the requirements of downward and lateral blasting deep-hole layout, forming an "L"-shaped deep-hole drilling and blasting chamber. S4. The cutting shaft is constructed from the bottom groove chamber, corresponding to the upper and middle deep hole drilling and blasting chamber. S5. The bottom is mainly composed of upward-facing grooved central holes in the "L"-shaped bottom groove chamber. The bottom plate is arranged in the rock mass, which is conducive to groove drawing. The top plate is supplemented with a small number of fan-shaped holes. The trench chambers along the strike are upward-facing fan-shaped central holes, all of which are in the ore body. S6. In the middle section of the mining, vertical and / or near-vertical downward slotting deep holes are used in the "L"-shaped deep hole slotting chamber. The deep holes in the top plate are arranged in the rock body, which causes a certain amount of dilution. The deep hole drilling and blasting chamber is an inclined downward lateral blasting deep hole with the same dip angle as the ore body. All of them are arranged in the ore body to reduce dilution. S7. The bottom slotted chamber uses the 15m high lower part of the cut-out well as the free surface to form a 15m high slotted space by upward slotting through the central hole. The fan-shaped central holes arranged in the "L"-shaped trench chamber along the strike use this slotted space as the free surface for lateral blasting to form the bottom ore-receiving trench and provide the downward free surface and compensation space for the upper deep hole blasting. S8. In the middle section of the mining, the upper 30-35m of the cutting head is used as the free face in the "L" deep hole slotting chamber. Vertical and / or near-vertical deep hole blasting is used to form a slotting space vertical to the ore body. The slotting space is used as the free face in the inclined hole of the "L" shaped deep hole drilling and blasting chamber along the ore body strike for lateral blasting mining to complete the blasting ore extraction. S9. Bottom-loading waste rock is discharged into the waste rock chute by a loader, and blasted ore is discharged into the ore chute by a loader, that is, ore and waste rock are separated.

2. The method for L-shaped mining of inclined-steeply inclined medium-thick ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom slotted chamber has a size of 4m×3.0m, and the trench chamber along the strike has a size of 3.5m×3.0m. The diameter of the slotted hole is 58-70mm. To reduce the blasting height of the upper deep hole, the bottom slotting height is 15m. The upper middle section rock drilling and blasting chambers are arranged in an "L" shape. The deep hole mining height is 25-30m, and the deep hole diameter is 100-120mm.

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