High pressure plunger pump for oilfield special vehicle

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of plunger pump equipment technology, specifically to a high-pressure plunger pump for oilfield special vehicles, comprising a pressure-reducing device and a plunger pump. The pressure-reducing device has three sets, all connected to the plunger pump. The pressure-reducing device includes an actuation component, with one-way valve mechanisms on the top and bottom outer sides of the actuation component. An explosion-proof mechanism is provided at the bottom of the actuation component, and a discharge component is provided outside the one-way valve mechanism located on the bottom outer side. This invention changes the gas pressure inside the pressure-reducing cylinder by the plunger pump, allowing liquid to enter the pressure-reducing cylinder. At the same time, by setting a primary pressure-reducing zone, a flow-through hole, and a pressure-resistant arc groove, the pressure difference change inside the liquid is reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of cavitation and solving the problem that existing plunger pumps are damaged by cavitation during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plunger pump equipment technology, specifically to a high-pressure plunger pump for special oilfield vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Oilfield special vehicles are a common type of special vehicle, often used in the oilfield extraction process. As the core component of special vehicles, high-pressure plunger pumps discharge liquid from the pump through periodic volume changes, thereby achieving the purpose of liquid transportation.

[0003] When a liquid is at a certain temperature and the pressure drops to the vaporization pressure at that temperature, the liquid will vaporize and produce bubbles. These bubbles will then explode due to the high hydraulic pressure around them, causing the metal to be subjected to a strong impact, which will lead to corrosion over time.

[0004] When existing plunger pumps operate at high speeds, the plunger reciprocates continuously. During this movement, the volume of the pump body's sealed working chamber changes, creating high and low pressure variations. The resulting bubbles burst as they move from the low-pressure zone to the high-pressure zone. The metal surface in contact with these bubbles is damaged by the instantaneous excessive pressure generated by the local micro-jet impact. Combined with the chemical corrosion of the metal by trace amounts of dissolved oxygen in the liquid, over time, this leads to blemishes and cracks on the metal surface, and even gradual detachment in a sponge-like manner. At the same time, the apparent density of the liquid decreases due to the generation of vapor, resulting in a decrease in the actual flow rate, outlet pressure, and efficiency. In severe cases, it can lead to a complete inability to output liquid.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a high-pressure plunger pump for special oilfield vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address this issue, the present invention provides a high-pressure plunger pump for special oilfield vehicles. By changing the air pressure inside the pressure-reducing cylinder, the plunger pump allows liquid to enter the pressure-reducing cylinder. Simultaneously, by setting a primary pressure-reducing zone, a flow-through orifice, and an anti-pressure arc groove, the pressure difference change inside the liquid is reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of cavitation. This solves the problem that existing plunger pumps are damaged by cavitation during operation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-pressure plunger pump for special oilfield vehicles, comprising a pressure easing device and a plunger pump, wherein the pressure easing device is provided in three sets and all are connected to the plunger pump, the pressure easing device includes an actuation component, wherein the actuation component is provided with a one-way valve mechanism on the top and bottom outer sides, an explosion-proof mechanism is provided at the bottom of the actuation component, and a discharge component is provided on the outer side of the one-way valve mechanism located on the bottom outer side;

[0008] The execution component includes a pressure-reducing cylinder, with a primary pressure-reducing zone at the top and a liquid outlet at the bottom outer side. Two sets of one-way valve mechanisms are respectively connected to the primary pressure-reducing zone and the liquid outlet. A pressure regulating port is provided at the top outer side of the pressure-reducing cylinder. Anti-pressure arc grooves are provided on the top and bottom inner walls of the pressure-reducing cylinder. The liquid outlet is connected to the inside of the anti-pressure arc groove at the bottom, and the pressure regulating port is connected to the inside of the anti-pressure arc groove at the top. A pressure-resistant cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pressure-reducing cylinder, and the pressure-resistant cylinder coincides with the centerline of the pressure-reducing cylinder. Flow-through holes are provided on the top and bottom side walls of the pressure-resistant cylinder. Multiple sets of flow-through holes are provided and evenly distributed on the pressure-resistant cylinder. The multiple sets of flow-through holes at the top and bottom are respectively located in the anti-pressure arc grooves at the corresponding ends.

[0009] Preferably, the one-way valve mechanism includes an outer valve cylinder. The bottom of the outer valve cylinder located in the top one-way valve mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure-reducing cylinder and their centerlines coincide. The outer valve cylinder located in the top one-way valve mechanism communicates with the interior of the first-stage pressure-reducing zone. The front end of the outer valve cylinder located in the bottom one-way valve mechanism is fixedly connected to the liquid outlet and their centerlines coincide. An inlet is provided at the top of the outer valve cylinder. The inlet in the bottom one-way valve mechanism communicates with the interior of the liquid outlet. A sealing ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the outer valve cylinder. A tripod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer valve cylinder. A spring is fixedly installed at the top of the tripod. A piston is fixedly installed at the other end of the spring. The top of the piston is movably connected to the sealing ring and communicates with the liquid inlet.

[0010] Preferably, the explosion-proof mechanism includes an explosion-proof cylinder seat, the top of which is sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure-reducing cylinder and their centers coincide, an elastic diaphragm is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the explosion-proof cylinder seat, a secondary pressure-reducing zone is formed between the bottom of the elastic diaphragm and the interior of the explosion-proof cylinder seat, a sliding groove is provided at the center of the inner wall of the bottom of the explosion-proof cylinder seat, a pressure-receiving sliding column is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove and the top of the pressure-receiving sliding column is fixedly connected to the center of the elastic diaphragm, and a second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the explosion-proof cylinder seat, the second spring is wound around the pressure-receiving sliding column and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top of the pressure-receiving sliding column.

[0011] Preferably, the discharge assembly includes a discharge shell, the front end of which is sealed and fixedly connected to the end of the outer valve cylinder in the one-way valve mechanism located on the bottom outer side, a spring three is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the end of the discharge shell, a piston two is fixedly installed on the other end of the spring three, the piston two is sealed and slidably connected to the inner wall of the end of the discharge shell, a spherical liquid storage area is opened in the middle inner wall of the discharge shell, the two ends of the spherical liquid storage area are respectively connected to the inside of the outer valve cylinder and the front end of the piston two, and an outlet is opened in the middle outer side of the discharge shell and the outlet is connected to the inside of the spherical liquid storage area, the outlet opening faces directly downward.

[0012] Preferably, the plunger pump includes a pump housing, with crankshafts connected to the inner walls of both sides of the pump housing. A motor is fixedly connected to the outer side of the pump housing, and the motor output shaft is fixedly connected to the end wall of the crankshaft. A piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front end of the pump housing. There are three sets of piston cylinders, all of which are in communication with the inside of the pump housing. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the output end of the crankshaft. There are three sets of rotating rods, each located in one of the three sets of piston cylinders. A sealing cylinder is provided at the front end of the piston cylinder. The front end of the sealing cylinder is sealed and fixedly connected to the corresponding pressure regulating port. A push cylinder is slidably connected to the inner wall of the end of the piston cylinder. The front ends of the three sets of rotating rods are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the end of the corresponding push cylinder. A sealing push column is fixedly connected to the front wall of the push cylinder. The front end of the sealing push column is located inside the sealing cylinder and is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the sealing cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, a front housing is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front end of the pump housing, the outer walls of the three sets of sealing cylinders are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the front housing, an oil collecting pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the front housing, an oil inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the front housing, the bottom of the oil inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the oil collecting pipe and internally connected, the bottom of the oil collecting pipe is fixedly connected to three sets of oil distribution pipes and internally connected to the oil collecting pipe, the three sets of oil distribution pipes are respectively sealed and connected to three sets of liquid inlets located at the top, an oil collecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front housing, the top of the oil collecting pipe is fixedly connected to three sets of oil distribution pipes and internally connected, the three sets of oil distribution pipes are all fixedly penetrated through the bottom of the front housing, the top openings of the three sets of oil distribution pipes are respectively sealed and connected to three sets of corresponding outlets, and an oil outlet is opened at the front end of the oil collecting pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] 1. When the external air pressure is greater than the air pressure inside the pressure-reducing cylinder, the external liquid can enter the inlet and simultaneously squeeze the piston at the bottom of the inlet, causing the piston to separate from the sealing ring. This allows the liquid in the inlet to enter the first-stage pressure-reducing zone through the inside of the tripod. Since the cross-sectional width of the first-stage pressure-reducing zone is greater than the inner diameter of the tripod and the diameter of the outlet at the bottom of the first-stage pressure-reducing zone, the hydraulic pressure entering the first-stage pressure-reducing zone will be reduced, i.e., the hydraulic pressure brought by the air pressure will be consumed. As a result, the pressure is relatively low when the liquid enters the pressure-resistant cylinder, and the pressure recovery is low, thus avoiding cavitation.

[0016] 2. When high-pressure liquid enters the pressure-resistant cylinder, it will enter the pressure-resistant arc groove through the flow-through hole on the pressure-resistant cylinder, and then enter the pressure regulating port and the sealing cylinder through the pressure-resistant arc groove. Due to the presence of the flow-through hole, the flow path of the liquid is tortuous, which can reduce the pressure recovery of the liquid and further depressurize it. At the same time, the effective diversion of the liquid can reduce the generation of bubbles.

[0017] 3. When the sealing pusher moves forward inside the sealing cylinder, the space inside the sealing cylinder decreases. At this time, the external air pressure is lower than the air pressure inside the pressure-reducing cylinder. The liquid in the sealing cylinder and the pressure regulating port are then ejected at higher pressure, allowing the high-pressure liquid to enter the pressure-resistant cylinder through the perforation holes. Due to the limited number of perforation holes, some of the high-pressure liquid flows into the anti-pressure arc groove and then into the pressure-resistant cylinder through the perforation hole on the other side. The anti-pressure arc groove expands the liquid flow area. Because the inner diameter of the anti-pressure arc groove is larger than that of the pressure-resistant cylinder... The inner diameter and the pressure-resistant arc groove are the first to contact the high-pressure liquid, so it bears most of the hydraulic pressure difference. When the liquid enters the pressure-resistant cylinder, the pressure drop will be smaller. Since the external air pressure is less than the air pressure inside the pressure-resistant cylinder, the piston at the bottom will separate from the sealing ring under the action of the pressure difference. At this time, the liquid in the pressure-resistant cylinder enters the outlet through the bottom through-hole and the pressure-resistant arc groove. After the pressure reduction effect of the two sets of through-holes and the pressure-resistant arc groove, the pressure gradually decreases, reducing the intensity of cavitation damage caused by the liquid. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the device provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 An installation location diagram of the pressure relief device provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Internal structural diagram of the piston cylinder provided for this invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-relieving device provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Internal structure diagram of the pressure-reducing vessel provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the one-way valve mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the one-way valve mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion-proof mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the discharge assembly provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 A breakdown diagram of the execution components provided by this invention;

[0029] Figure 12 A planar structural diagram of the execution component provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 An installation position diagram of the discharge component provided for this invention;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a half-sectional view of the oil collecting pipe provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 15 This is a half-sectional view of the oil collecting pipe II provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 16 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the front housing provided for this invention.

[0034] In the diagram: Pressure relief device 100, actuator 110, pressure relief cylinder 111, primary pressure relief zone 112, liquid outlet 113, pressure regulating port 114, anti-pressure arc groove 115, pressure-resistant cylinder 116, flow through hole 117, one-way valve mechanism 120, outer valve cylinder 121, liquid inlet 122, sealing ring 123, tripod 124, spring one 125, piston one 126, explosion-proof mechanism 130, explosion-proof cylinder seat 131, elastic diaphragm 132, secondary pressure relief zone 133, spring two 134, slide groove 13 5. Pressurized sliding column 136, discharge assembly 140, discharge shell 141, spring three 142, piston two 143, spherical liquid storage area 144, outlet 145, plunger pump 200, pump housing 210, crankshaft 211, motor 212, piston cylinder 221, sealing cylinder 222, push cylinder 223, sealing push column 224, rotating rod 225, front housing 230, oil collection pipe one 231, oil inlet pipe 232, oil distribution pipe one 233, oil collection pipe two 234, oil distribution pipe two 235, oil outlet 236. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] See attached document Figure 1-16 The present invention provides a high-pressure plunger pump for special oilfield vehicles, including a pressure relief device 100 and a plunger pump 200. The pressure relief device 100 is provided with three sets, all of which are connected to the plunger pump 200. The pressure relief device 100 includes an actuation component 110. The actuation component 110 is provided with a one-way valve mechanism 120 on the top and bottom outer sides. The actuation component 110 is provided with an explosion-proof mechanism 130 at the bottom. A discharge component 140 is provided on the outer side of the one-way valve mechanism 120 located on the bottom outer side.

[0037] The actuator 110 includes a pressure-reducing cylinder 111. A primary pressure-reducing zone 112 is formed at the top of the pressure-reducing cylinder 111. Because the cross-sectional width of the primary pressure-reducing zone 112 is greater than the inner diameter of the tripod 124 and the diameter of the outlet at the bottom of the primary pressure-reducing zone 112, the hydraulic pressure entering the primary pressure-reducing zone 112 is reduced. This results in a relatively low pressure when the liquid enters the pressure-resistant cylinder 116, with a low pressure recovery, thus preventing cavitation. An outlet 113 is formed on the outer side of the bottom of the pressure-reducing cylinder 111. Two sets of one-way valve mechanisms 120 are respectively connected to the primary pressure-reducing zone 112 and the outlet 113. The pressure vessel 111 has a pressure regulating port 114 on its top outer side. The pressure-reducing vessel 111 also has anti-pressure arc-shaped grooves 115 on both its top and bottom inner walls. These anti-pressure arc-shaped grooves 115 expand the liquid flow area. Because the inner diameter of the anti-pressure arc-shaped groove 115 is larger than the inner diameter of the pressure-resistant cylinder 116, and the anti-pressure arc-shaped groove 115 is the first to contact the high-pressure liquid, it bears most of the hydraulic pressure difference. When the liquid enters the pressure-resistant cylinder 116, the pressure drop will decrease. The liquid outlet 113 is connected to the inside of the bottom anti-pressure arc-shaped groove 115, and the pressure regulating port 114 is connected to the inside of the top anti-pressure arc-shaped groove 115. A pressure-resistant cylinder 116 is fixedly installed on the inner wall, and the centerline of the pressure-resistant cylinder 116 coincides with that of the pressure-reducing cylinder 111. Flow-through holes 117 are provided on the top and bottom sidewalls of the pressure-resistant cylinder 116. The presence of the flow-through holes 117 causes the liquid flow path to become tortuous, reducing pressure recovery and further depressurizing the liquid. Simultaneously, effective liquid diversion reduces bubble generation. Multiple sets of flow-through holes 117 are evenly distributed on the pressure-resistant cylinder 116. The multiple sets of flow-through holes 117 located at the top and bottom are respectively located within the corresponding pressure-resistant arc-shaped grooves 115. Specifically, when the outer... The pressure difference is less than the pressure inside the pressure-reducing cylinder 111. Therefore, under the action of the pressure difference, the piston 126 at the bottom will separate from the sealing ring 123. At this time, the liquid in the pressure-resistant cylinder 116 enters the outlet 113 through the bottom through-hole 117 and the anti-pressure arc groove 115. After the pressure reduction effect of the two sets of through-holes 117 and the anti-pressure arc groove 115, the pressure gradually decreases, reducing the intensity of cavitation damage caused by the liquid. After that, the liquid will enter the spherical liquid storage area 144 through the bottom one-way valve mechanism 120, and then be discharged from the outlet 145 on the outside of the spherical liquid storage area 144.

[0038] Furthermore, the one-way valve mechanism 120 includes an outer valve cylinder 121. The bottom of the outer valve cylinder 121 located within the top one-way valve mechanism 120 is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure-reducing cylinder 111 and their centerlines coincide. The outer valve cylinder 121 located within the top one-way valve mechanism 120 communicates with the interior of the primary pressure-reducing zone 112. The front end of the outer valve cylinder 121 located within the bottom one-way valve mechanism 120 is fixedly connected to the liquid outlet 113 and their centerlines coincide. An inlet 122 is provided at the top of the outer valve cylinder 121. The inlet 122 located within the bottom one-way valve mechanism 120 communicates with the interior of the liquid outlet 113. A sealing ring 123 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the outer valve cylinder 121. A tripod 124 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder 121, and a spring 125 is fixedly installed at the top of the tripod 124. A piston 126 is fixedly installed at the other end of the spring 125. The top of the piston 126 is in a sealed and movable connection with the sealing ring 123. The top of the piston 126 is connected to the liquid inlet 122. Specifically, when the external air pressure is greater than the air pressure inside the pressure-reducing cylinder 111, the external liquid can enter the liquid inlet 122 and squeeze the piston 126 at the bottom of the liquid inlet 122, causing the piston 126 to separate from the sealing ring 123, so that the liquid in the liquid inlet 122 can enter the first-level pressure-reducing zone 112 through the inside of the tripod 124.

[0039] Furthermore, the explosion-proof mechanism 130 includes an explosion-proof cylinder seat 131. The top of the explosion-proof cylinder seat 131 is sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure-reducing cylinder 111, and their centers coincide. The pressure-reducing cylinder 111 provides an installation position for the explosion-proof cylinder seat 131. An elastic diaphragm 132 is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the explosion-proof cylinder seat 131. The elastic diaphragm 132 has good extensibility. A secondary pressure-reducing zone 133 is formed between the bottom of the elastic diaphragm 132 and the interior of the explosion-proof cylinder seat 131. A groove 135 is provided at the center of the inner wall of the bottom of the explosion-proof cylinder seat 131. A pressure-bearing slide column 136 is slidably connected to the inner wall of 135, and the top of the pressure-bearing slide column 136 is fixedly connected to the center of the elastic diaphragm 132. A second spring 134 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the explosion-proof cylinder seat 131. The second spring 134 is wound around the pressure-bearing slide column 136 and is fixedly connected to the top and bottom surfaces of the pressure-bearing slide column 136. Specifically, when the air pressure inside the pressure-reducing cylinder 111 is greater than the external pressure, the air pressure can compress the elastic diaphragm 132 to cause it to deform, thereby increasing the space inside the pressure-reducing cylinder 111 to reduce the pressure inside the pressure-reducing cylinder 111.

[0040] Furthermore, the discharge assembly 140 includes a discharge shell 141. The front end of the discharge shell 141 is sealed and fixedly connected to the end of the outer valve cylinder 121 located in the one-way valve mechanism 120 at the bottom outer side. A spring 142 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the end of the discharge shell 141, and a piston 143 is fixedly installed on the other end of the spring 142. The piston 143 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the end of the discharge shell 141. When the high-pressure liquid in the pressure relief vessel 111 enters the discharge shell 141 and there is too much liquid or excessive hydraulic pressure in the discharge shell 141, the high-pressure liquid will squeeze the piston 143, causing the spring 142 to... The contraction increases the space within the spherical liquid storage area 144, preventing the high-pressure liquid from damaging the discharge shell 141. The spherical liquid storage area 144 is provided on the inner wall of the middle part of the discharge shell 141. Since the diameter of the spherical liquid storage area 144 is larger than the diameter of the two ends of the discharge shell 141, it can effectively reduce the hydraulic pressure when the liquid enters the discharge shell 141. The two ends of the spherical liquid storage area 144 are respectively connected to the interior of the outer valve cylinder 121 and the front end of the piston 143. The discharge shell 141 has an outlet 145 on the outer side of the middle part, and the outlet 145 is connected to the interior of the spherical liquid storage area 144. The outlet 145 faces directly downward.

[0041] Furthermore, the plunger pump 200 includes a pump housing 210. A crankshaft 211 is connected to the inner walls of both sides of the pump housing 210. A motor 212 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the pump housing 210, and the output shaft of the motor 212 is fixedly connected to the end wall of the crankshaft 211. A piston cylinder 221 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front end of the pump housing 210. Three sets of piston cylinders 221 are provided, each communicating with the interior of the pump housing 210. A rotating rod 225 is rotatably connected to the output end of the crankshaft 211. The rotating rod 225 is sleeved on the crankshaft 211, and due to the limiting effect of the piston cylinders 221, it cannot move laterally. Three sets of rotating rods 225 are located within the three sets of piston cylinders 221. A sealing cylinder 222 is provided at the front end of the piston cylinder 221. The front end of the sealing cylinder 222 is sealed and fixedly connected to the corresponding pressure regulating port 114. When the air pressure in the pressure regulating port 114 changes, it will cause a change in the air pressure in the pressure-reducing cylinder 111. The inner wall of the end of the piston cylinder 221 slides... A push cylinder 223 is connected to the front end of three sets of rotating rods 225, which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding end of the push cylinder 223. A sealing push column 224 is fixedly connected to the front wall of the push cylinder 223. The front end of the sealing push column 224 is located inside the sealing cylinder 222 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 222. Specifically, the output shaft of the drive motor 212 drives the crankshaft 211 to rotate, which drives the three sets of rotating rods 225 to reciprocate, thereby pulling the push cylinder 223 and the sealing push column 224 at the front end of the push cylinder 223 to move. This causes the sealing push column 224 to reciprocate inside the sealing cylinder 222. When the sealing push column 224 moves backward inside the sealing cylinder 222, the space inside the sealing cylinder 222 increases, that is, the air pressure inside the sealing cylinder 222 decreases. When the sealing push column 224 moves forward inside the sealing cylinder 222, the space inside the sealing cylinder 222 decreases, that is, the air pressure inside the sealing cylinder 222 increases.

[0042] Furthermore, a front housing 230 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front end of the pump housing 210. The outer walls of the three sets of sealing cylinders 222 are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the front housing 230. An oil collecting pipe 231 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the front housing 230. An oil inlet pipe 232 is fixedly connected to the top of the front housing 230. The bottom of the oil inlet pipe 232 is fixedly connected to the oil collecting pipe 231 and internally connected. Three sets of oil distribution pipes 233 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the oil collecting pipe 231 and internally connected to the oil collecting pipe 231. Liquid oil can be injected into the oil collecting pipe 231 through the oil inlet pipe 232. 233 is sealed and connected to three sets of liquid inlets 122 located at the top. When the pressure difference inside the pressure relief cylinder 111 changes, liquid oil can be drawn into the pressure relief cylinder 111. The bottom of the front housing 230 is fixedly connected to an oil collection pipe 234. The top of the oil collection pipe 234 is fixedly connected to three sets of oil distribution pipes 235 and they are internally connected. All three sets of oil distribution pipes 235 are fixedly connected through the bottom of the front housing 230. The top openings of the three sets of oil distribution pipes 235 are respectively sealed and connected to the corresponding three sets of outlets 145. The front end of the oil collection pipe 234 is provided with an oil outlet 236, which can discharge high-pressure oil.

[0043] The usage process of this invention is as follows: Those skilled in the art use a drive motor 212 to rotate its output shaft, causing the crankshaft 211 to rotate, which in turn causes the three sets of rotating rods 225 to reciprocate. This pulls the push cylinder 223 and the sealing push column 224 at the front end of the push cylinder 223 to move, causing the sealing push column 224 to reciprocate within the sealing cylinder 222. When the sealing push column 224 moves backward within the sealing cylinder 222, the space inside the sealing cylinder 222 increases (i.e., the air pressure inside the sealing cylinder 222 decreases). At this time, the external air pressure is greater than the air pressure inside the pressure-reducing vessel 111, thus allowing external liquid to enter the inlet 122, simultaneously controlling the inlet liquid... The piston 126 at the bottom of the inlet 122 squeezes the liquid, causing the piston 126 to separate from the sealing ring 123. This allows the liquid in the inlet 122 to enter the first-stage pressure-reducing zone 112 through the inside of the tripod 124 (due to the large change in air pressure, a large hydraulic pressure is generated). Since the cross-sectional width of the first-stage pressure-reducing zone 112 is larger than the inner diameter of the tripod 124 and the diameter of the outlet at the bottom of the first-stage pressure-reducing zone 112, the hydraulic pressure entering the first-stage pressure-reducing zone 112 is reduced (i.e., the hydraulic pressure generated by the air pressure is consumed). As a result, the pressure is relatively low when the liquid enters the pressure-resistant cylinder 116, and the pressure recovery is low, thus avoiding cavitation.

[0044] When high-pressure liquid enters the pressure-resistant cylinder 116, it enters the pressure-resistant arc groove 115 through the flow-through hole 117 on the pressure-resistant cylinder 116. Then, it enters the pressure regulating port 114 and the sealing cylinder 222 through the pressure-resistant arc groove 115. Due to the presence of the flow-through hole 117, the flow path of the liquid is tortuous, which can reduce the pressure recovery of the liquid and further reduce the pressure. At the same time, the effective diversion of the liquid can reduce the generation of bubbles.

[0045] When the sealing pusher 224 moves forward inside the sealing cylinder 222, the space inside the sealing cylinder 222 becomes smaller (i.e., the air pressure inside the sealing cylinder 222 increases). At this time, the external air pressure is less than the air pressure inside the pressure relief cylinder 111. At this time, the pressure regulating port 114 and the liquid inside the sealing cylinder 222 are ejected at a higher pressure, so that the high-pressure liquid enters the pressure-resistant cylinder 116 through the flow-through hole 117. Since the number of flow-through holes 117 is limited, some of the high-pressure liquid will flow into the anti-pressure arc groove 115, and then flow into the pressure-resistant cylinder 116 through the flow-through hole 117 on the other side. The anti-pressure arc groove 115 can expand the flow area of ​​the liquid. Since the inner diameter of the anti-pressure arc groove 115 is larger than the inner diameter of the pressure-resistant cylinder 116 and the anti-pressure arc groove 115 contacts the high-pressure liquid first, it bears most of the hydraulic pressure difference. When the liquid enters the pressure-resistant cylinder 116, the pressure drop will be smaller.

[0046] Because the external air pressure is lower than the air pressure inside the pressure-reducing cylinder 111, the piston 126 at the bottom will separate from the sealing ring 123 under the action of the pressure difference. At this time, the liquid in the pressure-resistant cylinder 116 enters the outlet 113 through the flow-through hole 117 and the anti-pressure arc groove 115 at the bottom. After the pressure reduction effect of the two sets of flow-through holes 117 and anti-pressure arc groove 115, the pressure gradually decreases, reducing the intensity of cavitation damage caused by the liquid. After that, the liquid will enter the spherical liquid storage area 144 through the one-way valve mechanism 120 at the bottom, and then be discharged from the outlet 145 on the outside of the spherical liquid storage area 144. It will then enter the oil collection pipe 234 through the three-part oil pipe 235, and then be discharged from the oil outlet 236 at the front end of the oil collection pipe 234, thus completing the compression of the liquid oil.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify the present invention or modify it into an equivalent technical solution using the technical solutions described above. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure plunger pump for special oilfield vehicles, comprising a pressure-reducing device (100) and a plunger pump (200), wherein the pressure-reducing device (100) is provided in three sets and each set is connected to the plunger pump (200), characterized in that: The pressure relief device (100) includes an actuation component (110), the actuation component (110) is provided with a one-way valve mechanism (120) on the top and bottom outer sides, the actuation component (110) is provided with an explosion-proof mechanism (130) at the bottom, and a discharge component (140) is provided on the outer side of the one-way valve mechanism (120) located on the bottom outer side. The execution component (110) includes a pressure-reducing cylinder (111), the pressure-reducing cylinder (111) has a primary pressure-reducing zone (112) at the top, and a liquid outlet (113) at the bottom outer side of the pressure-reducing cylinder (111). Two sets of one-way valve mechanisms (120) are respectively connected to the primary pressure-reducing zone (112) and the liquid outlet (113). The pressure-regulating port (114) is located at the top outer side of the pressure-reducing cylinder (111). Anti-pressure arc grooves (115) are provided on the top and bottom inner walls of the pressure-reducing cylinder (111). The liquid outlet (113) is connected to the bottom anti-pressure arc groove. The pressure-adjusting arc groove (115) is internally connected, and the pressure regulating port (114) is internally connected to the pressure-resistant arc groove (115) at the top. The pressure-reducing cylinder (111) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pressure-reducing cylinder (116), and the pressure-reducing cylinder (116) coincides with the center line of the pressure-reducing cylinder (111). The pressure-reducing cylinder (116) has flow-through holes (117) on its top and bottom side walls. The flow-through holes (117) are provided in multiple sets and are evenly distributed on the pressure-reducing cylinder (116). The multiple sets of flow-through holes (117) located at the top and bottom are respectively located in the pressure-resistant arc groove (115) at the corresponding ends.

2. The high-pressure plunger pump for oilfield special vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve mechanism (120) includes an outer valve cylinder (121). The bottom of the outer valve cylinder (121) located in the top one-way valve mechanism (120) is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure-reducing cylinder (111) and their center lines coincide. The outer valve cylinder (121) located in the top one-way valve mechanism (120) communicates with the interior of the first-stage pressure-reducing zone (112). The front end of the outer valve cylinder (121) located in the bottom one-way valve mechanism (120) is fixedly connected to the liquid outlet (113) and their center lines coincide. The top of the outer valve cylinder (121) is provided with a liquid inlet (122) located on the bottom outer side. The inlet (122) and outlet (113) of the one-way valve mechanism (120) are internally connected. A sealing ring (123) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the outer valve cylinder (121). A tripod (124) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer valve cylinder (121). A spring (125) is fixedly installed at the top of the tripod (124). A piston (126) is fixedly installed at the other end of the spring (125). The top of the piston (126) is sealed and movablely connected to the sealing ring (123). The top of the piston (126) is connected to the inlet (122).

3. The high-pressure plunger pump for oilfield special vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof mechanism (130) includes an explosion-proof cylinder seat (131). The top of the explosion-proof cylinder seat (131) is sealed and fixed to the bottom of the pressure-reducing cylinder (111) and the center line coincides. An elastic diaphragm (132) is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the top of the explosion-proof cylinder seat (131). A secondary pressure-reducing zone (133) is formed between the bottom of the elastic diaphragm (132) and the interior of the explosion-proof cylinder seat (131). A sliding groove (135) is provided at the center of the inner wall of the bottom of the explosion-proof cylinder seat (131). A pressure-receiving sliding column (136) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (135), and the top of the pressure-receiving sliding column (136) is fixed to the center of the elastic diaphragm (132). A second spring (134) is fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the explosion-proof cylinder seat (131). The second spring (134) is wound around the pressure-receiving sliding column (136) and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top of the pressure-receiving sliding column (136).

4. The high-pressure plunger pump for oilfield special vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge assembly (140) includes a discharge shell (141). The front end of the discharge shell (141) is sealed and fixed to the end of the outer valve cylinder (121) inside the one-way valve mechanism (120) located on the bottom outer side. A spring three (142) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the end of the discharge shell (141). A piston two (143) is fixedly installed on the other end of the spring three (142). The piston two (143) is sealed and slidably connected to the inner wall of the end of the discharge shell (141). A spherical liquid storage area (144) is opened on the inner wall of the middle part of the discharge shell (141). The two ends of the spherical liquid storage area (144) are respectively connected to the inside of the outer valve cylinder (121) and the front end of the piston two (143). An outlet (145) is opened on the outer side of the middle part of the discharge shell (141) and is connected to the inside of the spherical liquid storage area (144). The outlet (145) faces directly downward.

5. A high-pressure plunger pump for oilfield special vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger pump (200) includes a pump housing (210). A crankshaft (211) is rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the pump housing (210). A motor (212) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the pump housing (210), and the output shaft of the motor (212) is fixedly connected to the end wall of the crankshaft (211). A piston cylinder (221) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front end of the pump housing (210). Three sets of piston cylinders (221) are provided, all of which communicate with the interior of the pump housing (210). A rotating rod (225) is rotatably connected to the output end of the crankshaft (211). Three sets of rotating rods (225) are provided and are located at three... Inside the piston cylinder (221), a sealing cylinder (222) is provided at the front end of the piston cylinder (221). The front end of the sealing cylinder (222) is sealed and fixedly connected to the corresponding pressure regulating port (114). A push cylinder (223) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the end of the piston cylinder (221). The front ends of the three sets of rotating rods (225) are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the end of the corresponding push cylinder (223). A sealing push column (224) is fixedly connected to the front wall of the push cylinder (223). The front end of the sealing push column (224) is located inside the sealing cylinder (222) and is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the sealing cylinder (222).

6. A high-pressure plunger pump for oilfield special vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: A front housing (230) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front end of the pump housing (210). The outer walls of the three sets of sealing cylinders (222) are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the front housing (230). An oil collecting pipe (231) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the front housing (230). An oil inlet pipe (232) is fixedly connected to the top of the front housing (230). The bottom of the oil inlet pipe (232) is fixedly connected to the oil collecting pipe (231) and internally connected. Three sets of oil distribution pipes (233) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the oil collecting pipe (231) and internally connected to the oil collecting pipe (231). The three sets of oil distribution pipes (233) are respectively sealed and connected to the three sets of liquid inlets (122) located at the top. The bottom of the front housing (230) is fixedly connected to the oil collection pipe (234). The top of the oil collection pipe (234) is fixedly connected to the three sets of oil distribution pipes (235) and they are internally connected. The three sets of oil distribution pipes (235) are all fixedly connected through the bottom of the front housing (230). The top openings of the three sets of oil distribution pipes (235) are respectively sealed and connected to the three sets of outlets (145). The front end of the oil collection pipe (234) is provided with an oil outlet (236).

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