Experimental device and method for inducing animal model of diffuse brain injury

Abstract

The application discloses an experimental device and method for inducing an animal model of diffuse brain injury, and the experimental device comprises a base, a motor device is installed on the base, a carrier is located directly above the base, the motor device is connected with the center position of the carrier through a transmission shaft, an animal experiment bottom plate is installed above the carrier, an upper cover plate is installed on the animal experiment bottom plate, an animal fixing device is arranged in a matched mode with the animal experiment bottom plate, a dynamic-static balance adjusting system comprises a slide rail installed on the carrier and / or the animal experiment bottom plate, and a counterweight is installed on the slide rail. The experimental device for inducing the animal model of diffuse brain injury can bear the animal to conduct a continuous high angular velocity impact experiment, can induce the animal model of diffuse brain injury, and is used for innovating the injury mechanism, injury tolerance / limit threshold and injury protection of diffuse brain injury.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rotational impact diffuse axonal injury, specifically relating to an experimental apparatus and method for inducing an animal model of diffuse brain injury. Background Technology

[0002] Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of disability or death among traumatic brain injury patients, frequently occurring in fields such as aerospace, railway transportation, and sports, causing significant losses to people's lives and property. Diffuse brain injury (DBI) is a common type of TBI, and its mechanism has gradually shifted from linear to rotational motion. When the brain is subjected to a rotational impact, instantaneous shear forces are generated within the brain tissue. Due to differences in the material properties of different parts of the brain tissue, relative motion occurs between different parts. Nerves distributed at the junctions of these different parts are stretched, twisted, or broken under the combined effects of shear force, tensile force, and rotational force, resulting in DBI. DBI can cause severe impairment of brain function, leading to cognitive, behavioral, and emotional disorders or even death. Currently, the treatment and prognosis, injury mechanism, injury tolerance / threshold, and injury protection of this disease remain unclear. Therefore, establishing an experimental device that can induce an animal model of DBI could significantly advance research in this field.

[0003] Existing diffuse brain injury model devices have limitations such as instantaneous single-shot, mixed linear and rotational motion, other focal lesions caused by contact impact, and craniotomy trauma. For example, (1) Chinese patent document CN102670321A discloses a device for a diffuse brain injury animal model for rodents, which uses a single explosion shock wave from a paper electric detonator to cause injury; (2) HYGE pneumatic actuator and Penn II model: the head of a primate rotates 60° around the neck with high acceleration in an instant (Abel 1978; Gennarelli 1982); (3) Controlled cortical impact (CCI) model: using a pneumatically controlled steel piston to directly impact the brain of a rodent after craniotomy to expose the meninges (Dixon, 1991); (4) Free fall impact model: a series of brass falls freely at a set height and impacts the skull of a rodent, and a metal helmet can be added to prevent skull fracture (Marmarou 1994); (5) Fluid Percussion (FP) model: after craniotomy, a conduit is connected between the dura mater and the hydraulic impact outlet of the rodent. The pendulum falls freely and impacts the piston on the liquid-filled cylinder of the device, generating a fluid pulse. Liquid enters the skull, causing compression and displacement of the brain parenchyma, and intracranial pressure rises sharply and spreads to the brain (Thompson, 2005); (6) Biting HYGE rotating device: The pig's snout bites into the connecting rod of the pneumatic device, and the pig's head rotates around the cervical spine (Raghupathi 2002); (7) Closed Head Impact Model of Engineered Rotational Acceleration (CHIMERA): Pneumatic impact devices of different air pressures impact the head of the rodent, and the head rotates around the cervical spine (Namjoshi, 2014); (8) Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) model: The impactor impacts the helmet that fixes the head of the rodent, and the animal's head rotates around the cervical spine (Stemper, 2016); (9) Free fall rotating model: A series of brass falls freely from a set height and impacts the connecting rod that fixes the rodent, and the connecting rod drives the animal to rotate (Frank, 2020).

[0004] The aforementioned diffuse brain injury models all have certain limitations: the experimental devices in these existing technologies generate instantaneous, single high-acceleration impacts, and because the components (or impact medium) of these devices come into direct contact with the experimental animals during the impact, this type of impact can easily lead to traumatic brain injury. This can result in inaccurate simulations when studying other pathological effects of diffuse brain injury. Therefore, the current technology lacks an experimental device that allows for sustained high-angular-velocity rotation, non-contact impact, and no traumatic brain injury, which can better induce animal models of diffuse brain injury. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application addresses the technical problem of inaccurate simulation processes caused by the shortcomings of existing diffuse brain injury induction devices, such as instantaneous single-injury, contact impact leading to other focal lesions, and craniotomy trauma. It provides an experimental device for inducing diffuse brain injury that features continuous rotation, no contact impact, and no traumatic brain injury. The invention also provides a method for conducting diffuse brain injury experiments using the aforementioned experimental device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] An experimental apparatus for inducing an animal model of diffuse brain injury includes: a base on which an electric frequency motor is mounted; a platform located directly above the base, wherein the electric frequency motor is connected to the center of the platform via a drive shaft; an animal experimental base plate is mounted above the platform; a top cover plate is mounted on the animal experimental base plate; and an animal restraint device is provided in conjunction with the animal experimental base plate; and a dynamic and static balance adjustment system including a slide rail mounted on the platform and / or the animal experimental base plate, wherein a counterweight is mounted on the slide rail.

[0008] The base includes an upper base and a lower base, which are fixed as a single unit. An intermediate motor connecting plate is provided between the upper base and the lower base, and the electric frequency motor device is fixedly mounted on the intermediate motor connecting plate.

[0009] The electric frequency motor device can achieve an angular acceleration of up to 1000 rad / s during acceleration. 2 The angular acceleration during deceleration can reach -1000 rad / s². 2 It can maintain stable rotation at the highest rotational angular velocity.

[0010] It is also equipped with a control system, which drives the electric frequency motor to execute the operating condition command according to the set rotation operating condition parameters, thereby driving the platform to rotate; the control system collects the real-time operating condition information of the motor through the motor sampling encoder.

[0011] The design includes detachable and movable counterweights; it is also equipped with a single- or double-sided field balancing instrument. After the animal is fixed on the platform, the single- or double-sided field balancing instrument is used to measure the counterweight requirements of the platform. If the measurement shows that the platform is unbalanced, the position and size of the counterweights are adjusted until the single- or double-sided field balancing instrument calculates that the platform is balanced.

[0012] The platform is a circular platform, the base plate is a rectangular base plate, and the platform, animal experiment base plate and top cover plate are made of high-strength aluminum alloy. The animal experiment base plate has a hollow structure.

[0013] It also includes a safety protection system, which includes a sheet metal shell and an armor assembly located on the inner surface of the sheet metal shell; the armor assembly is composed of a multi-layer plate structure, including steel plate, polyurethane plate, steel plate, polyurethane plate and steel plate arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.

[0014] The experimental apparatus described above, which can induce an animal model of diffuse brain injury, is used to conduct experiments on animal rotational impact brain injury.

[0015] The method for conducting diffuse brain injury experiments using the aforementioned experimental apparatus involves first fixing the animal to the animal experimental base plate of the apparatus, then starting the stage to rotate continuously. The animal is fixed in a supine, lateral, or sitting / standing position, with the animal's head rotating in the coronal, sagittal, and horizontal planes, respectively.

[0016] During the experiment, the animal's head was fixed at the center of rotation of the platform, and the platform was started to rotate continuously as follows: In the initial stage, the rotational angular velocity of the platform increased linearly from 0 to the maximum rotational angular velocity, which was 400-6000 rpm, and the initial stage lasted for 0.04-0.5 s; after the platform reached the maximum rotational angular velocity, it was maintained at the maximum rotational angular velocity for several minutes before entering the final stage, in which the maximum rotational angular velocity of the platform decreased linearly to 0, and the final stage lasted for 0.04-0.5 s; during the experiment, the rotational parameters set by the control system were adjusted to regulate the angular acceleration, the maximum rotational angular velocity, and the time to maintain the maximum rotational angular velocity, so as to conduct grouped experiments on experimental animals with different impact loads and different impact times.

[0017] The advantages of the experimental apparatus and method for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model described in this application are as follows:

[0018] The experimental device described in this application, capable of inducing an animal model of diffuse brain injury, can withstand continuous high-angular-velocity impact experiments on animals, thereby inducing a diffuse brain injury model in animals. This device aims to revolutionize the understanding of the injury mechanism, injury tolerance / threshold, and injury protection mechanisms of diffuse brain injury. The BrIC brain injury tolerance standard based on angular velocity implies that rotational angular velocity can predict the risk of brain injury. However, current technologies all involve instantaneous, single high-acceleration impacts. Under high-acceleration impacts, high-speed displacement easily occurs between the head and the experimental device, and between the head and the cervical spine, potentially leading to additional effects such as traumatic brain injury and whiplash injury, thus failing to accurately simulate a diffuse brain injury model. This device simulates a diffuse brain injury model through continuous high-angular-velocity rotation at a maximum speed of 400-6000 rpm for 1-10 minutes. Brain injuries induced at this speed are all caused by rotation, without external impact, thus filling a research gap in diffuse brain injury research. Based on the experimental setup of this application, whether brain tissue can withstand pressure gradients at different locations under continuous rotational angular velocity, and the relationship between rotational angular velocity impact load and impact duration, can all be worthy of exploration in the study of brain injury mechanisms.

[0019] In this application, during the diffusion-induced brain injury experiment, the animal's head is preferably fixed at the center of rotation of the platform. The platform is then started to conduct the experiment according to an initial phase, a steady phase, and a final phase. In the initial phase, the rotational angular velocity of the platform linearly increases from 0 to its maximum. In the steady phase, the platform maintains its maximum rotational angular velocity. In the final phase, the maximum rotational angular velocity linearly decreases to 0. The impact in this application forms a trapezoidal wave. The angular acceleration in the initial and final phases does not reach the brain injury threshold, and the time difference between the initial and final phases and the steady phase is only 0.04-0.5 s. Therefore, the initial acceleration phase and the final phase of the trapezoidal wave in this application do not cause brain injury; brain injury is only affected by the high rotational angular velocity and duration of the steady phase.

[0020] The experimental device for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model described in this application, compared with the prior art in which the head rotates around the cervical spine with the cervical spine at the center of rotation, theoretically subjecting the head to a mixture of linear and rotational motion, allows the animal's head to be placed at the center of rotation, enabling the head to bear pure rotational motion and completely eliminating the influence of linear motion. It is an ideal device for studying rotation-induced diffuse brain injury.

[0021] When using the experimental device for inducing an animal model of diffuse brain injury as described in this application, the animal's head and body rotate synchronously. Compared with the existing technology where the head rotates around the cervical spine at a fixed angle, this avoids the risk of neck injury caused by hyperextension of the neck and solves the problem of limited range of motion inherent in the anatomical structure of the animal's head and neck, filling the research gap on the effects of continuous rotation on diffuse brain injury.

[0022] The experimental device for inducing an animal model of diffuse brain injury described in this application uses a non-contact rotating impact method, which eliminates contact impact and other pathological effects caused by craniotomy trauma.

[0023] The experimental apparatus for inducing an animal model of diffuse brain injury described in this application preferably uses a supine position to fix the animal, allowing the animal's head to rotate in the coronal plane. Alternatively, a lateral position allows the animal's head to rotate in the sagittal plane. Furthermore, the shape of the upper cover can be adjusted to change the animal's fixed position to a sitting / standing posture, with the animal's head rotating in the horizontal plane. Compared to a single fixed position in existing technologies, the experimental apparatus of this application can integrate three rotational positions, addressing the research controversy surrounding the threshold of diffuse brain injury under different rotational planes.

[0024] The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model described in this application is automatically controlled by a main control software system and is easy to operate.

[0025] To make the experimental apparatus and method for inducing diffuse brain injury animal models of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0026] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse axonal injury animal model as described in this invention.

[0027] like Figure 2 The image shown is a front view of the experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse axonal injury animal model as described in this invention.

[0028] like Figure 3 The diagram shows the connection between the experimental device base system and the electric frequency motor drive system of the animal model of diffuse axonal injury described in this invention.

[0029] like Figure 4 The diagram shows the connection of the electric frequency motor drive system and the transmission shaft of the experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse axonal injury animal model according to the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 5 The diagram shows the connection between the drive shaft and the animal platform system of the experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse axonal injury animal model according to the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the transmission shaft of the experimental device for inducing a diffuse axonal injury animal model according to the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 7The diagram shows a schematic of the animal platform system of the experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse axonal injury animal model according to the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 8 The diagram shows the connection of the animal platform system and the dynamic-static balance adjustment system of the experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse axonal injury animal model according to the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 9 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the foundation embedded component of the experimental device for inducing a diffuse axonal injury animal model according to the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 10 The diagram shown is a ground connection schematic of the safety protection system of the experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse axonal injury animal model as described in this invention.

[0036] The attached diagram is labeled as follows:

[0037] 1-Base; 101-Upper base; 102-Intermediate motor connecting plate; 103-Lower base; 104-First screw; 105-Second screw; 106-First pin; 107-Lower base plate; 2-Electric frequency motor device; 201-Motor flange; 202-Motor rotor; 203-Convex square head; 204-Second pin; 205-Third screw; 3-Drive shaft; 301-Lower end coupling block recessed square hole of drive shaft; 302-Upper end flange of drive shaft; 303-Third pin; 304-Fourth screw; 4-Animal platform system; 401-Circular platform; 402-Animal experimental base plate; 403-Upper cover plate; 404-Fifth screw; 5-Dynamic and static balance adjustment system; 501-Slide rail; 502-Slider; 503-Sixth screw; 504-Fourth pin; 6-Foundation embedded parts; 601-Column; 7-Safety protection system; 701-Shim; 702-Fifth pin; 8-Ground reinforced concrete. Detailed Implementation

[0038] This embodiment proposes an experimental device that can induce an animal model of diffuse brain injury, which can be used to study the injury mechanism, injury tolerance / threshold, and injury protection of diffuse brain injury caused by rotational acceleration load impact.

[0039] The cross-sectional view and overall schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model in this embodiment are shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a base 1, an electric frequency motor device 2, a transmission shaft 3, an animal platform system 4, a dynamic and static balance adjustment system 5, foundation embedded parts 6, and a safety protection system 7.

[0040] The base 1 includes an upper base 101 and a lower base 103, which are fixed as a single unit. The lower base 103 is fixedly mounted on a lower base plate 107. An intermediate motor connecting plate 102 is provided between the upper base 101 and the lower base 103, and the electric frequency motor is fixedly mounted on the intermediate motor connecting plate 102. In this embodiment, the upper base 101 and the lower base 103 are made of integral cast iron, and the intermediate motor connecting plate 103 is made of medium carbon structural steel. Figure 3 The diagram shows the connection between base 1 and electric frequency motor device 2. The intermediate motor connecting plate 102 is connected to the upper base 101 and lower base 103 using 18 high-strength first screws 104 (M16 screws). The intermediate motor connecting plate 102 is connected to the motor flange 201 using 8 high-strength second screws 105 and 4 high-strength shear-resistant first pins 106 (M16 screws and M16 pins). In this embodiment, the electric frequency motor device is designed with a large capacitor for energy storage, capable of instantly supplying the motor with high-frequency, high-voltage, and high-current electrical energy. This generates a massive instantaneous electromagnetic energy between the motor stator and rotor, which is converted into high-energy mechanical energy, driving the rotary table to rotate at high acceleration. During braking, the massive mechanical energy reverses and drives the motor rotor to rotate, generating a massive induced current in the stator coils. To instantly dissipate this energy, a resistor box is designed to absorb the energy and complete the braking process. The maximum performance of the motor drive is: accelerating to a maximum angular velocity of 6000 rpm in 0.5 seconds and decelerating from the maximum angular velocity of 6000 rpm to 0 in 0.5 seconds, with an angular acceleration of ±1000 rad / s². 2 It can rotate continuously at a maximum speed of 6000 rpm for 10 minutes. The experimental setup is equipped with a control system, which drives the electric frequency motor to execute the operating condition commands and rotate the circular stage 401 according to the set rotational operating condition parameters, including rotational acceleration, maximum rotational angular velocity, acceleration / deceleration duration, and the time to maintain the maximum rotational angular velocity. The control system collects real-time operating condition data of the motor through a motor sampling encoder; it is also equipped with a storage device to store the collected operating condition data.

[0041] The animal platform system 4 includes a circular platform 401, an animal experimental base plate 402, and an upper cover plate 403. The circular platform is located directly above the base. The motor device is connected to the center of the platform via a drive shaft 3. The circular platform 401 is arranged horizontally, and its central axis is coaxial with the central axis of the drive shaft. A coupling block is provided at the lower end of the drive shaft 3, and this coupling block is fixedly connected to the square head at the upper end of the electric frequency motor rotor. The upper end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the circular platform via a flange. The drive shaft 3 is manufactured entirely using a 40Cr heat treatment process. Figure 4 As shown, the upper end of the electric frequency motor rotor has a protruding square head 203 with dimensions of 51mm × 51mm. The coupling block at the lower end of the drive shaft is provided with a concave square hole 301 of 51mm × 51mm. The square head 203 is connected to the square hole 301 and is connected with four second pins 204 and four third screws 205. Figure 5 The diagram shown illustrates the connection between the drive shaft 3 and the animal platform system 4. Figure 6 The diagram shows the drive shaft 3. The circular platform 401 is connected to the upper flange 302 of the drive shaft by eight fourth screws 304 and four third pins 303. The second pins are M10 pins, the third screws are M10 screws, the fourth screws are M16 screws, and the third pins are M12 pins. The entire animal platform system 4 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy.

[0042] An animal experiment base plate 402 is installed above the circular platform 401. The animal experiment base plate 402 is a rectangular plate with 60 circular holes (50mm in diameter) forming a perforated structure. A top cover plate 403 is installed on the animal experiment base plate, and the top cover plate 403 has multiple rectangular windows forming a perforated structure. An animal restraint device is provided in conjunction with the animal experiment base plate to secure the animal's head to the base plate. In this embodiment, the animal restraint device includes fasteners installed on the animal experiment base plate 402 and a safety belt. The fasteners connect the safety belt, which passes through the circular holes in the animal experiment base plate 402, securing the animal to the base plate 402. This embodiment provides sufficient space for the safety belt to pass through the base plate, facilitating the restraint of the animal at any position. Figure 7The diagram shows a method for fixing animals using the animal platform system 4. The upper cover 403 can be opened, allowing it to be removed entirely from the base plate to place the animal. The upper cover 403 is connected and fixed to the animal experimental base plate 402 by multiple fifth screws 404, which are M8 screws. In this embodiment, the animal experimental base plate 402 is fixedly mounted on the circular platform 401, with the central axis of the animal experimental base plate 402 coinciding with the central axis of the circular platform 401. As an alternative embodiment, a track can be provided on the upper surface of the circular platform 401, and the animal experimental base plate can be mounted on the track. Preferably, the centerline of the track passes through the central axis of the circular platform 401. The animal experimental base plate, mounted on the track, can move back and forth along the track in the horizontal direction, thereby allowing the position of the animal's head to be adjusted left and right in the horizontal direction. This embodiment makes operation more convenient if it is necessary to fix the animal's head at the center of rotation during the experiment. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper cover plate 403 is arched, thus forming a cavity between the upper cover plate 403 and the animal experimental base plate 402 to accommodate the animal. In this embodiment, the upper cover plate 403 is generally a flat, rectangular, open-ended semi-cylinder shape, meaning the axis of the semi-cylinder extends along the upper surface of the animal experimental base plate, forming a cavity extending horizontally. This design is more suitable for experiments with animals in a supine / side-lying position. However, as an alternative embodiment, the upper cover plate 403 can be set to any shape to accommodate different animal postures. For example, setting the upper cover plate 403 to a cylindrical shape with an open bottom and an axial extension in the vertical direction is more suitable for animals in a sitting / standing position. In this case, the central axis of the cylindrical upper cover plate 403 is preferably coaxial with the circular platform 401, so that the head of the sitting / standing animal is located on the rotation axis. This embodiment, including supine, side-lying, and sitting / standing positions, can meet the research needs of brain tissue rotating around different rotation axes. In this embodiment, the rectangular window on the upper cover plate 403, besides serving to reduce weight and facilitate observation, can also be used for animal restraint. During experiments, animal restraint devices such as straps passing through the rectangular window can be used to secure the animal to the upper cover plate 403. The dynamic and static balance adjustment system includes a slide rail mounted on the platform / animal experimental base plate, and a counterweight is installed on the slide rail. A schematic diagram of the connection between the animal platform system 4 and the dynamic and static balance adjustment system 5 in this embodiment is shown below. Figure 8As shown, the slide rail 501 is fixedly installed on the circular platform 401 and the animal experimental base plate 402, and connected by a sixth screw 503, which is an M9 screw. Multiple detachable and movable counterweights 502 are provided, which can be added, removed, or moved as needed during counterweighting. After adjustment, the counterweights 502 are fixed to the slide rail 501 with a fourth pin 504, which is an M9 pin. This application is equipped with a single / double-sided field balancing instrument. After the animal is fixed on the platform, the single / double-sided field balancing instrument is used to measure the counterweight requirements of the original platform, and the position and size of the counterweights are adjusted until the single / double-sided field balancing instrument calculates balance. This application has a main control software operating system. Through integrated balancing design on the whole machine, there is no need for a dynamic balancing machine or static balancing system. An advanced computer measurement system is used, the software calculates the counterweight requirements, and the balance measurement results are visualized, eliminating the need for manual calculation.

[0043] The foundation embedded parts are pre-embedded underground before concrete is poured. The embedded parts are embedded in the concrete structure, providing a strong connection point. They can be used as load-bearing components to support the experimental device structure that can induce diffuse brain injury in animal models, and also serve as shock absorbers during motor rotation. Figure 9 The diagram shows the structure of the foundation embedded part 6, which is fixedly connected to the lower base plate 107 by eight 30mm diameter circular columns 601.

[0044] The safety protection system includes an armor plating and a sheet metal outer shell. The internal armor plating is composed of steel plates, polyurethane plates, steel plates, polyurethane plates, and steel plates in sequence, while the external sheet metal outer shell is used to block potentially high-speed flying components. The safety protection system is preferably installed on the ground. Figure 10 The diagram shows the ground connection of the safety protection system 7. The four corners of the safety protection system are connected to the ground reinforced concrete 8 by inserting the fifth pin 702 through four washers 701. The fifth pin is an M17 pin.

[0045] The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model described in this application is also equipped with an electrical control system. Preferably, the electrical control system is an industrial PLC control system to achieve automatic control and protection of the electrical equipment and circuits. As a preferred embodiment, a camera is installed above the rotating platform for real-time monitoring of the animal's condition.

[0046] The working process of the experimental device for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model in this embodiment includes: (1) first fixing the animal on the animal platform system, using a safety belt to fix the animal's head to the center of the animal experimental base plate as an optional implementation method, or fixing the animal's head on the animal experimental base plate according to experimental requirements; (2) moving the counterweight to adjust the balance, using a field balancer to assess the imbalance of the animal platform to calculate the counterweight requirement, and readjusting the mass distribution of the rotor by adjusting the position and size of the counterweight until the system shows balance; (3) inputting the working conditions, including rotational acceleration, maximum rotational angular velocity, acceleration / deceleration duration, and the time to maintain the maximum rotational angular velocity. The electric frequency motor drive system executes the working condition command to drive the animal platform system to rotate. According to the parameter settings, the system maintains the set angular acceleration to start, up to the duration of the maximum angular velocity, and then stops rotating instantaneously. During the experiment, the equipment automatically activates the electrical control system to ensure normal operation of the rotation. Simultaneously, the electrical control system performs self-checks and protection, including short-circuit protection, overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, and overheat protection. In case of a malfunction, the equipment automatically issues an alarm and stops immediately. The control system monitors / stores operational data in real time, and the built-in camera on the rotating platform monitors the animal's condition in real time to complete the experiment. The method for conducting a diffuse brain injury experiment using the experimental device described in this application is as follows: During the experiment, the animal is first fixed to the animal experimental base plate of the experimental device, and the stage is started for continuous rotation. In a preferred embodiment, during the diffuse brain injury experiment, the animal's head is fixed at the rotation center of the platform, and the platform is started to rotate continuously as follows: In the initial stage, the rotational angular velocity of the platform linearly increases from 0 to a maximum rotational angular velocity of 400-6000 rpm, and the initial stage time is 0.04-0.5 s; after the rotational angular velocity of the platform reaches the maximum rotational angular velocity, it is maintained at the maximum rotational angular velocity for 1-10 minutes before entering the final stage, in which the maximum rotational angular velocity of the platform linearly decreases to 0, and the final stage time is 0.04-0.5 s; within the maximum rotational acceleration performance of the electric frequency motor, the rotational acceleration, maximum rotational angular velocity, acceleration / deceleration duration, and the time of maintaining the maximum rotational angular velocity can be arbitrarily adjusted by controlling the rotational operating parameters set by the control system, so as to group the experimental animals with different impact loads and different impact times.

[0047] The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model in this embodiment is suitable for various animal experiments, such as rhesus monkeys, miniature pigs, dogs, sheep, monkeys, and mice.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for inducing an animal model of diffuse brain injury, characterized in that, include: A base on which an electric frequency motor is mounted; A platform is located directly above the base. The electric frequency motor is connected to the center of the platform via a drive shaft. An animal experiment base plate is installed above the platform, and an upper cover plate is installed on the animal experiment base plate. An animal fixing device is provided in conjunction with the animal experiment base plate. A dynamic and static balance adjustment system includes a slide rail installed on the platform and / or animal experimental base plate, and a counterweight is installed on the slide rail; During the experiment, the animal is first fixed on the animal experimental base plate of the experimental device, and the stage is started to rotate continuously. The animal is fixed in a supine, lateral, or sitting / standing position, and the animal's head is rotated in the coronal, sagittal, and horizontal planes, respectively. During the experiment, the animal's head was fixed at the center of rotation of the platform, and the platform was started to rotate continuously as follows: In the initial stage, the rotational angular velocity of the platform increased linearly from 0 to the maximum rotational angular velocity, which was 400-6000 rpm, and the initial stage lasted for 0.04-0.5 s; after the platform reached the maximum rotational angular velocity, it was maintained at the maximum rotational angular velocity for several minutes before entering the final stage, in which the rotational angular velocity of the platform decreased linearly from the maximum rotational angular velocity to 0, and the final stage lasted for 0.04-0.5 s; during the experiment, the rotational operating parameters set by the control system were adjusted to regulate the angular acceleration, the maximum rotational angular velocity, and the time to maintain the maximum rotational angular velocity, so as to conduct grouped experiments on the experimental animals with different impact loads and different impact times.

2. The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base includes an upper base and a lower base, which are fixed as a single unit. An intermediate motor connecting plate is provided between the upper base and the lower base, and the electric frequency motor device is fixedly mounted on the intermediate motor connecting plate.

3. The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electric frequency motor device can achieve an angular acceleration of up to 1000 rad / s during acceleration. 2 The angular acceleration during deceleration can reach -1000 rad / s². 2 It can maintain stable rotation at the highest rotational angular velocity.

4. The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control system drives the electric frequency motor to execute operating commands according to the set rotation operating parameters, thereby rotating the platform; the control system collects the real-time operating information of the motor through the motor sampling encoder.

5. The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model according to claim 4, characterized in that, The design includes detachable and movable counterweights; it is also equipped with a single- or double-sided field balancer. After the animal is secured on the platform, the single- or double-sided field balancer is used to measure the counterweight requirements of the platform. If the measurement shows that the platform is unbalanced, the position and size of the counterweights are adjusted until the single- or double-sided field balancer calculates that the platform is balanced.

6. The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model according to claim 5, characterized in that, The platform is a circular platform, the base plate is a rectangular base plate, and the platform, animal experiment base plate and top cover plate are made of high-strength aluminum alloy. The animal experiment base plate has a hollow structure.

7. The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a safety protection system, which includes a sheet metal shell and an armor assembly located on the inner surface of the sheet metal shell; the armor assembly is composed of a multi-layer plate structure, including steel plate, polyurethane plate, steel plate, polyurethane plate and steel plate arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.

8. The experimental apparatus for inducing a diffuse brain injury animal model according to any one of claims 1-7 is used for conducting experiments on animal rotational impact brain injury.

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