A culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei containing selenium-rich amino acids and β-glucan, Agaricus blazei, and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acids and β-glucan, Agaricus blazei Murr., and its preparation method and application. The raw materials for preparing the culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acids and β-glucan include the following components in parts by mass: Cardamine violifolia 4 - 12 parts; β-glucan 2 - 8 parts; corncob 6 - 14 parts; corn straw 15 - 25 parts; reed 12 - 18 parts; bamboo chips 12 - 18 parts; cow dung 15 - 25 parts; sheep dung or rapeseed cake 12 - 18 parts; rice bran 2 - 10 parts; lime 0.5 - 5 parts; superphosphate 0.5 - 5 parts. The selenium amino acid content in the fruiting bodies of Agaricus blazei Murr. cultivated with this culture medium is as high as 160 - 214 mg / kg, and the organic selenium content is higher than 90%. The active ingredient complex extracted from this Agaricus blazei Murr. contains rich nutrients such as selenium amino acids, selenocysteine, selenomethionine, selenoprotein, β-glucan, various vitamins, and trace elements.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and in particular to a culture medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid beta glucan, Agaricus blazei Murrill, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Domestic Agaricus blazei was introduced for research in 1990. The initial cultivation method was to use Japanese cultivation technology and techniques, and to use chemical fertilizers (compound fertilizers such as urea) and culture media to mix and ferment the culture media to cultivate Agaricus blazei. This production method is called inorganic cultivation of Agaricus blazei. The selenium content in the Agaricus blazei fruiting bodies produced in selenium-rich soil in nature is 3-5 mg / kg.

[0003] The existing technology for producing Agaricus blazei products is limited by the selenium-rich regions. Regions without selenium-containing soil cannot produce Agaricus blazei products with high selenium content, and it is even more difficult to obtain special elements such as selenoamino acids and beta-glucan. According to statistics from relevant authoritative institutions in China, 72% of the soil in China is selenium-deficient. Therefore, the use of selenium-rich ecological environment to cultivate Agaricus blazei products can no longer meet the requirements. In addition, it is difficult to expand this industry on a large scale due to the influence of the ecological environment.

[0004] Some studies have used culture media containing sodium selenite preparations to culture Agaricus blazei, and the selenium content in the obtained Agaricus blazei has increased. However, most of the selenium in the cultured Agaricus blazei exists in the form of inorganic selenium, and the content of organic selenium is very small. Inorganic selenium has a very poor absorption rate in the human body and has great side effects, so it cannot be used for selenium supplementation in the human body. There are also culture media with other selenium-containing raw materials, but the proportion of organic selenium in the cultured Agaricus blazei is still relatively low. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a culture medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenoamino acid β-glucan, Agaricus blazei Murrill, and a preparation method and application thereof. The Agaricus blazei Murrill cultivated with the culture medium contains extremely high content of selenoamino acid and β-glucan, wherein the content of organic selenium is greater than 90%. The active ingredient complex extracted from the Agaricus blazei Murrill contains rich nutrients such as selenoamino acid, selenocystine, selenomethionine, selenoprotein, β-glucan, various vitamins, trace elements, etc.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a culture medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenoamino acid β-glucan, wherein the raw materials for preparing the culture medium include the following components in parts by weight:

[0007] 4-12 parts of Cardamine violacea; 2-8 parts of β-glucan; 6-14 parts of corn cobs; 15-25 parts of corn stalks; 12-18 parts of reeds; 12-18 parts of bamboo chips; 15-25 parts of cow dung; 12-18 parts of sheep dung or rapeseed cake; 2-10 parts of rice bran; 0.5-5 parts of lime; 0.5-5 parts of superphosphate.

[0008] Preferably, the raw materials for its preparation include the following components in parts by mass:

[0009] Cardamine violifolia 7 - 9 parts; β-glucan 4 - 6 parts; corncob 9 - 11 parts; corn straw 18 - 22 parts; reed 14 - 16.5 parts; bamboo chips 14 - 16.5 parts; cow dung 18 - 22 parts; sheep dung or rapeseed cake 14 - 16.5 parts; rice bran 4 - 6 parts; lime 1 - 3 parts; superphosphate 1 - 3 parts.

[0010] Preferably, the raw materials for its preparation include the following components in parts by mass:

[0011] Cardamine violifolia 8 parts; β-glucan 5 parts; corncob 10 parts; corn straw 20 parts; reed 15 parts; bamboo chips 15 parts; cow dung 20 parts; sheep dung or rapeseed cake 15 parts; rice bran 5 parts; lime 2 parts; superphosphate 2 parts.

[0012] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan, including:

[0013] Mix Cardamine violifolia, β-glucan, corncob, corn straw, reed, bamboo chips, cow dung, sheep dung or rapeseed cake, rice bran, lime and superphosphate; through pre-wetting stacking, primary fermentation, secondary fermentation, and tertiary fermentation, obtain the medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature of the pre-wetting stacking is 60 - 70 °C, and the time is 15 - 20 days; the temperature of the primary fermentation is 60 - 70 °C, and the time is 5 - 7 days;

[0015] The temperature of the secondary fermentation is 60 - 65 °C, and the time is 4 - 5 days; the temperature of the tertiary fermentation is 60 - 65 °C, and the time is 2 - 3 days.

[0016] The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for culturing Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan, including:

[0017] Inoculate Agaricus blazei Murr. spores in the medium, through primary mycelium culture, soil covering maintenance, and secondary mycelium culture, obtain the Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan;

[0018] The medium is the above-mentioned medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan or the medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0019] Preferably, the inoculation amount of Agaricus blazei Murr. spores is 500 - 800 g / ㎡;

[0020] The temperature for the first-stage mycelium cultivation is 20 - 25°C; the time is 15 - 20 days; the humidity of the culture medium is 45 - 55%; the air humidity is 65 - 70%;

[0021] The time for the second-stage mycelium cultivation is 15 days, and the temperature is 20 - 25°C; the humidity of the culture medium is 45 - 55%; the air humidity is 65 - 70%;

[0022] The time for soil covering and curing is 15 days, and the temperature is 20 - 25°C; the thickness of the soil covering is 3 cm.

[0023] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a selenium-rich amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei obtained by using the above cultivation method.

[0024] The fifth aspect of the present invention provides a selenium amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei active complex, which is obtained by extracting from the above selenium-rich amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei.

[0025] The sixth aspect of the present invention provides an application of the above selenium-rich amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei or the above selenium amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei active complex in the preparation of health products.

[0026] The culture medium for cultivating selenium-rich amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei of the present invention utilizes the growth characteristics of Agaricus blazei and scientifically formulates more suitable nutrients for the human body. Through biotechnology such as biological fermentation and mycelium nutrient absorption and storage, all nutrients are organically transformed and transported into the fruiting bodies of Agaricus blazei. In the fruiting bodies of Agaricus blazei cultivated by the present invention, the content of selenium amino acid series is as high as 160 - 210 mg / kg, the organic selenium accounts for the total selenium content: ≥90%; the β-glucan content: 13 - 20.0 g / 100 g; the selenocysteine content: 900 - 1700 μg / kg; the selenomethionine content: 2000 - 2400 μg / kg; the selenium protein content: 11000 - 16000 ng / g; the protein content: 34 - 40%. The Agaricus blazei cultivated by the culture medium of the present invention further upgrades the nutrition of Agaricus blazei, making it have special nutrient elements such as high content of selenium amino acids and β-glucan. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a photo of the germination site;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a photo of the finished product site;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a fruiting result diagram of the Agaricus blazei of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The present invention provides a culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acids and β-glucan, Agaricus blazei Murr., and its preparation method and application. Those skilled in the art can draw on the content of this article and appropriately modify the process parameters to achieve it. It should be particularly noted that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art, and they all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The methods and applications of the present invention have been described through preferred embodiments, and relevant personnel can obviously make changes or appropriate modifications and combinations to the methods and applications in this article without departing from the content, spirit, and scope of the present invention to implement and apply the technology of the present invention.

[0031] In the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acids and β-glucan is provided, and the preparation raw materials thereof include the following components in parts by mass:

[0032] Cardamine violifolia 4 - 12 parts; β-glucan 2 - 8 parts; corncob 6 - 14 parts; corn straw 15 - 25 parts; reed 12 - 18 parts; bamboo chips 12 - 18 parts; cow dung 15 - 25 parts; sheep dung or rapeseed cake 12 - 18 parts; rice bran 2 - 10 parts; lime 0.5 - 5 parts; superphosphate 0.5 - 5 parts.

[0033] In the culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acids and β-glucan in the embodiment of the present invention, Cardamine violifolia and β-glucan are added. Among them, Cardamine violifolia belongs to the plant family of high selenium-enriched plants in nature, and the content of its selenium amino acids can reach 1500 - 3000 mg / kg. Agaricus blazei Murr. also belongs to the fungal family that is easy to enrich selenium elements. The raw materials of the Cardamine violifolia plant family and the Agaricus blazei Murr. culture medium are homologous. This study found that when cultivating Agaricus blazei Murr. with Cardamine violifolia with high content of organic selenium added to the culture medium of Agaricus blazei Murr., selenocysteine, selenomethionine, selenoprotein, etc. in Cardamine violifolia can be fully absorbed by Agaricus blazei Murr. and converted, so as to produce Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acids. Moreover, the selenium-containing compounds in Cardamine violifolia can be converted into organic selenium by Agaricus blazei Murr. Among the selenium contained in the produced Agaricus blazei Murr., the content of organic selenium can reach more than 90%. This study found that when converting solid oat β-glucan into liquid and adding it to the Agaricus blazei Murr. culture medium to cultivate Agaricus blazei Murr., β-glucan can be fully absorbed by Agaricus blazei Murr., so that the β-glucan content in the fruiting body of Agaricus blazei Murr. can be increased from 1% - 6% to 17% - 20%, that is, increased by 3 - 10 times. The Agaricus blazei Murr. cultivated with the culture medium in the embodiment of the present invention further upgrades the nutrition of Agaricus blazei Murr., making it have special nutrient elements such as high content of selenium amino acids and β-glucan. The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murr. rich in selenium amino acids and β-glucan in the embodiment of the present invention is scientifically formulated with nutrient elements more suitable for the human body. Using this culture medium, through biotechnologies such as plant fermentation, mycelium nutrient storage, and fruiting body absorption, all nutrients can be organically converted and transported into the fruiting body of Agaricus blazei Murr., and the content of selenium amino acid series in the obtained fruiting body of Agaricus blazei Murr. is as high as 170 - 210 mg / kg.

[0034] In some embodiments, the preparation raw materials include the following components in parts by mass:

[0035] Cardamine violifolia 7 - 9 parts; β-glucan 4 - 6 parts; corncob 9 - 11 parts; corn straw 18 - 22 parts; reed 14 - 16.5 parts; bamboo chips 14 - 16.5 parts; cow dung 18 - 22 parts; sheep dung or rapeseed cake 14 - 16.5 parts; rice bran 4 - 6 parts; lime 1 - 3 parts; superphosphate 1 - 3 parts.

[0036] If the amounts of Cardamine violifolia and β-glucan in the culture medium are too small, the selenium content in the cultivated Agaricus blazei murrill will not reach the required value, while increasing the amounts will significantly increase the cost of the culture medium. Through a large number of experimental attempts, it is found that when the above-mentioned mass ratio is used, the cultivated Agaricus blazei murrill can have the lowest cost while meeting the requirements for selenium content and the proportion of organic selenium.

[0037] In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation raw materials include the following components in parts by mass:

[0038] Cardamine violifolia 8 parts; β-glucan 5 parts; corncob 10 parts; corn straw 20 parts; reed 15 parts; bamboo chips 15 parts; cow dung 20 parts; sheep dung or rapeseed cake 15 parts; rice bran 5 parts; lime 2 parts; superphosphate 2 parts.

[0039] Preferably, the reed is wild reed.

[0040] Preferably, the particle size of the bamboo chips is 0.05 - 1.0 cm.

[0041] The present invention does not limit the sources of the above components, and they can be commercially available.

[0042] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a preparation method for the above-mentioned culture medium for cultivating selenium-rich amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei murrill, including:

[0043] Mix Cardamine violifolia, β-glucan, corncob, corn straw, reed, bamboo chips, cow dung, sheep dung or rapeseed cake, rice bran, lime and superphosphate, and perform pre-wetting stacking, primary fermentation, secondary fermentation, and tertiary fermentation to obtain the culture medium for cultivating selenium-rich amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei murrill.

[0044] The selection and ratio of the raw materials in the present invention have been clearly described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0045] The present invention first mixes Cardamine violifolia, β-glucan, corncob, corn straw, reed, bamboo chips, cow dung, sheep dung (or rapeseed cake), rice bran, lime and superphosphate, and performs pre-wetting stacking.

[0046] The temperature of the pre-wetting and stacking in the present invention is 60-70°C, and the time is 15-20 days;

[0047] After pre-wetting and stacking, primary fermentation is carried out; the temperature of the primary fermentation is 60-70°C, and the time is 5-7 days;

[0048] After primary fermentation, secondary fermentation is carried out; the temperature of the secondary fermentation is 55-65°C; the time is 4-5 days;

[0049] After secondary fermentation, it is placed on the culture rack, and then tertiary fermentation is carried out;

[0050] The temperature of the tertiary fermentation is 55-65°C; the time is 2-3 days;

[0051] After tertiary fermentation, the culture medium is ventilated to cool down to 25°C.

[0052] The third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan, including:

[0053] Inoculating Agaricus blazei Murrill spores in the culture medium, and through primary mycelium culture, soil covering and maintenance, and secondary mycelium culture, the Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan is obtained;

[0054] The culture medium is the above-mentioned culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan or the culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0055] The cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan provided by the embodiment of the present invention first inoculates spores in the above-mentioned culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan.

[0056] The source of the spore primary strain in the embodiment of the present invention is the Institute of Edible Fungi, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0057] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inoculation amount of wheat grain strain is 500-800 g / m².

[0058] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the primary mycelium culture is 20-25°C, the time is 15-20 days, the humidity of the culture medium is 50-55%, and the air humidity is 60-70%.

[0059] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the time of the secondary mycelium culture is 15 days, the temperature is 20-25°C, the humidity of the culture medium is 50-55%, and the air humidity is 60-70%.

[0060] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil covering and curing is carried out for 15 - 20 days at a temperature of 20 - 25 °C, and the thickness of the soil covering is 3 cm. The specific operation of the soil covering in the present invention is not limited and is well known and mastered by those skilled in the art. The Agaricus blazei Murill production mushroom shed of the present invention is 400 m² per shed, with 8 - 10 racks inside, the width is 1 - 1.2 m, and the number of layers is 5 - 6 layers.

[0061] The fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides an Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium - amino acid β - glucan obtained by using the above - mentioned cultivation method.

[0062] In the fruiting body of Agaricus blazei Murill cultivated by this method, the content of selenium - amino acid series is as high as 160 - 210 mg / kg, the organic selenium accounts for the total selenium content: ≥90%; the β - glucan content: 13 - 20.0 g / 100 g; the selenocysteine content: 900 - 1700 μg / kg; the selenomethionine content: 2000 - 2400 μg / kg; the selenium - protein content: 11000 - 16000 ng / g; the protein content: 34 - 40%.

[0063] The fifth aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a selenium - amino acid β - glucan Agaricus blazei Murill active complex, which is obtained by extracting the above - mentioned Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium - amino acid β - glucan.

[0064] The sixth aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides an application of the above - mentioned Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium - amino acid β - glucan or the above - mentioned selenium - amino acid β - glucan Agaricus blazei Murill active complex in the preparation of health products.

[0065] The selenium - amino acid β - glucan Agaricus blazei Murill active complex of the embodiment of the present invention is rich in organic selenium, selenium - amino acids, β - glucans, and selenium - proteins, and these nutrients are the most important and essential elements for the human body. This selenium - amino acid β - glucan active substance is also suitable for the nutritional regulation of sub - healthy people, such as the adjuvant and nutritional supplement for chronic diseases. Such selenium - amino acid β - glucan products have a wide range of applications and can meet the special nutritional supplement needs of the human body.

[0066] The present invention upgrades an ordinary Agaricus blazei Murill to a new type of food homologous to medicine and food with higher nutritional value. The human body can consume the Agaricus blazei Murill product containing selenium amino acid β-glucan in different ways (both the fresh mushrooms and the dried mushrooms after baking of this product can be eaten), and supplement selenium amino acid β-glucan; or obtain the selenium amino acid β-glucan nutrient complex in Agaricus blazei Murill through different preparation methods to provide the most precious nutrient elements to the human body. The Agaricus blazei Murill containing selenium amino acid β-glucan not only provides the nutrients of organic selenium amino acids, selenocysteine, selenomethionine, selenium protein, β-glucan, etc., but also is rich in vitamins and trace elements, etc. These special nutrient complexes bring physiological nutritional balance, physical health and enhanced vitality to the human body; for disease patients or patients before and after surgery, they can supplement the special nutrient components they need in their lives to help the patients recover earlier; for chronic disease patients, they can also obtain the nutritional conditioning of food homologous to medicine from it. Therefore, according to the mechanism of food homologous to medicine, the present invention is further used to develop and research the treatment and prevention of human diseases, and more and better food homologous to medicine products are developed with more effective food homologous to medicine materials to meet the new health needs of mankind.

[0067] The culture medium produced by using the present invention can be used to grow organic selenium-containing vegetables, fruits, tea products, etc. from the waste materials after cultivating Agaricus blazei Murill, and develop into a circular organic selenium industrial chain.

[0068] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail a selenium amino acid β-glucan culture medium provided by the present invention, its preparation method, the cultivation method of selenium amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei Murill, and the intermediate active ingredients separated from the fruiting bodies of selenium amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei Murill in combination with examples.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example has the following components in parts by mass as raw materials: 8 parts of Cardamine violifolia; 5 parts of β-glucan; 10 parts of corncob; 20 parts of corn straw; 15 parts of reed; 15 parts of bamboo chips; 20 parts of cow dung; 15 parts of sheep dung; 5 parts of rice bran; 2 parts of lime; 2 parts of superphosphate.

[0071] The preparation method of the culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example includes the following steps:

[0072] Mix Cardamine violifolia, β-glucan, corncob, corn straw, reed, bamboo chips, cow dung, sheep dung or rapeseed cake, rice bran, lime and superphosphate according to the above parts by mass; then pre-wet; then carry out mixed stacking fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 65 °C (the height of the piled materials is 1.3 m, the width is 1.8 m, and the length is 15 m); carry out a second fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 65 °C; carry out a secondary fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 65 °C; cool the culture medium to 30 °C; carry out a third fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 65 °C; ventilate and cool the culture medium to 25 °C to obtain a culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei containing selenium-rich amino acids and β-glucan.

[0073] The cultivation method of Agaricus blazei containing selenium-rich amino acids and β-glucan in this example includes the following steps: inoculate Agaricus blazei spores into the culture medium obtained above, and the inoculation amount is 700 g / m 2 , through the first mycelium culture (the temperature of the first mycelium culture is 25 °C, the time is 15 days, the humidity of the culture medium is 50%, and the air humidity is 65%), soil covering and maintenance (the time of soil covering and maintenance is 15 days, the temperature is 25 °C, and the soil covering is 3 cm), the second mycelium culture (the temperature of the second mycelium culture is 25 °C, the time is 15 days, the humidity of the culture medium is 50%, and the air humidity is 65%), fruiting body growth, and mushroom emergence, to obtain Agaricus blazei containing selenium-rich amino acids and β-glucan, and carry out mushroom quality detection and analysis.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei containing selenium-rich amino acids and β-glucan in this example includes the following components in parts by mass: 7 parts of Cardamine violifolia; 6 parts of β-glucan; 9 parts of corncob; 22 parts of corn straw; 14 parts of reed; 16.5 parts of bamboo chips; 18 parts of cow dung; 16.5 parts of sheep dung; 4 parts of rice bran; 3 parts of lime; 1 part of superphosphate.

[0076] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei containing selenium-rich amino acids and β-glucan and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei in this example are the same as those in Example 1.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei containing selenium-rich amino acids and β-glucan in this example includes the following components in parts by mass: 9 parts of Cardamine violifolia; 4 parts of β-glucan; 11 parts of corncob; 18 parts of corn straw; 16.5 parts of reed; 14 parts of bamboo chips; 22 parts of cow dung; 14 parts of sheep dung; 6 parts of rice bran; 1 part of lime; 3 parts of superphosphate.

[0079] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei containing selenium-rich amino acids and β-glucan and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei in this example are the same as those in Example 1.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example has the following components in parts by mass as raw materials: 5 parts of Cardamine violifolia; 7 parts of β-glucan; 7 parts of corncob; 24 parts of corn straw; 12 parts of reed; 17 parts of bamboo chips; 16 parts of cow dung; 18 parts of sheep dung; 3 parts of rice bran; 5 parts of lime; 4 parts of superphosphate.

[0082] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill are the same as those in Example 1.

[0083] Example 5

[0084] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example has the following components in parts by mass as raw materials: 12 parts of Cardamine violifolia; 3 parts of β-glucan; 13 parts of corncob; 16 parts of corn straw; 18 parts of reed; 12 parts of bamboo chips; 25 parts of cow dung; 12 parts of sheep dung; 8 parts of rice bran; 0.5 parts of lime; 5 parts of superphosphate.

[0085] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill are the same as those in Example 1.

[0086] Example 6

[0087] The difference between the culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example and that in Example 1 is that there are 7 parts of Cardamine violifolia, and the other components and parts by mass are the same as those in Example 1.

[0088] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill are the same as those in Example 1.

[0089] Example 7

[0090] The difference between the culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example and that in Example 1 is that there are 9 parts of Cardamine violifolia, and the other components and parts by mass are the same as those in Example 1.

[0091] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill are the same as those in Example 1.

[0092] Example 8

[0093] The difference between the culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example and that in Example 1 is that there are 4 parts of Cardamine violifolia, and the other components and parts by mass are the same as those in Example 1.

[0094] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan in this example and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill are the same as those in Example 1.

[0095] Example 9

[0096] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium - containing amino acids and β - glucan in this example is different from that in Example 1 in that the Cardamine violifolia is 2 parts, and the other components and their mass fractions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0097] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium - containing amino acids and β - glucan and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill in this example are the same as those in Example 1.

[0098] Example 10

[0099] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium - containing amino acids and β - glucan in this example is different from that in Example 1 in that the Cardamine violifolia is 10 parts, and the other components and their mass fractions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0100] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium - containing amino acids and β - glucan and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill in this example are the same as those in Example 1.

[0101] Example 11

[0102] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium - containing amino acids and β - glucan in this example is different from that in Example 1 in that the Cardamine violifolia is 12 parts, and the other components and their mass fractions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0103] The culture medium for cultivating Agaricus blazei Murrill rich in selenium - containing amino acids and β - glucan and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill in this example are the same as those in Example 1.

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] The raw materials for preparing the culture medium in this comparative example include the following components in mass fractions:

[0106] Sodium selenite solution (concentration 2000 mg / kg, dispersed in water) 8 parts; corncob 10 parts; corn straw 20 parts; reed 15 parts; bamboo chips 15 parts; cow dung 20 parts; sheep dung 15 parts; rice bran 5 parts; lime 2 parts; superphosphate 2 parts.

[0107] The preparation method of the culture medium in this comparative example and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murrill are the same as those in Example 1.

[0108] Comparative Example 2

[0109] The raw materials for preparing the culture medium in this comparative example include the following components in mass fractions:

[0110] Sodium selenite solution (concentration 2000 mg / kg, dispersed in water) 8 parts; β - glucan 5 parts; corncob 10 parts; corn straw 20 parts; reed 15 parts; bamboo chips 15 parts; cow dung 20 parts; sheep dung 15 parts; rice bran 5 parts; lime 2 parts; superphosphate 2 parts.

[0111] The preparation method of the culture medium in this comparative example and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murill are the same as those in Example 1.

[0112] Comparative Example 3

[0113] The preparation materials of the culture medium in this comparative example include the following components in parts by mass:

[0114] 8 parts of Enshi selenium ore powder (concentration: 2000 mg / kg, dispersed in water); 10 parts of corncob; 20 parts of corn straw; 15 parts of reed; 15 parts of bamboo chips; 20 parts of cow dung; 15 parts of sheep dung; 5 parts of rice bran; 2 parts of lime; 2 parts of superphosphate.

[0115] The preparation method of the culture medium in this comparative example and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murill are the same as those in Example 1.

[0116] Comparative Example 4

[0117] The preparation materials of the culture medium in this comparative example include the following components in parts by mass:

[0118] 8 parts of Enshi selenium ore powder (concentration: 2000 mg / kg, dispersed in water); 5 parts of β-glucan; 10 parts of corncob; 20 parts of corn straw; 15 parts of reed; 15 parts of bamboo chips; 20 parts of cow dung; 15 parts of sheep dung; 5 parts of rice bran; 2 parts of lime; 2 parts of superphosphate.

[0119] The preparation method of the culture medium in this comparative example and the cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murill are the same as those in Example 1.

[0120] The nutrient contents in the Agaricus blazei obtained in the above-mentioned examples and comparative examples were detected. Table 1 shows the germination rates and finished product rates when Agaricus blazei was cultured in the culture media of each example and comparative example. Table 2 shows the data of the total selenium content, organic selenium, and β-glucan content in the Agaricus blazei obtained in each example and comparative example. Table 3 shows the contents of various nutrient elements in the Agaricus blazei obtained in Example 1. From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the total selenium content in the Agaricus blazei obtained in each example is as high as 160 - 214 mg / kg, and the organic selenium content is greater than 90%. However, the selenium contents in the Agaricus blazei obtained in Comparative Examples 2 and 4 are only 35.5 mg / kg and 40.4 mg / kg respectively, and the organic selenium contents are only 12.5% and 53% respectively. The proportion of inorganic selenium is relatively high, and the absorption rate of inorganic selenium by the human body is extremely poor, and it has great side effects. Therefore, it simply cannot be used as a selenium supplement for the human body. In Comparative Examples 1 and 3, β-glucan was not added, and the β-glucan content in the Agaricus blazei cultured therefrom was relatively low. Among the examples, compared with Examples 4 and 5, Examples 1 - 3 have the preferred ranges of the mass parts of each component in the culture medium. Within this range, the composition of the nutrient components in the culture medium is more in line with the growth requirements of Agaricus blazei, and the germination rate and finished product rate of the cultured Agaricus blazei are higher. Comparing Examples 1, 6 - 11, the other components and their contents are the same, but the content of Cardamine violifolia in the culture medium is different. Among them, in Examples 1, 6, and 7, the content of Cardamine violifolia is appropriate, and the Agaricus blazei has a high germination rate, a high finished product rate, and a relatively high selenium content and organic selenium content in the obtained Agaricus blazei. In Examples 8 and 9, the amount of Cardamine violifolia added to the culture medium is too small, and the selenium content in the obtained Agaricus blazei is insufficient. In Examples 10 and 11, the amount of Cardamine violifolia added to the culture medium is too large. Although the selenium content has increased to some extent, the increase in selenium content is not obvious, but it has caused a significant increase in cost. Moreover, when the amount of Cardamine violifolia added is too large, the germination rate of the cultured Agaricus blazei will decrease significantly.

[0121] Table 1

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] Table 2

[0125]

[0126] Table 3

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method of Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acids and β-glucan, characterized in that, Comprising: Inoculating Agaricus blazei Murill spores in a culture medium, and obtaining the Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan through primary mycelium culture, soil covering maintenance, and secondary mycelium culture; the inoculation amount of Agaricus blazei Murill spores is 500-800 g / m²; The temperature of the primary mycelium culture is 20-25 °C; the time is 15-20 days; the humidity of the culture medium is 45-55%; the air humidity is 65-70%; The time of the secondary mycelium culture is 15 days, and the temperature is 20-25 °C; the humidity of the culture medium is 45-55%; the air humidity is 65-70%; The time of the soil covering maintenance is 15 days, and the temperature is 20-25 °C; the thickness of the soil covering is 3 cm; The culture medium is a culture medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan; its preparation raw materials include the following components in parts by mass: Cardamine violifolia 7-9 parts; β-glucan 4-6 parts; corncob 9-11 parts; corn straw 18-22 parts; reed 14-16.5 parts; bamboo chips 14-16.5 parts; cow dung 18-22 parts; sheep dung or rapeseed cake 14-16.5 parts; rice bran 4-6 parts; lime 1-3 parts; superphosphate 1-3 parts; the β-glucan is a product obtained by converting solid oat β-glucan into liquid; The preparation method of the culture medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan includes: Mixing Cardamine violifolia, β-glucan, corncob, corn straw, reed, bamboo chips, cow dung, sheep dung or rapeseed cake, rice bran, lime and superphosphate; Through pre-wetting stacking, primary fermentation, secondary fermentation, and tertiary fermentation, obtaining the culture medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan.

2. The cultivation method of selenium-rich amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei Murill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation raw materials of the culture medium for culturing Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan include the following components in parts by mass: Cardamine violifolia 8 parts; β-glucan 5 parts; corncob 10 parts; Corn straw 20 parts; Reed 15 parts; bamboo chips 15 parts; cow dung 20 parts; Sheep dung or rapeseed cake 15 parts; rice bran 5 parts; lime 2 parts; superphosphate 2 parts.

3. The cultivation method of selenium-rich amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei Murill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the pre-wetting stacking is 60-70 °C, and the time is 15-20 days; the temperature of the primary fermentation is 60-70 °C, and the time is 5-7 days; the temperature of the secondary fermentation is 60-65 °C, and the time is 4-5 days; the temperature of the tertiary fermentation is 60-65 °C, and the time is 2-3 days.

4. An Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan obtained by using the cultivation method as described in any one of claims 1-3.

5. A selenium amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei Murill active complex, which is extracted from the Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan as described in claim 4.

6. An application of the Agaricus blazei Murill rich in selenium amino acid β-glucan as described in claim 4 or the selenium amino acid β-glucan Agaricus blazei Murill active complex as described in claim 5 in the preparation of health products.

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