Planting substrate formulations, methods of making, applications, tree well structures, and planting methods

Abstract

The application provides a planting medium formula, a preparation method, an application, a tree hole structure and a planting method. The planting medium formula comprises garden soil, carbonized wood and a fungicide. The ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood and the fungicide is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3 in volume. The carbonized wood derived from greenery and forestry waste wood is used to replace the bluestone, which not only realizes the recycling of waste wood, but also avoids overexploitation of natural resources, saves costs and protects the environment. The planting medium formula has suitable porosity and good air and water permeability, creates a good growth environment for tree roots, is beneficial to the development of tree roots, and improves the stability and wind resistance of the tree itself. The application selects three kinds of carbonized wood with different particle sizes, which is considering that the sizes of tree roots are different, and the long-term slow degradation of the carbonized wood can provide a growth space matched with the tree roots. In addition, the carbonized wood with different sizes can form a more stable supporting structure, and the garden soil is not easy to settle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of urban road landscaping, in particular to a planting substrate formula, a preparation method, an application, a tree hole structure and a planting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Urban trees are an important part of urban plants and play a crucial role in urban ecosystems. The most important problem faced by urban trees is the lack of soil suitable for the growth of tree roots. Adequate uncompacted soil, good drainage, aeration and moderate fertility are the key to the healthy growth of trees.

[0003] Human activities have severely damaged soil structure. Due to the crushing of pedestrians or vehicles, the soil around the tree roots is excessively compacted. Soil compaction has two key influencing factors, which directly affect plant growth and limit the available rooting space: 1. The soil structure is destroyed, and most of the large interconnected pores (macro-pores) are crushed, resulting in a decrease in soil porosity and an increase in bulk density, which in turn limits soil drainage and aeration; 2. As the macro-pores are crushed, the soil becomes dense, ultimately creating a physical barrier to the penetration of tree roots. Many reports have claimed that urban soil is actually "as dense as a brick". When tree roots encounter compacted soil, they will change direction, stop growing, or adapt to the environment by growing abnormally close to the surface. This shallow rooting makes urban trees more susceptible to drought stress and can cause road heaving. In addition, if the compacted soil is severely waterlogged, the tree roots can rot due to lack of oxygen.

[0004] In the prior art, to alleviate the problem of soil compaction, blue stone particles are usually added to the planting substrate: on the one hand, the blue stone particles are used for bearing and supporting, and the friction between the stone blocks can form a bearing structure; on the other hand, when the stone blocks are compacted, an open "lattice" structure is formed between the stone blocks; the soil is filled in the "lattice" gaps to support the growth of tree roots, and the soil in the gaps will not be compacted, so that the tree roots can penetrate.

[0005] However, blue stone particles are natural resources, which are difficult to mine and expensive, which leads to high cost of the existing planting substrate and damage to the environment. Therefore, those skilled in the art are committed to researching a low-cost and environmentally friendly planting substrate suitable for tree growth. SUMMARY

[0006] Greening and forestry will produce a large amount of waste wood, and the existing methods for processing these waste woods are mainly two: ① direct combustion for use, however, when the moisture content of these waste woods is high, a long time of preheating is needed to ignite, so it is not suitable for the occasion where heat energy is quickly obtained, secondly, long time of wood burning is easy to produce a large amount of smoke and dust, which affects the environment and human health; ② using wood crusher to crush the waste wood into materials of different shapes and sizes for various industries, this method not only can reduce the occupation of waste wood, recycle resources, protect the environment, but also can bring economic benefits. There are two methods to adjust the shape and size of the waste wood after crushing, the first is to adjust the blade to adjust the size of the material; the second is to change the screen to change the size of the material.

[0007] The applicant of the present application accidentally found that the carbonized wood obtained by completely carbonizing the wood material with irregular edges and corners of different particle sizes (especially 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm level) obtained after the wood crusher can be applied to the planting substrate of trees to replace the existing green stone particles.

[0008] Carbonized wood is a pyrolysis process of wood at high temperature (usually at 160-240℃) for a period of time, by reducing the concentration of hydroxyl groups in wood components, reducing the hygroscopicity and internal stress of wood, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the dimensional stability of wood, at the same time, the wood components have complex chemical reactions during the complete carbonization heat treatment process, which changes some components of the wood and reduces the nutrients of wood rot fungi, so the rot resistance of completely carbonized wood is improved.

[0009] In view of the above findings and the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a brand new planting substrate formula, which comprises garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide, and the ratio of the garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3 by volume.

[0010] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide is 6.5:3.4:0.1 by volume.

[0011] Further, the wood of the carbonized wood is derived from the waste wood of greening and forestry.

[0012] Further, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 2.5-3.5 cm, 4.5-5.5 cm and 6.5-7.5 cm, and the volume ratio of the three particle sizes of carbonized wood is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5.

[0013] Further, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 3 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm, and the volume ratio of the three particle sizes of carbonized wood is 1:1:1.

[0014] Further, the planting medium formulation further comprises controlled release fertilizer, and the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, and the controlled release fertilizer is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3 by volume.

[0015] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, and the controlled release fertilizer is 6:3.8:0.1:0.1 by volume.

[0016] Further, the planting medium formulation further comprises water-retaining agent, and the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, the controlled release fertilizer, and the water-retaining agent is 4.5-5.5:4.0-5:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.2-0.4 by volume.

[0017] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, the controlled release fertilizer, and the water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3 by volume.

[0018] The application also provides a preparation method of the planting medium formulation, comprising:

[0019] mixing the components of the planting medium formulation uniformly;

[0020] The planting medium formulation comprises garden soil, carbonized wood, and microbial agent, and the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, and the microbial agent is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3 by volume.

[0021] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, and the microbial agent is 6.5:3.4:0.1 by volume.

[0022] Further, the wood material of the carbonized wood is derived from greenery and forestry waste wood.

[0023] Further, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 2.5-3.5 cm, 4.5-5.5 cm, and 6.5-7.5 cm, and the volume ratio of the three kinds of particle sizes of the carbonized wood is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5.

[0024] Further, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 3 cm, 5 cm, and 7 cm, and the volume ratio of the three kinds of particle sizes of the carbonized wood is 1:1:1.

[0025] Further, the planting medium formulation further comprises controlled release fertilizer, and the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, and the controlled release fertilizer is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3 by volume.

[0026] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, and the controlled release fertilizer is 6:3.8:0.1:0.1 by volume.

[0027] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fertilizer, the controlled release fertilizer and the water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3 by volume.

[0028] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fertilizer, the controlled release fertilizer and the water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3 by volume.

[0029] The present application also provides a tree hole structure comprising a tree hole and a planting medium formula, characterized in that the planting medium formula comprises garden soil, carbonized wood and fertilizer, and the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood and the fertilizer is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3 by volume.

[0030] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fertilizer, the controlled release fertilizer and the water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3 by volume.

[0031] Further, the wood of the carbonized wood is derived from greenery and forestry waste wood.

[0032] Further, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 2.5-3.5 cm, 4.5-5.5 cm and 6.5-7.5 cm, and the volume ratio of the three particle sizes of the carbonized wood is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5.

[0033] Further, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 3 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm, and the volume ratio of the three particle sizes of the carbonized wood is 1:1:1.

[0034] Further, the planting medium formula further comprises a controlled release fertilizer, and the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fertilizer and the controlled release fertilizer is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3 by volume.

[0035] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fertilizer, the controlled release fertilizer and the water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3 by volume.

[0036] Further, the planting medium formula further comprises a controlled release fertilizer, and the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fertilizer and the controlled release fertilizer is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3 by volume.

[0037] Further, the ratio of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fertilizer, the controlled release fertilizer and the water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3 by volume.

[0038] The present application also provides a planting method, comprising the following steps:

[0039] a. excavating a tree hole at a place where a tree is to be planted;

[0040] b. placing a planting substrate formulation in the tree hole and reserving a planting pit for planting a tree therein;

[0041] The planting substrate formulation comprises garden soil, charcoal wood and a fungicide, and the ratio by volume of the garden soil, charcoal wood and fungicide is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3; the particle size of the charcoal wood is selected from 2.5-3.5 cm, 4.5-5.5 cm and 6.5-7.5 cm, and the volume ratio of the three kinds of particle sizes of charcoal wood is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5;

[0042] c. planting a tree to be planted into the planting pit and filling it with the planting substrate formulation.

[0043] Further, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, charcoal wood and fungicide is 6.5:3.4:0.1.

[0044] Further, the wood of the charcoal wood is derived from greenery and forestry waste wood.

[0045] Further, the particle size of the charcoal wood is selected from 3 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm, and the volume ratio of the three kinds of particle sizes of charcoal wood is 1:1:1.

[0046] Further, the planting substrate formulation further comprises a controlled-release fertilizer, and the ratio by volume of the garden soil, charcoal wood, fungicide and controlled-release fertilizer is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3.

[0047] Further, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, charcoal wood, fungicide and controlled-release fertilizer is 6:3.8:0.1:0.1.

[0048] Further, the planting substrate formulation further comprises a water-retaining agent, and the ratio by volume of the garden soil, charcoal wood, fungicide, controlled-release fertilizer and water-retaining agent is 4.5-5.5:4.0-5:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.2-0.4.

[0049] Further, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, charcoal wood, fungicide, controlled-release fertilizer and water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3.

[0050] The application also provides an application of the above-mentioned planting substrate formulation in tree planting, which comprises applying the planting substrate formulation to the roots of a tree for the growth of the roots of the tree.

[0051] The planting substrate formulation provided by the application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0052] 1. The charcoalized wood derived from green and forestry waste is used to replace bluestone, which not only realizes the recycling of waste wood, but also avoids overexploitation of natural resources, saves costs and protects the environment.

[0053] 2. The planting substrate formula of the present application has suitable porosity and good air and water permeability, creating a good growth environment for tree roots. Among them, the charcoalized wood is used for bearing and plays a supporting role. The friction between the charcoalized wood in contact with each other can form a bearing structure. When the charcoalized wood is compacted, an open "lattice" structure will be formed between the charcoalized wood and the charcoalized wood, and the garden soil will be filled in the "lattice" gap to support the growth of tree roots. The soil in the gap will not be compacted, which can increase the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, which is beneficial to the development of tree roots and improves the stability and wind resistance of the tree itself.

[0054] 3. The charcoalized wood used in the present application can provide a carbon source for microorganisms and adsorb pollutants, which is beneficial to the growth of microorganisms and further promotes the growth of tree roots.

[0055] 4. The present application selects 3 different particle sizes of charcoalized wood, which is considering that the size of tree roots is different. The long-term slow degradation of charcoalized wood of different particle sizes can provide a growth space matching the tree roots. In addition, charcoalized wood of different sizes can form a more stable supporting structure, making the entire planting substrate formula more stable, and the garden soil is not easy to settle.

[0056] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the planting substrate formula of the present application.

[0058] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a tree planted in the planting substrate formula of the present application.

[0059] Among them, 1 is charcoalized wood, 2 is garden soil (containing bacterial agents, and may also contain controlled-release fertilizer and / or water-retaining agent according to needs), and 3 is a tree. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0061] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are merely schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. Therefore, the illustrations only show components relevant to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape, and size of components in implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity, and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout may also be more complex. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in the embodiments are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this application. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of implementation of this application.

[0062] Some exemplary embodiments of this application have been described for illustrative purposes. It should be understood that this application may be implemented in other ways not specifically shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0063] Combination Figure 1 The planting substrate formula of this application includes garden soil 2 and carbonized wood 1, wherein the garden soil contains microbial agent, and the ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood and microbial agent by volume is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3.

[0064] The carbonized wood in the planting substrate formula replaces the bluestone granules used in the existing technology. It is used for load-bearing and support. The friction at the contact points of the carbonized wood can form a load-bearing structure. When the carbonized wood is compressed, an open "grid" structure will be formed between the carbonized wood pieces. Garden soil fills the gaps in the "grid" to support the growth of tree roots. The garden soil in the gaps will not be compacted, which can increase the aeration and permeability of the garden soil, which is conducive to the development of tree roots and improves the stability and wind resistance of the tree itself.

[0065] The wood of the carbonized wood is derived from greenery and forestry waste wood, which not only realizes the recycling of waste wood, but also avoids overexploitation of natural resources when using green stone particles, saves costs and protects the environment. After the waste wood is crushed by a wood crusher, materials of different shapes and sizes can be obtained. The application preferably uses materials with particle sizes of 2.5-3.5 cm, 4.5-5.5 cm and 6.5-7.5 cm, and particularly preferably uses 3 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm materials. After complete carbonization heat treatment, carbonized wood of these sizes can be used in the planting substrate formula of the application to replace existing green stone particles. The volume ratio of the three particle sizes of the carbonized wood is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5, and preferably 1:1:1. The carbonized wood of the application preferably has the above particle size, mainly because a particle size that is too large can easily cause water and fertilizer loss, and a planting substrate formula with poor water and fertilizer retention. A particle size that is too small can easily cause poor water and air permeability of the planting substrate formula. The reason for choosing three different particle sizes of carbonized wood is that on the one hand, the size of tree roots varies, and different particle sizes of carbonized wood can provide a growth space that matches the tree roots. On the other hand, different sizes of carbonized wood can form a more stable support structure, making the entire planting substrate formula more stable and preventing garden soil from settling.

[0066] In addition, carbonized wood can provide a carbon source for microorganisms and adsorb pollutants, which is beneficial to the growth of microorganisms and further promotes the growth of tree roots.

[0067] The microbial agent is an agricultural microbial agent, which can be mixed uniformly with garden soil to directly or indirectly improve the soil, restore soil fertility, prevent soil-borne diseases, maintain the balance of rhizosphere microbial flora, and degrade toxic substances. Appropriate use of agricultural microbial agents can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, reduce costs, improve soil, and protect the ecological environment. The microbial agent of the application can be selected from rhizobium agent, nitrogen-fixing bacteria agent, phosphorus-solubilizing microbial agent, silicate microbial agent, photosynthetic bacterial agent, organic matter composting agent, growth-promoting microbial agent, mycorrhizal agent, bioremediation microbial agent, and composite microbial agent. The microbial agent of the application is an existing microbial agent, which can be directly purchased commercially, for example, through the following website:

[0068] https: / / b2b.baidu.com / land?url=https%3A%2F%2Facg.qunke.com% 2Fcompany%2Fhbsjzly%2Fproductshow%2F4879967&query=%E5%BE%AE%E7%94% 9F%E7%89%A9%E8%8F%8C%E5%89%82%E4%BB%B7%E6%A0%BC&lattr=&xzhid =33370226&pi=b2b.s.main.40..5479737814181305&category=%E5%8C%96%E5% B7%A5%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%3B%E5%8C%96%E8%82%A5%3B%E6%9C%89% E6%9C%BA%E8%82%A5%E6%96%99&fid=84017152%2C1698376033254&iid=36249 0f21becbeb495c3a57c3563bc1b&miniId=8469&jid=13834865&prod_type=0 .

[0069] The use of the microbial agent should comply with the national standard "Technical Procedures for Functional Evaluation of Agricultural Microbial Agents" (GB / T 41727-2022).

[0070] The above-mentioned ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide makes the planting medium formula of the application have good water permeability and air permeability, creates a good medium growth environment for tree roots, and can also meet the road load bearing.

[0071] As a priority, the above-mentioned garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide have a ratio of 6.5:3.4:0.1 by volume.

[0072] In order to further increase the nutrients of the soil to meet the needs of different growth periods of plants, the planting medium formula of the application can also add controlled-release fertilizer. Of course, the controlled-release fertilizer can also be added after the tree is planted. Controlled-release fertilizer, also known as slow-release compound fertilizer, is a long-acting fertilizer that achieves the extension of the decomposition and release time of the fertilizer and improves the utilization rate of fertilizer nutrients by wrapping a film or an additive such as an outer coating on nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer or full-nutrient fertilizer with trace elements. The nutrients of controlled-release fertilizer are more comprehensive than slow-release fertilizer, containing not only nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but also some other trace elements (iron, zinc, boron, etc.), which can meet the needs of different growth periods of plants. Common controlled-release fertilizers include sulfur coating, resin coating and urease inhibitors. The controlled-release fertilizer of the application is available on the market, and can be purchased through the following website:

[0073] https: / / b2b.baidu.com / land?url=https%3A%2F%2Fb2bwork.baidu.com% 2Fland%3Flid%3D1766755760845921886&query=%E6%8E%A7%E9%87%8A%E8% 82%A5&lattr=&xzhid=31126351&pi=b2b.s.main.4..9949122695494598&category =%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%3B%E5%8C%96%E8%82% A5%3B%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E8%82%A5%E6%96%99&fid=84017152% 2C1698376033254&iid=f770036cf895f7dc9b64e8b3404f4961&miniId=8469&jid= 3938375955&prod_type=0 .

[0074] The ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, fungicide and controlled-release fertilizer is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3 by volume, preferably 6:3.8:0.1:0.1.

[0075] In order to further improve the soil structure, the planting medium formula of the application can also add water-retaining agent. Of course, the water-retaining agent can also be added after the tree is planted. Carbonized wood has a slow decomposition rate in the early stage and has poor water retention. After 3-5 years, it begins to decompose slowly. The high-molecular water-retaining agent can be naturally degraded into carbon dioxide, water and nitride in the soil, with an annual degradation rate of 5%-10%, and can be completely degraded in about 5 years. The water-retaining agent of the application is available on the market, and can be purchased through the following website:

[0076] https: / / detail.1688.com / offer / 724895514196.html?spm=a261b.2187593.0 .0.163153cbdfumqW .

[0077] The ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, fungicide, controlled-release fertilizer and water-retaining agent is 4.5-5.5:4.0-5:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.2-0.4 by volume, preferably 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3.

[0078] When the above-mentioned planting medium formula is applied to the root system of a tree, the volume of use is calculated according to Formula 1:

[0079] V (ss) = V (tp) - V (s) Formula 1

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] wherein:

[0083] V (ss) - the volume of the planting medium formula (m 3 );

[0084] V (tp) - the volume of the tree hole (m 3 );

[0085] V (s) - the volume of the nursery soil ball (m 3 );

[0086] V (tp)min - the minimum volume of the tree hole required for the tree to maintain growth (m 3 );

[0087] - the diameter of the nursery soil ball (m);

[0088] h - the height of the tree hole (m).

[0089] In the above-mentioned formula, h is the height of the tree hole, although the higher the height of the tree hole, the more conducive to the growth of the tree, but in general, h will be selected according to the actual construction conditions, such as according to the original road construction conditions, etc. According to V (tp)min , the minimum volume of the tree hole required for the tree to maintain growth (m 3 ), the volume of the planting medium formula required for the tree to maintain growth can be calculated, and it should be understood that the larger the volume of the tree hole, the larger the volume of the planting medium formula, the more conducive to the growth of the plant.

[0090] The application also provides a preparation method of the planting medium formula, which comprises uniformly mixing the components of the planting medium formula in the above-mentioned proportions; the planting medium formula comprises garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide, and the proportions of the garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide are 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3 by volume, and as a preferred solution, the proportions of the garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide are 6.5:3.4:0.1 by volume.

[0091] In this embodiment, the carbonized wood is derived from waste wood from landscaping and forestry. The particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 2.5-3.5cm, 4.5-5.5cm, and 6.5-7.5cm, and the volume ratio of these three particle sizes is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5. As a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 3cm, 5cm, and 7cm, and the volume ratio of these three particle sizes is 1:1:1.

[0092] In this embodiment, when the above-mentioned planting substrate formula includes controlled-release fertilizer, the volume ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, microbial agent, and controlled-release fertilizer is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3; as a preferred embodiment, the volume ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, microbial agent, and controlled-release fertilizer is 6:3.8:0.1:0.1. In this embodiment, when the above-mentioned planting substrate formula also includes a water-retaining agent, the volume ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, microbial agent, controlled-release fertilizer, and water-retaining agent is 4.5-5.5:4.0-5:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.2-0.4; as a preferred embodiment, the volume ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, microbial agent, controlled-release fertilizer, and water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3.

[0093] This application also provides a tree pit structure, including a tree pit and a planting substrate formula. The planting substrate formula includes garden soil, carbonized wood, and a fungicide, wherein the ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, and fungicide by volume is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3. As a preferred embodiment, the ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, and fungicide by volume is 6.5:3.4:0.1.

[0094] In this embodiment, the carbonized wood is derived from waste wood from landscaping and forestry. The particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 2.5-3.5cm, 4.5-5.5cm, and 6.5-7.5cm, and the volume ratio of these three particle sizes is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5. As a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 3cm, 5cm, and 7cm, and the volume ratio of these three particle sizes is 1:1:1.

[0095] In the present embodiment, when the controlled-release fertilizer is included in the planting medium formulation, the proportions of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, and the controlled-release fertilizer are 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3 by volume; as a preferred option, the proportions of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, and the controlled-release fertilizer are 6:3.8:0.1:0.1 by volume. In the present embodiment, when the water-retaining agent is also included in the planting medium formulation, the proportions of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, the controlled-release fertilizer, and the water-retaining agent are 4.5-5.5:4.0-5:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.2-0.4 by volume; as a preferred option, the proportions of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the microbial agent, the controlled-release fertilizer, and the water-retaining agent are 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3 by volume.

[0096] The present application also provides a method for planting street trees, comprising the following steps:

[0097] a. Excavating a tree hole at a place where a tree is to be planted;

[0098] b. Placing the planting medium formulation in the tree hole and reserving a planting pit for planting a tree therein;

[0099] c. Planting the tree to be planted in the planting pit and filling the planting medium formulation.

[0100] The tree hole excavated in step a is used to accommodate the planting medium formulation, and the tree hole and the planting medium formulation together form the growth environment of the tree. The depth, shape, and size of the tree hole can be selected according to actual conditions and can be designed to be a cuboid, a cube, a sphere, an ellipsoid, or an irregular shape, etc. The specific design can be determined according to the required growth space of the tree roots, road conditions, etc. The volume of the planting medium formulation in the tree hole is calculated according to Formula 1:

[0101] V (ss) = V (tp) -V (s) Formula 1

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] In the formula:

[0105] V (ss) - the volume of the planting medium formulation (m 3 );

[0106] V (tp) - the volume of the tree hole (m 3 );

[0107] V (s) - the volume of the soil ball of the seedling (m3 );

[0108] V (tp)min - the minimum tree pit volume (m 3 ) required for the tree to maintain growth;

[0109] - the diameter (m) of the soil ball of the seedling;

[0110] h - the height (m) of the tree pit.

[0111] In the above formula, h is the height of the tree pit, and although the higher the height of the tree pit is the more beneficial for the growth of the tree, in general h will be selected according to the actual construction situation, such as according to the original road construction situation, etc. According to V (tp)min , the minimum tree pit volume (m 3 ) required for the tree to maintain growth, the volume of the planting medium formulation required for the minimum maintenance of the growth of the tree can be calculated, and it should be understood that the larger the volume of the tree pit, the larger the volume of the planting medium formulation, the more beneficial for the growth of the plant.

[0112] In step b, the planting medium formulation comprises garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide, and the ratio by volume of the garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3, and as a preferred solution, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, carbonized wood and fungicide is 6.5:3.4:0.1. The wood of the carbonized wood is derived from greenery and forestry waste wood, and the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 2.5-3.5 cm, 4.5-5.5 cm and 6.5-7.5 cm, and the volume ratio of the three particle sizes of the carbonized wood is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5; as a preferred solution, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 3 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm, and the volume ratio of the three particle sizes of the carbonized wood is 1:1:1. When the above planting medium formulation includes controlled-release fertilizer, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, carbonized wood, fungicide and controlled-release fertilizer is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3; as a preferred solution, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, carbonized wood, fungicide and controlled-release fertilizer is 6:3.8:0.1:0.1. When the above planting medium formulation further includes water-retaining agent, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, carbonized wood, fungicide, controlled-release fertilizer and water-retaining agent is 4.5-5.5:4.0-5:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.2-0.4; as a preferred solution, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, carbonized wood, fungicide, controlled-release fertilizer and water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3. It should be understood that the controlled-release fertilizer or the water-retaining agent can also be added after the tree is planted according to the situation.

[0113] By the above method, since the planting substrate formula has suitable porosity and good air and water permeability, a growth environment matched with the trees can be provided for the trees, the healthy growth of the trees is effectively ensured, the service role of the urban ecological system is long-term played, the planting effect of the urban trees is improved, and the economic and environmental benefits of the urban trees are improved.

[0114] The application further provides an application of the above planting substrate formula in tree planting, which comprises applying the above planting substrate formula to the roots of the trees for growth of the roots of the trees. The above planting substrate formula comprises garden soil, carbonized wood and a fungicide, and the ratio by volume of the garden soil, the carbonized wood and the fungicide is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3, and as a preferred solution, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, the carbonized wood and the fungicide is 6.5:3.4:0.1. The wood of the carbonized wood is derived from greenery and forestry waste wood, and the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 2.5-3.5 cm, 4.5-5.5 cm and 6.5-7.5 cm, and the volume ratio of the carbonized wood with the three particle sizes is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5; as a preferred solution, the particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 3 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm, and the volume ratio of the carbonized wood with the three particle sizes is 1:1:1. When the above planting substrate formula comprises controlled-release fertilizer, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fungicide and the controlled-release fertilizer is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3; as a preferred solution, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fungicide and the controlled-release fertilizer is 6:3.8:0.1:0.1. When the above planting substrate formula further comprises a water-retaining agent, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fungicide, the controlled-release fertilizer and the water-retaining agent is 4.5-5.5:4.0-5:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.2-0.4; as a preferred solution, the ratio by volume of the garden soil, the carbonized wood, the fungicide, the controlled-release fertilizer and the water-retaining agent is 5:4.5:0.1:0.1:0.3.

[0115] The application further tests the performance of the above planting substrate formula, and the test results are shown in the following table.

[0116]

[0117] (Note: the sizes of the bluestone particles and the carbonized wood used in the above comparative examples and embodiments are consistent, and are selected from particle sizes of 3 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm, and the volume ratio of the three particle sizes is 1:1:1)

[0118] From the above results, it can be seen that the use of carbonized wood instead of bluestone particles not only realizes the recycling of waste wood, but also avoids overexploitation of natural resources, saves costs and protects the environment. At the same time, the planting substrate formula has suitable porosity and good air permeability, water permeability and water retention, creating a good growth environment for tree roots, which is beneficial to the development of tree roots and improves the stability and wind resistance of trees.

[0119] The above embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A planting substrate formula, characterized in that, It includes garden soil, carbonized wood, and fungal agent, wherein the ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, and fungal agent by volume is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.3; The carbonized wood is produced by pyrolysis of wood at 160-240℃ for a period of time. The particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 2.5-3.5cm, 4.5-5.5cm, and 6.5-7.5cm, with a volume ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5 for these three particle sizes. The microbial agent is an agricultural microbial agent that can directly or indirectly improve soil, restore soil fertility, prevent soil-borne diseases, maintain the balance of rhizosphere microbial flora, and degrade toxic substances. The above planting substrate formula is applied to the root system of trees, and its usage volume is calculated according to the following formula: V (ss) =V (tp) -V (s) In the formula: V (ss) - Volume of planting substrate formula (m³) 3 ); V (tp) -Tree pit volume (m³) 3 ); V (s) -Soil ball volume of seedlings (m) 3 ); V (tp)min -Minimum tree pit volume required for tree growth (m³) 3 ); - Diameter at breast height (m) of the root ball of the seedling; h - Height of the tree pit (m).

2. The planting substrate formula according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonized wood is made from waste wood from landscaping and forestry.

3. The planting substrate formula according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonized wood has a particle size of 3cm, 5cm and 7cm, and the volume ratio of these three particle sizes is 1:1:

1.

4. The planting substrate formula according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting substrate formula also includes controlled-release fertilizer, and the ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, microbial agent and controlled-release fertilizer by volume is 5.6-6.4:3.5-4.1:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.

3.

5. The planting substrate formula according to claim 4, characterized in that, The planting substrate formula also includes a water-retaining agent, and the ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, microbial agent, controlled-release fertilizer and water-retaining agent by volume is 4.5-5.5:4.0-5:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3:0.2-0.

4.

6. A method for preparing a planting substrate formula, used to prepare the planting substrate formula as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: Mix all the components of the planting substrate formula evenly; The planting substrate formula includes garden soil, carbonized wood, and microbial agent, wherein the ratio of garden soil, carbonized wood, and microbial agent by volume is 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.

3.

7. A planting method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Dig tree pits at the location where you want to plant trees; b. Place the planting substrate formula into the tree pit and reserve planting pits for planting trees in it; The planting substrate formula includes garden soil, carbonized wood, and microbial agents, with a volume ratio of 6.2-6.8:3.0-3.8:0.1-0.

3. The carbonized wood is produced by pyrolysis of wood at 160-240℃ for a period of time. The particle size of the carbonized wood is selected from 2.5-3.5cm, 4.5-5.5cm, and 6.5-7.5cm, with a volume ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5 for these three particle sizes. The microbial agents are agricultural microbial agents that can directly or indirectly improve soil, restore soil fertility, prevent soil-borne diseases, maintain the balance of rhizosphere microbiota, and degrade toxic substances. The above planting substrate formula is applied to the root system of trees, and its usage volume is calculated according to the following formula: V (ss) =V (tp) -V (s) In the formula: V (ss) - Volume of planting substrate formula (m³) 3 ); V (tp) -Tree pit volume (m³) 3 ); V (s) -Soil ball volume of seedlings (m) 3 ); V (tp)min -Minimum tree pit volume required for tree growth (m³) 3 ); - Diameter at breast height (m) of the root ball of the seedling; h - Height of the tree pit (m); c. Plant the trees to be planted into the planting pits and fill them with the planting substrate formula.

Images