A salinity gradient controllable device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a salinity gradient controllable device, which includes a convection chamber divided into multiple chambers by mutually intersecting partitions. The chambers are sequentially connected in intervals up and down to form a narrow and long flow channel that meanders up and down and left and right. The chamber openings at both ends of the flow channel are provided with water injection ports and overflow ports. The chamber opening in the middle of the flow channel is provided with an overflow port, which is connected to an overflow pipe, on which an overflow valve is provided. A water injection device for injecting water into the water injection port includes a water injection chamber for storing salt water, the water injection chamber is connected to the water injection port via a water injection pipe, on which a flow regulating valve and a flow meter are provided. A salinity sensor for monitoring the salinity of the water in the chamber is provided. A control unit is provided. The salinity gradient controllable device provided by the present invention can simulate the salinity changes of the bubble water area caused by tidal phenomena in a container of limited size (tank / pool / pond / lake or other), providing a convenient condition for studying aquatic organisms living in the bubble water area, as well as aquatic organisms that migrate and reproduce in the sea.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a salinity gradient controllable device, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture equipment. Background Art

[0002] Different aquatic organisms have different preferences for water salinity. Some prefer to live in seawater, some in freshwater, and still others in a soda-water environment. A soda-water environment refers to water with a salinity between freshwater and seawater, commonly found at river estuaries or where rivers meet the sea. In these areas, the salinity of the water fluctuates constantly due to the outflow of freshwater from the river and the return of seawater at high tide. Unlike low-concentration seawater environments, the salinity of water in a soda-water environment is constantly changing, gradually increasing at high tide and decreasing at low tide.

[0003] Many species can survive in freshwater but must reproduce in seawater, such as honey snails and army horn snails. Many other species can survive in seawater but must reproduce in freshwater, such as migratory fish. Statistics show that the average salinity of global seawater is 3.5%, while the salinity at river mouths is approximately 0.35%. The average salinity is about 0.8% 1 kilometer from the mouth, and about 1.5% 10 kilometers from the mouth. This demonstrates the enormous scale of water required to create salinity gradients in natural environments.

[0004] Common artificial breeding methods usually use seawater, freshwater, or low-concentration seawater between seawater and freshwater, or change the salinity value of the water body in stages at different times. The salinity value of the same water body at the same time is often consistent. It is impossible to achieve long-term stable coexistence of water of different salinities in the same breeding chamber, and it is impossible to simulate the salinity changes caused by the ocean tidal effect. The main reason is that the scale of artificial breeding chambers is very limited, and the convection rate of water of different salinities is too fast. Water of different salinities can easily convect and diffuse rapidly in the limited-scale breeding chamber, and eventually neutralize into water of the same salinity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to achieve a relatively constant salinity gradient in a culture tank of limited size and to simulate the salinity changes of water bodies caused by the ocean tidal effect.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention provides a salinity gradient controllable device, which includes:

[0007] A convection chamber is provided with a first partition and a second partition arranged crosswise with each other, and the convection chamber is divided into multiple chambers by the first partition and the second partition;

[0008] Preferably, the chambers are sequentially connected in intervals up and down, forming a narrow and long flow channel winding up and down and left and right in the convection chamber;

[0009] Preferably, the density of the baffles 1 and 2 in the convection chamber can be set according to actual needs. The denser the baffles, the longer the flow channel formed, the smaller the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, and the slower the convection diffusion rate of salinity when water of different salinities converges in the flow channel.

[0010] Preferably, water inlets are provided at the chamber openings at both ends of the narrow and long flow channel, one end being a high-salinity salt water inlet and the other end being a low-salinity salt water inlet;

[0011] Preferably, overflow ports are provided at both ends and the middle chamber opening of the narrow flow channel; the three overflow ports are each connected to an overflow pipe, and an overflow valve is provided on the overflow pipe; the high-salinity brine water inlet is overflow port one, and overflow valve one is provided on the corresponding overflow pipe; the low-salinity brine water inlet is overflow port two, and overflow valve two is provided on the corresponding overflow pipe; the chamber opening in the middle of the flow channel is overflow port three, and overflow valve three is provided on the corresponding overflow pipe.

[0012] A water injection device for injecting water into a water injection port, comprising a water injection tank for storing brine, the water injection tank being connected to the water injection port via a water injection pipe, the water injection pipe being provided with a flow regulating valve and a flow meter; the water injection tanks of the two water injection devices are respectively filled with high-salinity brine with a salinity of η1 and low-salinity brine with a salinity of η2 (η2<η1, when η2=0, it is fresh water), the high-salinity brine injection port is water injection port 1, the low-salinity brine injection port is water injection port 2, the water injection tank filled with high-salinity brine with a salinity of η1 is water injection tank 1, the water injection tank filled with low-salinity brine with a salinity of η2 is water injection tank 2, the water injection pipe for the high-salinity brine is water injection pipe 1, the water injection pipe for the low-salinity brine is water injection pipe 2, the flow meter for the high-salinity brine is flow meter 1, the flow meter for the low-salinity brine is flow meter 2, the flow regulating valve for the high-salinity brine is flow regulating valve 1, and the flow regulating valve for the low-salinity brine is flow regulating valve 2;

[0013] More preferably, the flow meters of the two water injection devices respectively monitor the injection rates of the high-salinity brine and the low-salinity brine in real time;

[0014] More preferably, the water injection rate can be controlled by controlling the opening of the flow regulating valve. The larger the opening of the flow regulating valve, the greater the water injection rate.

[0015] a salinity sensor for monitoring the salinity of the water within the chamber;

[0016] More preferably, the number of the salinity sensors is five, three of which are located in cavities at three overflow ports, and the remaining two are located in a middle cavity between the three overflow ports.

[0017] The salinity sensor, flow control valve, relief valve, and flow meter are connected to the control unit. The control unit can be programmed to time the overflow position and the opening and closing times of the relief valve to better match the actual high and low tide times of the ocean. The control unit controls the opening of the corresponding flow control valve based on the monitored salinity gradient and injection rate, thereby controlling the injection rate of high-salinity and low-salinity brine into the convection chamber to achieve the desired salinity gradient.

[0018] More preferably, the openings of the two flow regulating valves are adjusted so that the injection rates of the two injection pipes are equal, that is, the high-salinity brine and the low-salinity brine are injected into the corresponding water injection ports at the same rate; the overflow valve three is opened, and the overflow valve one and the overflow valve two are closed. The high-salinity brine and the low-salinity brine are merged in the middle of the flow channel and gradually diffuse toward the two ends of the flow channel through convection, and overflow through the overflow port where the overflow valve three is located. When the convection diffusion rate and the injection rate are balanced, a relatively stable salinity gradient can be formed in the convection chamber flow channel. At this time, the salinities at the overflow port one, overflow port two, and overflow port three are η1, η2, and (η1+η2) / 2, respectively. By adjusting the openings of the two flow regulating valves, the changing trend of the salinity gradient curve can be controlled.

[0019] More preferably, the low tide phenomenon can be simulated by opening the overflow valve one and closing the overflow valve two and the overflow valve three; the salinity of the water in the flow channel gradually decreases due to the continuous injection of low-salinity brine and the continuous overflow of high-salinity brine. When the equilibrium state is reached, the salinity at the high-salinity brine injection port is (η1+η2) / 2, and the salinity at the low-salinity brine injection port is η2; by adjusting the opening size of the two flow regulating valves, the changing trend of the salinity gradient curve can be controlled.

[0020] More preferably, by opening the overflow valve 2 and closing the overflow valve 1 and the overflow valve 3, the high tide phenomenon can be simulated; the salinity of the water in the flow channel gradually increases due to the continuous injection of high-salinity brine and the continuous overflow of low-salinity brine. When the equilibrium state is reached, the salinity at the high-salinity brine injection port is η1, and the salinity at the low-salinity brine injection port is (η1+η2) / 2; by adjusting the opening size of the two flow regulating valves, the changing trend of the salinity gradient curve can be controlled.

[0021] More preferably, by replacing the brine of different salinities in the water injection tank of the above-mentioned salinity gradient controllable device with solutions of other different concentrations, temperatures or densities, different property gradients such as specific concentration gradients, temperature gradients or density gradients can be formed in the device.

[0022] The salinity gradient controllable device provided by the present invention can simulate the salinity changes of the bubble water area caused by tidal phenomena in a container of limited size (tank / pond / pond / lake or other), providing a convenient condition for studying aquatic organisms living in a bubble water environment, as well as aquatic organisms that migrate and reproduce in the sea. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a salinity gradient controllable device provided in an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2-7 is a schematic diagram of the convection chamber;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the middle section A;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of middle section B;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of each row of chambers in the convection cabin;

[0028] Figure 8 is the salinity curve when the overflow valve 3 is opened;

[0029] Figure 9 is the salinity curve when the overflow valve is opened;

[0030] Figure 10 This is the salinity curve when the overflow valve 2 is opened. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the present invention more clear and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Example

[0033] Figure 1 A salinity gradient controllable device provided in this embodiment includes:

[0034] Convection chamber 1 (such as Figure 2-7 As shown, the convection chamber 1 is provided with five partitions 1 2 and three partitions 2 3 arranged in a crosswise manner. The convection chamber 1 is divided into 6×4 chambers by the partitions 1 2 and 2 3. Each chamber is sequentially connected in intervals up and down, forming a narrow flow channel that meanders up and down and left and right in the convection chamber 1. A water injection port 1 4 and an overflow port 1 6 are provided at the chamber opening at one end of the flow channel. A water injection port 2 5 and an overflow port 2 7 are provided at the chamber opening at the other end of the flow channel. An overflow port 3 8 is provided at the chamber opening in the middle of the flow channel. The overflow ports 1 6, 2 7, and 3 8 are connected to the overflow pipe 1 11, the overflow pipe 2 12, and the overflow pipe 3 13, respectively. The overflow pipes 11, 2 12, and 3 13 are provided with overflow valves 18, 2 19, and 3 20, respectively.

[0035] Water injection device 1 and water injection device 2 for injecting water into water injection port 1 4 and water injection port 2 5, respectively. Water injection device 1 includes a water injection tank 1 21 for storing high-salinity salt water with a salinity of η1. Water injection tank 1 21 is connected to water injection port 1 4 via a water injection pipe 1 9. Water injection pipe 1 9 is provided with a flow regulating valve 16 and a flow meter 14. Water injection device 2 includes a water injection tank 2 22 for storing low-salinity salt water with a salinity of η2. Water injection tank 2 22 is connected to water injection port 2 5 via a water injection pipe 2 10. Water injection pipe 2 10 is provided with a flow regulating valve 2 17 and a flow meter 2 15.

[0036] Five salinity sensors for monitoring the salinity of the water in the chambers: salinity sensor 1 23 is located in the chamber at overflow port 1 6, salinity sensor 2 24 is located in the chamber at overflow port 2 7, salinity sensor 3 25 is located in the chamber at overflow port 3 8, salinity sensor 4 26 is located in the middle chamber between overflow port 1 6 and overflow port 3 8, and salinity sensor 5 27 is located in the middle chamber between overflow port 2 7 and overflow port 3 8;

[0037] The salinity sensor, the flow regulating valve, the overflow valve, and the flow meter are connected to the control unit 28 .

[0038] Flowmeter 1 14 and flowmeter 2 15 monitor the injection rates v1 and v2 of high-salinity brine and low-salinity brine respectively in real time. The control unit 28 controls the opening size of the corresponding flow regulating valve and the switch status of the three overflow valves according to the monitored salinity gradient and injection rate, thereby controlling the injection rate and overflow position of high-salinity brine and low-salinity brine in the convection chamber.

[0039] Adjust the opening of flow regulating valve 16 and flow regulating valve 2 17 to make the injection rate of injection pipe 1 9 and injection pipe 2 10 equal, that is, the high-salinity brine and low-salinity brine are injected into the corresponding injection port at the same rate; open overflow valve 3 20, close overflow valve 18 and overflow valve 2 19, and the high-salinity brine and low-salinity brine will merge in the middle of the flow channel and gradually diffuse to the two ends of the flow channel, and overflow through overflow pipe 3 13 at the same time. When the convection diffusion rate and the injection rate reach equilibrium, a relatively stable salinity gradient can be formed in the convection chamber flow channel. At this time, the salinities at overflow port 1 6, overflow port 2 7, and overflow port 3 8 are η1, η2, and (η1+η2) / 2, respectively. By adjusting the opening of the two flow regulating valves, the changing trend of the salinity gradient curve can be controlled, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 shown.

[0040] Opening overflow valve 18 and closing overflow valve 2 19 and overflow valve 3 20 can simulate the ebb tide phenomenon. The salinity of the water in the flow channel gradually decreases due to the continuous injection of low-salinity salt water and the continuous overflow of high-salinity salt water. When the equilibrium state is reached, the salinity at the high-salinity salt water injection port is (η1+η2) / 2, and the salinity at the low-salinity salt water injection port is η2. By adjusting the opening size of the two flow control valves, the change trend of the salinity gradient curve can be controlled, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 9 shown.

[0041] Opening overflow valve 2 19 and closing overflow valve 1 18 and overflow valve 3 20 can simulate the high tide phenomenon. The salinity of the water in the flow channel gradually increases due to the continuous injection of high-salinity salt water and the continuous overflow of low-salinity salt water. When the equilibrium state is reached, the salinity at the high-salinity salt water injection port is η1, and the salinity at the low-salinity salt water injection port is (η1+η2) / 2. By adjusting the opening size of the two flow control valves, the change trend of the salinity gradient curve can be controlled, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 10 shown.

[0042] The above device has the following characteristics:

[0043] 1. The convection chamber of the present invention is divided into a number of chambers by partitions arranged in a specific order. These chambers are sequentially connected in intervals up and down, forming a narrow and long flow channel that meanders up, down, left and right in the convection chamber.

[0044] 2. The density of the partitions of the present invention can be set according to actual needs. The denser the partitions, the longer the flow channel formed, the smaller the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, and the slower the convection diffusion rate of salinity when water of different salinities converges in the flow channel.

[0045] 3. Conventional aquaculture chambers (tanks / ponds / ponds / lakes or other) are usually provided with only one water inlet. The convection chamber of the present invention is provided with two water inlets, which are respectively located at the chamber openings at both ends of the convection chamber flow channel.

[0046] 4. Conventional aquaculture tanks (tanks / ponds / ponds / lakes or other) are usually only provided with one overflow port. The convection tank of the present invention is provided with three overflow ports, which are respectively located at the chamber openings at both ends and the middle of the convection tank flow channel.

[0047] 5. The present invention provides a flow meter on the water injection pipe to monitor the water injection rate in real time.

[0048] 6. The present invention provides a flow regulating valve on the water injection pipe, and the opening of the flow regulating valve can be controlled according to actual needs, thereby controlling the water injection rate. The larger the opening of the flow regulating valve, the greater the water injection rate.

[0049] 7. The present invention provides an overflow valve on the overflow pipe. When the overflow valve is opened, normal overflow can occur. When the overflow valve is closed, overflow can be stopped. Thus, the overflow position of the convection chamber can be selected according to actual needs.

[0050] 8. The present invention provides five salinity sensors in the convection chamber, which can monitor the salinity value of each monitoring point in real time. Salinity sensor 1 is in the cavity at overflow port 1, salinity sensor 2 is in the cavity at overflow port 2, salinity sensor 3 is in the cavity at overflow port 3, salinity sensor 4 is in the middle cavity between overflow port 1 and overflow port 3, and salinity sensor 5 is in the middle cavity between overflow port 2 and overflow port 3.

[0051] 9. The flow regulating valve 1, flow regulating valve 2, flow meter 1, flow meter 2, overflow valve 1, overflow valve 2, overflow valve 3, salinity sensor 1, salinity sensor 2, salinity sensor 3, salinity sensor 4, and salinity sensor 5 described in the present invention are all connected to the control unit.

[0052] 10. In the present invention, high-salinity salt water with a salinity of η1 is configured in the water injection tank one, and is injected into the convection tank water injection port one through the water injection pipe one, the flow regulating valve one, and the flow meter one; low-salinity salt water with a salinity of η2 (η2<η1) (when η2=0, it is fresh water) is configured in the water injection tank two, and is injected into the convection tank water injection port two through the water injection pipe two, the flow regulating valve two, and the flow meter two.

[0053] 11. Open the flow regulating valve 1 and the flow regulating valve 2 to appropriate openings, so that the water injection rate v1 of the water injection pipe 1 is equal to the water injection rate v2 of the water injection pipe 2, that is, the high-salinity salt water with a salinity of η1 and the low-salinity salt water with a salinity of η2 are injected into the water injection port 1 and the water injection port 2 of the convection chamber at the same rate; open the overflow valve 3, and close the overflow valve 1 and the overflow valve 2; the high-salinity salt water with a salinity of η1 and the low-salinity salt water with a salinity of η2 merge in the middle of the flow channel and overflow from the overflow port 3 through the overflow pipe 3 and the overflow valve 3; the high-salinity salt water with a salinity of η1 and the low-salinity salt water with a salinity of η2 merge in the middle of the flow channel and the salinity gradually diffuses toward the two ends of the flow channel; when the convection diffusion rate reaches equilibrium with the water injection rate, a relatively stable salinity gradient can be formed in the flow channel of the convection chamber, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 shown.

[0054] 12. Open the overflow valve 1 and close the overflow valve 2 and the overflow valve 3 to simulate the ebb tide. The salinity of the water in the middle of the flow channel will gradually decrease due to the continuous injection of low-salinity salt water and the continuous overflow of high-salinity salt water. When equilibrium is reached, the salinity gradient in the flow channel of the convection chamber will be as follows: Figure 9 shown.

[0055] 13. Open the overflow valve 2 and close the overflow valve 1 and the overflow valve 3 to simulate the high tide phenomenon. The salinity of the water in the middle of the flow channel will gradually increase due to the continuous injection of high-salinity salt water and the continuous overflow of low-salinity salt water. When equilibrium is reached, the salinity gradient in the flow channel of the convection chamber will be as follows: Figure 10 shown.

[0056] 14. The control unit can grasp the salinity gradient change trend in real time based on the salinity values ​​of each monitoring point monitored by salinity sensor 1, salinity sensor 2, salinity sensor 3, salinity sensor 4, and salinity sensor 5, and control the water injection rate by adjusting the opening size of flow control valve 1 and flow control valve 2 to obtain the required salinity gradient curve.

[0057] 15. According to actual needs, by adjusting the opening size of flow control valve 1 and flow control valve 2, two waters with different salinities can also be injected from water injection port 1 and water injection port 2 at different rates.

[0058] 16. By changing the salinity of the liquid in water injection tank 1 and water injection tank 2, the salinity value of the liquid at both ends of the flow channel, that is, the salinity value at both ends of the salinity gradient curve, can be changed.

[0059] 17. The number of water inlets is not limited to two, the number of overflow ports is not limited to three, and the number of salinity sensors is not limited to five. The number and position of water inlets, overflow ports, and salinity sensors can be set according to actual needs.

Claims

1. A salinity gradient controllable device, characterized in that: include: A convection chamber (1) is provided with a partition plate 1 (2) and a partition plate 2 (3) in the convection chamber (1), and the partition plate 1 (2) and the partition plate 2 (3) divide the convection chamber (1) into a plurality of chambers, each chamber is sequentially connected in intervals up and down, forming a narrow and long flow channel that meanders up and down and left and right in the convection chamber (1), a water injection port and an overflow port are provided at the chamber openings at both ends of the flow channel, an overflow port is provided at the chamber opening in the middle of the flow channel, the overflow port is connected to an overflow pipe, and an overflow valve is provided on the overflow pipe; A water injection device for injecting water into the two water injection ports, comprising a water injection tank for storing brine, the water injection tank being connected to the water injection ports via a water injection pipe, the water injection pipe being provided with a flow regulating valve and a flow meter; a salinity sensor for monitoring salinity within the chamber; The salinity sensor, the flow regulating valve, the overflow valve, and the flow meter are connected to the control unit (28); Water injection ports are provided at the chamber openings at both ends of the flow channel; the water injection ports are connected to a water injection device, which includes a water injection tank, a water injection pipe, a flow regulating valve and a flow meter; the two water injection tanks are respectively filled with high-salinity salt water with a salinity of η1 and low-salinity salt water with a salinity of η2, wherein η2<η1, when η2 = At 0 o'clock, it is fresh water. The high-salinity salt water injection port is injection port 1 (4), the low-salinity salt water injection port is injection port 2 (5), the injection tank filled with high-salinity salt water with a salinity of η1 is injection tank 1 (21), the injection tank filled with low-salinity salt water with a salinity of η2 is injection tank 2 (22), the injection pipe of high-salinity salt water is injection pipe 1 (9), the injection pipe of low-salinity salt water is injection pipe 2 (10), the flow meter of high-salinity salt water is flow meter 1 (14), the flow meter of low-salinity salt water is flow meter 2 (15), the flow regulating valve of high-salinity salt water is flow regulating valve 1 (16), and the flow regulating valve of low-salinity salt water is flow regulating valve 2 (17).

2. The salinity gradient controllable device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Overflow ports are provided at both ends of the flow channel and at the opening of the chamber in the middle; the three overflow ports are each connected to an overflow pipe, and an overflow valve is provided on the overflow pipe; the overflow port at the high-salinity salt water injection port is overflow port 1 (6), and an overflow valve 1 (18) is provided on the corresponding overflow pipe (11); the overflow port at the low-salinity salt water injection port is overflow port 2 (7), and an overflow valve 2 (19) is provided on the corresponding overflow pipe (12); the overflow port at the opening of the chamber in the middle of the flow channel is overflow port 3 (8), and an overflow valve 3 (20) is provided on the corresponding overflow pipe (13).

3. The salinity gradient controllable device according to claim 1, wherein: There are five salinity sensors, three of which are located in cavities at three overflow ports, and the remaining two are located in the middle cavity between the three overflow ports.

4. The salinity gradient controllable device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The flow meters of the two water injection devices respectively monitor the injection rates of the high-salinity brine and the low-salinity brine in real time. The control unit (28) controls the opening size of the corresponding flow regulating valve and the switch state of the three overflow valves according to the monitored salinity gradient and injection rate, thereby controlling the injection rate and overflow position of the high-salinity brine and the low-salinity brine in the convection chamber.

5. The salinity gradient controllable device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Adjust the opening of the two flow regulating valves so that the injection rates of the two injection pipes are equal, that is, the high-salinity brine and the low-salinity brine are injected into the corresponding injection ports at the same rate; open the overflow valve three (20), close the overflow valve one (18) and the overflow valve two (19), and the high-salinity brine and the low-salinity brine will gradually diffuse to both ends of the flow channel after merging in the middle of the flow channel, and overflow through the overflow pipe where the overflow valve three (20) is located. When the convection diffusion rate and the injection rate reach equilibrium, a relatively stable salinity gradient can be formed in the convection chamber flow channel. At this time, the salinity at the overflow port one (6), the overflow port two (7), and the overflow port three (8) are η1, η2, and (η1+η2) / 2, respectively. By adjusting the opening of the two flow regulating valves, the changing trend of the salinity gradient curve can be controlled.

6. The salinity gradient controllable device according to claim 2, characterized in that: By opening the overflow valve 1 (18) and closing the overflow valve 2 (19) and the overflow valve 3 (20), the ebb tide phenomenon can be simulated; the salinity of the water in the flow channel gradually decreases due to the continuous injection of low-salinity salt water and the continuous overflow of high-salinity salt water. When the equilibrium state is reached, the salinity at the high-salinity salt water injection port is (η1 + η2) / 2, and the salinity at the low-salinity salt water injection port is η2; by adjusting the opening size of the two flow regulating valves, the changing trend of the salinity gradient curve can be controlled.

7. The salinity gradient controllable device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Open the overflow valve 2 (19), close the overflow valve 1 (18) and the overflow valve 3 (20), and the high tide phenomenon can be simulated; the salinity of the water in the flow channel gradually increases due to the continuous injection of high-salinity salt water and the continuous overflow of low-salinity salt water. When the equilibrium state is reached, the salinity at the high-salinity salt water injection port is η1, and the salinity at the low-salinity salt water injection port is (η1 + η2) / 2; By adjusting the opening of the two flow control valves, the changing trend of the salinity gradient curve can be controlled.

8. The salinity gradient controllable device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: By replacing the salt water in the water injection tank with other solutions of different concentrations, temperatures or densities, a specific concentration gradient, temperature gradient or density gradient with different properties can be formed in the device.

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