A seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut branch grafting

Abstract

The present invention discloses a seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut branch grafting, which belongs to the technical field of chestnut seedling raising. The method comprises the following steps: (1) scion picking and storage: collecting scions, wax-sealing and then storing them in a cellar for use; (2) rootstock treatment: applying compound bacterial fertilizer to the rootstock; (3) grafting: brushing treatment agent A on the rootstock after pretreatment; grafting the cellared scion onto the rootstock, and then wrapping the grafting interface with plastic film; (4) grafting interface treatment: removing the plastic film after 3 days, coating the grafting interface with treatment agent B, and then wrapping the grafting interface with plastic film again, and subsequently maintaining it according to conventional methods. By improving the grafting method, controlling the grafting process, reducing the adverse effects of bleeding fluid and pathogens on the grafting survival rate, promoting the healing of the grafting interface, and ensuring the nutrient transport of the rootstock to the scion, the chestnut grafting survival rate is improved, the problem of low chestnut survival rate after grafting by conventional methods is solved, the breeding of chestnut seedlings is accelerated, and the further development of the chestnut industry is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chestnut seedling cultivation, and in particular to a seedling cultivation method for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut branch grafting. Background Art

[0002] Chestnuts are one of my country's most important woody food species. They contain 25.60% to 68.27% starch, 6.03% to 25.23% sugar, 4.03% to 10.43% protein, 2.0% to 7.4% fat, and a variety of vitamins and minerals. Due to their high soluble sugar content, sweet and delicious flavor, and easy-to-peel seed coat, Chinese chestnuts are superior in quality to Japanese and European chestnuts, earning them a high reputation in the international market.

[0003] Chestnuts are highly adaptable and tolerant of infertility, and can be cultivated in most provinces and regions of northern and southern my country. They also produce fruit well in mountainous areas with relatively dry, low rainfall, or poor soil. Chestnut branches are difficult to root, making them difficult to propagate by cuttings or layering. Therefore, seed propagation and grafting are the main methods of seedling propagation in production. Seedlings grown from sows take a long time to reach fruiting stage, while grafted chestnut seedlings can be in production within 3-4 years of establishment, saving labor and time. Therefore, chestnut-producing areas that have long used seed propagation are now moving towards grafted vegetative varieties.

[0004] However, in the actual production process of chestnut grafted seedlings, the survival rate of conventional grafting methods is low, and bleeding sap will appear during the spring grafting of chestnuts, which hinders the material exchange between the rootstock and the scion, inhibits the physiological activity of cells at the interface, further reduces the grafting survival rate, and hinders the further development of the chestnut industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a seedling cultivation method for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut branch grafting, solving the problem of low chestnut survival rate after grafting by conventional methods, effectively improving the chestnut grafting survival rate, accelerating the breeding of chestnut seedlings, and promoting the further development of the chestnut industry.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut branch grafting is as follows:

[0008] (1) Picking and storage of scions: Collect chestnut branches that are healthy, have full buds, are well-organized, and are free of pests and diseases as scions. Seal the scions with wax and store them in a cellar at a temperature of 5°C to 6°C and a humidity of 80% to 90% for later use.

[0009] (2) Stock treatment: Apply compound bacterial fertilizer to the stock at a rate of 30-50 g / plant 2-3 months before grafting;

[0010] (3) Grafting: After pre-treating the rootstock, apply treatment agent A; then graft the stored scion onto the rootstock in the same way as branch grafting and wrap it with plastic film;

[0011] (4) Treatment of the grafting site: Remove the plastic film after 3 days, apply treatment agent B to the grafting site, and then wrap the grafting site again with the removed plastic film. Subsequently, perform maintenance according to conventional methods.

[0012] Furthermore, the scion is picked from a high-quality and high-yield chestnut fruiting branch with a length of 20 cm to 30 cm and a thickness of 0.5 cm to 1 cm, and is cut until there are 1 to 2 full buds on the scion band.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the composite bacterial fertilizer is as follows:

[0014] The ectophytic fungus is inoculated into a PDA culture medium and cultured in the dark at a temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 70% to 75% for 30 to 35 days. After the mycelium has fully grown on the plate, it is separated and washed three times with sterile water. Then, the sterile water and mycelium are mixed in a mass ratio of 25:1 and blended in a blender for 30 seconds to obtain a bacterial liquid. The bacterial liquid is poured into a substrate and cultured at 25°C for 30 days to obtain a solid bacterial agent. 40 mg to 60 mg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added to each kilogram of the solid bacterial agent and mixed evenly to obtain a composite bacterial fertilizer.

[0015] Furthermore, the fungus is any one of puffball, red mushroom, bolete, amanita, and agaricus.

[0016] Furthermore, the matrix is ​​obtained by mixing peat soil, vermiculite and river sand in a mass ratio of 3:2:1 and then sterilizing at a high temperature of 121° C. for 2 hours.

[0017] Furthermore, the stock pretreatment operation in step (3) is as follows:

[0018] Cut the stock 8cm to 10cm from the ground, flatten the cut, and then make a vertical cut about 3cm long and deep into the wood on the smooth side of the stock.

[0019] Furthermore, the grafting operation in step (3) is specifically as follows:

[0020] Take out the stored scion, cut a large bevel of 2.3cm to 2.7cm on one side, and cut a small bevel of 0.8cm to 1cm on the tip of the back of the bevel. Insert the large bevel of the scion into the cut of the rootstock so that the cambium layers of the two are aligned and closely connected, and then wrap it with plastic film.

[0021] Furthermore, the treatment agent A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0022] 2 to 5 parts of sodium nitrite, 1 to 3 parts of barium sulfate, 1 to 2 parts of potassium hydroxide, and 1 to 3 parts of sodium carbonate.

[0023] Furthermore, the treatment agent B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0024] 1-2 parts of chlorfenapyr, 1-2 parts of naphthoxyacetic acid, 2-3 parts of thiophanate-methyl, 30-40 parts of guar gum, 0.1-0.2 parts of sodium tetraborate, and 20-30 parts of anhydrous acetic acid.

[0025] Furthermore, the preparation method of the treatment agent A is as follows: sodium nitrite, barium sulfate, potassium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate are added into water and mixed evenly to obtain the treatment agent A.

[0026] Furthermore, the preparation method of the interface treatment agent B is: after mixing chlorpyrifos, naphthoxyacetic acid, methyl thiophanate and guar gum, add water and stir evenly, then add sodium tetraborate and stir for 2 minutes to 4 minutes, then add anhydrous acetic acid, stir evenly and let stand for 1 hour to 2 hours to obtain treatment agent B.

[0027] The present invention uses a composite bacterial fertilizer to treat the rootstock before grafting, so as to enhance the rootstock's absorption of nutrient elements, better transport nutrients to the scion in the later stage, and improve the grafting survival rate; then, the grafting port is treated with a treatment agent A, and the sodium nitrite and barium sulfate in the treatment agent A enter the interior of the rootstock and react with the bleeding fluid to induce ion hydration, thereby enhancing the interaction force between ions, thereby increasing the surface tension of the bleeding fluid inside the rootstock, reducing its flow rate, and slowing down the outflow of the bleeding fluid to the grafting port; further, potassium hydroxide and sodium carbonate react with the bleeding fluid to form an insoluble solid substance, reducing the diameter of the duct inside the rootstock, thereby inhibiting the subsequent outflow of the bleeding fluid with a slow flow rate, and avoiding excessive accumulation of bleeding fluid at the grafting port, causing damage to the grafting port and the scion, and resulting in a reduced survival rate.

[0028] After the grafting site gradually heals, the rootstock begins to transport nutrients to the scion. Continuously suppressing the ducts will hinder nutrient transport. Therefore, sodium tetraborate is added to guar gum to form a highly porous, highly adsorbable gel, which is then mixed with other raw materials to prepare treatment agent B, which is applied to the grafting site to absorb residual bleeding fluid. Simultaneously, the gel slowly releases anhydrous acetic acid into the rootstock to decompose the insoluble solid matter formed in the ducts, gradually restoring the duct diameter and allowing nutrients to be transported smoothly through the ducts, thereby ensuring nutrient supply to the scion. Furthermore, chlorfenapyr and naphthoxyacetic acid are added to treatment agent B to increase cell activity, accelerate cell division, promote cell enlargement and differentiation, thereby accelerating callus formation and promoting grafting site healing. Methyl thiophanate is added to kill pathogens and resist infection of the wound.

[0029] Through the combined action of various components in the treatment agent, the entire grafting process is controlled, the adverse effects of bleeding fluid, pathogens, etc. on the grafting survival rate are reduced, and the grafting site is promoted to heal better, ensuring the smooth transport of nutrients from the rootstock to the scion, effectively improving the chestnut grafting survival rate, solving the problem of low chestnut grafting survival rate under conventional methods, promoting chestnut seedling breeding, and better promoting the further development of the chestnut industry.

[0030] Beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The present invention uses compound bacterial fertilizer to treat the rootstock before chestnut grafting, thereby enhancing the plant's absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc, and copper, promoting seedling growth, improving the plant's stress resistance, enabling the rootstock to better transport nutrients to the scion, and improving the grafting survival rate.

[0032] 2. When chestnut grafting is performed in the present invention, treatment agent A is brushed on the grafting port to effectively inhibit the outflow of bleeding fluid, thereby preventing the bleeding fluid from accumulating at the grafting port and causing damage to the scion; and treatment agent B is applied to the grafting port 3 days after grafting, and the guar gum in treatment agent B forms a gel under the action of sodium tetraborate, thereby releasing acetic acid to enter the rootstock to decompose the insoluble substances formed under the action of treatment agent A, thereby ensuring that nutrients are smoothly transported to the scion in the later stage; and grafting is performed by branch grafting, so that the cambium of the rootstock and the scion are fully combined, thereby better improving the grafting survival rate.

[0033] 3. The present invention also adds chlorfenapyr, naphthoxyacetic acid and methyl thiophanate to the treatment agent B to promote callus formation and resist the infection of pathogens. Through the joint action of the various components in the treatment agent, the adverse effects of pathogens, bleeding fluid, etc. on the grafting survival rate are reduced, the chestnut grafting survival rate is effectively improved, the chestnut seedling breeding is accelerated, and the further development of the chestnut industry is promoted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 : This is a picture of the growth status of the grafted chestnut seedlings in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 : This is a picture of the grafted chestnut seedlings of Example 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0037] The present invention discloses a chestnut branch grafting seedling raising method. Before the chestnut branch grafting, a composite bacterial fertilizer is prepared. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0038] Boletus was inoculated into a PDA culture medium and cultured in the dark at a temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 75% for 32 days. After the mycelium fully grew on the plate, it was separated and washed three times with sterile water. The sterile water and mycelium were then mixed in a mass ratio of 25:1 and blended in a blender for 30 seconds to obtain a bacterial solution. Peat soil, vermiculite, and river sand were evenly mixed in a mass ratio of 3:2:1 and sterilized at 121°C for 2 hours to obtain a matrix. After the matrix was cooled, the bacterial solution was poured into the matrix, 40 ml of the bacterial solution was poured into each kilogram of the matrix, and the matrix was cultured at 25°C for 30 days to obtain a solid bacterial agent. 50 mg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was added to each kilogram of the solid bacterial agent and mixed evenly to obtain a composite bacterial fertilizer.

[0039] Then, the treatment agent was further prepared as shown below.

[0040] Example 1: Preparation of treatment agent

[0041] Preparation of treatment agent A: Weigh 3 g of sodium nitrite, 2 g of barium sulfate, 1.5 g of potassium hydroxide, and 2 g of sodium carbonate, add them into 850 g of water, and mix them evenly to prepare treatment agent A.

[0042] Preparation of treatment agent B: Weigh 1.5 g of chlorfenuron, 1.5 g of naphthoxyacetic acid, 2.5 g of thiophanate-methyl, and 35 g of guar gum, mix them, add 3.5 kg of water and stir evenly, then add 0.15 g of sodium tetraborate and stir for 3 minutes, then add 25 g of anhydrous acetic acid, stir evenly, and let stand for 1.5 hours to obtain treatment agent B.

[0043] Example 2: Preparation of treatment agent

[0044] Preparation of treatment agent A: Weigh 2 g of sodium nitrite, 1 g of barium sulfate, 1 g of potassium hydroxide, and 1 g of sodium carbonate, add them into 500 g of water, and mix them evenly to prepare treatment agent A.

[0045] Preparation of treatment agent B: Weigh 1 g of chlorfenuron, 1 g of naphthoxyacetic acid, 2 g of methyl thiophanate, and 30 g of guar gum, mix them, add 3 kg of water and stir evenly, then add 0.1 g of sodium tetraborate and stir for 2 minutes, then add 20 g of anhydrous acetic acid, stir evenly, and let stand for 1 hour to obtain treatment agent B.

[0046] Example 3: Preparation of treatment agent

[0047] Preparation of treatment agent A: Weigh 5 g of sodium nitrite, 3 g of barium sulfate, 2 g of potassium hydroxide, and 3 g of sodium carbonate, add them into 1.3 kg of water, and mix them evenly to prepare treatment agent A.

[0048] Preparation of treatment agent B: Weigh 2 g of chlorfenuron, 2 g of naphthoxyacetic acid, 3 g of methyl thiophanate, and 40 g of guar gum, mix them, add 4 kg of water and stir evenly, then add 0.2 g of sodium tetraborate and stir for 2 to 4 minutes, then add 30 g of anhydrous acetic acid, stir evenly, and let stand for 2 hours to obtain treatment agent B.

[0049] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of treatment agent

[0050] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that no sodium nitrite is added to the treatment agent A.

[0051] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of treatment agent

[0052] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that no barium sulfate is added to the treatment agent A.

[0053] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of treatment agent

[0054] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that potassium hydroxide is not added to the treatment agent A.

[0055] Comparative Example 4: Preparation of treatment agent

[0056] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that no sodium carbonate is added to the treatment agent A.

[0057] Comparative Example 5: Preparation of treatment agent

[0058] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that guar gum and sodium tetraborate are not added to the treatment agent B.

[0059] Example 4: Chestnut branch grafting seedling raising method

[0060] (1) Picking and storage of scions: In early February, chestnut fruiting branches with healthy growth, plump buds, full tissue, no pests and diseases, and a diameter of about 0.7 cm were collected as scions. The scions were cut to a length of about 25 cm with 1-2 plump buds. Both ends of the scions were dipped in wax and stored in a cellar at a temperature of 5°C and a humidity of 85% for later use.

[0061] (2) Stock treatment: Apply compound bacterial fertilizer to the stock at a rate of 40 g / plant 2 months before grafting;

[0062] (3) Grafting: Before the chestnuts sprout in mid-March, cut the rootstock about 9 cm from the ground, flatten the cut, and then cut a vertical incision about 3 cm long and deep into the wood on the smooth side of the rootstock. Use a brush dipped in the treatment agent A prepared in Example 1 to evenly brush the cut; take out the stored scion, cut a large bevel about 2.5 cm long on one side, and cut a small bevel about 1 cm on the tip of the back of the large bevel. Insert the large bevel of the scion inward into the incision of the rootstock so that the cambium layers of the two are aligned and closely connected, and then wrap it with plastic film;

[0063] (4) Treatment of the grafting site: After 3 days, the plastic film was removed and the grafting site was coated with the treatment agent B prepared in Example 1 in an amount of 100 g. The grafting site was then bandaged again with the removed plastic film. The treatment agent B needed to be completely covered during the bandaging process. The grafting site was then maintained according to conventional methods.

[0064] Comparative Example 6: Chestnut branch grafting seedling raising method

[0065] In contrast to Example 4, the difference is that in Comparative Example 6, treatment agent A is not used for treatment, but treatment agent B is directly applied 3 days after grafting.

[0066] Comparative Example 7: Chestnut branch grafting seedling raising method

[0067] In contrast to Example 4, the only difference is that the coating time of treatment agent B in Comparative Example 7 is 7 days after grafting.

[0068] Comparative Example 8: Chestnut branch grafting seedling raising method

[0069] In contrast to Example 4, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 8, the treatment agent B is applied immediately after grafting.

[0070] Comparative Example 9: Chestnut branch grafting seedling raising method

[0071] In contrast to Example 4, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 9, no compound bacterial fertilizer was applied during chestnut grafting seedling cultivation.

[0072] Experiment: Chestnut branch grafting seedling experiment

[0073] 1. The experiment was divided into 11 groups: experimental group 1, control groups 1 to 9, and a blank control group; experimental group 1 used the treatment agent prepared in Example 1 and the seedling raising method of Example 4; control groups 1 to 5 respectively used the treatment agents prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and the seedling raising method of Example 4; control groups 6 to 9 used the treatment agent prepared in Example 1 and the seedling raising methods of Comparative Examples 6 to 9 respectively; since the treatment agent B in Comparative Example 5 was not added with guar gum to prepare a gel state, the grafting site was directly sprayed, and the spraying amount was such that a layer was evenly sprayed to cover the grafting site; the blank control did not use a treatment agent, and the other method steps were the same as in Example 4.

[0074] 2. The experimental site was selected at the seedling base in Zhenfeng County, Qianxinan, Guizhou Province. The base is about 1145 meters above sea level, with a soil pH of 5.8-6.5, fertile soil, an average temperature of 15-17℃, an average annual sunshine hours of 1549h, and an average annual rainfall of 1220 mm. The management capacity within the base is relatively high.

[0075] 3. Two-year-old Zhenfeng chestnut seedlings with consistent growth conditions within the base were selected as rootstocks. Thirty trees were grafted in each group, with three replicates. The survival rate of the chestnuts was observed 40 days after grafting. The data are shown in Table 1:

[0076] Table 1

[0077]

[0078] Since the gel in treatment agent B is water-absorbent, the weight of treatment agent B before and after use can be weighed to indirectly indicate the bleeding fluid precipitation. The specific operation is: 5 grafted seedlings are randomly selected from experimental group 1, control groups 1-4, and control groups 7-9. After 10 days, treatment agent B is scraped off the grafted seedlings. This is repeated three times, and the average weight of each group is weighed. The data are shown in Table 2:

[0079] Table 2

[0080]

[0081] According to the data analysis in Table 1, we can see that:

[0082] The survival rates of control groups 1 and 2 were lower than those of experimental group 1 because sodium nitrite and barium sulfate were not added to treatment agent A in control groups 1 and 2. The surface tension of water in the bleeding sap was insufficient, the flow rate was faster, and more bleeding sap accumulated at the grafting site. The scion was damaged by the bleeding sap and died, resulting in a lower survival rate.

[0083] In control groups 3 and 4, treatment agent A did not contain potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, resulting in a weak blocking effect on the xylem vessels and failure to effectively inhibit the transport of bleeding sap, leading to excessive accumulation of bleeding sap at the grafting site, damage to the scion, and reduced survival rate. In control group 5, treatment agent B did not contain guar gum to form a gel, and the substances in treatment agent B were easily lost, with a short action time, resulting in the grafting site not being able to heal better, hindering the transfer of substances between the stock and scion, and pathogen infection damaging the grafting site, resulting in the death of the scion.

[0084] Compared with experimental group 1, the survival rate of control group 6 was significantly reduced. This was because control group 6 was not treated with treatment agent A, the surface tension of water in the bleeding sap did not increase, the flow rate was fast, and the diameter of the duct did not change, the outflow of the bleeding sap was not inhibited, resulting in excessive accumulation of bleeding sap at the grafting site, causing damage to the scion, resulting in a low graft survival rate; control group 7 was coated with treatment agent B 7 days after grafting. At this time, too much solid matter was formed in the duct, and the duct diameter was too small, so that the subsequent nutrient transport capacity was low, and the scion was unable to absorb nutrients and died; control group 8 was coated immediately at the grafting site. Due to the rapid action of acetic acid in the treatment agent on the solid matter in the duct, the duct diameter was not effectively reduced, and excessive outflow of bleeding sap damaged the scion, causing the scion to die and the survival rate was reduced; control group 9 did not use compound bacterial fertilizer to treat the rootstock, and the rootstock grew relatively poorly, which reduced the graft survival rate;

[0085] The survival rate of experimental group 1 was significantly higher than that of control groups 1 to 9 and the blank control group, indicating that sodium nitrite, barium sulfate, potassium hydroxide and sodium carbonate acted synergistically to reduce the flow rate of bleeding sap, hinder the outflow of bleeding sap, and effectively reduce the damage of bleeding sap to the grafting site; the subsequent treatment agent B released acetic acid to decompose the insoluble substances formed under the action of treatment agent A, ensuring the smooth transportation of nutrients in the later stage; at the same time, chlorpyrifos, naphthoxyacetic acid and methyl thiophanate were released to promote the formation of callus tissue at the grafting site and resist the invasion of pathogens. The components in the treatment agent worked together to reduce the adverse effects of bleeding sap and pathogen infection on the grafting survival rate, promote better healing of the grafting site, and ensure the nutrient supply of the scion, thereby effectively improving the survival rate of chestnut grafting.

[0086] According to the data analysis in Table 2:

[0087] The weight of the treatment agent B scraped off in the control group 6 increased significantly compared with that in the experimental group 1. This is because the control group 6 was not treated with treatment agent A, and the wound fluid was not effectively inhibited, resulting in excessive accumulation of wound fluid at the grafting site. The gel adsorbed too much wound fluid at the grafting site, resulting in an increase in weight. The weight of treatment agent B in the experimental group 1 was lower than that in the control groups 1-4 and 7-9, indicating that treatment with treatment agent A can effectively inhibit the outflow of wound fluid at the grafting site, thereby preventing excessive accumulation of wound fluid at the grafting site from damaging the scion and reducing the survival rate.

[0088] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalents shall be encompassed by the claims of the present invention. Any techniques, shapes, and structures not described in detail herein are well known.

Claims

1. A seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut branch grafting, characterized in that: The method is as follows: (1) Scion picking and storage: Collect scions, seal with wax and store in cellars for future use; (2) Rootstock treatment: Apply compound bacterial fertilizer to the rootstock 2 to 3 months before grafting; (3) Grafting: After pre-treatment of the rootstock, apply treatment agent A; then graft the stored scion onto the rootstock by branch grafting and wrap it with plastic film; (4) Grafting site treatment: Remove the plastic film after 3 days, apply treatment agent B to the grafting site, and then wrap the grafting site again with the removed plastic film. Follow up maintenance can be carried out according to conventional methods. The preparation method of the composite bacterial fertilizer is as follows: The exophytic fungus is inoculated into a culture medium and cultured in the dark until the mycelium covers the plate. The mycelium is separated, washed, and then sterile water and mycelium are mixed and crushed in a mass ratio of 25:1 to obtain a bacterial solution. The bacterial solution is poured into a substrate and cultured for 30 days to obtain a solid bacterial agent. The solid bacterial agent is evenly mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain a composite bacterial fertilizer. The exophytic fungus is any one of puffball, red mushroom, bolete, amanita, and pleurotus ostreatus; The treatment agent A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts sodium nitrite, 1-3 parts barium sulfate, 1-2 parts potassium hydroxide, 1-3 parts sodium carbonate; The treatment agent B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of chlorforchloramide, 1-2 parts of naphthoxyacetic acid, 2-3 parts of thiophanate-methyl, 30-40 parts of guar gum, 0.1-0.2 parts of sodium tetraborate, and 20-30 parts of anhydrous acetic acid.

2. A method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut grafting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scion is picked from high-quality and high-yield chestnut fruiting branches of 20 cm to 30 cm, with a thickness of 0.5 cm to 1 cm, and is cut until there are 1 to 2 full buds on the scion band.

3. A method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut grafting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stock pretreatment operation in step (3) is as follows: Cut the stock 8cm to 10cm from the ground, flatten the cut, and then make a vertical cut 3cm long and deep into the wood on the smooth side of the stock.

4. A seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut branch grafting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grafting operation in step (3) is specifically as follows: Take out the stored scion, cut a large bevel of 2.3cm to 2.7cm on one side, and cut a small bevel of 0.8cm to 1cm on the tip of the back of the bevel. Insert the large bevel of the scion into the cut of the rootstock so that the cambium layers of the two are aligned and closely connected, and then wrap it with plastic film.

5. A method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut grafting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the treatment agent A is as follows: sodium nitrite, barium sulfate, potassium hydroxide and sodium carbonate are added into water and mixed evenly to obtain the treatment agent A.

6. A method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of high-quality chestnut branch grafting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the treatment agent B is as follows: chlorfenapyr, naphthoxyacetic acid, methyl thiophanate and guar gum are mixed, water is added and stirred evenly, sodium tetraborate is then added and stirred for 2 to 4 minutes, and anhydrous acetic acid is added, the mixture is stirred evenly and the mixture is allowed to stand for 1 to 2 hours to obtain the treatment agent B.

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