Plant factory air supply pipeline, return air pipeline, ventilation pipeline and ventilation system

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of ventilation system, and provides a plant factory air supply pipeline, return air pipeline, ventilation pipeline and ventilation system, and the technical scheme is as follows: a cultivation plate with multiple plant planting baskets is placed on each layer of plant planting frame, an air supply pipeline is laid below each layer of cultivation plate, a plant growth LED lamp is arranged above each layer of cultivation plate, and a return air pipeline is laid above the plant growth LED lamp; the air supply pipeline and the return air pipeline both adopt a bionic structure, each stage of pipeline is connected with the next stage of pipeline with multiple branches, the air supply pipeline comprises a side air supply port and an upper air supply port, the upper air supply port is located above the last stage of air supply pipeline and uniformly supplies air upward, the side air supply port is located on both sides of the last stage of air supply pipeline and supplies air to the bottom of the planting basket, the return air pipeline comprises multiple return air ports, the return air ports are located below the last stage of return air pipeline and return air, and air flow formed among the side air supply port, the upper air supply port and the return air port passes through the plant growth LED lamp to realize air supply and cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ventilation systems, and particularly relates to a plant factory air supply duct, return air duct, ventilation duct and ventilation system. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Plant factories, as a resource-efficient agricultural production method, are of great significance in alleviating population, resource, and environmental pressures and significantly improving the utilization efficiency of unit resources.

[0004] Current plant factories have several limitations. For example, conventional environmental control methods lack the ability to regulate airflow between plants, making it difficult to create a uniform airflow field throughout the plant's microenvironment. This results in uneven temperature, humidity, and concentration fields, potentially leading to pests, heartburn, and other diseases, hindering healthy and rapid plant growth, and causing some crops to fail to meet factory standards. Furthermore, the artificial lighting used in plant factories, even with low-energy LED lights, converts 60%–70% of the electrical energy into heat, significantly increasing the air conditioning load on the plant factory. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the background art, the first aspect of the present invention provides a plant factory air supply duct, which delivers air evenly upward through the upper air outlet of the final stage air supply duct to regulate the temperature and humidity environment near the plant leaves, and delivers air into the bottom of the plant planting basket through the side air outlet of the final stage air supply duct to regulate the temperature near the plant roots.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A plant factory air supply duct includes a multi-layer plant planting rack, each layer of which holds a cultivation board with multiple plant baskets. An air supply duct is laid below each cultivation board. The air supply duct adopts a biomimetic structure, with each stage of the air supply duct connecting to the next stage air supply duct with multiple branches. The air supply duct includes side air outlets and top air outlets. The top air outlet is located above the last stage air supply duct and supplies air evenly upwards. The side air outlets are located on both sides of the last stage air supply duct and supply air to the bottom of the plant baskets.

[0008] In one implementation, the air supply duct adopts a biomimetic structure, and the length of the Kth-level branch air supply duct is... The hydraulic diameter of the Kth-level branch air supply duct is ,in, For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main air supply duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the air supply duct. This is the proportional coefficient for the diameter of the air supply duct.

[0009] In one implementation method, the air is supplied from the main air supply duct and then distributed to... The final stage of the air supply duct branches out from the air outlet to supply air to the planted crops.

[0010] In one implementation, the installation height of the side air outlet and the top air outlet does not exceed that of the plant planting basket.

[0011] This invention provides a plant factory air supply duct, return air duct, ventilation duct and ventilation system, which can precisely regulate the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration around the crops, and ensure that the microenvironment of all plants is highly uniform, thereby reducing air conditioning energy consumption and improving crop quality.

[0012] The second aspect of the present invention provides a return air duct for a plant factory, which works in conjunction with the supply air duct for the plant factory. The airflow formed between the side supply air outlet, the upper supply air outlet and the return air outlet passes through the plant growth LED lights, and is returned through the lower return air outlet of the final stage return air duct. Then, it returns to the air handling section or is discharged outdoors through the return air duct.

[0013] A return air duct for a plant factory includes a multi-layer plant growing rack, each layer of which holds a cultivation board with multiple plant growing baskets, and a plant growth LED light is installed above each cultivation board. A return air duct is laid above the plant growth LED light.

[0014] The return air duct adopts a biomimetic structure. Each stage of the return air duct is connected to the next stage of the supply air duct, which has multiple branches. The return air duct includes multiple return air inlets, which are located below the last stage of the return air duct for return air. The return air enters the return air duct from the return air inlets on the branches of the last stage of the return air duct and then converges into the main return air duct.

[0015] In one implementation, the return air duct adopts a biomimetic structure, and the length of the Kth-level branch return air duct is... The hydraulic diameter of the return air duct of the Kth branch is ,in For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main return air duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the return air duct. This is the proportional coefficient for the diameter of the return air duct.

[0016] A third aspect of the present invention provides a ventilation duct for a plant factory, wherein air is uniformly supplied upward through the upper air outlet of the final stage air supply duct to regulate the temperature and humidity environment near the plant leaves, and is supplied to the bottom of the plant planting basket through the side air outlet of the final stage air supply duct to regulate the temperature near the plant roots. The airflow formed between the side air outlet, the upper air outlet and the return air outlet passes through the plant growth LED lights, and is returned through the lower return air outlet of the final stage return air duct, and then returns to the air handling section or is discharged outdoors through the return air duct.

[0017] A ventilation duct for a plant factory includes a multi-layer plant growing rack, each layer of which holds a cultivation board with multiple plant growing baskets. An air supply duct is laid below each cultivation board, and a plant growth LED light is installed above it. A return air duct is laid above the plant growth LED light.

[0018] Both the supply and return air ducts adopt a biomimetic structure. Each stage of the duct connects to the next stage duct with multiple branches. The supply air duct includes side air outlets and top air outlets. The top air outlet is located above the last stage of the supply air duct, delivering air evenly upwards. The side air outlets are located on both sides of the last stage of the supply air duct, delivering air to the bottom of the planting basket. The return air duct includes multiple return air outlets located below the last stage of the return air duct, for returning air. The airflow formed between the side air outlets, top air outlets, and return air outlets passes through the plant growth LED lights to achieve air supply and cooling.

[0019] In one implementation, the air supply duct adopts a biomimetic structure, and the length of the Kth-level branch air supply duct is... The hydraulic diameter of the Kth-level branch air supply duct is ,in, For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main air supply duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the air supply duct. The supply air duct diameter ratio coefficient is used; the return air duct adopts a biomimetic structure, and the length of the Kth level branch return air duct is... The hydraulic diameter of the return air duct of the Kth branch is ,in For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main return air duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the return air duct. This is the proportional coefficient for the diameter of the return air duct.

[0020] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a ventilation system for a plant factory, comprising an air handling device and the ventilation duct described in the third aspect, wherein one end of the air handling device is connected to a supply air duct and the other end is connected to a return air duct.

[0021] In one embodiment, the air handling device includes multiple sections, which are, in sequence, an air inlet section, a primary filter section, a preheating section, a first-stage cooling section, a humidification section, a carbon dioxide addition section, a second-stage cooling section, a fan section, a reheating section, a medium-efficiency filter section, and an air outlet section. The air outlet section is connected to the air supply duct, and the air inlet section is connected to the return air duct.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The air supply duct of the present invention adopts a biomimetic structure. Each stage of the air supply duct is connected to the next stage of the air supply duct with multiple branches. The air supply duct includes a side air outlet and an upper air outlet. The upper air outlet is located above the last stage of the air supply duct and supplies air evenly upwards. The side air outlets are located on both sides of the last stage of the air supply duct and supply air to the bottom of the planting basket to regulate the temperature near the plant roots.

[0024] 2. The return air duct of the present invention adopts a biomimetic structure. Each stage of the return air duct is connected to the next stage of the supply air duct with multiple branches. The return air duct includes multiple return air inlets. The return air inlets are located below the last stage of the return air duct for return air. The return air enters the return air duct from the return air inlets on the branches of the last stage of the return air duct and then converges to the main return air duct for return air.

[0025] 3. This invention delivers air evenly upwards through the upper air outlet of the final stage air supply duct, regulating the temperature and humidity environment near the plant leaves. The air is then delivered to the bottom of the plant basket through the side air outlet of the final stage air supply duct, regulating the temperature near the plant roots. The airflow formed between the side air outlet, upper air outlet, and return air outlet passes through the plant growth LED lights and is returned through the lower return air outlet of the final stage return air duct. The air then returns to the air handling section or is exhausted outdoors through the return air duct, achieving the dual purpose of air supply and cooling. This allows for precise control of the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration around the crops, ensuring a high degree of uniformity in the microenvironment of all plants, thus reducing air conditioning energy consumption while improving crop quality.

[0026] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the plant factory ventilation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2This is a plan view of the air supply duct system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the air supply duct provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional view of the air supply duct provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the return air duct system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the return air duct provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a partial three-dimensional view of the return air duct provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the air supply and return ductwork inside a single-layer plant planting rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the air handling device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] The components include: 1. Planting area; 101. Planting rack; 102. Cultivation board; 2. Air handling unit; 201. Air inlet section; 202. Primary filter section; 203. Preheating section; 204. First-stage surface cooling section; 205. Humidification section; 206. Carbon dioxide addition section; 207. Second-stage surface cooling section; 208. Fan section; 209. Reheating section; 210. Medium-efficiency filter section; 211. Air outlet section; 3. Air supply duct; 301. Main air supply duct; 302. Final stage air supply duct; 303. Side air outlet; 304. Top air outlet; 4. Plant growth LED lights; 5. Return air duct; 501. Main return air duct; 502. Final stage return air duct; 503. Return air outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0040] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0041] In this invention, terms such as "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, indicating a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can determine the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances, and they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving ventilation system for a plant factory, including a planting area 1 and an air handling unit 2. A multi-layer plant growing rack 101 is set in the planting area 1. Each layer of plant growing rack 101 holds a cultivation board 102 with multiple plant growing baskets. An air supply duct 3 is laid below each cultivation board 102, and a plant growth LED light 4 is installed above it. A return air duct 5 is laid above the plant growth LED light 4. One end of the air handling unit 2 is connected to the air supply duct 3, and the other end is connected to the return air duct 5.

[0043] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a plan view of the air supply ductwork. Figure 3 For a 3D diagram of the air supply duct, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the air supply duct 3 includes multi-stage air supply ducts and multiple air outlets. Each stage of return air duct connects to the next stage air supply duct with multiple branches. The air outlets are laid in the middle and at the edge of adjacent cultivation boards 102 with multiple plant planting baskets. The air outlets include side air outlets 303 and upper air outlets 304. The upper air outlet 304 is located above the last stage air supply duct 302 and supplies air evenly upwards. The side air outlets 303 are located on both sides of the last stage air supply duct 302 and supply air to the bottom of the planting baskets to regulate the temperature near the plant roots.

[0044] Furthermore, the air supply and distribution system of the air supply duct 3 adopts a biomimetic structure, with each stage of the air supply duct having two branches leading to the next stage. The length of the Kth stage branch air supply duct is... The hydraulic diameter of the Kth-level branch air supply duct is ,in, For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main air supply duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the air supply duct. This is the proportional coefficient for the diameter of the air supply duct. After being delivered from the main air supply duct 301, the air is distributed to... The final stage air supply duct 302 branches supply air to the planted crops from the air outlet.

[0045] In this embodiment, Take 2, The value range is 1 to 9. The value range is 2 to 8.

[0046] If the height of each plant planting basket is 0.1m, and it is placed on each plant planting rack 101, the air supply duct 3 adopts a biomimetic structure and is laid at a height of 0.05m from the plant planting rack of this layer, not exceeding the height of the plant planting basket.

[0047] like Figure 2 The length of the main air supply duct It is 10.80m long and has a diameter of 10.80m. It is 0.05m, the length ratio factor. Take 2, diameter ratio factor Taking 3, the length of the first-stage air supply duct is calculated. The length of the second-stage air supply duct is 7.64m. The length of the third-stage air supply duct is 5.40m. The length of the fourth-stage air supply duct is 3.82m. The length of the fifth-stage air supply duct is 2.70m. The length of the sixth-stage air supply duct is 1.91m. The diameter is 1.35m; the hydraulic diameter of the first-stage air supply duct is... The hydraulic diameter of the second-stage air supply duct is 0.04m. The hydraulic diameter of the third-stage air supply duct is 0.03m. The hydraulic diameter of the fourth-stage air supply duct is 0.03m. The hydraulic diameter of the fifth-stage air supply duct is 0.02m. The hydraulic diameter of the sixth-stage air supply duct is 0.02m. It is 0.01m.

[0048] It is understood that in other embodiments, those skilled in the art can make their own settings according to the specific working conditions, which will not be described in detail here.

[0049] like Figure 5 The diagram shown is a plan view of the return air duct. Figure 6 A 3D diagram of the return air duct, such as Figures 5-7As shown, the return air duct 5 is laid above the plant growth LED light 4. The return air duct 5 includes multiple stages of return air ducts and multiple return air inlets. Each stage of return air duct is connected to the next stage of return air duct with multiple branches. The return air inlet 503 is located below the last stage of return air duct 502 to return air. The airflow formed between the side air outlet 303, the upper air outlet 304 and the return air inlet passes through the plant growth LED light 4, achieving the dual purpose of air supply and cooling.

[0050] The return air distribution system of the return air duct 5 adopts a biomimetic structure: each stage of the return air duct connects to the next stage of the return air duct, which has branches. The length of the first-level branch return air duct is , No. The hydraulic diameter of the branch return air duct is ,in For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main return air duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the return air duct. This is the proportional coefficient for the return air duct diameter. Return air is supplied by... After the return air enters the return air duct from the return air inlet on the last-stage return air duct branch, it converges into the main return air duct and is finally discharged outdoors or enters the air handling unit for circulation.

[0051] In this embodiment, Take 2, The value range is 1 to 9. The value range is 2 to 8.

[0052] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the LED lights for plant growth are installed 0.3m above the plant racks on this floor. The return air duct adopts a biomimetic structure and is installed above the LED lights, 0.5m above the plant racks on this floor. The length of the main return air duct is... It is 10.50m, hydraulic diameter It is 0.04m, and the length ratio factor is... Take 2, diameter ratio factor Take 3. Calculate the length of the first-stage return air duct. The length of the second-stage return air duct is 7.42m. The length of the third-stage return air duct is 5.25m. The length of the fourth-stage return air duct is 3.71m. The length of the fifth-stage return air duct is 2.65m. The length of the sixth-stage return air duct is 1.86m. The hydraulic diameter of the first-stage return air duct is 1.31m. The hydraulic diameter of the second-stage return air duct is 0.03m. The hydraulic diameter of the third-stage return air duct is 0.03m. The hydraulic diameter of the fourth-stage return air duct is 0.02m. The hydraulic diameter of the fifth-stage return air duct is 0.02m. The hydraulic diameter of the sixth-stage return air duct is 0.01m. It is 0.01m.

[0053] It is understood that in other embodiments, those skilled in the art can make their own settings according to the specific working conditions, which will not be described in detail here.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, the air handling section 2 includes the following functional sections: air inlet section 201, primary filter section 202, preheating section 203, first-stage cooling section 204, humidification section 205, carbon dioxide addition section 206, second-stage cooling section 207, fan section 208, reheating section 209, medium-efficiency filter section 210, and air outlet section 211.

[0055] The working process of the high-efficiency and energy-saving ventilation system for plant factories of this invention is as follows:

[0056] like Figure 8 As shown, outdoor fresh air is treated by the air handling unit and then evenly distributed upwards through the upper air outlet of the final stage air supply duct to regulate the temperature and humidity environment near the plant leaves. It is then sent to the bottom of the plant basket through the side air outlet of the final stage air supply duct to regulate the temperature near the plant roots. The airflow formed between the side air outlet, the upper air outlet, and the return air outlet passes through the plant growth LED lights and is returned through the lower return air outlet of the final stage return air duct. Finally, it returns to the air handling unit or is exhausted outdoors through the return air duct.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation duct for a plant factory, characterized in that, The device includes a multi-layer plant growing rack, with each layer containing a cultivation board with multiple plant baskets. An air supply duct is laid below each cultivation board. The air supply duct adopts a biomimetic structure, with each stage of the air supply duct connecting to the next stage air supply duct with multiple branches. The air supply duct includes side air outlets and top air outlets. The top air outlet is located above the last stage air supply duct and supplies air evenly upwards. The side air outlets are located on both sides of the last stage air supply duct and supply air to the bottom of the plant baskets. The length of the Kth-level branch air supply duct of the air supply duct is The hydraulic diameter of the Kth-level branch air supply duct is ,in, For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main air supply duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the air supply duct. This is the proportional coefficient for the diameter of the air supply duct.

2. The air supply duct for a plant factory as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After being delivered from the main air supply duct, the air is distributed to... The final stage of the air supply duct branches out from the air outlet to supply air to the planted crops.

3. The air supply duct for a plant factory as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The installation height of the side air outlets and the top air outlets shall not exceed that of the plant planting basket.

4. A return air duct for a plant factory, characterized in that, It includes a multi-layer plant growing rack, with a cultivation board containing multiple plant growing baskets placed on each layer of the plant growing rack, and a plant growth LED light installed above each cultivation board, with a return air duct laid above the plant growth LED light; The return air duct adopts a biomimetic structure. Each stage of the return air duct is connected to the next stage of the supply air duct with multiple branches. The return air duct includes multiple return air inlets. The return air inlets are located below the last stage of the return air duct for return air. The return air enters the return air duct from the return air inlets on the branches of the last stage of the return air duct and then converges into the main return air duct. The length of the Kth-level branch return air duct of the return air duct is The hydraulic diameter of the return air duct of the Kth branch is ,in For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main return air duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the return air duct. This is the proportional coefficient for the diameter of the return air duct.

5. A ventilation duct for a plant factory, characterized in that, It includes a multi-layer plant growing rack, with a cultivation board containing multiple plant growing baskets placed on each layer of the plant growing rack. An air supply duct is laid under each cultivation board, and a plant growth LED light is installed above it. A return air duct is laid above the plant growth LED light. Both the supply air duct and the return air duct adopt a biomimetic structure. Each stage of the duct connects to the next stage duct with multiple branches. The supply air duct includes side air outlets and top air outlets. The top air outlet is located above the last stage of the supply air duct and supplies air evenly upwards. The side air outlets are located on both sides of the last stage of the supply air duct and supply air to the bottom of the planting basket. The return air duct includes multiple return air outlets. The return air outlets are located below the last stage of the return air duct and return air outlets to return air. The airflow formed between the side air outlets, the top air outlets, and the return air outlets passes through the plant growth LED lights to achieve air supply and cooling. The length of the Kth-level branch air supply duct of the air supply duct is The hydraulic diameter of the Kth-level branch air supply duct is ,in, For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main air supply duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the air supply duct. This is the proportional coefficient for the diameter of the air supply duct; The length of the Kth-level branch return air duct of the return air duct is The hydraulic diameter of the return air duct of the Kth branch is ,in For the number of branches, , These are the length and hydraulic diameter of the main return air duct, respectively. This is a proportional coefficient for the length of the return air duct. This is the proportional coefficient for the diameter of the return air duct.

6. A ventilation system for a plant factory, characterized in that, It includes an air handling unit and the ventilation duct of claim 5, wherein one end of the air handling unit is connected to a supply air duct and the other end is connected to a return air duct.

7. A plant factory ventilation system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The air handling unit comprises multiple sections, which are, in sequence, an air inlet section, a primary filter section, a preheating section, a first-stage cooling section, a humidification section, a carbon dioxide addition section, a second-stage cooling section, a fan section, a reheating section, a medium-efficiency filter section, and an air outlet section. The air outlet section is connected to the air supply duct, and the air inlet section is connected to the return air duct.

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