Monitoring systems, methods, devices, media, and computers based on spherical ultrasound

Abstract

This invention discloses a monitoring system, method, device, medium, and computer based on spherical ultrasound, applicable to nuclear power plants, and relating to the field of concrete structure damage monitoring technology. The system includes: an ultrasonic detection module comprising an ultrasonic transmitting unit and an ultrasonic receiving unit, an acquisition and transmission module, and an analysis and early warning module. The ultrasonic transmitting unit and the ultrasonic receiving unit are located at different positions within the containment vessel. The ultrasonic receiving unit receives the detection ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting unit through the containment vessel and generates ultrasonic waveform data. The acquisition and transmission module is connected to both the ultrasonic detection module and the analysis and early warning module, receiving ultrasonic waveform data from the ultrasonic detection module and sending it to the analysis and early warning module. The analysis and early warning module then detects crack status information in the containment vessel based on the ultrasonic waveform data. This system can significantly enhance the monitoring capability for harmful cracks in the containment vessel of nuclear power plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete structure damage monitoring technology, and in particular to a monitoring system, method, device, medium, and computer based on spherical ultrasound. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, especially the continuous improvement of nuclear power generation technology, countries around the world are vigorously accelerating the development of nuclear power energy. The number of nuclear power plants already built or under construction is increasing, and nuclear power energy plays a vital role in filling the electricity demand of the entire society. Therefore, the safety monitoring of nuclear power plants is crucial. Among these structures, the containment vessel is one of the most important buildings in a nuclear power plant. As the last line of defense against nuclear radiation leakage, the safety and sealing of the containment vessel are extremely important. However, because the containment vessel structure is generally a large-volume concrete structure, the difficulty in controlling the heat of hydration during the pouring process makes it prone to internal micro-cracks. These micro-cracks can then develop into harmful cracks during the service life of the containment vessel, seriously jeopardizing the structural safety and sealing. Therefore, conducting crack monitoring during the normal service life of the containment vessel is a crucial part of nuclear power plant safety monitoring.

[0003] However, existing containment monitoring systems typically require sensors for detecting harmful cracks to be pre-embedded within the containment structure. Therefore, if these sensors or the cables connecting them malfunction, the sensors will be unable to acquire crack data, thus affecting the monitoring results for harmful cracks in the containment. Furthermore, because damaged sensors and other components are embedded within the containment structure, they cannot be replaced or repaired, resulting in insufficient capability for detecting harmful cracks in the nuclear power plant's containment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a monitoring system, method, device, medium and computer based on spherical ultrasound, the main purpose of which is to solve the technical problem of low monitoring capability for harmful cracks in the containment vessel of nuclear power plants.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a monitoring system based on spherical ultrasound is provided for use in a nuclear power plant, the system comprising:

[0006] At least one ultrasonic detection module, each ultrasonic detection module including an ultrasonic transmitting unit and an ultrasonic receiving unit, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting unit is disposed at a preset ultrasonic transmitting position on the containment vessel for transmitting detection ultrasonic waves to the containment vessel, and the ultrasonic receiving unit is disposed at a preset ultrasonic receiving position on the containment vessel for receiving the detection ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting unit from the containment vessel and generating ultrasonic waveform data based on the detection ultrasonic waves.

[0007] The acquisition and transmission module has its signal transmitting end connected to the signal receiving end of the ultrasonic transmitting unit for driving the ultrasonic transmitting unit to emit detection ultrasonic waves, and its signal receiving end connected to the signal transmitting end of the ultrasonic receiving unit for acquiring the ultrasonic waveform data.

[0008] An analysis and early warning module is provided, which establishes a communication connection with the acquisition and transmission module via a wireless signal, and is used to control the acquisition and transmission module to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit to emit detection ultrasonic waves;

[0009] The analysis and early warning module is also used to receive the ultrasonic waveform data and detect the crack status information of the containment vessel based on the ultrasonic waveform data.

[0010] Optionally, the ultrasonic transmitting unit and the ultrasonic receiving unit each include: a soft rubber for conducting the detection ultrasonic waves; a spherical transducer encased in the soft rubber for transmitting or receiving the detection ultrasonic waves, the spherical transducer being connected to the acquisition and transmission module; and a transducer housing, which is a cylinder with a cavity, one bottom surface of which has an opening communicating with the cavity, the bottom surface where the opening is located being mounted on the containment vessel; the soft rubber and the spherical transducer are disposed within the cavity of the transducer housing so that when the transducer housing is mounted on the containment vessel, the soft rubber is tightly connected to the containment vessel.

[0011] Optionally, the ultrasonic transmitting unit and the ultrasonic receiving unit further include: a spring, the first end of which is connected to a bottom surface in the cavity opposite to the bottom surface where the opening is located; and a clamping partition, which is disposed in the cavity and divides the cavity into a first space for arranging the soft rubber and the spherical transducer, and a second space for arranging the spring, the second end of which is connected to the partition surface of the clamping partition facing the second space, so that the clamping partition can move in the cavity in a direction perpendicular to the opening.

[0012] Optionally, the acquisition and transmission module includes: a wireless signal transmission device; a transmission controller, the signal receiving end of which is connected to the signal transmitting end of the wireless signal transmission device, and the signal transmitting end of the transmission controller is connected to the signal receiving end of the ultrasonic transmitting unit, for driving the ultrasonic transmitting unit to emit detection ultrasonic waves; a signal collector, the signal receiving end of which is connected to the signal transmitting end of the ultrasonic receiving unit, and the signal transmitting end of the signal collector is connected to the signal receiving end of the wireless signal transmission device, for transmitting the ultrasonic waveform data to the wireless signal transmission device; the analysis and early warning module includes: a wireless signal receiver... The system includes a wireless transceiver device, which establishes a connection with the wireless signal transmission device via a wireless signal; a control system module, whose signal interaction terminal is connected to the first signal interaction terminal of the wireless transceiver device, for controlling the acquisition and transmission module to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit to emit detection ultrasonic waves; an early warning processing module, whose signal interaction terminal is connected to the second signal interaction terminal of the wireless transceiver device, for detecting the crack status information of the containment based on the ultrasonic waveform data; and a remote communication port for connecting to a remote host computer and sending the crack status information to the host computer.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a monitoring method based on spherical ultrasound is provided, applied to the analysis and early warning module of the above-mentioned spherical ultrasound-based monitoring system, the method comprising:

[0014] The acquisition and transmission module drives the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the ultrasonic detection module to emit detection ultrasonic waves toward the containment, and acquires the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of the ultrasonic detection module based on the received detection ultrasonic waves.

[0015] The acoustic parameter values ​​of the probe ultrasound received by the ultrasonic receiving unit are determined based on the ultrasonic waveform data.

[0016] The acoustic parameter values ​​are compared with pre-stored reference acoustic parameter values ​​to determine whether the difference between the acoustic parameter values ​​and the reference acoustic parameter values ​​is within a preset numerical range.

[0017] If the difference between the acoustic parameter value and the reference acoustic parameter value is not within the specified range, then the crack condition information of the containment is determined to be a state of harmful cracks.

[0018] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a monitoring device based on spherical ultrasound is provided, the device comprising:

[0019] An acoustic transceiver module is used to enable the acquisition and transmission module to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the ultrasonic detection module to transmit detection ultrasonic waves to the containment, and to acquire the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of the ultrasonic detection module based on the received detection ultrasonic waves.

[0020] The parameter determination module is used to determine the acoustic parameter values ​​of the probe ultrasonic waves received by the ultrasonic receiving unit based on the ultrasonic waveform data.

[0021] The numerical comparison module is used to compare the acoustic parameter value with a pre-stored reference acoustic parameter value to determine whether the difference between the acoustic parameter value and the reference acoustic parameter value is within a preset numerical range.

[0022] The state determination module is used to determine that the crack state information of the containment is a state of harmful cracks if the difference between the acoustic parameter value and the reference acoustic parameter value is not within the range of the values.

[0023] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described spherical ultrasound-based monitoring method.

[0024] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a computer is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the above-described spherical ultrasound-based monitoring method.

[0025] This invention provides a monitoring system, method, apparatus, medium, and computer based on spherical ultrasound. It includes at least one ultrasonic detection module. An ultrasonic transmitting unit within the ultrasonic detection module, positioned at the ultrasonic emission location within the containment vessel, transmits detection ultrasonic waves to the containment vessel. As the detection ultrasonic waves propagate within the containment vessel, cracks along the propagation path affect parameters such as wavelength and amplitude, causing changes in these parameters. This results in differences in wavelength and amplitude between detection ultrasonic waves propagating through cracks and those without. Furthermore, an ultrasonic receiving unit converts the received detection ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic waveform data containing wavelength and amplitude parameters. This waveform data is then transmitted via an acquisition and transmission module to an analysis and early warning module, enabling the analysis and early warning module to determine the crack status within the containment vessel based on the ultrasonic waveform data. The technical solution provided in this application can detect whether there are harmful cracks in the containment when the ultrasonic detection module is set on the surface of the containment. It can replace and repair the ultrasonic transmitting unit and ultrasonic receiving unit without damaging the containment, ensuring that the system can monitor the presence of harmful cracks in the containment at any time, and significantly enhancing the ability to monitor harmful cracks in the containment of nuclear power plants.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a monitoring system based on spherical ultrasound provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the structure of an ultrasonic transmitting unit and an ultrasonic receiving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of another ultrasonic transmitting unit and an ultrasonic receiving unit according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another monitoring system based on spherical ultrasound provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic flowchart of a monitoring method based on spherical ultrasound provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a monitoring device based on spherical ultrasound provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present application can be combined with each other.

[0035] Existing containment monitoring systems typically require sensors for detecting harmful cracks to be pre-embedded within the containment structure. Therefore, if these sensors or the cables connecting them malfunction, the sensors will be unable to acquire crack data, thus affecting the monitoring results for harmful cracks in the containment. Furthermore, because damaged sensors and other components are embedded within the containment structure, they cannot be replaced or repaired, resulting in insufficient capability for detecting harmful cracks in the nuclear power plant's containment.

[0036] To address the above problems, in one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a monitoring system based on spherical ultrasound is provided. Taking the application of this system to a computer device for monitoring the containment of a nuclear power plant as an example, the system includes at least one ultrasonic detection module 110, an acquisition and transmission module 120, and an analysis and early warning module 130.

[0037] Specifically, each ultrasonic detection module 110 includes an ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 and an ultrasonic receiving unit 120. The ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 and ultrasonic receiving unit 120 may include a spherical transducer for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 is positioned at a predetermined ultrasonic transmitting location on the containment vessel (not shown in the figure) to transmit detection ultrasonic waves to the containment vessel. The ultrasonic receiving unit 112 is positioned at a predetermined ultrasonic receiving location on the containment vessel to receive the detection ultrasonic waves transmitted by the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 from the containment vessel and generate ultrasonic waveform data based on the detection ultrasonic waves. Here, both the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 and the ultrasonic receiving unit 112 can be ultrasonic transceivers or other ultrasonic transceiver devices. The ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 attaches its ultrasonic transmitting portion to the surface of the containment vessel and transmits ultrasonic waves to the containment vessel. Furthermore, the ultrasonic transmitting location can be determined according to actual conditions, with a specific location on the surface of the containment vessel designated as the ultrasonic transmitting location. Furthermore, the ultrasonic receiving unit 112 attaches its ultrasonic receiving portion, used for emitting ultrasonic waves, to the surface of the containment vessel to receive ultrasonic waves transmitted by the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 and propagating through the containment vessel. Furthermore, the ultrasonic receiving position can be determined according to actual conditions, with a specific location on the containment vessel surface designated as the ultrasonic receiving position. Each ultrasonic detection module 110's ultrasonic transmitting position can correspond to one ultrasonic receiving position. The number of ultrasonic transmitting and receiving positions can be determined based on the number of ultrasonic detection modules, and the method of setting the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving positions can be determined according to actual conditions. Furthermore, the ultrasonic waveform data can be the electrical signal of the ultrasonic waveform converted from the vibration signal of the detected ultrasonic waves by the ultrasonic receiving unit 112, used for subsequent signal transmission. The ultrasonic waveform data can include information such as the waveform and amplitude of the received detected ultrasonic waves.

[0038] Furthermore, the signal transmitting end of the acquisition and transmission module 120 is connected to the signal receiving end of the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111, and is used to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 to emit detection ultrasonic waves. Specifically, the acquisition and transmission module 120 can send control signals containing parameters such as wavelength and amplitude of the detection ultrasonic waves to be emitted to the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111, so that when the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 receives the control signals, it can generate detection ultrasonic waves with the same wavelength, amplitude, and other parameters as those contained in the control signals. The acquisition and transmission module 120 and the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 can be connected via physical cables such as Ethernet cables or data buses, which is not limited here. Furthermore, the signal receiving end of the acquisition and transmission module 120 is connected to the signal transmitting end of the ultrasonic receiving unit 112, and is used to acquire the ultrasonic waveform data. The acquisition and transmission module 120 and the ultrasonic receiving unit 112 can be connected via physical cables such as Ethernet cables or data buses, which is not limited here.

[0039] Furthermore, the analysis and early warning module 130 establishes a communication connection with the acquisition and transmission module 120 via a wireless signal, and controls the acquisition and transmission module 120 to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 to emit detection ultrasonic waves. Here, the number of acquisition and transmission modules 120 can be one or more, and each acquisition and transmission module 120 can connect to and control at least one ultrasonic detection module 110. Specifically, the analysis and early warning module 130 can issue ultrasonic wave emission commands and parameters such as the wavelength and amplitude of the detection ultrasonic waves to be emitted at fixed intervals according to a user-defined monitoring frequency, and control the acquisition and transmission module 120 to emit control signals to the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 to generate detection ultrasonic waves.

[0040] Furthermore, the analysis and early warning module 130 is also used to receive the ultrasonic waveform data and detect the crack status information of the containment vessel based on the ultrasonic waveform data. Specifically, the analysis and early warning module 130 can acquire the ultrasonic waveform data through the acquisition and transmission module 120, and the crack status information can include whether harmful cracks exist or not. Specifically, the analysis and early warning module 130 can receive the ultrasonic waveform data transmitted by the ultrasonic receiving unit 112 from the acquisition and transmission module 120 and determine the wavelength and amplitude parameters of the ultrasonic wave being detected. The wavelength and amplitude parameters of the received ultrasonic wave are compared with the wavelength and amplitude parameters of the pre-stored standard ultrasonic wave. If the difference between the wavelength and amplitude parameters of the received ultrasonic wave and the pre-stored local parameters exceeds a preset range, it can be determined that there are harmful cracks in the containment at the location of the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 and the ultrasonic receiving unit 120 corresponding to the received ultrasonic wave. Conversely, if the difference between the wavelength and amplitude parameters of the received ultrasonic wave and the pre-stored local parameters does not exceed a preset range, it can be determined that there are no harmful cracks in the containment at the location of the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 and the ultrasonic receiving unit 120 corresponding to the received ultrasonic wave.

[0041] Here, the local parameters such as wavelength and amplitude of the standard detection ultrasonic wave can be obtained in advance through experiments or simulations for the ultrasonic wave emitting position and ultrasonic wave receiving position where each ultrasonic detection module 110 is located. If an ultrasonic detection module 110 needs to be set at a certain ultrasonic wave emitting position and ultrasonic wave receiving position, it can be determined through experiments or simulations that when there are no harmful cracks in the containment between the ultrasonic wave emitting position and the ultrasonic wave receiving position, the detection ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic wave emitting position is received by the receiving end of the ultrasonic wave receiving position through the containment. The values ​​of the wavelength and amplitude parameters are then determined as the local parameters such as wavelength and amplitude of the standard detection ultrasonic wave. In other words, in the absence of harmful cracks, the detection ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic wave emitting position corresponding to the ultrasonic detection module 110 and received by the ultrasonic wave receiving position should have the correct wavelength or amplitude parameters. The principle is as follows: When a detection ultrasonic wave propagates within the containment, cracks in the propagation path affect the wavelength and amplitude of the ultrasonic wave, causing these parameters to change. This results in differences in the wavelength and amplitude of the ultrasonic wave propagating through a crack compared to one without. Furthermore, the ultrasonic receiving unit converts the received ultrasonic wave into ultrasonic waveform data containing wavelength and amplitude parameters, and transmits this data via the acquisition and transmission module 120 to the analysis and early warning module 130. The analysis and early warning module 130 uses this data to determine the crack status of the containment. If the wavelength and amplitude of the actually received ultrasonic wave deviate significantly from the local parameters of the standard ultrasonic wave, a harmful crack is identified in the containment. Further, if a crack is identified based on the ultrasonic waveform data of a particular ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic transmission and reception positions of the ultrasonic detection module 110 are recorded. These positions are then used to determine the location of the crack, and the time the crack was detected is also recorded.

[0042] The spherical ultrasound-based monitoring system provided in this application can detect the presence of harmful cracks in the containment vessel by placing the ultrasonic detection module on the surface of the containment vessel. It can also replace and repair the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving units without damaging the containment vessel, ensuring that the system can monitor the presence of harmful cracks in the containment vessel at any time, thus significantly enhancing the monitoring capability for harmful cracks in the containment vessel of nuclear power plants.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the ultrasonic transmitting unit and the ultrasonic receiving unit have the same structure, each including a soft rubber 210, a spherical transducer 220, and a transducer housing 230. Specifically, the shape of the soft rubber 210 can be changed to conduct the probe ultrasonic waves; the spherical transducer 220 is spherical in shape and can convert the input electrical power into mechanical power (i.e., probe ultrasonic waves), or convert the received mechanical power into an electrical signal as ultrasonic waveform data. The spherical transducer 220 can receive ultrasonic waves over a wider angular range. Furthermore, the spherical transducer 220 is enclosed within the soft rubber 210 for transmitting or receiving the probe ultrasonic waves, and the spherical transducer 220 is connected to the acquisition and transmission module. Specifically, if the spherical transducer 220 is a component within the ultrasonic transmitting unit, then the signal receiving end of the spherical transducer 220 is connected to the signal transmitting end of the acquisition and transmission module. If the spherical transducer 220 is a component within the ultrasonic receiving unit, then the spherical transducer 220 and the signal transmitting end are connected to the signal receiving end of the acquisition and transmission module.

[0044] Furthermore, the transducer housing 230 is a cylinder with a cavity. This cylinder can be a cylinder or a prism, such as a cylinder, a square prism, or a cube, etc., which is not limited here. One of the bottom surfaces of the transducer housing 230 has an opening that communicates with the cavity. The bottom surface where the opening is located is used to be mounted on the containment vessel. Specifically, the soft rubber 210 that encloses the spherical transducer 220 can be disposed inside the cavity. When the ultrasonic transmitting unit and the ultrasonic receiving unit are not mounted on the outer surface of the containment vessel, the surface of the soft rubber 210 facing the opening can be on the same plane as the opening or higher than the plane of the opening. When the transducer housing 230 of the ultrasonic transmitting unit or the ultrasonic receiving unit is mounted on the containment vessel, the soft rubber 210 is tightly connected to the containment vessel.

[0045] Specifically, when the ultrasonic transmitting or receiving unit is placed within the containment vessel, the soft rubber 210 is pressed against the surface of the containment vessel. The soft rubber 210 deforms according to the shape of the containment vessel to adapt to its shape and fully conform to its curved surface. When the spherical transducer 220 is used to receive detection ultrasonic waves, because the spherical transducer 220 is tightly wrapped in the soft rubber 210, which in turn tightly covers the containment vessel, the detection ultrasonic waves transmitted through the containment vessel are conducted through the soft rubber 210 to the spherical surface of the spherical transducer 220 for better reception. When the spherical transducer 220 is used to emit detection ultrasonic waves, because the spherical transducer 220 is tightly wrapped in the soft rubber 210, which in turn tightly covers the containment vessel, the detection ultrasonic waves emitted by the spherical transducer 220 are conducted through the soft rubber 210 to the containment vessel, resulting in better emission of detection ultrasonic waves and higher accuracy compared to traditional ultrasonic testing equipment. Furthermore, one side of the transducer housing 230 may have an access port (not shown in the figure), through which the spherical transducer 220 can be removed for replacement or repair to ensure the stability of the system.

[0046] Furthermore, the transducer housing 230 has a first bracket 231 and a second bracket 232, which are respectively connected to the side of the transducer housing 230 and can be extended outward from the side of the transducer housing 230. Furthermore, the first bracket 231 and the second bracket 232 each have fixing bolt holes 240 for mounting the transducer housing 230 on the containment vessel. The embodiment provided in this application uses a dedicated bracket to fix the ultrasonic detection module for containment crack monitoring to the surface of the containment structure, solving the problem of timely replacement and maintenance of traditional embedded monitoring sensors. Simultaneously, using soft rubber as the solid-state coupling medium of the transducer meets the requirements for long-term monitoring at fixed points while ensuring full contact between the spherical transducer and the curved surface of the containment vessel, thereby improving the transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves.

[0047] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the ultrasonic transmitting unit and the ultrasonic receiving unit also include a spring 250 and a clamping partition 260, respectively. Specifically, the first end of the spring 260 is connected to the bottom surface of the cavity opposite to the bottom surface where the opening is located; the clamping partition 260 is disposed in the cavity, dividing the cavity into a first space for arranging the soft rubber 210 and the spherical transducer 220, and a second space for arranging the spring 250. The second end of the spring 250 is connected to the partition surface of the clamping partition 260 facing the second space, so that the clamping partition 260 can move in the cavity in a direction perpendicular to the opening. The embodiment provided in this application can use the spring and the clamping partition to press the soft rubber and the spherical transducer against the containment vessel, so that the soft rubber and the containment vessel are tightly fitted together, preventing gaps between the containment vessel and the soft rubber, thereby improving the transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves.

[0048] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the acquisition and transmission module 120 includes a transmission controller 121, a signal collector 122, and a wireless signal transmission device 123. The wireless signal transmission device 123 is used for wireless signal interaction. The signal receiving end of the transmission controller 121 is connected to the signal transmitting end of the wireless signal transmission device 123, and the signal transmitting end of the transmission controller 121 is connected to the signal receiving end of the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111, for driving the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 to emit detection ultrasonic waves. The signal receiving end of the signal collector 122 is connected to the signal transmitting end of the ultrasonic receiving unit 112, and the signal transmitting end of the signal collector 122 is connected to the signal receiving end of the wireless signal transmission device 123, for sending the ultrasonic waveform data to the wireless signal transmission device 123, so that the wireless signal transmission device 123 can send the ultrasonic waveform data to the analysis and early warning module 130.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the analysis and early warning module 130 includes a control system module 131, an early warning processing module 132, and a wireless signal transceiver 133. The wireless signal transceiver 133 establishes a connection with the wireless signal transmission device 123 via a wireless signal. The signal interaction terminal of the control system module 131 is connected to the first signal interaction terminal of the wireless signal transceiver 133, used to control the acquisition and transmission module 120 to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit 111 to emit detection ultrasonic waves. Furthermore, the signal interaction terminal of the early warning processing module 132 is connected to the second signal interaction terminal of the wireless signal transceiver 133, used to measure the crack status information of the containment vessel based on the ultrasonic waveform data. Furthermore, the early warning processing module 132 also has a remote communication port for connecting to a remote host computer (not shown in the figure) and sending the crack status information to the host computer. Specifically, the host computer can be a mobile phone or computer or other terminal device used by nuclear power plant staff. When the analysis and early warning module 130 confirms that a harmful crack has appeared in the containment vessel, it can send data such as the information of the harmful crack, the detection time, and the location of the crack to the display interface of the alarm center and the staff's mobile phone to remind the staff to take further action.

[0050] The embodiments provided in this application enable the analysis and early warning module to connect to multiple acquisition and transmission modules via radio signals, send control commands to the ultrasonic detection modules under each acquisition and transmission module, and receive ultrasonic waveform data from multiple ultrasonic detection modules to monitor whether cracks have appeared in the containment structure. In the event of cracks in the containment structure, the module can promptly issue alarm information to the staff, thereby improving the efficiency of containment crack monitoring.

[0051] The spherical ultrasonic monitoring system provided in this embodiment uses a spherical transducer embedded in soft rubber to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves. A dedicated bracket is used to mount the ultrasonic detection module onto the containment surface, allowing the soft rubber to fit snugly against the containment. The spherical transducer within the soft rubber enables better ultrasonic transmission and reception within the containment. This allows for the detection of harmful cracks in the containment even with the ultrasonic detection module mounted on the containment surface. The system also allows for the replacement and repair of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving units without damaging the containment, ensuring continuous monitoring of the containment for harmful cracks. Furthermore, it promptly alerts relevant personnel when cracks are detected, significantly enhancing the system's ability to monitor harmful cracks in nuclear power plant containment structures.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a monitoring method based on spherical ultrasound is provided. Taking the application of this method in the analysis and early warning module of the aforementioned spherical ultrasound-based monitoring system as an example, the method includes:

[0053] 101. The acquisition and transmission module drives the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the ultrasonic detection module to transmit detection ultrasonic waves to the containment, and acquires the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of the ultrasonic detection module based on the received detection ultrasonic waves.

[0054] Specifically, control information can be sent to the acquisition and transmission module to enable the ultrasonic transmitting unit of a specific ultrasonic detection module to emit detection ultrasonic waves. This control information may include the number of the ultrasonic detection module that needs to emit detection ultrasonic waves, as well as parameters such as the waveform, wavelength, and amplitude of the detection ultrasonic waves. After receiving the control information, the acquisition and transmission module determines the ultrasonic detection module that needs to emit detection ultrasonic waves based on the ultrasonic detection module number and sends the parameter information to the ultrasonic transmitting unit of that ultrasonic detection module, so that the ultrasonic transmitting unit can emit detection ultrasonic waves as needed. Further, after the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the aforementioned ultrasonic detection module emits detection ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic receiving unit within the same ultrasonic detection module receives the detection ultrasonic waves propagating through the containment vessel. The received detection ultrasonic waves are affected by cracks inside the containment vessel, and their waveform and amplitude parameters will change. The ultrasonic receiving unit converts the received mechanical vibration form of the detection ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic waveform data in the form of an electrical signal containing waveform and amplitude parameters, and sends the ultrasonic waveform data to the analysis and early warning module via the acquisition and transmission module, so that the analysis and early warning module can obtain the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of the ultrasonic detection module based on the received detection ultrasonic waves.

[0055] 102. Determine the acoustic parameter values ​​of the detection ultrasonic waves received by the ultrasonic receiving unit based on the ultrasonic waveform data.

[0056] The acoustic parameter values ​​can include parameters such as the wavelength, waveform, and amplitude of the probe ultrasound received by the ultrasonic receiving unit. The specific parameter types can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0057] 103. Compare the acoustic parameter values ​​with the pre-stored reference acoustic parameter values ​​to determine whether the difference between the acoustic parameter values ​​and the reference acoustic parameter values ​​is within a preset numerical range.

[0058] The reference acoustic parameter values ​​can be obtained through pre-testing or experimentation, based on the waveform, wavelength, and amplitude of the received detection ultrasonic waves when there are no cracks in the containment. Specifically, for each ultrasonic detection module, the waveform, wavelength, and amplitude of the detection ultrasonic waves emitted from the emission position and transmitted through the containment to the reception position should be obtained through testing or experimentation, assuming no cracks exist between the emission and reception positions. This parameter information is mapped and stored locally with the information of the emission and reception positions. When an ultrasonic detection module needs to be installed at the emission and reception positions, the stored parameter information can be used as the reference acoustic parameter values ​​for that module. Alternatively, the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the ultrasonic detection module, already installed on the containment vessel, can emit detection ultrasonic waves at a specific cycle. The waveform, wavelength, and amplitude of the ultrasonic waves received by the ultrasonic receiving unit of the ultrasonic detection module can be determined to show significant changes each time. That is, the waveform, wavelength, and amplitude of the detection ultrasonic waves received within a specific time period are used as reference acoustic parameter values. When the waveform, wavelength, and amplitude of the most recently received detection ultrasonic waves show significant changes compared to the previously received detection ultrasonic waves, a crack can be identified in the containment vessel between the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving positions corresponding to the ultrasonic detection module. The criterion for determining whether a significant change has occurred can be the amount of change between the waveform, wavelength, and amplitude values ​​and the reference acoustic parameter values, and whether the amount of change exceeds a preset numerical range. This numerical range can be determined based on the attributes of each parameter and the actual situation. Furthermore, the numerical range can be preset separately for each acoustic parameter value, such as the numerical range corresponding to the wavelength parameter and the numerical range corresponding to the amplitude parameter.

[0059] Specifically, if the acoustic parameter values ​​include wavelength and amplitude, and the reference acoustic parameter values ​​also include wavelength and amplitude, then the difference between the wavelength in the acoustic parameter values ​​and the wavelength in the reference acoustic parameter values ​​can be calculated, and the difference between the amplitude in the acoustic parameter values ​​and the amplitude in the reference acoustic parameter values ​​can also be calculated. Furthermore, the difference corresponding to the wavelength parameter is compared with the corresponding numerical range of the wavelength parameter to determine whether the difference corresponding to the wavelength parameter is within the corresponding numerical range of the wavelength parameter. At the same time, the difference corresponding to the amplitude parameter is compared with the corresponding numerical range of the amplitude parameter to determine whether the difference corresponding to the amplitude parameter is within the corresponding numerical range of the amplitude parameter.

[0060] 104. If the difference between the acoustic parameter value and the reference acoustic parameter value is not within the specified range, then the crack state information of the containment is determined to be a state of harmful cracks.

[0061] As an example, if the difference corresponding to the wavelength parameter is not within the range of the corresponding wavelength parameter value, and / or the difference corresponding to the amplitude parameter is not within the range of the corresponding amplitude parameter value, it can be determined that there is a crack in the containment between the ultrasonic wave transmitting position and the ultrasonic wave receiving position corresponding to the ultrasonic detection module. The crack status information of the containment is determined to be a harmful crack state, and an alarm message is issued.

[0062] The spherical ultrasound-based monitoring method provided in this embodiment can efficiently determine whether there are cracks in the containment vessel equipped with an ultrasonic detection module, and promptly issue alarm information to relevant personnel when cracks appear in the containment vessel, significantly enhancing the monitoring capability for harmful cracks in the containment vessel of nuclear power plants.

[0063] In one embodiment, there are multiple ultrasonic detection modules, all of which have a preset arrangement order. The arrangement order can be pre-set for each ultrasonic detection module, such as assigning a sequence number to the ultrasonic detection modules. Further, step 101 can be implemented as follows: First, based on the arrangement order, the acquisition and transmission module sequentially drives the ultrasonic transmitting unit of each ultrasonic detection module to emit detection ultrasonic waves to the containment vessel. Here, only after the ultrasonic receiving unit of each ultrasonic detection module receives the detection ultrasonic wave sent by the ultrasonic transmitting unit under the same ultrasonic detection module, and the analysis and early warning module identifies whether a crack has appeared in the containment vessel based on the ultrasonic waveform data of the detection ultrasonic wave, does it control the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the next ultrasonic detection module to emit detection ultrasonic waves to the containment vessel according to the arrangement order.

[0064] Then, the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of each ultrasonic detection module based on the received associated detection ultrasonic wave is received. The associated detection ultrasonic wave is the detection ultrasonic wave transmitted to the containment by the ultrasonic transmitting unit within the same ultrasonic detection module as the ultrasonic receiving unit. Here, since there is more than one ultrasonic transmitting unit and ultrasonic receiving unit in the ultrasonic detection module, when the analysis and early warning module issues a transmission command, the transmission controller only sends an electrical signal to the transducer of one ultrasonic transmitting unit. Once the transducer of the corresponding ultrasonic receiving unit receives the ultrasonic signal and transmits it to the analysis and early warning module, the control module issues the next transmission command, causing the transmission controller to send an electrical signal to the next ultrasonic transmitting unit. This process continues until all ultrasonic transmitting units have completed ultrasonic signal transmission, which constitutes one signal transmission cycle.

[0065] The embodiments provided in this application can, according to a preset monitoring cycle, enable each ultrasonic detection module to emit and receive detection ultrasonic waves based on the arrangement order, and cyclically monitor the containment for cracks, thereby enhancing the ability to monitor harmful cracks in the containment of nuclear power plants.

[0066] In one embodiment, after step 104, the method further includes: comparing the difference with a plurality of preset deviation threshold ranges to determine the deviation threshold range in which the difference falls, wherein each deviation threshold range corresponds to a preset warning level. For example, if the difference is the difference corresponding to an amplitude parameter, and this difference is 5 μm, and the plurality of deviation threshold ranges corresponding to the amplitude are 2-3 μm, 3-4 μm, and 4-5 μm, and the preset warning level corresponding to 2-3 μm is level 3, the preset warning level corresponding to 3-4 μm is level 2, and the preset warning level corresponding to 4-5 μm is level 1, then the difference of 5 μm is compared with the above three deviation threshold ranges to determine which deviation threshold range the value of the difference falls within. Then, the warning level corresponding to the deviation threshold range in which the difference falls is determined, and the crack state information and the warning level are sent to a remote host computer. As an example, if the difference of 5μm is within the deviation threshold range of 4-5μm, then the Level 1 warning level corresponding to the deviation threshold range of 4-5μm and the crack status information are sent to the host computer of the relevant personnel for alarm.

[0067] The embodiments provided in this application can determine the warning level based on the degree of change in the parameters of the detected ultrasonic waves and issue warning information to the staff, so that the staff can quickly determine the severity of the crack and improve the monitoring capability of harmful cracks in the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant.

[0068] The spherical ultrasound-based monitoring method provided in this embodiment can, according to a preset monitoring cycle, have each ultrasonic detection module emit and receive detection ultrasonic waves in a specific order to cyclically monitor cracks in the containment vessel. This method can efficiently determine whether cracks exist in the containment vessel equipped with ultrasonic detection modules, and promptly issue alarm information and crack severity information to relevant personnel when cracks are found, significantly enhancing the monitoring capability for harmful cracks in the containment vessel of nuclear power plants.

[0069] Furthermore, as Figure 5 The specific implementation of the method shown in this embodiment provides a monitoring device based on spherical ultrasound, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the device includes: an acoustic transceiver module 61, a parameter determination module 62, a numerical comparison module 63, and a state determination module 64.

[0070] The acoustic transceiver module 61 can be used to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the ultrasonic detection module to transmit detection ultrasonic waves to the containment, and to acquire the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of the ultrasonic detection module based on the received detection ultrasonic waves.

[0071] The parameter determination module 62 can be used to determine the acoustic parameter values ​​of the probe ultrasonic waves received by the ultrasonic receiving unit based on the ultrasonic waveform data.

[0072] The numerical comparison module 63 can be used to compare the acoustic parameter value with a pre-stored reference acoustic parameter value to determine whether the difference between the acoustic parameter value and the reference acoustic parameter value is within a preset numerical range.

[0073] The state determination module 64 can be used to determine that the crack state information of the containment is a state of harmful cracks if the difference between the acoustic parameter value and the reference acoustic parameter value is not within the range of the values.

[0074] In specific application scenarios, there are multiple ultrasonic detection modules, all of which have a preset arrangement order. The acoustic transceiver module 61 is specifically used to, based on the arrangement order, drive the acquisition and transmission module to sequentially drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit of each ultrasonic detection module to emit detection ultrasonic waves to the containment vessel; and receive the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of each ultrasonic detection module based on the received associated detection ultrasonic waves, wherein the associated detection ultrasonic waves are the detection ultrasonic waves sent to the containment vessel by the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the same ultrasonic detection module as the ultrasonic receiving unit.

[0075] In specific application scenarios, the state determination module 64 can also be used to compare the difference with multiple preset deviation threshold ranges to determine the deviation threshold range in which the difference is located, wherein each deviation threshold range corresponds to a preset warning level; determine the warning level corresponding to the deviation threshold range in which the difference is located, and send the crack state information and the warning level to a remote host computer.

[0076] It should be noted that other corresponding descriptions of the functional units involved in the spherical ultrasound-based monitoring method provided in this embodiment can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 5 The corresponding description in [the document] will not be repeated here.

[0077] Based on the above, Figure 5 Accordingly, this embodiment also provides a medium, which can be a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method. Figure 5The monitoring method based on spherical ultrasound is shown.

[0078] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product. The software product to be identified can be stored in a non-volatile medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, or portable hard drive), and includes several instructions to cause a computer (such as a personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods described in the various implementation scenarios of this application.

[0079] Based on the above, Figure 5 The method shown, and Figure 6 The illustrated embodiment of the spherical ultrasound-based monitoring device, in order to achieve the above objectives, also provides a physical device for spherical ultrasound-based monitoring. Specifically, this device can be a personal computer, server, smartphone, tablet computer, smartwatch, or other network device. This physical device includes a medium and a processor; the medium stores a computer program; the processor executes the computer program to achieve the above-described objectives. Figure 5 The method shown.

[0080] Optionally, the physical device may also include a user interface, a network interface, a camera, radio frequency (RF) circuitry, sensors, audio circuitry, a Wi-Fi module, etc. The user interface may include a display screen, input units such as a keyboard, etc., and optional user interfaces may also include USB interfaces, card reader interfaces, etc. The network interface may optionally include standard wired interfaces, wireless interfaces (such as Wi-Fi interfaces), etc.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will understand that the physical device structure for monitoring based on spherical ultrasound provided in this embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the physical device, and may include more or fewer components, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0082] The medium may also include an operating system and a network communication module. The operating system is a program that manages the hardware of the aforementioned physical device and the software resources to be identified, supporting the operation of the information processing program and other software and / or programs to be identified. The network communication module is used to enable communication between the various components within the medium, as well as communication with other hardware and software in the information processing physical device.

[0083] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented using software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, or it can be implemented in hardware. By applying the technical solution of this application, firstly, the acquisition and transmission module drives the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the ultrasonic detection module to emit detection ultrasonic waves towards the containment vessel, and acquires the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of the ultrasonic detection module based on the received detection ultrasonic waves; then, based on the ultrasonic waveform data, the acoustic parameter values ​​of the detection ultrasonic waves received by the ultrasonic receiving unit are determined; next, the acoustic parameter values ​​are compared with pre-stored reference acoustic parameter values ​​to determine whether the difference between the acoustic parameter values ​​and the reference acoustic parameter values ​​is within a preset numerical range; finally, if the difference between the acoustic parameter values ​​and the reference acoustic parameter values ​​is not within the preset numerical range, the crack state information of the containment vessel is determined to be a state of harmful cracks. Compared with the prior art, this significantly enhances the monitoring capability of harmful cracks in the containment vessel of a nuclear power plant.

[0084] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of a preferred embodiment, and the modules or processes shown in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiment can be distributed within the apparatus of the embodiment as described, or can be modified to be located in one or more apparatuses different from this embodiment. The modules of the above-described embodiment can be combined into one module, or further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0085] The serial numbers in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of any particular implementation scenario. The above disclosures are merely a few specific implementation scenarios of this application; however, this application is not limited thereto, and any variations conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A monitoring system based on spherical ultrasound for monitoring the containment vessel of a nuclear power plant, characterized in that, The system includes: At least one ultrasonic detection module, each ultrasonic detection module including an ultrasonic transmitting unit and an ultrasonic receiving unit, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting unit is disposed at a preset ultrasonic transmitting position on the containment vessel for transmitting detection ultrasonic waves to the containment vessel, and the ultrasonic receiving unit is disposed at a preset ultrasonic receiving position on the containment vessel for receiving the detection ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting unit from the containment vessel and generating ultrasonic waveform data based on the detection ultrasonic waves. The acquisition and transmission module has its signal transmitting end connected to the signal receiving end of the ultrasonic transmitting unit, and is used to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit to emit detection ultrasonic waves. The signal receiving end of the acquisition and transmission module is connected to the signal transmitting end of the ultrasonic receiving unit, and is used to acquire the ultrasonic waveform data. An analysis and early warning module is provided, which establishes a communication connection with the acquisition and transmission module via a wireless signal, and is used to control the acquisition and transmission module to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit to emit detection ultrasonic waves; The analysis and early warning module is also used to receive the ultrasonic waveform data and detect the crack status information of the containment vessel based on the ultrasonic waveform data. The ultrasonic transmitting unit and the ultrasonic receiving unit respectively include: Soft rubber, which is used to conduct the detection ultrasonic waves; A spherical transducer, encased in soft rubber, is used to emit or receive the detection ultrasonic waves, and the spherical transducer is connected to the acquisition and transmission module; A transducer housing, wherein the transducer housing is a cylinder with a cavity, and one of the bottom surfaces of the transducer housing has an opening communicating with the cavity, and the bottom surface where the opening is located is used to be mounted on the containment vessel; The soft rubber and the spherical transducer are disposed in the cavity of the transducer housing so that when the transducer housing is disposed on the containment vessel, the soft rubber is tightly connected to the containment vessel. A spring, the first end of which is connected to the bottom surface inside the cavity opposite to the bottom surface where the opening is located; A pressure partition is disposed within the cavity, dividing the cavity into a first space for arranging the soft rubber and the spherical transducer, and a second space for arranging the spring. The second end of the spring is connected to the partition surface of the pressure partition facing the second space, so that the pressure partition can move within the cavity in a direction perpendicular to the opening.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition and transmission module includes: Wireless signal transmission device; A transmitter controller, wherein the signal receiving end of the transmitter controller is connected to the signal transmitting end of the wireless signal transmission device, and the signal transmitting end of the transmitter controller is connected to the signal receiving end of the ultrasonic transmitting unit, for driving the ultrasonic transmitting unit to transmit detection ultrasonic waves; A signal acquisition device, wherein the signal receiving end of the signal acquisition device is connected to the signal transmitting end of the ultrasonic receiving unit, and the signal transmitting end of the signal acquisition device is connected to the signal receiving end of the wireless signal transmission device, for transmitting the ultrasonic waveform data to the wireless signal transmission device. The analysis and early warning module includes: A wireless signal transceiver, wherein the wireless signal transceiver establishes a connection with the wireless signal transmission device via a wireless signal; The control system module has its signal interaction terminal connected to the first signal interaction terminal of the wireless signal transceiver, and is used to control the acquisition and transmission module to drive the ultrasonic transmitting unit to emit detection ultrasonic waves. The early warning processing module is connected to the second signal interaction terminal of the wireless signal transceiver, and is used to detect the crack status information of the containment based on the ultrasonic waveform data. The early warning processing module also has a remote communication port for connecting to a remote host computer and sending the crack status information to the host computer.

3. A monitoring method based on spherical ultrasound, applied in the analysis and early warning module of the spherical ultrasound-based monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The method includes: The acquisition and transmission module drives the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the ultrasonic detection module to emit detection ultrasonic waves toward the containment, and acquires the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of the ultrasonic detection module based on the received detection ultrasonic waves. The acoustic parameter values ​​of the probe ultrasound received by the ultrasonic receiving unit are determined based on the ultrasonic waveform data. The acoustic parameter values ​​are compared with pre-stored reference acoustic parameter values ​​to determine whether the difference between the acoustic parameter values ​​and the reference acoustic parameter values ​​is within a preset numerical range. If the difference between the acoustic parameter value and the reference acoustic parameter value is not within the specified range, then the crack condition information of the containment is determined to be a state of harmful cracks.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of ultrasonic detection modules is multiple, and all the ultrasonic detection modules have a preset arrangement order; the step of driving the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the ultrasonic detection module to emit detection ultrasonic waves towards the containment vessel through the acquisition and transmission module, and acquiring the ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of the ultrasonic detection module based on the received detection ultrasonic waves, includes: Based on the arrangement order, the acquisition and transmission module sequentially drives the ultrasonic transmitting unit of each ultrasonic detection module to emit detection ultrasonic waves toward the containment. The ultrasonic waveform data generated by the ultrasonic receiving unit of each ultrasonic detection module based on the received associated detection ultrasonic wave is received, wherein the associated detection ultrasonic wave is the detection ultrasonic wave transmitted to the containment by the ultrasonic transmitting unit of the ultrasonic detection module that is in the same ultrasonic detection module as the ultrasonic receiving unit.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the difference between the acoustic parameter value and the reference acoustic parameter value is not within the specified range, and the crack state information of the containment is determined to be a harmful crack state, the method further includes: The difference is compared with a plurality of preset deviation threshold ranges to determine the deviation threshold range in which the difference falls, wherein each deviation threshold range corresponds to a preset warning level. The warning level corresponding to the deviation threshold range in which the difference is located is determined, and the crack status information and the warning level are sent to the remote host computer.

6. A medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

7. A computer, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

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