Method for one-time welding forming of steel plate for I-bevel butt joint

Abstract

The application discloses a one-time welding forming method for I-shaped groove butt joint of steel plates, which comprises the following steps: S1, polishing the steel plates to be butt joint along the butt joint edges; S2, fixing the steel plates to be butt joint at preset positions, and reserving welding beads between the two opposite steel plates to be butt joint; S3, arranging an arc leading plate at the front end of the steel plates to be butt joint and arranging an arc leading-out plate at the rear end of the steel plates to be butt joint; S4, adding flux in the reserved welding beads, and compacting the flux at the position of 1 / 5 to 2 / 5 from the bottom to the top in the thickness direction of the steel plates to be butt joint; S5, using a submerged arc automatic welding device to make the two steel plates to be butt joint into a whole by the method of submerged arc automatic welding, and the welding process is continuous from the arc leading plate to the arc leading-out plate; and S6, cutting off the arc leading plate and the arc leading-out plate. The welding quality and the welding efficiency are improved, the groove machine and the carbon arc air gouging machine are not needed for the machine tools and equipment, the submerged arc automatic welding device does not need to be newly purchased, and therefore the cost of purchasing the equipment is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel plate welding, and specifically to a method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-groove butt joints. Background Technology

[0002] For existing steel structures with steel plates less than 20mm thick, submerged arc welding is used to weld the weld between the two plates. The weld bead area is machined with a 60-70° bevel (30-35° on one side), with a reserved blunt edge of approximately 2mm. The weld gap is 1-3mm, and the reverse deformation angle is 2-4°. At both ends of the weld, arc-starting plates and arc-exiting plates of the same material as the base metal are installed, with a thickness of 150-200mm. The blunt edges and gaps of the arc-starting and arc-exiting plates are consistent with the reserved blunt edges and gaps of the base metal. The front side is sealed with CO2 gas shielded welding. Then, submerged arc welding is used for filler and capping welding. The welded steel plate is hoisted and flipped over again. Carbon arc gouging is used to remove the root of the weld to the visible effective metal (removing prohibited defects such as porosity, slag inclusions, lack of fusion, and incomplete penetration). Finally, submerged arc welding is used once more. The weld reinforcement is 1-3mm, the height difference is ≤0.5-1mm, and the width is approximately equal to the base metal thickness + reserved gap + 2-4mm. The weld has an aesthetically pleasing appearance and the weld quality meets the design and specifications.

[0003] Existing technology requires machining a 60-70° bevel (30-35° on one side), and necessitates the use of carbon dioxide gas shielded welding for root pass sealing within the weld bead. The welded steel plate needs to be hoisted and flipped over. Carbon arc gouging is used to remove the root of the weld to the visible effective metal (removing prohibited defects such as porosity, slag inclusion, lack of fusion, and incomplete penetration). Then, submerged arc welding is used again. Multiple uneven welding processes cause uneven heating of the base material, which reduces the mechanical properties of the base material.

[0004] Therefore, a method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-groove butt joints is needed, which can simplify the above-mentioned complex welding steps and solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a one-time welding method for steel plates with I-groove butt joints. By optimizing the welding process, it eliminates the need for V-groove processing, CO2 gas shielded welding for root sealing, flipping of the base material, and carbon arc gouging for root cleaning, enabling the butt joint steel plate weld bead to be formed in one step. Furthermore, the base material around the weld bead is heated to a uniform temperature, and the mechanical properties of the base material in the heat-affected zone are balanced. The application of this technology improves welding quality and efficiency, and eliminates the need for beveling machines and carbon arc gouging machines. Moreover, submerged arc automatic welding equipment does not need to be purchased again, thus saving on equipment purchase costs.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-groove butt joints, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Grind the steel plates to be joined along the entire length of the joining edge, wherein the thickness of the steel plates to be joined does not exceed 20mm;

[0008] S2. Fix the steel plates to be joined in a preset position. There are at least two steel plates to be joined. The grinding edges of the two steel plates to be joined are facing each other, and a weld bead is reserved between the two facing steel plates to be joined.

[0009] The two steel plates to be joined are flush at the end faces in the length direction, and there is no misalignment in the thickness direction.

[0010] S3. An arc-inducing plate is set at the front end of the steel plates to be joined, and an exit plate is set at the rear end of the steel plates to be joined. The arc-inducing plate is ground along the entire length of the joining edge, and the exit plate is ground along the entire length of the joining edge.

[0011] The materials of the arc-starting plate, the lead-out plate, and the steel plate to be connected are the same, and the thicknesses of the arc-starting plate, the lead-out plate, and the steel plate to be connected are the same.

[0012] The mating end face of the arc-starting plate, the mating end face of the lead-out plate, and the mating end face of the steel plate to be mated are flush.

[0013] S4. Add flux into the reserved weld bead and seal the flux tightly at 1 / 5 to 2 / 5 of the thickness of the steel plates to be joined from bottom to top.

[0014] S5. Using submerged arc welding equipment, the two steel plates to be joined are formed into a whole by submerged arc welding. The welding wire of the submerged arc welding equipment is inserted into the flux that was compacted in step S4. The welding direction is from the arc-starting plate to the arc-exiting plate, and the welding process is continuous from the arc-starting plate to the arc-exiting plate.

[0015] S6. Cut off the arc-starting plate and the lead-out plate.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, the standard for the qualified grinding of the mating edges of the steel plates to be mated includes at least that the mating end faces of the steel plates to be mated show a metallic luster.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S2, the width of the reserved weld bead is 1 / 5 to 2 / 5 of the thickness of the steel plate to be joined.

[0018] Furthermore, the length of the arc-initiating plate is 150mm-250mm, and the length of the lead-out plate is 150mm-250mm.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S3, the standard for the arc-starting plate to pass the grinding of the mating edge includes at least that the mating end face of the arc-starting plate shows a metallic luster, and the standard for the lead-out plate to pass the grinding of the mating edge includes at least that the mating end face of the lead-out plate shows a metallic luster.

[0020] Furthermore, the width of the reserved weld bead is consistent with the height of the dense flux within the weld bead.

[0021] Furthermore, the width of the reserved weld bead is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the steel plate to be joined.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-type bevel butt joints disclosed in this invention optimizes the welding process, eliminating the need for V-shaped bevel processing, CO2 gas shielded welding for root sealing, flipping of the base material, and carbon arc gouging for root cleaning. This allows for one-time welding of the butt joint steel plate weld bead, with uniform heating temperature of the base material around the weld bead and balanced mechanical properties of the base material in the heat-affected zone. The application of this technology improves welding quality and efficiency, eliminates the need for beveling machines and carbon arc gouging machines, and eliminates the need to purchase submerged arc automatic welding equipment, thereby saving on equipment costs. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-bevel butt joints in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. Grind the steel plate 001 to be connected along its entire length along the connecting edge. The thickness of the steel plate 001 to be connected shall not exceed 20mm. The standard for qualified grinding of the connecting edge of the steel plate 001 to be connected shall include that the connecting end face of the steel plate 001 to be connected shows a metallic luster. More specifically, the connecting edge includes the connecting end face, the upper plate face, the lower plate face, the front end face, and the rear end face of the steel plate 001 to be connected. The grinding range includes the connecting end face and the area within 50mm from the connecting end face of the upper plate face, the lower plate face, the front end face, and the rear end face, respectively. The standard for qualified grinding shall include that the connecting edge shows a metallic luster. The grinding tool shall be any existing angle grinder or other grinding equipment, preferably one that can make the connecting edge show a metallic luster. Further details are omitted here.

[0028] S2. Fix the steel plates 001 to be joined in a preset position. There are at least two steel plates 001 to be joined. The grinding edges of the two steel plates 001 to be joined are opposite each other, and a weld bead is reserved between the two opposite steel plates 001 to be joined. The end faces of the two opposite steel plates 001 to be joined are flush in the length direction, and there is no misalignment in the thickness direction between the two opposite steel plates 001 to be joined, to ensure the overall quality of the steel plate after welding. The width of the reserved weld bead is 1 / 5 to 2 / 5 of the thickness of the steel plates 001 to be joined. In this solution, the width of the reserved weld bead is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the steel plates 001 to be joined. This reserved weld bead can reduce the deformation of the two steel plates 001 to be joined after welding, and ensure the overall quality of the steel plate after welding.

[0029] S3. An arc-starting plate 002 is set at the front end of the steel plate 001 to be connected, and an exit plate 003 is set at the rear end of the steel plate 001 to be connected. The arc-starting plate 002 and the exit plate 003 are close to the connecting edge of the steel plate 001 to be connected. Each steel plate 001 to be connected is welded with one arc-starting plate 002 and one exit plate 003. More specifically, the arc-starting plate 002 and the exit plate 003 are welded to the steel plate 001 to be connected by carbon dioxide gas shielded welding. The welding step of the arc-starting plate 002 and the exit plate 003 on the steel plate 001 to be connected is after the grinding step of the arc-starting plate 002 and the exit plate 003.

[0030] The materials of the arc-starting plate 002, the lead-out plate 003, and the steel plate 001 to be welded are the same. The thicknesses of the arc-starting plate 002, the lead-out plate 003, and the steel plate 001 to be welded are also the same. The length of the arc-starting plate 002 is 150mm-250mm, and the length of the lead-out plate 003 is 150mm-250mm. In this solution, the lengths of the arc-starting plate 002 and the lead-out plate 003 are the same, both being 200mm. The welding end faces of the arc-starting plate 002, the lead-out plate 003, and the steel plate 001 to be welded are flush, ensuring the overall quality of the welded steel plate.

[0031] The arc-starting plate 002 is ground along its entire length along the mating edge, and the lead-out plate 003 is ground along its entire length along the mating edge. The standard for the arc-starting plate 002 to pass the grinding is at least that the mating end face of the arc-starting plate 002 shows a metallic luster, and the standard for the lead-out plate 003 to pass the grinding is at least that the mating end face of the lead-out plate 003 shows a metallic luster. More specifically, the grinding standards of the arc-starting plate 002 and the lead-out plate 003 are consistent with the grinding standards of the steel plate 001 to be mated, see step S1, and will not be repeated here, as it is advisable to meet the preset welding requirements.

[0032] S4. Add flux to the reserved weld bead and compact the flux to a depth of 1 / 5 to 2 / 5 of the thickness of the steel plate 001 to be joined from bottom to top. The flux compaction should be such that the welding wire can be inserted and slide smoothly. The flux compaction method includes filling the reserved weld bead with flux to a height exceeding 1 / 4 but not exceeding 3 / 5 of the thickness of the steel plate 001 to be joined from bottom to top, and then compressing the flux in the reserved weld bead to a preset height, which is determined according to the actual solder specifications and welding standards, and will not be elaborated here. In this scheme, the width of the reserved weld bead is consistent with the height of the compacted flux in the weld bead; this helps to ensure that during the welding process... The pre-reserved weld bead ensures uniform heating of the base material on both sides, minimizing damage to its mechanical properties. More specifically, flux is first added to the pre-reserved weld bead, with the flux filling height positioned at half the thickness of the steel plate 001 to be welded from bottom to top. The flux is then compacted to one-third of the thickness of the steel plate 001 to be welded, completing the flux compaction step. Any submerged arc welding flux from existing technologies is selected, and the flux should be dry and free from moisture. This method, by pre-compacting the flux, provides a sufficient melting zone for subsequent welding steps, making the welding of the two steel plates 001 to be welded more stable and facilitating the one-time welding of the two steel plates 001 to be welded, thus ensuring welding quality.

[0033] S5. Using submerged arc welding equipment 004, the two steel plates 001 to be joined are formed into a whole by submerged arc welding. The submerged arc welding equipment 004 can be any of the existing technologies. The submerged arc welding equipment 004 should include a welding machine and a welding carriage. The welding carriage includes a track, carriage, wire feeding device, flux hopper, and control system, etc., to achieve the corresponding submerged arc welding function, which will not be elaborated further here. In this solution, the welding wire used for welding the two steel plates 001 to be joined is selected from... The flux used is a special flux for submerged arc welding, which is selected from existing technologies. The flux automatically falls from the flux hopper through the guide tube and covers the pre-compacted weld bead. The welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed are adjusted according to the data in the welding process instruction manual, which will not be elaborated here. The welding wire of the submerged arc automatic welding equipment 004 extends into the flux compacted in step S4, and the welding wire is roughly located in the middle of the two steel plates 001 to be joined, which improves the welding quality. The welding direction is from the arc-starting plate 002 to the lead-out plate 003, and the welding process is continuous from the arc-starting plate 002 to the lead-out plate 003. The arc starting and ending during the welding process are respectively passed through the arc-starting plate 002 and the lead-out plate 003, thereby realizing the one-time welding of the two steel plates 001 to be joined, achieving the effect of single-sided welding and double-sided forming.

[0034] This solution allows two steel plates with an I-groove butt joint to be welded together in one operation. During the welding process, the base material on both sides of the weld bead is heated to a uniform temperature, resulting in minimal damage to the mechanical properties of the base material. The welding efficiency is high, and the welding quality can be effectively guaranteed. At the same time, it reduces the construction procedures, equipment, and materials required by existing technologies, thereby saving costs.

[0035] S6. Remove the arc-starting plate 002 and the lead-out plate 003. More specifically, after the two steel plates 001 to be butted are welded and the weld appearance quality is inspected and found to be qualified, remove the arc-starting plate 002 and the lead-out plate 003.

[0036] This solution optimizes the welding process, eliminating the need for V-grooving, CO2 gas shielded welding for root sealing, flipping the base material, and carbon arc gouging for root cleaning. This allows for one-time welding of butt-welded steel plates, with uniform heating of the base material around the weld and balanced mechanical properties in the heat-affected zone. The application of this technology improves welding quality and efficiency, and eliminates the need for beveling machines and carbon arc gouging machines. Furthermore, the submerged arc automatic welding equipment 004 does not need to be purchased again, thus saving on equipment costs.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-groove butt joints, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Grind the steel plates to be joined along the entire length of the joining edge, wherein the thickness of the steel plates to be joined does not exceed 20mm; S2. Fix the steel plates to be joined in a preset position. There are at least two steel plates to be joined. The grinding edges of the two steel plates to be joined are facing each other, and a weld bead is reserved between the two facing steel plates to be joined. The two steel plates to be joined are flush at the end faces in the length direction, and there is no misalignment in the thickness direction. S3. An arc-inducing plate is set at the front end of the steel plates to be joined, and an exit plate is set at the rear end of the steel plates to be joined. The arc-inducing plate is ground along the entire length of the joining edge, and the exit plate is ground along the entire length of the joining edge. The materials of the arc-starting plate, the lead-out plate, and the steel plate to be connected are the same, and the thicknesses of the arc-starting plate, the lead-out plate, and the steel plate to be connected are the same. The mating end face of the arc-starting plate, the mating end face of the lead-out plate, and the mating end face of the steel plate to be mated are flush. S4. Add flux into the reserved weld bead and seal the flux tightly at 1 / 5 to 2 / 5 of the thickness of the steel plates to be joined from bottom to top. S5. Using submerged arc welding equipment, the two steel plates to be joined are formed into a whole by submerged arc welding. The welding wire of the submerged arc welding equipment is inserted into the flux that was compacted in step S4. The welding direction is from the arc-starting plate to the arc-exiting plate, and the welding process is continuous from the arc-starting plate to the arc-exiting plate. S6. Cut off the arc-starting plate and the lead-out plate.

2. The method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-bevel butt joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the standard for the qualified grinding of the mating edges of the steel plates to be mated includes at least that the mating end faces of the steel plates to be mated show a metallic luster.

3. The method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-bevel butt joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the width of the reserved weld bead is 1 / 5 to 2 / 5 of the thickness of the steel plates to be joined.

4. The method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-bevel butt joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the arc-starting plate is 150mm-250mm, and the length of the lead-out plate is 150mm-250mm.

5. The method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-bevel butt joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the standard for the arc-starting plate to pass the grinding of the mating edge includes at least that the mating end face of the arc-starting plate shows a metallic luster, and the standard for the lead-out plate to pass the grinding of the mating edge includes at least that the mating end face of the lead-out plate shows a metallic luster.

6. The method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-bevel butt joints according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the reserved weld bead is consistent with the height of the dense flux within the weld bead.

7. The method for one-time welding of steel plates for I-bevel butt joints according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the reserved weld bead is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the steel plates to be joined.

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