Low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material and a preparation method thereof. The low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material is alternately stacked by low-temperature-resistant ABS layers and flame-retardant ABS layers, the number of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layers and the flame-retardant ABS layers is consistent, and the number is 5-50; the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layers and the flame-retardant ABS layers is consistent, and the thickness is 0.05-0.5 mm. The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material is as follows: two single-screw extruders are used simultaneously, one is used to add low-temperature-resistant ABS layer masterbatch, and the other is used to add flame-retardant ABS layer masterbatch, and then the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer masterbatch and the flame-retardant ABS layer masterbatch are extruded and alternately stacked, and then the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film can be obtained by laminating. The low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material adopts a multilayer structure technology, separates the functions of flame retardation and low-temperature resistance, uniformly distributes the flame-retardant filler in each layer, can improve the uniformity of the dispersion of the flame-retardant component, prevents the agglomeration caused by the large addition of the flame-retardant component, and prevents the uneven dispersion, so as to affect the flame-retardant effect and the mechanical properties.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plastic processing, and in particular to a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] ABS resin is a terpolymer composed of styrene, butadiene and acrylonitrile, which combines the high flowability of styrene, the rubber toughness of butadiene and the chemical resistance of acrylonitrile, and has excellent processing performance, low-temperature resistance, electrical insulation, chemical corrosion resistance, high gloss and excellent electroplating performance, as well as good creep resistance, high dimensional stability and small molding shrinkage, and is widely used in military, automotive, electronic and electrical fields. However, on the one hand, the oxygen index of ABS resin is only 18, which belongs to flammable materials. Therefore, flame-retardant modification of ABS material is a commonly used method. The usual way is to add a flame retardant, but the flame retardant may not be uniformly dispersed, and the combination with the ABS base material is poor, which affects the mechanical properties. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to improve the flame retardancy without affecting the mechanical properties, or even to improve the mechanical properties. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved is that, in view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material and a preparation method thereof, which uses a multi-layer structure technology to separate the flame-retardant and low-temperature-resistant functions, and uniformly distributes the flame-retardant filler in each layer, so as to improve the uniformity of the dispersion of the flame-retardant component, prevent agglomeration and uneven dispersion caused by excessive addition, and thus affect the flame-retardant effect and the mechanical properties.

[0004] Technical scheme: A low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the structure of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material is that the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer and the flame-retardant ABS layer are alternately stacked, and the number of layers of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer and the flame-retardant ABS layer is consistent, being 5-50 layers.

[0005] Further, the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer and the flame-retardant ABS layer is consistent, being 0.05-0.5mm.

[0006] Further, the preparation of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer master batch is as follows:

[0007] Step 1: take ABS base material powder and thermoplastic elastomer TPO powder with a mass ratio of 5:2, and mix them uniformly by using a high-speed mixer;

[0008] Step 2: melt blend and granulate in a twin-screw extruder to obtain a low-temperature-resistant ABS layer master batch.

[0009] Further, the double screw extrusion condition is that the extrusion temperature is 180-210 DEG C, the screw rotation speed is 300-350 r / min, and the screw length-diameter ratio is 45:1.

[0010] Further, the preparation of the flame-retardant ABS layer master batch is as follows:

[0011] Step 1: taking ABS base material powder and modified layered skarn particles with a mass ratio of 10: (2-3), uniformly mixing by using a high-speed mixer;

[0012] Step 2: adding into a double screw extruder for melt blending granulation, the temperature of each section of the double screw extruder is 170 DEG C, 185 DEG C, 190 DEG C and 180 DEG C respectively, and the flame-retardant ABS layer master batch is obtained.

[0013] Further, the preparation method of the modified layered skarn is as follows:

[0014] S1: mixing 100 parts of layered skarn powder, 2 parts of silane coupling agent and 2 parts of lanthanum oxide, stirring and heating, high-speed stirring at 80-110 DEG C for 10 min;

[0015] S2: baking at 120 DEG C for 2 h to obtain the modified layered skarn.

[0016] Further, the particle size of the modified layered skarn is less than or equal to 80 mu m.

[0017] The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material is characterized in that the method is as follows: simultaneously using two single screw extruders, adding low-temperature-resistant ABS layer master batch into one single screw extruder and adding flame-retardant ABS layer master batch into the other single screw extruder, respectively extruding, alternately stacking, and then obtaining the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film through laminating.

[0018] Further, the temperature of each section of the two single screw extruders is 170 DEG C, 185 DEG C, 190 DEG C and 180 DEG C respectively, and the extrusion die temperature is 180 DEG C.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material disclosed by the application adopts a multi-layer structure technology, separates the functions of flame retardation and low-temperature resistance, uniformly distributes the flame-retardant filler in each layer, can improve the uniformity of the dispersion of the flame-retardant component, prevents agglomeration and uneven dispersion caused by a large amount of addition, and thus affects the flame-retardant effect and the mechanical properties.

[0021] 2、The lanthana oxide used in the application is lanthanum introduced into the hydrophilic-lipophilic structure of the silane coupling agent, and the valence electron layer structure of the lanthanum element atom has many empty orbits, which can easily accept the lone pair electrons provided by various ligands to form coordination bonds. The bond energy of the coordination bond is much greater than the van der Waals force. Therefore, in addition to the conventional coupling effect, the lanthana oxide and the silane coupling agent can also form a multi-directional coordination combination centered on the lanthanum element between the ABS base material and the flame retardant, so that the compatibility between the formula components is simultaneously improved, and the performance of the composite material is comprehensively improved.

[0022] 3、The low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material has good low-temperature resistance, and the notched impact strength at-23 DEG C is at most 171 kJ / m 2 , has good mechanical properties, and the LOI can reach 33.2%, and has good flame retardant properties. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The application provides a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material and a preparation method thereof. In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effects of the application more clear and explicit, the application will be further described in detail in combination with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application, and are not used to limit the application.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] The preparation method of the modified layered skarn is as follows:

[0026] S1: 100 parts of layered skarn powder, 2 parts of silane coupling agent and 2 parts of lanthanum oxide are mixed, and stirring and heating are carried out at 100 DEG C under high-speed stirring for 10 min;

[0027] S2: baking at 120 DEG C for 2 h to obtain the modified layered skarn.

[0028] Embodiment 2

[0029] The preparation of the flame-retardant ABS layer master batch is as follows:

[0030] Step 1: 10:3 of ABS base material powder and the modified layered skarn particles with a particle size of less than 80 microns prepared in embodiment 1 are uniformly mixed by using a high-speed mixer;

[0031] Step 2: melt blending and granulation are carried out in a twin-screw extruder, and the temperature of each section of the twin-screw extruder is 170, 185, 190 and 180 DEG C respectively, to obtain the flame-retardant ABS layer master batch.

[0032] Embodiment 3

[0033] The preparation of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer master batch is as follows:

[0034] Step 1: Take ABS base material powder and thermoplastic elastomer TPO powder with a mass ratio of 5:2, and mix them uniformly with a high-speed mixer;

[0035] Step 2: Add to a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and granulation, with the following twin-screw extrusion conditions: extrusion temperature of 180℃, 195℃, 200℃, 210℃, screw speed of 330r / min, screw length-diameter ratio of 45:1, to obtain low-temperature-resistant ABS layer masterbatch.

[0036] Example 4

[0037] A method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the method being as follows: two single-screw extruders are used simultaneously, one adding the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer masterbatch prepared in Example 3 and the other adding the flame-retardant ABS layer masterbatch prepared in Example 2, which are extruded separately, with the temperature of each section of the two single-screw extruders being 170℃, 185℃, 190℃, and 180℃ respectively, and the extrusion die temperature being 180℃, and then alternately laminating and stacking to obtain a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film, with the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer being 0.05mm, 48 layers, the thickness of the flame-retardant ABS layer being 0.05mm, 48 layers, and the total thickness of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film being 4.8mm.

[0038] Example 5

[0039] A method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the method being as follows: two single-screw extruders are used simultaneously, one adding the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer masterbatch prepared in Example 3 and the other adding the flame-retardant ABS layer masterbatch prepared in Example 2, which are extruded separately, with the temperature of each section of the two single-screw extruders being 170℃, 185℃, 190℃, and 180℃ respectively, and the extrusion die temperature being 180℃, and then alternately laminating and stacking to obtain a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film, with the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer being 0.05mm, 50 layers, the thickness of the flame-retardant ABS layer being 0.05mm, 50 layers, and the total thickness of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film being 5mm.

[0040] Example 6

[0041] A method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the method being as follows: two single-screw extruders are used simultaneously, one adding the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer masterbatch prepared in Example 3 and the other adding the flame-retardant ABS layer masterbatch prepared in Example 2, which are extruded separately, with the temperature of each section of the two single-screw extruders being 170℃, 185℃, 190℃, and 180℃ respectively, and the extrusion die temperature being 180℃, and then alternately laminating and stacking to obtain a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film, with the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer being 0.1mm, 24 layers, the thickness of the flame-retardant ABS layer being 0.1mm, 24 layers, and the total thickness of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film being 4.8mm.

[0042] Example 7

[0043] A method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the method being as follows: two single-screw extruders are used simultaneously, one of which is added with the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 3, and the other of which is added with the flame-retardant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 2, and the two single-screw extruders are extruded respectively, the temperature of each section of the two single-screw extruders is 170, 185, 190, and 180°C respectively, the temperature of the extrusion die is 180°C, and the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film is obtained by alternately stacking and then laminating, the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer is 0.1 mm, and the number of layers is 25, the thickness of the flame-retardant ABS layer is 0.1 mm, and the number of layers is 25, and the total thickness of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film is 5 mm.

[0044] Example 8

[0045] A method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the method being as follows: two single-screw extruders are used simultaneously, one of which is added with the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 3, and the other of which is added with the flame-retardant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 2, and the two single-screw extruders are extruded respectively, the temperature of each section of the two single-screw extruders is 170, 185, 190, and 180°C respectively, the temperature of the extrusion die is 180°C, and the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film is obtained by alternately stacking and then laminating, the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer is 0.2 mm, and the number of layers is 12, the thickness of the flame-retardant ABS layer is 0.2 mm, and the number of layers is 12, and the total thickness of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film is 4.8 mm.

[0046] Example 9

[0047] A method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the method being as follows: two single-screw extruders are used simultaneously, one of which is added with the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 3, and the other of which is added with the flame-retardant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 2, and the two single-screw extruders are extruded respectively, the temperature of each section of the two single-screw extruders is 170, 185, 190, and 180°C respectively, the temperature of the extrusion die is 180°C, and the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film is obtained by alternately stacking and then laminating, the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer is 0.3 mm, and the number of layers is 8, the thickness of the flame-retardant ABS layer is 0.3 mm, and the number of layers is 8, and the total thickness of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film is 4.8 mm.

[0048] Example 10

[0049] A method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the method being as follows: two single-screw extruders are used simultaneously, one of which is added with the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 3, and the other of which is added with the flame-retardant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 2, and the two are extruded respectively, the temperature of each section of the two single-screw extruders being 170, 185, 190 and 180 DEG C respectively, the extrusion die temperature being 180 DEG C, and the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film being obtained by alternately stacking and then laminating, the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer having a thickness of 0.4 mm and 6 layers, the flame-retardant ABS layer having a thickness of 0.4 mm and 6 layers, and the total thickness of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film being 4.8 mm.

[0050] Example 11

[0051] A method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the method being as follows: two single-screw extruders are used simultaneously, one of which is added with the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 3, and the other of which is added with the flame-retardant ABS layer master batch prepared in Example 2, and the two are extruded respectively, the temperature of each section of the two single-screw extruders being 170, 185, 190 and 180 DEG C respectively, the extrusion die temperature being 180 DEG C, and the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film being obtained by alternately stacking and then laminating, the low-temperature-resistant ABS layer having a thickness of 0.5 mm and 5 layers, the flame-retardant ABS layer having a thickness of 0.5 mm and 5 layers, and the total thickness of the low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material film being 5 mm.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] The difference between this comparative example and Example 6 is that the same amount of ABS base material, thermoplastic elastomer TPO and modified layered skarn particles as in Example 6 are mixed together to prepare a single-layer film, which is as follows:

[0054] A method for preparing a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material, the method being as follows:

[0055] S1: the ABS base material, thermoplastic elastomer TPO and modified layered skarn particles are mixed and uniformly mixed by a high-speed mixer; S2: the double-screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation to obtain a master batch;

[0056] S3: the single-screw extruder is used for extrusion, the temperature of each section of the single-screw extruder being 170, 185, 190 and 180 DEG C, the extrusion die temperature being 180 DEG C, and a low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS film having a thickness of 4.8 mm being obtained.

[0057] The low-temperature-resistant flame-retardant ABS material is tested for mechanical properties, and the IZOD notched impact strength is tested according to the ASTM D256 standard, the sample thickness being 3.2 mm, and the test conditions being 23 DEG C / 30 min and -23 DEG C / 4 h; and the test is performed according to the ASTM D638 standard, and the test speed is 50 mm / min.

[0058] LOI tests were performed on the low temperature resistant flame retardant ABS materials.

[0059] Table 2 Properties of low temperature resistant flame retardant ABS materials

[0060]

Claims

1. A low-temperature resistant and flame-retardant ABS material, characterized in that, The structure of the low-temperature resistant and flame-retardant ABS material is an alternating superposition of low-temperature resistant ABS layers and flame-retardant ABS layers, with the same number of low-temperature resistant ABS layers and flame-retardant ABS layers, ranging from 5 to 50 layers. The flame-retardant ABS layer masterbatch is prepared as follows: Step 1: Take ABS base material powder and modified layered skarn particles with a mass ratio of 10:(2-3) and mix them evenly using a high-speed mixer; Step 2: Add to a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and granulation. The temperatures of each section of the twin-screw extruder are 170, 185, 190, and 180°C, respectively, to obtain flame-retardant ABS layer masterbatch. The method for preparing the modified layered skarn is as follows: S1: Mix 100 parts of layered skarn powder, 2 parts of silane coupling agent and 2 parts of lanthanum oxide, stir and heat, and stir at high speed for 10 minutes at 80-110℃; S2: Modified layered skarn is obtained by drying at 120℃ for 2 hours.

2. The low-temperature resistant flame-retardant ABS material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the low-temperature resistant ABS layer and the flame-retardant ABS layer is the same, which is 0.05-0.5mm.

3. A low-temperature resistant flame-retardant ABS material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The low-temperature resistant ABS layer masterbatch is prepared as follows: Step 1: Take ABS base powder and thermoplastic elastomer TPO powder with a mass ratio of 5:2 and mix them evenly using a high-speed mixer; Step 2: Add to a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and granulation to obtain low-temperature resistant ABS layer masterbatch.

4. The low-temperature resistant flame-retardant ABS material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The extrusion conditions of the twin-screw extruder are as follows: extrusion temperature of 180℃-210℃, screw speed of 300-350 r / min, and screw length-to-diameter ratio of 45:

1.

5. The low-temperature resistant flame-retardant ABS material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified layered skarn has a grain size ≤80μm.

6. A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant flame-retardant ABS material according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method is as follows: Use two single-screw extruders at the same time. Add low-temperature resistant ABS layer masterbatch to one extruder and flame-retardant ABS layer masterbatch to the other extruder. Extrude them separately, layer them alternately, and then combine them to obtain a low-temperature resistant and flame-retardant ABS material film.

7. The method for preparing a low-temperature resistant flame-retardant ABS material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperatures of each section of the two single-screw extruders are 170, 185, 190, and 180°C, respectively, and the die temperature at the extrusion nozzle is 180°C.

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