Flexible differential conveying swathing device and horizontal rape swathing machine

Abstract

The application discloses a flexible differential conveying swathing device and a horizontal rape swathing machine, which comprises a cross cutter installed at the front end of a frame, a laying table installed behind the cross cutter, a conveying mechanism for conveying and cutting crops installed in the laying table, a grain separating mechanism installed at one end of the laying table, and a grain discharging end arranged at the other end of the laying table; the conveying mechanism comprises a first conveying group installed at the rear side of the laying table and a second conveying group installed at the front side of the laying table, the first conveying group and the second conveying group are arranged in parallel to the cross cutter, the conveying speed of the first conveying group is higher than that of the second conveying group, the first driving tooth of the first conveying group and the second driving tooth of the second conveying group both extend out of the laying table, and the installation interval of the first driving tooth is larger than that of the second driving tooth. The application can improve the laying quality of rape stalks of the horizontal rape swathing machine and reduce the loss in the rape harvesting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to mechanized segmented harvesting machinery for rapeseed, specifically to a flexible differential conveying and drying device and a horizontal rapeseed harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Rapeseed segmented harvesting machinery is currently one of the key research areas in the field of rapeseed harvesting machinery. Rapeseed stalk harvesters are important implements for segmented rapeseed harvesting, and are divided into horizontal stalk harvesters and vertical stalk harvesters. Due to the biological characteristics of rapeseed plants, such as their tall stature, numerous branches, and intertwined nature, existing horizontal stalk harvesters use a lateral conveying and side-laying method for harvesting (such as Chinese patent CN206491012U). However, existing horizontal stalk harvesters generally suffer from poor stability of the laid rapeseed stalks and large differences in laying angle, resulting in unstable feeding and incomplete harvesting during subsequent picking operations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of existing horizontal rapeseed harvesters, such as poor stability of rapeseed stalks and large differences in laying angle. The present invention provides a flexible differential speed conveying harvester and a horizontal rapeseed harvester that can improve the quality of rapeseed stalk laying in horizontal rapeseed harvesters and reduce losses during rapeseed harvesting.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A flexible differential speed conveying reaming device includes a cross-cutting blade installed at the front end of a frame and a laying platform installed behind the cross-cutting blade. A conveying mechanism for conveying the cut crops is installed within the laying platform, wherein:

[0006] One end of the laying platform is equipped with a grain-dividing mechanism, and the other end is set as a grain-discharging end;

[0007] The conveying mechanism includes a first conveying group installed on the rear side of the laying platform and a second conveying group installed on the front side of the laying platform. The first conveying group and the second conveying group are arranged in parallel with the cross-cutting blade, and the conveying speed of the first conveying group is higher than that of the second conveying group.

[0008] The first conveying group includes a first driving wheel, a first driven wheel, a first conveying chain mounted on the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel, and a plurality of first teeth mounted on the outer periphery of the first conveying chain. The second conveying group includes a second driving wheel, a second driven wheel, a second conveying chain mounted on the second driving wheel and the second driven wheel, and a plurality of second teeth mounted on the outer periphery of the second conveying chain. Both the first teeth and the second teeth extend out of the laying table, and the installation spacing of the first teeth on the first conveying chain is greater than the installation spacing of the second teeth on the second conveying chain.

[0009] The applicant of this invention discovered that the rapeseed stalks deviate from the machine's forward direction due to differences in the timing of their contact with the teeth of the laying platform, and the fact that the conveying speeds on the front and rear sides of the laying platform are the same. Ideally, the rapeseed stalks should be placed parallel to the machine's forward direction. This results in poor stability of the rapeseed stalks, large differences in laying angles, and consequently, unstable feeding and incomplete picking during subsequent operations. Based on this, this invention addresses this issue by setting the laying platform parallel to the cross-cutting blade, with a first conveyor group installed on the rear side (away from the cross-cutting blade) and a second conveyor group installed on the front side (closer to the cross-cutting blade). The first conveyor group has a higher conveying speed than the second conveyor group. This ensures that during the process of the rapeseed stalks being cut and falling onto the laying platform, the lower end of the stalk contacts the second conveyor group first and is conveyed at a slower speed, while the upper end (silique layer) subsequently contacts the first conveyor group and is conveyed at a faster speed. This allows the rapeseed stalks to be thrown out in an attitude as parallel to the machine's forward direction as possible. In addition, the installation spacing of the first teeth on the first conveyor chain is greater than the installation spacing of the second teeth on the second conveyor chain. As a result, when the upper end of the rapeseed stalk (the silique layer, which has many branches) falls down, the larger spacing of the first teeth can reduce the entanglement between the first teeth and the silique layer, which is conducive to the smooth throwing out of the rapeseed stalk. This further ensures that the laying direction of the rapeseed stalk is parallel to the forward direction of the machine, thereby not only improving the laying stability of the rapeseed stalk, but also ensuring that the laying angle is standard, the subsequent picking operation has a stable feeding amount, and the picking is thorough, thus minimizing the loss during the rapeseed harvesting process.

[0010] Preferably, the discharge end includes an inclined platform and an arc-shaped spraying surface arranged sequentially along the discharge direction, so that the prying teeth gradually unload the rapeseed stems, achieving both stable transmission and the purpose of throwing.

[0011] Preferably, the radius of the spreading surface is greater than the length of the first tooth and the second tooth, respectively. When the first tooth and the second tooth rotate to the discharge end, the first tooth and the second tooth retract into the spreading platform, which plays a role in unloading the force in advance, thereby effectively preventing the tooth from bringing the rapeseed stalks into the machine when rotating.

[0012] Preferably, the slope angle α of the inclined platform is 12° to 18°, the central angle β of the spraying surface is 64° to 72°, and the distance between the spraying surface and the first or second tooth is 5 to 10 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the top tips of the first and second teeth on the discharge side are designed as arc-shaped curves. In the prior art, straight teeth are commonly used, and during rotation, the linear velocity at the tip of the tooth is relatively high, easily drawing rapeseed into the machine. This invention designs the top tips of the teeth on the discharge side as arc-shaped curves, effectively mitigating the conveying of rapeseed stalks during tooth rotation by utilizing the sliding cut of the arc-shaped curves, thus effectively throwing the cut rapeseed stalks out of the laying platform.

[0014] Preferably, the equation of the arc curve is: (x-20) 2 +(y-120) 2 =20 2 , where x is the width of the tooth and y is the length of the tooth, and 0≤x≤20, y≥0.

[0015] Preferably, the first drive wheel and the second drive wheel are mounted on the same drive roller, and the first drive wheel and the second drive wheel are of the same model, with the number of teeth of the first drive wheel being greater than the number of teeth of the second drive wheel.

[0016] Preferably, the first conveying group and the second conveying group each include two conveying chains, and the distance between the conveying chains in the first conveying group is greater than the distance between the conveying chains in the second conveying group.

[0017] Preferably, the distance between the first conveyor group and the second conveyor group is equal to the conveyor chain spacing of the first conveyor group.

[0018] Preferably, the dividing mechanism includes a vertical cutter and a divider, wherein the vertical cutter is installed perpendicular to the horizontal cutter and above the divider. During field operations, the rapeseed plants are first passively divided by the divider, and then actively divided by the vertical cutter cutting the intersecting rapeseed branches, thus dividing the rapeseed into harvesting and unharvested areas.

[0019] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a horizontal rapeseed harvester, which includes a power chassis and the power chassis is connected to the flexible differential conveying harvester.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The present invention employs differential conveying for the upper and lower ends of rapeseed stalks: even if the conveying speed of the first conveying group is higher than that of the second conveying group, during the process of the rapeseed stalks being cut and tilted towards the laying platform, the lower end of the rapeseed stalks first contacts the second conveying group and is conveyed at a slower speed, while the upper end (silique layer) of the rapeseed stalks then contacts the first conveying group and is conveyed at a faster speed. In this way, when the rapeseed stalks are thrown out, they can be thrown out in an attitude as parallel to the direction of the machine's movement as possible.

[0022] 2. In this invention, the teeth on the second conveyor group near the cross-cutting blade are arranged more densely, while those on the second conveyor group further away from the cross-cutting blade are arranged more sparsely. This way, when the upper end of the rapeseed stalk (the silique layer, which has many branches) falls down, the larger spacing between the first teeth reduces entanglement between the first teeth and the silique layer, facilitating the smooth ejection of the rapeseed stalk. This further ensures that the laying direction of the rapeseed stalk is parallel to the machine's forward direction, thereby improving not only the stability of the rapeseed stalk laying but also ensuring a standard laying angle. This results in a stable feed rate for subsequent picking operations, thorough picking, and minimizing losses during rapeseed harvesting.

[0023] 3. The radius of the spreading surface at the discharge end of the laying platform of the present invention is greater than the length of the first tooth and the second tooth respectively. When the first tooth and the second tooth rotate to the discharge end, the first tooth and the second tooth retract into the laying platform, which plays a role in unloading the force in advance, thereby effectively preventing the tooth from bringing the rapeseed stalks into the machine when rotating.

[0024] 4. In this invention, the top ends of the first and second teeth on the discharge side are set as arc curves. The arc curve surface can be used to effectively slow down the conveying of rapeseed stalks when the teeth rotate, and effectively throw the cut rapeseed stalks out of the laying platform. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the flexible differential conveying and drying device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a 3D view of the laying platform.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a 3D diagram of the conveying mechanism.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the prying teeth.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a 3D diagram of the first and second transport groups.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the laying platform. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 An embodiment of the flexible differential conveying and drying device of the present invention includes a dividing rib 1, a protective cover 2, a conveying mechanism 3, a horizontal cutter 4, a reel 5, a vertical cutter 6, a divider 7, a laying platform 8, a second tooth 9, a drive roller 10, a first drive wheel 11, a second drive wheel 12, a second conveying chain 13, a second driven roller 14, a first driven roller 15, a first driven wheel 16, a second driven wheel 17, a first tooth 18, a first conveying chain 19, and a frame 20.

[0036] A reel 5 and a spreading platform 8 are mounted on the frame 20, with the spreading platform 8 installed below the reel 5. A dividing mechanism is installed at one end of the spreading platform 8, and the other end is designated as the discharge end. A cross-cutting blade 4 is installed on the front side of the spreading platform 8, and a conveying mechanism 3 for transporting the cut crop is installed inside the spreading platform 8. A dividing rib 1 is installed behind the discharge end of the spreading platform 8 to facilitate straightening the rapeseed stalks after they have been thrown.

[0037] The dividing mechanism includes a vertical cutter 6 and a divider 7. The vertical cutter 6 is installed perpendicular to the horizontal cutter 4 and is mounted above the divider 7. During field operations, the rapeseed plants are first passively divided by the divider 7, and then actively divided by the vertical cutter 6 cutting the intersecting rapeseed branches, thus dividing the rapeseed into a harvesting area and a waiting area.

[0038] The conveying mechanism 3 includes a first conveying group installed on the rear side of the laying platform 8 and a second conveying group installed on the front side of the laying platform 8. The first conveying group and the second conveying group are arranged in parallel with the cross-cutting blade 4, and the conveying speed of the first conveying group is higher than that of the second conveying group.

[0039] The first conveying group includes a first driving wheel 11, a first driven wheel 16, a first conveying chain 19 mounted on the first driving wheel 11 and the first driven wheel 16, and a plurality of first teeth 18 mounted on the outer periphery of the first conveying chain 19.

[0040] The second conveying group includes a second driving wheel 12, a second driven wheel 17, a second conveying chain 13 mounted on the second driving wheel 12 and the second driven wheel 17, and a plurality of second teeth 9 mounted on the outer periphery of the second conveying chain 13.

[0041] The laying table 8 is provided with multiple tooth channels 22 parallel to the cross-cutting blade 4. The tops of the first tooth 18 and the second tooth 9 extend out of the tooth channels 22 from the laying table 8, and the installation spacing of the first tooth 18 on the first conveyor chain is greater than the installation spacing of the second tooth 9 on the second conveyor chain.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first drive wheel 11 and the second drive wheel 12 are sprockets of the same model but with different numbers of teeth, and the number of teeth on the first drive wheel 11 is greater than the number of teeth on the second drive wheel 12, so as to achieve differential speed conveying of the first conveying group and the second conveying group by the different number of teeth on the first drive wheel 11 and the second drive wheel 12. Specifically, both the first drive wheel 11 and the second drive wheel 12 are 10A type sprockets, the first drive wheel 11 has 14 teeth and the second drive wheel 12 has 10 teeth.

[0043] To simplify the conveying mechanism 3, in this embodiment, the first drive wheel 11 and the second drive wheel 12 are mounted on the same drive roller 10.

[0044] Since the first driving wheel 11 and the second driving wheel 12 operate at different speeds, in this invention, the first driven wheel 16 is mounted on the first driven roller 15, and the second driven wheel 12 is mounted on the second driven roller 14.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, to prevent rapeseed stems from being carried into the laying platform 8, the top ends of the first tooth 18 and the second tooth 9 on the reaming side are designed as arc curves 21. Assuming the total length of the first tooth 18 and the second tooth 9 is 140 mm, the equation of the arc curve 21 is: (x-20) 2 +(y-120) 2 =20 2(0≤x≤20,y≥0), in this equation, the origin is the bottom point of the tooth's discharge side, the length direction of the tooth is the Y-axis, the width direction of the tooth is the X-axis, x is the width of the tooth, and y is the length of the tooth.

[0046] In existing technologies, straight pick teeth are commonly used. During rotation, the high linear velocity at the tip of the pick teeth makes it easy for rapeseed to be carried into the machine. This invention sets the tip of the pick teeth on the discharge side as an arc curve 21. The sliding cut of the arc curve 21 effectively mitigates the conveying of rapeseed stalks during the rotation of the pick teeth, and can effectively throw the cut rapeseed stalks out of the laying platform 8.

[0047] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the first conveying group and the second conveying group each include two conveying chains, and the conveying chain spacing of the first conveying group (250mm) is greater than that of the second conveying group (120mm). The spacing between the first and second conveying groups (250mm) is equal to the conveying chain spacing of the first conveying group (250mm), so as to further make the conveying speed of the second conveying group less than that of the first conveying group, ensuring that the upper end of the rapeseed stalk is conveyed at a higher conveying speed and faster, while the lower end of the rapeseed stalk is conveyed at a lower conveying speed and slower. This ensures that the laying direction of the rapeseed stalk after it lands is parallel to the machine's forward direction, ensuring a stable feed rate and thorough picking in subsequent operations.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the discharge end includes a sloping platform 81 and an arc-shaped spraying surface 82 arranged sequentially along the discharge direction, so that the first and second teeth gradually relieve the force on the rapeseed stems, achieving both smooth conveying and throwing. Preferably, the sloping angle α of the sloping platform 81 is 12° to 18°, the central angle β of the spraying surface 82 is 64° to 72°, and the distance Δx between the spraying surface 82 and the first tooth 18 or the second tooth 9 is 5 to 10 mm.

[0049] To achieve lateral anti-blockage throwing, the radius of the throwing surface 82 at the end of the laying platform 8 is greater than the length of the first tooth 18 and the second tooth 9. When the first tooth 18 and the second tooth 9 move to the end of the laying platform, the first tooth 18 and the second tooth 9 retract into the laying platform 8, which plays a role in unloading the force in advance, thereby effectively preventing the first and second teeth from bringing the rapeseed stalks into the laying platform 8 and causing blockage when rotating.

[0050] To prevent rapeseed stalks from getting caught in the reel 5, a protective cover 2 is installed on the transmission mechanism of the reel 5.

[0051] When the horizontal rapeseed harvester of the present invention is in use, the frame 20 is mounted on a tracked power chassis. The power of the tracked power chassis is transmitted to the drive roller 10 and the reel 5 via a gearbox and chain drive. The drive roller 10 drives the first and second drive wheels 11 and 12 to rotate, thereby driving the first conveyor chain 19, the second conveyor chain 13, and the first and second reel teeth 18 and 9 to rotate, so that the first and second reel teeth 18 and 9 move along a prescribed route. At the same time, the reel 5 is driven by a belt to rotate around the reel shaft and push the rapeseed stalks toward the machine. On the other hand, the horizontal cutter 3 and the vertical cutter 6 are driven to reciprocate through the eccentric wheel rocker mechanism and the crank connecting rod mechanism (not shown in the figure). During field operations, the rapeseed plants are first passively separated by the divider 7, and then actively separated by the vertical cutter 6, which cuts the intersecting rapeseed branches, dividing the rapeseed into a harvesting area and a waiting area. The rapeseed in the harvesting area is tilted towards the conveying mechanism 3 under the action of the reel 5 and is cut when it comes into contact with the horizontal cutter 4. The cut rapeseed stalks fall towards the laying platform 8 under their own weight. During the falling process, the rapeseed stalks come into contact with the second reel 9 and the first reel 18 in sequence from the root to the silique layer. The rapeseed stalks are then moved to the discharge end and thrown out under the conveying of the second reel 9 and the first reel 18. With the assistance of the divider rib 1, they are laid in an orderly manner on the stubble left on the side of the machine, achieving the effect of overlapping the beginning and end.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible differential speed conveying and stalking device, comprising a cross-cutting blade mounted at the front end of a frame and a laying platform mounted behind the cross-cutting blade, wherein a conveying mechanism for conveying cut crops is installed within the laying platform, characterized in that: One end of the laying platform is equipped with a grain-dividing mechanism, and the other end is set as a grain-discharging end; The conveying mechanism includes a first conveying group installed on the rear side of the laying platform and a second conveying group installed on the front side of the laying platform. The first conveying group and the second conveying group are arranged in parallel with the cross-cutting blade, and the conveying speed of the first conveying group is higher than that of the second conveying group. The first conveying group includes a first driving wheel, a first driven wheel, a first conveying chain mounted on the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel, and a plurality of first teeth mounted on the outer periphery of the first conveying chain. The second conveying group includes a second driving wheel, a second driven wheel, a second conveying chain mounted on the second driving wheel and the second driven wheel, and a plurality of second teeth mounted on the outer periphery of the second conveying chain. Both the first teeth and the second teeth extend out of the laying table, and the installation spacing of the first teeth on the first conveying chain is greater than the installation spacing of the second teeth on the second conveying chain. The first conveying group and the second conveying group each include two conveying chains, and the distance between the conveying chains in the first conveying group is greater than the distance between the conveying chains in the second conveying group.

2. The flexible differential conveying and drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge end includes a sloping platform and an arc-shaped spraying surface arranged sequentially along the discharge direction.

3. The flexible differential conveying and drying device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radius of the spreading surface is greater than the length of the first tooth and the second tooth, respectively. When the first tooth and the second tooth move to the discharge end, the first tooth and the second tooth retract into the spreading platform.

4. The flexible differential conveying and drying device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle of the inclined platform α The central angle of the sprayed surface is 12° to 18°. β The angle is 64°~72°, and the distance between the spraying surface and the first or second tooth is 5~10mm.

5. The flexible differential conveying and drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top ends of the first and second teeth on the discharge side are set as arc curves.

6. The flexible differential conveying and drying device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The equation of the arc curve is: Where x is the width of the grating teeth, y is the length of the grating teeth, and , .

7. The flexible differential conveying and drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drive wheel and the second drive wheel are mounted on the same drive roller, and the first drive wheel and the second drive wheel are of the same model. The number of teeth on the first drive wheel is less than the number of teeth on the second drive wheel.

8. The flexible differential conveying and drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first conveyor group and the second conveyor group is equal to the distance between the conveyor chains of the first conveyor group.

9. A horizontal rapeseed harvester, comprising a power chassis, characterized in that, The power chassis is connected to the flexible differential conveying and drying device according to any one of claims 1-8.

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