Method and apparatus for establishing a link in a short wave communication system

Abstract

The application provides a short wave communication system link establishment method and device, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: in the case that the base station is in a measurement state, sending a call message through each available frequency point in turn; receiving a response message sent by a terminal through each available frequency point; determining the downlink channel quality and the uplink channel quality of each available frequency point based on the response message; determining a target operating frequency point from each available frequency point based on the target terminal quantity corresponding to each available frequency point, wherein the downlink channel quality and the uplink channel quality of the target operating frequency point are both higher than a channel quality threshold; and sending a confirmation message through the currently camped available frequency point. The short wave communication system link establishment method and device provided in the application can reduce the hardware cost and improve the reliability of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for establishing a link in a shortwave communication system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional shortwave communication refers to a wireless communication method that uses radio waves in the 3-30MHz frequency band for information transmission. It has advantages such as wide coverage and long transmission distance, reaching tens of thousands of kilometers, but its transmission rate is relatively low. Currently, the widely used 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) technology uses technologies such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) waveforms, and its transmission rate is significantly higher than that of traditional shortwave systems, but its cell coverage is only a few hundred meters. Combining shortwave and 5G technologies to achieve long-distance 5G air interface transmission is called a 5G shortwave communication system. This system features wide coverage and high transmission rate.

[0003] 5G shortwave communication systems, especially in TDD (Time Division Duplexing) mode, differ significantly from traditional shortwave communication systems in terms of operating mode, timing, and waveform. They generally use a method similar to the first-generation ALE (Automatic Link Establishment): when there is a communication need, additional detection equipment is used to detect the transmission characteristics of each frequency point, and then the operating frequency point is selected based on the detection results. Sometimes, operator intervention is required. This method has high hardware costs and is not flexible enough. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method and apparatus for establishing a link in a shortwave communication system, which enables base stations and terminals to automatically switch operating frequencies, thereby solving the problems of high cost and lack of flexibility in establishing links in existing 5G shortwave communication systems.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a link establishment method for a shortwave communication system, applied to a base station, the method comprising:

[0006] When the base station is in measurement mode, call messages are sent sequentially through each available frequency point;

[0007] The receiving terminal sends response messages through each available frequency point; the response messages are generated by the terminal after measuring the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the call message;

[0008] The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of each available frequency point are determined based on the response message.

[0009] Based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point, a target operating frequency point is determined from each available frequency point; the target operating frequency point is the frequency point used by the base station to transmit service data in service state;

[0010] A confirmation message is sent using the currently available frequency point, and the confirmation message carries the target operating frequency point information.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of sequentially sending call messages through each available frequency point includes:

[0012] Based on the preset detection period of each available frequency, call messages are sent through each available frequency.

[0013] The call message includes information about the next available frequency point for which the base station will send the call message.

[0014] In one embodiment, determining the target operating frequency from the available frequency points includes any one of the following:

[0015] The available frequency point with the largest number of corresponding target terminals is taken as the target working frequency point;

[0016] Select one of the available frequency points from those where the number of corresponding target terminals exceeds the quantity threshold as the target working frequency point.

[0017] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0018] The base station switches from service state to measurement state under any of the following conditions:

[0019] The communication quality of the currently used available frequency points is lower than the communication quality threshold, and the preset detection period has expired; the preset detection period expired means that there are available frequency points where the preset detection period has arrived but the base station has not sent a call message.

[0020] There is no service data transmission on the currently used available frequency points, and the preset detection period has timed out;

[0021] The communication quality of all available frequency points is below the communication quality threshold;

[0022] The base station maintains its service status under the following conditions:

[0023] If the communication quality of the currently used available frequency is lower than the communication quality threshold and there is no preset detection period timeout, the base station will switch to a different available frequency.

[0024] The base station switches from measurement state to service state under any of the following conditions:

[0025] The downlink and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and there is no preset detection period timeout.

[0026] The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has reached the number threshold.

[0027] The base station maintains measurement status under the following conditions:

[0028] If the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the preset detection period has expired and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has not reached the number threshold, then the base station switches available frequency points to send call messages.

[0029] In one embodiment, when the base station is in a measurement state, the time-domain resource configuration of the base station includes, in sequence: M×C downlink time slots, P uplink time slots, and 1 downlink time slot;

[0030] The M×C downlink time slots are used to transmit the call message. The value of M is determined by the number of uplink time slots between the two nearest target time slots used to transmit downlink data in the time division duplex (TDD) mode frame structure. The target time slots are downlink time slots or flexible time slots, and C is the total number of available frequency points.

[0031] The P uplink time slots are used to transmit the response message, and the value of P is determined by the number of terminals that the base station can accommodate.

[0032] The one downlink time slot is used to transmit the confirmation message.

[0033] In one embodiment, the base station stays at each available frequency point for a minimum of M×C time slots.

[0034] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a link establishment method for a shortwave communication system, applied to a terminal, the method comprising:

[0035] When the terminal is in measurement mode, it receives call messages sent by the base station through the available frequency points it accesses;

[0036] Based on the call message, the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points is measured, and a response message is sent through the available frequency points;

[0037] The response message includes downlink channel quality information; the response message is used by the base station to determine a target operating frequency from among the available frequency points; the target operating frequency is the frequency used by the base station to transmit service data in service state.

[0038] In one embodiment, the call message includes information about the next available frequency point that the base station wants to switch to.

[0039] In one embodiment, the terminal further includes a scanning state;

[0040] In the scanning state, the terminal searches for target messages and SSB messages. The target messages include the call message, the response message, and the confirmation message sent by the terminal. The confirmation message carries the target operating frequency information.

[0041] The terminal also includes a service status, which is the status of transmitting service data.

[0042] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0043] If the terminal finds the target message and the SSB information while scanning, it completes downlink time synchronization based on the SSB information and performs the following operations:

[0044] If the target message is a call message from the base station in service status, then:

[0045] If the current time is within an SSB time slot, the terminal will perform random access to enter the service state;

[0046] If the current time is not in an SSB time slot, and the call message indicates that the frequency point will not be switched in the current working cycle, then the terminal will wait for the next working cycle to perform random access in order to enter the service state.

[0047] If the current time is not in an SSB time slot, and the call message indicates a frequency switch for the current work cycle, then the terminal switches the frequency and waits to search for the call message again.

[0048] If the target message is a call message from the base station in measurement mode, then:

[0049] The terminal selects time-frequency resources based on its own ID to generate the response message and waits to receive the confirmation message;

[0050] If the target message is the response message, then:

[0051] The terminal waits for a fixed number of time slots to attempt to receive the confirmation message;

[0052] If the target message is the confirmation message, then:

[0053] The terminal responds to the confirmation message by switching frequency points;

[0054] If the terminal is in a service state or a measurement state and cannot receive the target message, it will switch to the scanning state.

[0055] When the terminal is in service mode or measurement mode, the state is switched according to the target message.

[0056] In one embodiment, when the terminal is in a scanning state, the terminal stays on an available frequency point for at least M time slots.

[0057] The value of M is determined by the number of uplink time slots between the two nearest target time slots used for transmitting downlink data in the time division duplex (TDD) mode frame structure. The target time slots are either downlink time slots or flexible time slots.

[0058] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a link establishment device for a shortwave communication system, applied to a base station, the device comprising:

[0059] The detection module is used to sequentially detect when the base station is in measurement mode.

[0060] Send call messages using available frequencies;

[0061] The receiving module is used to receive a response message sent by the terminal through an available frequency point; the response message is generated by the terminal after measuring the downlink channel quality of the available frequency point based on the call message;

[0062] The determination module is used to determine the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of available frequency points based on the response message;

[0063] The filtering module is used to determine the target operating frequency point from each available frequency point based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point; the target operating frequency point is the frequency point used by the base station to transmit service data in service state;

[0064] The notification module is used to send an acknowledgment message through the currently available frequency point, the acknowledgment message carrying the target operating frequency point information.

[0065] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a shortwave communication system link establishment device, applied to a terminal, the device comprising:

[0066] The receiving module is used to receive call messages sent by the base station through the available frequency points accessed when the terminal is in a measurement state.

[0067] The response module is used to measure the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the call message, and send a response message through the available frequency points;

[0068] The response message includes downlink channel quality information; the response message is used by the base station to determine a target operating frequency from among the available frequency points; the target operating frequency is the frequency used by the base station to transmit service data in service state.

[0069] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0070] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0071] The shortwave communication system link establishment method and apparatus provided in this invention enable the base station and terminal to perform frequency detection functions, so as to periodically detect and evaluate all frequency points in combination with service status, and select and switch the working frequency point in real time according to the evaluation results. Therefore, on the one hand, the frequency detection function can be integrated into the shortwave communication system, reducing hardware costs, and on the other hand, the flexible switching of the working frequency point can be achieved, improving the reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0072] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0073] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 5G shortwave communication system applicable to the TDD mode of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the link establishment method for a shortwave communication system provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0075] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of time slot allocation of a base station in measurement state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the time-frequency resource occupation of the CALL PDU when the base station is in LINK state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the time-frequency resource occupation of the CALL PDU when the base station is in SOUND state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the time-frequency resource usage of the RESPOND PDU according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shortwave transmission path;

[0080] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of base station dwell time according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 9 This is the second flowchart illustrating the link establishment method for a shortwave communication system provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0082] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the TDD mode frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of terminal dwell time according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 12 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the shortwave communication system link establishment device provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 13 This is the second schematic diagram of the shortwave communication system link establishment device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0087] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0088] It should be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms.

[0089] The terms “comprising” and “including” indicate the presence of the described feature, whole, step, operation, element and / or component, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0090] To facilitate understanding and implementation of the shortwave communication system link establishment method and apparatus proposed in this invention, the following describes the technical content involved by the applicant in creating this invention:

[0091] The link establishment method for shortwave communication systems proposed in this invention can be applied to 5G shortwave communication systems in TDD mode, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the TDD mode 5G shortwave communication system has a star topology, with the base station at the center, and the base station can manage multiple terminals.

[0092] Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the link establishment method for a shortwave communication system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this embodiment of the invention may include:

[0093] Step 210: With the base station in measurement mode, send call messages sequentially through each available frequency point;

[0094] Step 220: Receive response messages sent by the terminal through each available frequency point; the response message is generated by the terminal after measuring the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the call message;

[0095] Step 230: Determine the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality for each available frequency point based on the response message;

[0096] Step 240: Based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point, determine the target operating frequency point from each available frequency point; the target operating frequency point is the frequency point used by the base station to transmit service data in service state;

[0097] Step 250: Send an acknowledgment message through the currently available frequency point. The acknowledgment message carries the target operating frequency point information.

[0098] It should be noted that the entity executing the above-mentioned shortwave communication system link establishment method can be a base station.

[0099] In this embodiment, the base station and the terminal can be pre-configured. For example, the base station can be configured with C available frequency points, the maximum number of terminals managed by the base station can be configured as N, and a terminal ID: UeID (0 to N-1) can be configured for each terminal.

[0100] Among them, the available frequency points are the frequency points maintained by the shortwave communication system, that is, the frequency points that the base station and the terminal can use when conducting data interaction.

[0101] Traditional 5G communication systems operate on a single frequency, and the link establishment process is a random access process after the terminal successfully receives the SSB (Synchronization Signal and PBCH block) (Physical Broadcast Channel). However, the shortwave communication system link establishment method provided by this invention allows the system to maintain multiple frequency points simultaneously. The link establishment process adds the selection of the operating frequency point; that is, the base station selects a suitable operating frequency point in real time based on the terminal and channel characteristics, and sends a call message to announce the operating frequency point to be used in the next working cycle. New terminals randomly access the current operating frequency point, while terminals that have already successfully accessed the network switch frequencies with the base station.

[0102] The working cycle can be the cycle during which the base station transmits the SSB.

[0103] In step 210, when the base station is in measurement mode, the base station can sequentially send call information through each available frequency point to obtain the channel quality information of each available frequency point.

[0104] Once the base station camps on an available frequency, it will continuously send call messages through the available frequency so that terminals accessing the available frequency can receive the call messages.

[0105] In step 220, the base station receives response messages sent by the terminal through each available frequency point.

[0106] Upon receiving a call message, the terminal measures the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points it accesses based on the call information, and sends the channel quality measurement results to the base station via the available frequency points it accesses through a response message.

[0107] The base station will receive response messages through each available frequency.

[0108] The call message and response message can be specifically implemented by RRC (Radio Resource Control) or MAC CE (Medium Access Control Element) messages, such as PDU (Protocol Data Unit). This embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0109] The technical solution of the present invention will be described below using CALL PDU as an example and RESPOND PDU as a response message.

[0110] In step 230, the base station determines the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the response message.

[0111] After the base station receives the terminal's RESPOND PDU through the call channel of each available frequency point, it will determine the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of each available frequency point based on the RESPOND PDU.

[0112] It should be noted that channel quality can be specifically represented by LQA (Link Quality Analysis). LQA can specifically include downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality; channel quality can be specifically represented by the SNR (Signal-Noise Ratio) parameter. Of course, channel quality can also be represented by other parameters, such as RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power), etc., but this embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit this.

[0113] The following text will use downlink channel quality SNR_D and uplink channel quality SNR_U as examples to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention.

[0114] Specifically, after receiving the RESPOND PDU, the base station can directly parse the SNR_D of the available frequency points from the RESPOND PDU and measure the SNR_U based on the RESPOND PDU.

[0115] In step 240, the base station can store LQA information in units of "terminal / frequency" to summarize information such as the number of terminals accessing each available frequency, the downlink channel quality of each available frequency, and the uplink channel quality of each available frequency. An example of the LQA storage structure is shown in Table 1, where terminals can be distinguished using a pre-configured UeID.

[0116] Table 1. Example of LQA storage structure

[0117]

[0118] It should be noted that when there are multiple terminals, response conflicts may occur. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention can use the pre-configured UeID of the terminals to distinguish the order of responses. For example, when the base station receives response messages from multiple terminals simultaneously, it can respond in descending or ascending order based on the size of the UeID of each terminal.

[0119] Once the base station obtains the information for each frequency point as shown in Table 1, it can determine the target operating frequency point from among the available frequency points based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point.

[0120] In step 250, after the base station determines the target operating frequency information, it will send call information carrying the target operating frequency information through the call channel of the currently camped available frequency.

[0121] After receiving a call message carrying the target operating frequency information, the terminal will switch frequencies according to the call message to transmit service data with the terminal on the target operating frequency.

[0122] The currently used available frequency point refers to the frequency point currently used by the base station, and the currently used available frequency point can be any of the available frequency points for which the base station wants to obtain uplink channel quality and downlink channel quality.

[0123] Since the base station will only send an acknowledgment message after determining the target operating frequency information, the base station may be in a service state or still in a measurement state when it sends the acknowledgment message (for example, the target operating frequency has been determined based on existing channel quality measurement results).

[0124] The confirmation message can be implemented using RRC or MAC CE messages, specifically such as PDUs. This embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0125] The technical solution of the present invention will be described below using the ACK PDU confirmation message as an example.

[0126] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this invention enables base stations and terminals to perform frequency detection functions, thereby periodically detecting and evaluating all frequency points in conjunction with service status, and selecting and switching working frequency points in real time based on the evaluation results. Therefore, on the one hand, the frequency detection function can be integrated into the shortwave communication system, reducing hardware costs, and on the other hand, flexible switching of working frequency points can be achieved, improving the reliability of the system.

[0127] In one embodiment, sending call messages sequentially through each available frequency point includes:

[0128] Based on the preset detection period of each available frequency, call messages are sent through each available frequency.

[0129] The call message includes information about the next available frequency for the base station to send the call message.

[0130] Base stations can set their own timer T for each available frequency point. LQA_fx (x=0,1,…,C-1), thereby enabling periodic measurement and updating of LQA at each available frequency point.

[0131] For example, when the available frequency point Fx is timer T LQA_fx When the timeout occurs, the base station can send a call message through the available frequency point Fx to obtain the LQA information of the available frequency point Fx.

[0132] By setting different timers T for each available frequency point LQA_fx The base station can then systematically detect LQA information for each available frequency point.

[0133] Furthermore, the call message may also include information about the next available frequency point for the base station to send the call message, so that the terminal can switch to the next available frequency point in a timely manner to complete the detection operation of the next available frequency point.

[0134] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this invention collects LQA information by means of a preset detection period based on each available frequency point, and informs the next available frequency point to acquire LQA information by means of a preview, which can realize the orderly collection of LQA information and improve the success rate of LQA information collection.

[0135] In one embodiment, determining the target operating frequency from the available frequency points includes any of the following:

[0136] The available frequency point with the largest number of corresponding target terminals is taken as the target working frequency point;

[0137] Select one of the available frequency points from those where the number of corresponding target terminals exceeds the threshold as the target operating frequency point.

[0138] After obtaining the LQA information fed back by the terminals at each available frequency point, the system will determine the number of target terminals at each available frequency point whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold.

[0139] The channel quality threshold can be adjusted according to actual service requirements. For example, the channel quality (SNR) threshold can be set to 0dB for voice and -2dB for data.

[0140] The base station can use the available frequency point with the largest number of corresponding target terminals as the target working frequency point; or it can first select the available frequency points with the number of corresponding target terminals exceeding the number threshold as candidate available frequency points, and then randomly or according to preset rules determine the target working frequency point from each candidate available frequency point.

[0141] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this invention determines the optimal target operating frequency based on the channel quality and terminal conditions corresponding to each available frequency point through various means, which can match various operating conditions and thus improve the applicability of the shortwave communication system.

[0142] In one embodiment, the state transition of a base station may include:

[0143] The base station switches from service state to measurement state under any of the following conditions:

[0144] The communication quality of the currently used available frequency points is lower than the communication quality threshold, and the preset detection period has timed out (with T). LQA_fx Timeout); Preset detection period timeout refers to the existence of available frequency points where the preset detection period has arrived but the base station has not sent a call message;

[0145] The currently used available frequency points have no service data (such as call data, video data, etc.) being transmitted, and the preset detection period has timed out;

[0146] The communication quality of all available frequency points is below the communication quality threshold.

[0147] The base station maintains service status under the following conditions:

[0148] The communication quality of the currently used available frequency points is lower than the communication quality threshold, and there is no preset detection period timeout (no T). LQA_fx (Timeout); This indicates that the communication quality of the currently used available frequency is poor, and the base station needs to switch its operating frequency.

[0149] The base station switches from measurement state to service state under any of the following conditions:

[0150] The downlink and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and there is no preset detection period timeout.

[0151] The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has reached the number threshold.

[0152] The base station maintains measurement status under the following conditions:

[0153] The downlink and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, but the preset detection period has timed out and the number of available frequency points for which the base station has continuously obtained downlink and uplink channel quality data has not reached the threshold. This indicates that the base station is still performing downlink and uplink channel quality acquisition operations for each available frequency point, and it needs to switch to a different available frequency point to continue sending call messages.

[0154] In embodiments of the present invention, the base station can be divided into two states: a measurement (SOUND) state and a service (LINK) state. When the base station is in the SOUND state, it measures channel quality; when it is in the LINK state, it transmits service data.

[0155] The duration of the LINK state must be an integer multiple of the working cycle. The frame number is continuously updated during the LINK state, while the frame number is paused during the SOUND state.

[0156] When the base station is in LINK state, the channel operates according to the 5G protocol to transmit service data. Simultaneously, it measures and updates the LQA information of the current frequency point in real time, occupying fixed time-frequency resources in both uplink and downlink time slots to send call messages. This helps new terminals quickly complete downlink time synchronization and previews the base station's status for the next probe cycle. When a terminal switches from another frequency point to the current frequency point, a non-contention-based random access method can be used to achieve uplink and downlink time synchronization on the new frequency point.

[0157] When the base station is in SOUND state, unlike the TDD mode in LINK state, the time slot allocation in SOUND state is as follows: Figure 3 As shown: The base station first continuously sends call messages for M×C time slots ( Figure 3 In the example, M=4); then, in the next fixed number of time slots (N / 2, where N is the maximum number of terminals managed by the base station), it attempts to receive the terminal's response (RESPOND) message, estimates and updates the LQA information; finally, it sends an acknowledgment (ACK) message to notify the base station of its frequency point and status. Time synchronization is not re-performed in this state.

[0158] When the base station is powered on, it randomly or according to the pre-configuration selects an available frequency point, enters the SOUND state, and probes each available frequency point in turn. After all frequency points have been probed, it selects a suitable working frequency point and switches to the LINK state.

[0159] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this embodiment of the invention can ensure the orderly operation of the base station by setting various specific conditions to restrict the state transition of the base station, thereby ensuring the normal operation of communication.

[0160] In one embodiment, when the base station is in measurement mode, the time domain resource configuration of the base station includes, in sequence: M×C downlink time slots, P uplink time slots, and 1 downlink time slot;

[0161] M×C downlink time slots are used to transmit call messages, where M is the minimum number of time slots required to ensure that the terminal can find the call message, and C is the total number of available frequency points;

[0162] P uplink time slots are used to transmit response messages, and the value of P is determined by the number of terminals that the base station can accommodate.

[0163] One downlink time slot is used to transmit an acknowledgment message.

[0164] like Figure 3 As shown in this example, the minimum number of time slots required for the terminal to be able to search for the call message is M=4, and the total number of available frequency points is C=10, so the number of downlink time slots is 40.

[0165] The value of P is determined by the number of terminals that the base station can accommodate, N = 2.

[0166] It should be noted that when the base station and the terminal are close, the number of uplink time slots can be increased appropriately, such as P=N, P=N / 1.5, etc.; when the base station and the terminal are far apart, the number of uplink time slots can be reduced appropriately, such as P=N / 3, P=N / 4, etc.

[0167] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes the following time-domain resource configuration process in the base station measurement state: M×C downlink time slots, P uplink time slots, and 1 downlink time slot. This can achieve reasonable allocation of time-domain resources to ensure the stable implementation of frequency detection function.

[0168] In one embodiment, when the base station is in LINK state, the function of the CALL PDU includes:

[0169] 1. Enables unsynchronized terminals to achieve downlink time synchronization more quickly.

[0170] 2. Obtain base station forecast information.

[0171] When the base station is in SOUND state, the functions of the CALL PDU include:

[0172] 1. Enables unsynchronized terminals to achieve downlink time synchronization more quickly.

[0173] 2. Obtain base station forecast information.

[0174] 3. Obtain the start time of RESPOND PDU.

[0175] 4. The terminal estimates the downlink channel quality based on the CALL PDU.

[0176] A CALL PDU consists of two parts: a preamble and data. When the base station is in LINK mode, the time-frequency resource usage is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it is located two symbols before the SSB in the time domain, and its frequency domain position and size are the same as the SSB; when the base station is in SOUND state, the time and frequency resource usage is as follows. Figure 5 In the time domain, it is located in the first two symbols of the slot, and in the frequency domain, it is in the same state as the LINK. The data part can also be changed to fill the entire frequency band, which will provide the most accurate channel quality test, but at the cost of consuming more resources.

[0177] The preamble design for CALL PDU can draw inspiration from SSB's PSS, which is generated using a basic M-sequence x(n) of length 127, distinguishable from the PSS. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0178] d(n)=1-2*x(n),n=0,1,2,…,126

[0179]

[0180] [x(6) x(5) x(4) x(3) x(2) x(1) x(0)]=[1 1 1 0 1 1 0]

[0181] The format of the data portion of the CALL PDU data is shown in Table 2.

[0182] Table 2. Format of CALL PDU data (data section)

[0183]

[0184] Among them, public fields:

[0185] Type=1 indicates a CALL PDU, distinguishing it from RESPOND and ACK PDUs, because these three PDUs have the same leading sign.

[0186] State indicates the base station status, whether it is LINK or SOUND.

[0187] NextState indicates the state of the base station in the next cycle, with 0 indicating LINK state and 1 indicating SOUND state.

[0188] NextChannelid represents the system's frequency group number when the state needs to be switched in the next cycle, and the number of bits can be modified as needed.

[0189] LINK status field:

[0190] SlotInCycle indicates the position of the current downlink slot in a cycle (0 to 11, a total of 12 downlink slots, including flexible slots).

[0191] SOUND status field:

[0192] LastFlag indicates that the current CALL PDU is the last one, used to locate the time slot for the terminal and determine the start time of RESPOND. During a terminal scan, it may find any CALL, RESPOND, or ACK PDU.

[0193] On the transmitting side: After the source bits are added by CRC, POLAR encoded, rate matched, scrambled, QPSK modulated and power modulated, they are mapped together with the generated DMRS signal. The position of the DMRS is RE numbered 1, 5 and 9 on RB.

[0194] On the receiving side: After DMRS channel estimation, equalization, demodulation, descrambling, rate matching dematching, decoding, and CRC verification, the source information can be obtained.

[0195] A RESPOND PDU consists of two parts: a preamble and data. See the example for resource usage. Figure 6 Each time slot has two RESPOND PDUs, and the transmission order is determined by a pre-configured UeID index. In this configuration, the RESPOND PDUs occupy a total of N / 2 time slots. The interval between RESPOND PDUs can be configured according to the actual scenario. Similar to CALL PDUs, the data portion can also fill the entire frequency band.

[0196] The preamble of RESPOND PDU is the same as that of CALL PDU, and the data part is defined as shown in Table 3.

[0197] Table 3. Format of the data portion of RESPOND PDU data

[0198]

[0199] Where Type=2 indicates that it is a RESPOND PDU. SNR_D is the downlink channel SNR calculated based on the CALL PDU.

[0200] For terminals that have not completed uplink time synchronization, the RESPOND PDU is sent based on the downlink timing, resulting in a maximum time difference of 2Tp, where Tp represents the transmission time between the base station and the terminal. Figure 7Taking the transmission path as an example, the distance between the base station and the terminal is 5500km. The shortwave signal is reflected by the F ionosphere, so the transmission path length from the terminal to the base station is 5573km. Therefore, 2Tp is 0.03724 seconds. As long as the interval between the two RESPOND PDUs is greater than 0.03724 seconds, there will be no interference between terminals.

[0201] The resource usage and preamble generation of the ACK PDU are consistent with those of the CALL PDU. The data portion of the ACK PDU is defined as shown in Table 4.

[0202] Table 4 ACK PDU Data (data section format)

[0203]

[0204] Here, Type=3 indicates an ACK PDU. NextState indicates the state the base station transitions to after the current probe ends. NextChannelid indicates the next destination frequency number.

[0205] The following describes the dwell time of the base station at each available frequency point in the shortwave communication system link establishment method provided by the present invention.

[0206] like Figure 8 As shown, taking 10 available frequency points as an example, the upper part represents the base station's transmission time slots, and the lower part represents the terminal's scanning time slots. The terminal scans the 10 available frequency points sequentially, residing at each available frequency point for 4 time slots, thus requiring 40 time slots to scan all frequency points. To ensure that the terminal can definitely scan the CALL PDU, the base station must reside at each available frequency point for at least 40 time slots.

[0207] For each of the C available frequency points, the dwell time of the base station in the LINK state and the continuous transmission time of CALLPDU in the SOUND state shall be at least M (the minimum number of time slots required to ensure that the terminal can search for the CALL PDU message) × C time slots, and the dwell time in the LINK state shall be an integer multiple of the working cycle.

[0208] Figure 9 This is the second flowchart illustrating the link establishment method for a shortwave communication system provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 9 As shown, the shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this embodiment of the invention may include:

[0209] Step 910: When the terminal is in measurement mode, receive the call message sent by the base station through the available frequency point accessed;

[0210] Step 920: Measure the downlink channel quality of available frequency points based on the call message, and send a response message through the available frequency points; the response message includes downlink channel quality information;

[0211] The response message is used by the base station to determine the target operating frequency from the available frequency points; the target operating frequency is the frequency used by the base station to transmit service data in service state.

[0212] It should be noted that the entity executing the above-mentioned shortwave communication system link establishment method can be a terminal.

[0213] The above-mentioned method for establishing a shortwave communication system link is based on the same inventive concept as the method for establishing a shortwave communication system link on the base station side described above. Some of the contents can be referred to each other, and the following text will avoid repeating the same contents.

[0214] When the base station is in measurement mode, it will send CALL PDUs to each available frequency point in sequence.

[0215] Correspondingly, in step 910, when the terminal is in measurement mode, the terminal can receive CALL PDUs sent by the base station through the available frequency points it accesses.

[0216] Next, in step 920, the terminal will measure the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the call information, and send the channel quality measurement result SNR_D to the base station via the call channel of the available frequency points through the RESPOND PDU.

[0217] Correspondingly, the base station receives the RESPOND PDU through the call channel of the available frequency points, parses the SNR_D of the available frequency points from the RESPOND PDU, and measures the SNR_U based on the RESPOND PDU. The base station can further determine the target operating frequency point from each available frequency point based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point.

[0218] After the base station determines the target operating frequency, it will send an ACK PDU through the currently available frequency. The ACK PDU carries the target operating frequency information.

[0219] Correspondingly, when the available frequency points camped by the terminal and the base station are the same, the terminal will receive the ACK PDU with target operating frequency point information sent by the base station through the available frequency point, and switch the frequency point according to the ACK PDU to perform service data transmission with the terminal on the target operating frequency point.

[0220] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this invention enables base stations and terminals to perform frequency detection functions, thereby periodically detecting and evaluating all frequency points in conjunction with service status, and selecting and switching working frequency points in real time based on the evaluation results. Therefore, on the one hand, the frequency detection function can be integrated into the shortwave communication system, reducing hardware costs, and on the other hand, flexible switching of working frequency points can be achieved, improving the reliability of the system.

[0221] In one embodiment, the call message may also include information about the next available frequency that the base station needs to switch to.

[0222] Specifically, the base station can set its own timer T for each available frequency point. LQA_fx (x=0,1,…,C-1), thereby enabling periodic measurement and updating of LQA at each available frequency point.

[0223] For example, when the available frequency point Fx is timer T LQA_fx When the timeout occurs, the base station can send a call message to the available frequency point Fx to obtain the LQA information of the available frequency point Fx.

[0224] By setting different timers T for each available frequency point LQA_fx The base station can then systematically detect LQA information for each available frequency point.

[0225] Correspondingly, the base station can send the information of the available frequency point to be switched to to the terminal via CALL PDU. The terminal can then switch to the next available frequency point in a timely manner according to the instructions of the CALL PDU, thereby completing the channel quality measurement of the next available frequency point.

[0226] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this embodiment of the invention informs users of the available frequency points for acquiring LQA information in advance, thereby enabling orderly acquisition of LQA information and improving the success rate of LQA information acquisition.

[0227] In one embodiment, the terminal further includes a scanning state; in the scanning state, the terminal searches for target messages and the SSB information; the target messages include call messages, response messages, and confirmation messages.

[0228] It should be noted that when the terminal is first powered on, it does not know which frequency the base station is operating on, so it enters the SCAN state, scanning various frequencies in turn to attempt to receive target messages. Once the frequency information of the base station is obtained, the terminal can switch according to the base station's frequency and status. If it switches to an unavailable frequency, the terminal will return to the SCAN state.

[0229] The time a terminal spends at each frequency is called the dwell time T. dwellIn the example corresponding to the accompanying drawings of this invention, the dwell time T of the terminal at each available frequency point is... dwell There are M (M=4) time slots. During the dwell time, the terminal will attempt to receive target messages to track the base station frequency and status; and attempt to receive SSB signals to initiate random access.

[0230] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this embodiment of the invention can ensure the smooth establishment of the system link by setting the scanning state of the terminal to perform frequency scanning and synchronization operations.

[0231] In one embodiment, the terminal also includes a service status, which is the status of transmitting service data.

[0232] The method further includes:

[0233] If the terminal finds the target message and SSB information while scanning, it will complete downlink time synchronization based on the SSB information and perform the following operations:

[0234] If the target message is a call message from the base station in service status, then:

[0235] If the current time is within the SSB time slot, the terminal will perform random access to enter the service state;

[0236] If the current time is not in an SSB time slot, and the call message indicates that the frequency point will not be switched in the current work cycle, the terminal will wait for the next work cycle to perform random access in order to enter the service state.

[0237] If the current time is not in the SSB time slot, and the call message indicates that the current working cycle is switching frequency points, the terminal switches frequency points and waits to search for call messages again;

[0238] If the target message is a call message from the base station in measurement mode, then:

[0239] The terminal selects time-frequency resources based on its own ID, generates a response message, and waits to receive an acknowledgment message;

[0240] If the target message is a response message, then:

[0241] The terminal waits for a fixed number of time slots to attempt to receive an acknowledgment message;

[0242] If the target message is an acknowledgment message, then:

[0243] The terminal responds to the confirmation message and switches frequencies.

[0244] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0245] If the terminal is in business or measurement mode and cannot receive the target message, it will switch to scanning mode.

[0246] When the terminal is in service or measurement state, the state is switched according to the target message.

[0247] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this embodiment of the invention can ensure the orderly operation of the terminal by setting various specific conditions to restrict the state transition of the terminal, thereby ensuring the normal operation of communication.

[0248] In one embodiment, when the terminal is in measurement mode, the terminal stays on the available frequency for at least M time slots.

[0249] The value of M is determined by the number of uplink time slots between the two nearest target time slots used for transmitting downlink data in the time division duplex (TDD) mode frame structure. The target time slots are either downlink time slots or flexible time slots.

[0250] Specifically, in such Figure 10 The TDD mode frame structure shown includes two downlink time slots, one flexible time slot, and two uplink time slots in sequence.

[0251] Correspondingly, such as Figure 11 As shown, the upper half represents the base station transmission time slots, and the lower half represents the terminal scanning time slots. Figure 11 In the example, the base station sends 3 call messages every 5 time slots. To ensure that the terminal can find the call message during the dwell time, the dwell time must be at least 44 symbols (14×3+2) in the lower half of the diagram. Therefore, by... Figure 11 Therefore, the value of M should be 4, and thus the terminal's dwell time T is... dwell There are M = 4 time slots.

[0252] The shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in this embodiment of the invention determines the duration for which the terminal camps on an available frequency point by determining the number of uplink time slots between the two nearest target time slots used for transmitting downlink data in the TDD mode frame structure. This ensures that the terminal can search for call information, thereby ensuring smooth frequency switching and the establishment of the communication system link.

[0253] Figure 12 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a shortwave communication system link establishment device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a shortwave communication system link establishment device, applied to a base station, the device comprising:

[0254] The detection module 1210 is used to send call messages sequentially through each available frequency point when the base station is in a measurement state;

[0255] The receiving module 1220 is used to receive a response message sent by the terminal through an available frequency point; the response message is generated by the terminal after measuring the downlink channel quality of the available frequency point based on the call message;

[0256] The determining module 1230 is used to determine the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the response message;

[0257] The filtering module 1240 is used to determine the target operating frequency point from each available frequency point based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point; the target operating frequency point is the frequency point used by the base station to transmit service data in service state;

[0258] The notification module 1250 is used to send an acknowledgment message through the currently available frequency point, the acknowledgment message carrying the target operating frequency point information.

[0259] In one embodiment, the detection module 1210 is specifically used for:

[0260] Based on the preset detection period of each available frequency, call messages are sent to each available frequency.

[0261] The call message includes information about the next available frequency point for which the base station will send the call message.

[0262] In one embodiment, the filtering module 1240 is specifically configured to perform any of the following:

[0263] The available frequency point with the largest number of corresponding target terminals is taken as the target working frequency point;

[0264] Select one of the available frequency points from those where the number of corresponding target terminals exceeds the quantity threshold as the target working frequency point.

[0265] In one embodiment, the device is further configured to:

[0266] The base station switches from service state to measurement state under any of the following conditions:

[0267] The communication quality of the currently used available frequency points is lower than the communication quality threshold, and the preset detection period has expired; the preset detection period expired means that there are available frequency points where the preset detection period has arrived but the base station has not sent a call message.

[0268] There is no service data transmission on the currently used available frequency points, and the preset detection period has timed out;

[0269] The communication quality of all available frequency points is below the communication quality threshold;

[0270] The base station maintains its service status under the following conditions:

[0271] If the communication quality of the currently used available frequency is lower than the communication quality threshold and there is no preset detection period timeout, the base station will switch to a different available frequency.

[0272] The base station switches from measurement state to service state under any of the following conditions:

[0273] The downlink and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and there is no preset detection period timeout.

[0274] The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has reached the number threshold.

[0275] The base station maintains measurement status under the following conditions:

[0276] If the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the preset detection period has expired and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has not reached the number threshold, then the base station switches available frequency points to send call messages.

[0277] In one embodiment, when the base station is in a measurement state, the time-domain resource configuration of the base station includes, in sequence: M×C downlink time slots, P uplink time slots, and 1 downlink time slot;

[0278] The M×C downlink time slots are used to transmit the call message. The value of M is determined by the number of uplink time slots between the two nearest target time slots used to transmit downlink data in the time division duplex (TDD) mode frame structure. The target time slots are downlink time slots or flexible time slots, and C is the total number of available frequency points.

[0279] The P uplink time slots are used to transmit the response message, and the value of P is determined by the number of terminals that the base station can accommodate.

[0280] The one downlink time slot is used to transmit the confirmation message.

[0281] In one embodiment, the base station stays at each available frequency point for a minimum of M×C time slots.

[0282] The shortwave communication system link establishment apparatus provided in this embodiment of the invention is used to execute the shortwave communication system link establishment method on the base station side of the present invention. Its implementation method corresponds to the implementation method of the shortwave communication system link establishment method on the base station side provided by the present invention, and can achieve the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0283] Figure 13 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the shortwave communication system link establishment device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a shortwave communication system link establishment device, applied to a terminal, the device comprising:

[0284] The receiving module 1310 is used to receive a call message sent by the base station through an available frequency point when the terminal is in a measurement state.

[0285] Response module 1320 is used to measure the downlink channel quality of available frequency points based on the call message, and send a response message through the available frequency points;

[0286] The response message includes downlink channel quality information; the response message is used by the base station to determine a target operating frequency from among the available frequency points; the target operating frequency is the frequency used by the base station to transmit service data in service state.

[0287] In one embodiment, the call message includes information about the next available frequency point that the base station wants to switch to.

[0288] In one embodiment, the terminal further includes a scanning state;

[0289] In the scanning state, the terminal searches for target messages and SSB messages. The target messages include the call message, the response message, and the confirmation message sent by the terminal. The confirmation message carries the target operating frequency information.

[0290] The terminal also includes a service status, which is the status of transmitting service data.

[0291] In one embodiment, the device is further configured to:

[0292] If the terminal finds the target message and the SSB information while scanning, it completes downlink time synchronization based on the SSB information and performs the following operations:

[0293] If the target message is a call message from the base station in service status, then:

[0294] If the current time is within an SSB time slot, the terminal will perform random access to enter the service state;

[0295] If the current time is not in an SSB time slot, and the call message indicates that the frequency point will not be switched in the current working cycle, then the terminal will wait for the next working cycle to perform random access in order to enter the service state.

[0296] If the current time is not in an SSB time slot, and the call message indicates a frequency switch for the current work cycle, then the terminal switches the frequency and waits to search for the call message again.

[0297] If the target message is a call message from the base station in measurement mode, then:

[0298] The terminal selects time-frequency resources based on its own ID to generate the response message and waits to receive the confirmation message;

[0299] If the target message is the response message, then:

[0300] The terminal waits for a fixed number of time slots to attempt to receive the confirmation message;

[0301] If the target message is the confirmation message, then:

[0302] The terminal responds to the confirmation message by switching frequency points;

[0303] If the terminal is in a service state or a measurement state and cannot receive the target message, it will switch to the scanning state.

[0304] When the terminal is in service mode or measurement mode, the state is switched according to the target message.

[0305] In one embodiment, when the terminal is in a scanning state, the terminal stays on an available frequency point for at least M time slots.

[0306] The value of M is determined by the number of uplink time slots between the two nearest target time slots used for transmitting downlink data in the time division duplex (TDD) mode frame structure. The target time slots are either downlink time slots or flexible time slots.

[0307] The shortwave communication system link establishment device provided in this embodiment of the invention is used to execute the shortwave communication system link establishment method on the terminal side of the present invention. Its implementation method corresponds to the implementation method of the shortwave communication system link establishment method on the terminal side provided by the present invention, and can achieve the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0308] Figure 14 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 14As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 1410, a communications interface 1420, a memory 1430, and a communication bus 1440, wherein the processor 1410, the communications interface 1420, and the memory 1430 communicate with each other via the communication bus 1440. The processor 1410 can call logical instructions in the memory 1430 to execute the shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in the above embodiments, such as including:

[0309] When the base station is in measurement mode, call messages are sent sequentially through each available frequency point;

[0310] The receiving terminal sends response messages through each available frequency point; the response messages are generated by the terminal after measuring the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the call message;

[0311] The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of each available frequency point are determined based on the response message.

[0312] Based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point, a target operating frequency point is determined from each available frequency point; the target operating frequency point is the frequency point used by the base station to transmit service data in service state;

[0313] A confirmation message is sent using the currently available frequency point, and the confirmation message carries the target operating frequency point information.

[0314] or,

[0315] When the terminal is in measurement mode, it receives call messages sent by the base station through the available frequency points it accesses;

[0316] Based on the call message, the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points is measured, and a response message is sent through the available frequency points;

[0317] The response message includes downlink channel quality information; the response message is used by the base station to determine a target operating frequency from among the available frequency points; the target operating frequency is the frequency used by the base station to transmit service data in service state.

[0318] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 1430 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0319] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is able to execute the shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in the above embodiments, for example including:

[0320] When the base station is in measurement mode, call messages are sent sequentially through each available frequency point;

[0321] The receiving terminal sends response messages through each available frequency point; the response messages are generated by the terminal after measuring the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the call message;

[0322] The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of each available frequency point are determined based on the response message.

[0323] Based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point, a target operating frequency point is determined from each available frequency point; the target operating frequency point is the frequency point used by the base station to transmit service data in service state;

[0324] A confirmation message is sent using the currently available frequency point, and the confirmation message carries the target operating frequency point information.

[0325] or,

[0326] When the terminal is in measurement mode, it receives call messages sent by the base station through the available frequency points it accesses;

[0327] Based on the call message, the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points is measured, and a response message is sent through the available frequency points;

[0328] The response message includes downlink channel quality information; the response message is used by the base station to determine a target operating frequency from among the available frequency points; the target operating frequency is the frequency used by the base station to transmit service data in service state.

[0329] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the shortwave communication system link establishment method provided in the above embodiments, including, for example:

[0330] When the base station is in measurement mode, call messages are sent sequentially through each available frequency point;

[0331] The receiving terminal sends response messages through each available frequency point; the response messages are generated by the terminal after measuring the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the call message;

[0332] The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of each available frequency point are determined based on the response message.

[0333] Based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point, a target operating frequency point is determined from each available frequency point; the target operating frequency point is the frequency point used by the base station to transmit service data in service state;

[0334] A confirmation message is sent using the currently available frequency point, and the confirmation message carries the target operating frequency point information.

[0335] or,

[0336] When the terminal is in measurement mode, it receives call messages sent by the base station through the available frequency points it accesses;

[0337] Based on the call message, the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points is measured, and a response message is sent through the available frequency points;

[0338] The response message includes downlink channel quality information; the response message is used by the base station to determine a target operating frequency from among the available frequency points; the target operating frequency is the frequency used by the base station to transmit service data in service state.

[0339] The technical solutions provided in this invention are applicable to a variety of systems, especially 5G systems. For example, applicable systems include Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), and 5G New Radio (NR). All of these systems include terminal equipment and network equipment. The systems may also include a core network component, such as Evolved Packet System (EPS) and 5G system (5GS).

[0340] The terminal involved in this invention can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. The name of the terminal device may differ in different systems; for example, in a 5G system, the terminal device can be called a User Equipment (UE). The wireless terminal device can communicate with one or more core networks (CNs) via a Radio Access Network (RAN). The wireless terminal device can be a mobile terminal device, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and a computer with a mobile terminal device, for example, a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted mobile device. These exchange voice and / or data with the RAN. Examples include Personal Communication Service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs). Wireless terminal equipment can also be referred to as a system, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, access point, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, or user device, but is not limited to these terms in this embodiment of the invention.

[0341] A base station can include multiple cells that provide services to terminals. Depending on the specific application, a base station may also be called an access point, or a device in the access network that communicates with wireless terminal devices via one or more sectors on the air interface, or other names. Network devices can be used to exchange received air frames with Internet Protocol (IP) packets, acting as routers between wireless terminal devices and the rest of the access network, which may include the IP communication network. Network devices can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the network equipment involved in the embodiments of this invention can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a NodeB in a Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an evolved Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5G base station (gNB) in a next generation system, a Home evolved Node B (HeNB), a relay node, a femto, a pico, etc., and is not limited in the embodiments of this invention. In some network structures, the network equipment may include centralized unit (CU) nodes and distributed unit (DU) nodes, and the centralized unit and distributed unit may also be geographically separated.

[0342] Network devices and terminal devices can each use one or more antennas for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission. MIMO transmission can be single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) or multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). Depending on the configuration and number of antenna combinations, MIMO transmission can be 2D-MIMO, 3D-MIMO, FD-MIMO, or massive-MIMO, and can also be diversity transmission, precoding transmission, or beamforming transmission, etc.

[0343] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0344] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-executable instructions. These computer-executable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0345] These processor-executable instructions may also be stored in a processor-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the processor-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0346] These processors can execute instructions that can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0347] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A link establishment method for a shortwave communication system, applied to a base station, characterized in that, The method includes: When the base station is in measurement mode, call messages are sent sequentially through each available frequency point; The receiving terminal sends response messages through each available frequency point; the response messages are generated by the terminal after measuring the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the call message; The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of each available frequency point are determined based on the response message. Based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point, a target operating frequency point is determined from each available frequency point; the target operating frequency point is the frequency point used by the base station to transmit service data in service state; A confirmation message is sent via the currently available frequency point, the confirmation message carrying the target operating frequency point information; The method further includes: The base station switches from service state to measurement state under any of the following conditions: The communication quality of the currently used available frequency points is lower than the communication quality threshold, and the preset detection period has expired; the preset detection period expired means that there are available frequency points where the preset detection period has arrived but the base station has not sent a call message. There is no service data transmission on the currently used available frequency points, and the preset detection period has timed out; The communication quality of all available frequency points is below the communication quality threshold; The base station maintains its service status under the following conditions: If the communication quality of the currently used available frequency is lower than the communication quality threshold and there is no preset detection period timeout, the base station will switch to a different available frequency. The base station switches from measurement state to service state under any of the following conditions: The downlink and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and there is no preset detection period timeout. The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has reached the number threshold. The base station maintains measurement status under the following conditions: If the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the preset detection period has expired and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has not reached the number threshold, then the base station switches available frequency points to send call messages.

2. The shortwave communication system link establishment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of sequentially sending call messages through each available frequency point includes: Based on the preset detection period of each available frequency, call messages are sent through each available frequency. The call message includes information about the next available frequency point for which the base station will send the call message.

3. The shortwave communication system link establishment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the target operating frequency from the available frequency points includes any one of the following: The available frequency point with the largest number of corresponding target terminals is taken as the target working frequency point; Select one of the available frequency points from those where the number of corresponding target terminals exceeds the quantity threshold as the target working frequency point.

4. The shortwave communication system link establishment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the base station is in measurement mode, the time-domain resource configuration of the base station includes, in sequence: M×C downlink time slots, P uplink time slots, and 1 downlink time slot; The M×C downlink time slots are used to transmit the call message. The value of M is determined by the number of uplink time slots between the two nearest target time slots used to transmit downlink data in the time division duplex (TDD) mode frame structure. The target time slots are downlink time slots or flexible time slots, and C is the total number of available frequency points. The P uplink time slots are used to transmit the response message, and the value of P is determined by the number of terminals that the base station can accommodate. The one downlink time slot is used to transmit the confirmation message.

5. The shortwave communication system link establishment method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The minimum dwell time of the base station at each available frequency point is M×C time slots.

6. A link establishment method for a shortwave communication system, applied to a terminal, characterized in that, The method includes: When the terminal is in measurement mode, it receives call messages sent by the base station through the available frequency points it accesses; Based on the call message, the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points is measured, and a response message is sent through the available frequency points; The response message includes downlink channel quality information; the response message is used by the base station to determine a target operating frequency from among the available frequency points; the target operating frequency is the frequency used by the base station to transmit service data in service mode; The base station switches from service state to measurement state under any of the following conditions: The communication quality of the currently used available frequency points is lower than the communication quality threshold, and the preset detection period has expired; the preset detection period expired means that there are available frequency points where the preset detection period has arrived but the base station has not sent a call message. There is no service data transmission on the currently used available frequency points, and the preset detection period has timed out; The communication quality of all available frequency points is below the communication quality threshold; The base station maintains its service status under the following conditions: If the communication quality of the currently used available frequency is lower than the communication quality threshold and there is no preset detection period timeout, the base station will switch to a different available frequency. The base station switches from measurement state to service state under any of the following conditions: The downlink and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and there is no preset detection period timeout. The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has reached the number threshold. The base station maintains measurement status under the following conditions: If the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the preset detection period has expired and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has not reached the number threshold, then the base station switches available frequency points to send call messages.

7. The shortwave communication system link establishment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The call message includes information about the next available frequency point that the base station needs to switch to.

8. The shortwave communication system link establishment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The terminal also includes a scanning status; In the scanning state, the terminal searches for target messages and SSB messages. The target messages include the call message, the response message, and the confirmation message sent by the terminal. The confirmation message carries the target operating frequency information. The terminal also includes a service status, which is the status of transmitting service data.

9. The shortwave communication system link establishment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the terminal finds the target message and the SSB message while in scanning mode, it completes downlink time synchronization based on the SSB message and performs the following operations: If the target message is a call message from the base station in service status, then: If the current time is within an SSB time slot, the terminal will perform random access to enter the service state; If the current time is not in an SSB time slot, and the call message indicates that the frequency point will not be switched in the current working cycle, then the terminal will wait for the next working cycle to perform random access in order to enter the service state. If the current time is not in an SSB time slot, and the call message indicates a frequency switch for the current work cycle, then the terminal switches the frequency and waits to search for the call message again. If the target message is a call message from the base station in measurement mode, then: The terminal selects time-frequency resources based on its own ID to generate the response message and waits to receive the confirmation message; If the target message is the response message, then: The terminal waits for a fixed number of time slots to attempt to receive the confirmation message; If the target message is the confirmation message, then: The terminal responds to the confirmation message by switching frequency points; If the terminal is in a service state or a measurement state and cannot receive the target message, it will switch to the scanning state. When the terminal is in service mode or measurement mode, the state is switched according to the target message.

10. The shortwave communication system link establishment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the terminal is in scanning mode, the terminal stays on the available frequency for at least M time slots. The value of M is determined by the number of uplink time slots between the two nearest target time slots used for transmitting downlink data in the time division duplex (TDD) mode frame structure. The target time slots are either downlink time slots or flexible time slots.

11. A link establishment device for a shortwave communication system, applied to a base station, characterized in that, The device includes: The detection module is used to sequentially send call messages through each available frequency point when the base station is in a measurement state; The receiving module is used to receive a response message sent by the terminal through an available frequency point; the response message is generated by the terminal after measuring the downlink channel quality of the available frequency point based on the call message; The determination module is used to determine the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of available frequency points based on the response message; The filtering module is used to determine the target operating frequency point from each available frequency point based on the number of target terminals whose downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality are both higher than the channel quality threshold for each available frequency point; the target operating frequency point is the frequency point used by the base station to transmit service data in service state; The notification module is used to send an acknowledgment message through the currently available frequency point, the acknowledgment message carrying the target operating frequency point information; The device is also used for: The base station switches from service state to measurement state under any of the following conditions: The communication quality of the currently used available frequency points is lower than the communication quality threshold, and the preset detection period has expired; the preset detection period expired means that there are available frequency points where the preset detection period has arrived but the base station has not sent a call message. There is no service data transmission on the currently used available frequency points, and the preset detection period has timed out; The communication quality of all available frequency points is below the communication quality threshold; The base station maintains its service status under the following conditions: If the communication quality of the currently used available frequency is lower than the communication quality threshold and there is no preset detection period timeout, the base station will switch to a different available frequency. The base station switches from measurement state to service state under any of the following conditions: The downlink and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and there is no preset detection period timeout. The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has reached the number threshold. The base station maintains measurement status under the following conditions: If the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the preset detection period has expired and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has not reached the number threshold, then the base station switches available frequency points to send call messages.

12. A link establishment device for a shortwave communication system, applied to a terminal, characterized in that, The device includes: The receiving module is used to receive call messages sent by the base station through the available frequency points accessed when the terminal is in a measurement state. The response module is used to measure the downlink channel quality of the available frequency points based on the call message, and send a response message through the available frequency points; The response message includes downlink channel quality information; the response message is used by the base station to determine a target operating frequency from among the available frequency points; the target operating frequency is the frequency used by the base station to transmit service data in service mode; The base station switches from service state to measurement state under any of the following conditions: The communication quality of the currently used available frequency points is lower than the communication quality threshold, and the preset detection period has expired; the preset detection period expired means that there are available frequency points where the preset detection period has arrived but the base station has not sent a call message. There is no service data transmission on the currently used available frequency points, and the preset detection period has timed out; The communication quality of all available frequency points is below the communication quality threshold; The base station maintains its service status under the following conditions: If the communication quality of the currently used available frequency is lower than the communication quality threshold and there is no preset detection period timeout, the base station will switch to a different available frequency. The base station switches from measurement state to service state under any of the following conditions: The downlink and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and there is no preset detection period timeout. The downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has reached the number threshold. The base station maintains measurement status under the following conditions: If the downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality of the currently used available frequency points have been obtained, and the preset detection period has expired and the number of available frequency points for which the base station continuously obtains downlink channel quality and uplink channel quality has not reached the number threshold, then the base station switches available frequency points to send call messages.

13. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the shortwave communication system link establishment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, or implements the shortwave communication system link establishment method as described in any one of claims 6 to 10.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the shortwave communication system link establishment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, or implements the shortwave communication system link establishment method as described in any one of claims 6 to 10.

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