Automatic determination method of blast furnace slide

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of automatic determination method of blast furnace slip, comprising the following steps: with certain acquisition frequency acquisition and calculation are obtained data, according to the data obtained to build slip judgment index Z, if Z=0, then blast furnace does not slip;If Z=1, then blast furnace slips, the data obtained includes: the speed v of material surface downward 料 , the speed v of probe 尺 , the depth h of probe 尺 , the start trigger time t of probe to material surface 始 , the trigger time t of material surface downward end and start to lift the size 末 . The method of the present application can more accurately automatically judge the slip accident occurred in the process of blast furnace charge downward, help blast furnace operator accurately understand the real state of blast furnace smelting, avoid the situation that the adjustment is not timely due to the negligence of the abnormal charge state of blast furnace, cause the fluctuation of furnace condition, facilitate blast furnace operator to correct the deviation of furnace condition in time and promote the long-term stable and smooth running of blast furnace, reduce the waste of mineral resources and economic loss caused by the fluctuation of furnace condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of blast furnace smelting technology, specifically relating to an automatic method for determining blast furnace sliding materials. Background Technology

[0002] In blast furnace smelting, the proper distribution and orderly descent of the charge from the top into the throat are fundamental to the stable operation, high output, and high efficiency of the blast furnace. However, the orderly descent of the blast furnace charge is often influenced by the high-speed upward airflow and the softening properties of the charge itself. At times, due to changes in local permeability, the weight of the descending charge reaches a balance point with the combined forces of the buoyancy of the upward airflow, the friction between the charge and the furnace wall, and the supporting force provided by the coke column. This results in a brief pause in the descent. When the airflow finds a new upward channel, the buoyancy of the charge column decreases, causing the charge to flash down a certain distance. The charge surface descends a short distance in a very short time; this behavior is often referred to as charge slippage. During charge slippage, the shape of the ore and coke layers along the circumference of the blast furnace changes or even becomes disordered, affecting the proper distribution of the airflow. Therefore, accurately detecting charge slippage is crucial for blast furnace operators to promptly and accurately grasp the furnace condition.

[0003] However, because a blast furnace is a closed, vertical, high-temperature, and high-pressure reaction vessel, and even in the few easily monitored open areas above the furnace throat, there is high-speed airflow and high dust levels, many detection methods are unable to accurately monitor the blast furnace charge surface in real time. For example, existing technologies such as infrared imaging, laser charge surface imaging, and radar imaging used in blast furnaces are affected by high-temperature dust and their own scanning frequency, making it difficult to effectively monitor the charge surface at the top of the blast furnace. This is especially true for the blast furnace smelting of high-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite, where the low strength of the raw materials, high content of alkali metals and harmful elements such as zinc, and large air volume exacerbate the amount of dust at the top of the blast furnace, making charge surface monitoring even more difficult.

[0004] Therefore, the "black box effect" is more pronounced in blast furnaces used for smelting high-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite. In existing technologies, the assessment of blast furnace charge conditions relies entirely on the probe, which descends along with the charge level. Operators make a comprehensive judgment based on the probe's charge curve and their accumulated experience. However, the existing methods are not accurate, effective, or timely enough.

[0005] Furthermore, during production, it was found that when charging in the blast furnace, the probe must be raised above the zero line to prevent the charge from burying or damaging it. However, since blast furnace smelting is continuous, it was often found that when the probe was lowered after charging, the depth was much greater than the set depth. This indicates that material slippage occurred during the process of raising the probe and before it reached the charge surface. This process can often last 2 to 5 minutes, during which the airflow inside the blast furnace often undergoes significant changes.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing method of using probes to determine whether material is slipping, and also to provide a method for monitoring material slipping during blind detection periods. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic method for determining the sliding material in blast furnaces.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] This invention provides an automatic method for determining blast furnace charge slippage, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S10, acquires data by collecting and calculating at a certain collection frequency;

[0011] S20, Construct the slippage judgment index Z based on the acquired data:

[0012] If Z = 0, then the blast furnace is not being shunted.

[0013] If Z = 1, then the blast furnace feedstock is slidable;

[0014] The data obtained includes:

[0015] The speed v of the material surface descending 料 The speed v of the probe 尺 The depth h of the probe 尺 The start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 The trigger time t when the material level finishes its downward movement and begins to rise. 末 .

[0016] Furthermore, if the following condition is met, then Z = 1, triggering the blast furnace charge slippage alarm:

[0017] The trigger time t from when the probe reaches the material surface 始 The trigger time t from the start of the material's downward movement to the end of the movement and the start of the retraction. 末 Stop, the downward speed of the material surface v 料 The critical value of v, which is greater than or equal to the normal downward speed of the material surface, is 临 And the depth h of the probe尺 Greater than or equal to the minimum feed line depth h min .

[0018] Furthermore, if the following condition is met, then Z = 1, triggering the blast furnace charge slippage alarm:

[0019] The trigger time t from when the probe reaches the material surface 始 The trigger time t from the start of the material's downward movement to the end of the movement and the start of the retraction. 末 Stop, the speed v of the probe 尺 The critical value of v, which is greater than or equal to the normal downward speed of the material surface, is 临 .

[0020] Furthermore, if the following condition is met, then Z = 1, triggering the blast furnace charge slippage alarm:

[0021] The trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 Previously, if the probe speed v 尺 The critical value of v, which is greater than or equal to the normal downward speed of the material surface, is 临 And the depth h of the probe 尺 Greater than or equal to the set feed line depth h 定 +0.3.

[0022] Furthermore, the starting trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface is determined through the following steps. 始 :

[0023] At adjacent moments, if the probe's subsequent moment t 后 speed v 尺-后 Compared to the previous moment t 前 speed v 尺-前 If the difference exceeds the critical velocity v0, then the next time step t will be... 后 The sum of the sampling frequency Δt and the time t is denoted as the start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface. 始 .

[0024] Furthermore, the trigger time t for the material level to end its downward movement and begin lifting is determined through the following steps. 末 :

[0025] At adjacent moments, if the probe's subsequent moment t 后 depth h 尺-后 Less than the previous time t 前 depth h 尺-前 The speed v of the probe 尺 If the value is negative, then the next time step t will be... 后 The sum of the sampling frequency Δt and the trigger time t is recorded as the time when the material surface finishes its downward movement and begins to rise. 末 .

[0026] Furthermore, the downward speed v of the material surface 料= (Trigger time t when the material level finishes descending and begins to rise) 末 The corresponding probe depth h 末 - The start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 The corresponding probe depth h 始 ) / (Trigger time t when the material level finishes descending and begins to rise) 末 - The start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 ).

[0027] Furthermore, the acquired data also includes:

[0028] The values ​​of change in CO concentration, CO2 concentration, blast furnace hot blast pressure, and blast furnace top gas temperature in the gas at adjacent time points, between the previous and subsequent time points.

[0029] The magnitude of the change in CO concentration = |CO concentration at the previous moment 前 -CO concentration at the next moment 后 |÷CO concentration at the previous moment 前 ;

[0030] The magnitude of the change in CO2 concentration = |CO2 concentration at the previous moment 前 -CO2 concentration at the next moment 后 |÷CO2 concentration at the previous moment 前 ;

[0031] The change in blast furnace hot blast pressure = |Blast furnace hot blast pressure at the previous moment 前 - Blast furnace hot blast pressure at the next moment 后 |÷ Blast furnace hot blast pressure at the previous moment 前 ;

[0032] The amplitude of the change in furnace top gas temperature = |the furnace top gas temperature at the previous moment 前 -The temperature of the gas at the top of the furnace at the next moment 后 |÷Previous moment's furnace top gas temperature 前 .

[0033] Furthermore, at the initial trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface... 始 Previously, or at the trigger time t when the material level finishes its downward movement and begins to rise. 末 Subsequently, or during the charging process, if the following conditions are met, Z=1, triggering the blast furnace charge slippage alarm:

[0034] Average value of CO concentration change 滑料 ≤ CO concentration change range ≤ maximum value of CO concentration change range 滑料 ,and,

[0035] Average value of CO2 concentration change 滑料 ≤ CO2 concentration change range ≤ maximum value of CO2 concentration change range 滑料 ,and,

[0036] Average value of the change in blast furnace hot blast pressure 滑料 ≤ Blast furnace hot blast pressure variation range ≤ Maximum value of blast furnace hot blast pressure variation range 滑料 ,and,

[0037] Average value of the temperature variation of the gas at the top of the furnace 滑料 ≤ Value of temperature change at the top of the furnace gas ≤ Maximum value of temperature change at the top of the furnace gas 滑料 .

[0038] Furthermore,

[0039] The changes in CO concentration, CO2 concentration, blast furnace hot blast pressure, and top gas temperature were collected before and after multiple material sliding operations. These values ​​were then averaged and recorded as: the average value of the CO concentration change. 滑料 The average value of the change in CO2 concentration 滑料 The average value of the variation range of blast furnace hot blast pressure 滑料 and the average value of the temperature variation of the furnace top gas 滑料 ;as well as

[0040] The maximum values ​​of the CO concentration variation, CO2 concentration variation, blast furnace hot blast pressure variation, and top gas temperature variation are respectively denoted as: the maximum value of the CO concentration variation. 滑料 The maximum value of the change in CO2 concentration 滑料 The maximum value of the variation range of blast furnace hot blast pressure 滑料 The maximum value of the temperature variation range of the gas at the furnace top 滑料 .

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0042] The automatic determination method for blast furnace charge slippage of the present invention can more accurately, effectively and timely automatically determine the accident of charge slippage that occurs during the blast furnace charge descent. When charge slippage is determined, an early warning prompt is issued to the blast furnace operator, thereby helping the blast furnace operator to more accurately understand the real state of blast furnace smelting, avoiding the situation of furnace condition fluctuation caused by the oversight of abnormal charge state of blast furnace and the untimely adjustment. It is convenient for blast furnace operators to correct the furnace condition in a timely manner and promote the long-term stable operation of the blast furnace, reducing the waste of mineral resources and economic losses caused by furnace condition fluctuations. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the automatic determination method for blast furnace sliding materials according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is another flowchart illustrating the automatic determination method for blast furnace sliding materials according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the probe inside the blast furnace in the automatic determination method for blast furnace sliding material according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and the accompanying drawings.

[0048] The overall concept of the automatic blast furnace material slippage determination method of the present invention is as follows: Using the data from the blast furnace material feeding probe curve, which consists of the depth and time of the blast furnace feeding probe, combined with the concentrations of CO and CO2 in the blast furnace top gas, the temperature of the blast furnace top gas, and the blast furnace hot blast pressure, a blast furnace material slippage determination index Z is constructed to determine and alarm for blast furnace material slippage. The method of the present invention is applicable to blast furnaces equipped with mechanical probes, online top gas composition analyzers, top gas temperature monitoring devices, and blast furnace hot blast pressure monitoring devices.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides an automatic method for determining blast furnace material slippage, comprising the following steps: S10, acquiring data by collecting and calculating at a certain acquisition frequency; S20, constructing a material slippage judgment index Z based on the acquired data; if Z = 0, the blast furnace is not slipping material; if Z = 1, the blast furnace is slipping material. The acquired data includes the downward speed v of the material surface. 料 The speed v of the probe 尺 The depth h of the probe 尺 The start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 The trigger time t when the material level finishes its downward movement and begins to rise. 末 .

[0050] During production, the probe's running curve consists of several processes: lowering the probe to the material surface, gradually descending with the material surface after reaching it, lifting the probe after it reaches the set material depth, and lowering the probe again after the material is laid. Because the time for lowering and lifting the probe is shorter than the normal time for the probe to descend with the furnace charge, the probe's running speed will vary significantly under different conditions.

[0051] At adjacent moments, the depth to which the probe traveled in the previous moment is denoted as h. 尺-前 , and h 尺-前 The corresponding time is t 尺-前 The depth at which the probe travels at the next moment is denoted as h. 尺-后 , and h 尺-后 The corresponding time is t 尺-后 In the time difference Δt = t 尺-后 -t 尺-前 Inside, the depth at which the probe travels is Δh = h 尺-后 -h 尺-前 The speed v of the probe 尺 =Δh / Δt. Those skilled in the art should understand that in practical applications, the judgment frequency Δt can be set according to actual production conditions. In a preferred embodiment, the data acquisition frequency of the present invention is ≤5 seconds, and preferably, data acquisition and calculation are performed at a frequency of Δt = 5 seconds.

[0052] The following combination Figure 2 The different operating states of the probe in the blast furnace are described in detail.

[0053] First, the probe was not lowered.

[0054] According to the probe's travel curve, during the fabric laying process, i.e., before the probe is lowered, the probe travels to a negative depth and the height difference Δh is zero. The probe's speed v 尺 It is zero.

[0055] Second, the process of lowering the probe until it reaches the material surface, then continuing its downward movement until the probe is lifted.

[0056] Due to the downward speed v of the material surface 料 It is relatively slow; therefore, the speed v of the probe after it reaches the material surface is slower than the speed before it reaches the material surface. 尺 The velocity difference is relatively small, thus creating a significant speed difference between the probe and the probe's position before it reaches the material. Based on calculations and statistics, at adjacent moments, if the probe's velocity at the next moment t... 后 speed v 尺-后 Compared to the previous moment t 前 speed v 尺-前 If the difference exceeds the critical velocity v0, then the next time step t will be... 后The sum of the sampling frequency Δt and the time t is denoted as the start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface. 始 In other words, the current time t 后 +Δt (Δt = 5s) is denoted as the initial trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface. 始 .

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, when the probe gradually descends with the material surface to the set material line depth h... 定 Then, begin to lift the probe upwards. At this point, the depth of the probe is h. 尺-后 The depth h is less than that of the probe. 尺-前 Within the same time difference Δt, the probe's velocity v 尺 If the value is negative, the velocity difference of the probe will also increase significantly. At adjacent moments, if the probe's velocity difference at the next moment t... 后 depth h 尺-后 Less than the previous time t 前 depth h 尺-前 The speed v of the probe 尺 If the value is negative, then the next time step t will be... 后 The sum of the sampling frequency Δt and the trigger time t is recorded as the time when the material surface finishes its downward movement and begins to rise. 末 In other words, the current time t 后 +Δt (Δt = 5s) is the trigger time t when the material level finishes descending and the tape starts to rise. 末 .like Figure 3 As shown, the depth value is relative to the 0 material line. The 0 material line is above, and the deeper the material line depth value, the farther the material surface is from the 0 material line below.

[0058] Based on the above, we can obtain the start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface. 始 and its corresponding probe depth h 始 And the trigger time t when the material level finishes its downward movement and begins to rise. 末 and its corresponding probe depth h 末 Therefore, the downward velocity v of the material surface can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the depth difference to the time difference. 料 v 料 =(h 末 -h 始 ) / (t 末 -t 始 ).

[0059] Since the material level descends rapidly during the sliding process, the time from when the probe is lowered and reaches the material surface until the descent ends and the probe is raised—in other words, the triggering time t from when the probe reaches the material surface—is crucial. 始 The trigger time t from the start of the material's downward movement to the end of the movement and the start of the retraction. 末 Stop (t)始 ≤t≤t 末 ):

[0060] ①If the downward speed of the material surface is v 料 The critical value of v, which is greater than or equal to the normal downward speed of the material surface, is 临 (v 料 ≥v 临 ), and the depth h of the probe. 尺 Greater than or equal to the minimum feed line depth h min (h 尺 ≥h min If Z = 1, it indicates that the blast furnace is sliding, and the blast furnace is also triggered by the sliding alarm.

[0061] ② To avoid the probe sliding to a certain depth and then slowly lowering again during the process of the probe reaching the material surface and starting to lift the probe, thus causing the material surface to descend at a lower speed v. 料 The overall values ​​remain within the normal range, to the point that the slippage detection fails. Further stipulations are made that when the time is between the start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface... 始 The trigger time t when the material surface finishes its downward movement and begins to be lifted. 末 Within the interval (t) 始 ≤t≤t 末 If the probe velocity v is calculated using a fixed time frequency Δt (5s), 尺 The critical value of v, which is greater than or equal to the normal downward speed of the material surface, is 临 (v 尺 ≥v 临 If Z = 1, it indicates blast furnace charge slippage, and the blast furnace charge slippage alarm is triggered simultaneously. Those skilled in the art should understand that situations can occur where the charge slips first and then slowly decreases, or decreases slowly first and then slips again. For example: after charging, the charge depth is 1.5m, and the charge line is set to 2.2m. After the probe reaches the charge surface, it first slips from 1.5m to 2.0m, and then slowly moves from 2.0m to 2.2m to complete the entire charging calculation process. The normal charging time might still be the normal 3 minutes, but the subsequent period takes 2.8 minutes, which will cause a V... 料 Normal, but during the period v 尺 In a larger case.

[0062] The minimum material depth h in this invention min Defined as the set material line depth h 定 With the thickness h of the furnace charge 厚 The sum of. That is, h min =h 定 -h 厚 , where h 厚 =G 料 / ρ 料 / A喉 h 厚 The unit is m, G 料 The unit for G material is kg, representing the batch weight of the furnace charge. ρ 料 To add the bulk density of the furnace charge, ρ 料 The unit is kg / m 3 A 喉 The cross-sectional area of ​​the furnace throat is A, with the unit being m. 2 .

[0063] Third, before the probe reaches the material surface, or after the material surface has finished descending and the probe begins to be lifted, or during the fabric laying process.

[0064] During the process of lowering the probe but before it reaches the material surface, the probe's descent time is short, the descent depth is large, the absolute value of the descent depth is large, the value of Δh is large within the same time period, and the probe's velocity v 尺 Larger.

[0065] ① To enhance the detection of material slippage during probe operation, for cases where material slippage occurs before the probe reaches the material surface during its descent, it is stipulated that when the probe reaches a set material depth h... 定 Furthermore, if the probe speed remains high even when it exceeds 0.3m, meaning the probe has not yet reached the material surface, the blast furnace sliding alarm will be triggered. In other words, the alarm will be triggered at the initial trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface. 始 Previously (t) <t 始 If the probe speed v 尺 The critical value of v, which is greater than or equal to the normal downward speed of the material surface, is 临 (v 尺 ≥v 临 ), and the depth h of the probe. 尺 Greater than or equal to the set feed line depth h 定 +0.3(h 尺 ≥h 定 If +0.3), then Z = 1, indicating blast furnace material sliding, and simultaneously triggering the blast furnace material sliding alarm.

[0066] ② Before the probe is lowered but before it reaches the material surface, or after the material surface has finished descending and the probe begins to be lifted, there will be a detection blind spot during the process of lowering and lifting the probe because the probe is not in contact with the material surface. In addition, there will also be a detection blind spot during the material laying process because the probe is not lowered. It is necessary to monitor material slippage during the above-mentioned detection blind spot periods.

[0067] During blast furnace production, the sliding charge process involves rapidly filling a void in the charge. The previously obstructed upward airflow from this void and below it rushes rapidly towards the furnace top along the newly formed channel. Therefore, the sliding charge causes fluctuations in the composition of the top gas (CO and CO2) and the blast furnace hot blast pressure within a short period. Typically, due to the rapid upward flow, the CO reduction efficiency in the gas decreases, resulting in a surge in CO concentration and a corresponding decrease in CO2 concentration. Simultaneously, the blast furnace hot blast pressure decreases as the pressure buildup eases. In actual production, besides the sliding charge causing these changes in top gas and blast pressure, the same changes also occur when the blast furnace experiences pipe travel. However, the difference lies in the larger gas flow rate during pipe travel. On one hand, the increase in CO concentration and the change in blast pressure are greater than during sliding charge; on the other hand, because a large amount of airflow is not fully utilized, the furnace top temperature also rises significantly. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned airflow change characteristics, the changes in the concentration data of CO and CO2 components of the furnace top gas and the air pressure data can be combined to monitor material slippage during the detection blind spots of the probe release, probe lifting, and material distribution processes.

[0068] When collecting data such as CO concentration, CO2 concentration, blast furnace hot blast pressure, and furnace top gas temperature, the time should be consistent with the probe operation recording, and the acquisition frequency should be Δt = 5s. The specific steps are as follows.

[0069] (1) At adjacent time points, the CO concentration of the previous time point is collected respectively. 前 and CO concentration at the next moment 后 CO2 concentration at the previous moment 前 and the CO2 concentration at the next moment 后 The blast furnace hot blast pressure at the previous moment 前 and the blast furnace hot blast pressure at the next moment 后 The temperature of the gas at the top of the furnace at the previous moment. 前 and the temperature of the gas at the top of the furnace at the next moment 后。

[0070] (2) Calculate the changes in CO concentration, CO2 concentration, blast furnace hot blast pressure, and blast furnace top gas temperature in the adjacent time intervals between the previous and subsequent time intervals.

[0071] The magnitude of the change in CO concentration = |CO concentration at the previous moment 前 -CO concentration at the next moment 后 |÷CO concentration at the previous moment 前 ;

[0072] The magnitude of the change in CO2 concentration = |CO2 concentration at the previous moment 前 -CO2 concentration at the next moment 后|÷CO2 concentration at the previous moment 前 ;

[0073] The change in blast furnace hot blast pressure = |Blast furnace hot blast pressure at the previous moment 前 - Blast furnace hot blast pressure at the next moment 后 |÷ Blast furnace hot blast pressure at the previous moment 前 ;

[0074] The amplitude of the change in furnace top gas temperature = |the furnace top gas temperature at the previous moment 前 -The temperature of the gas at the top of the furnace at the next moment 后 |÷Previous moment's furnace top gas temperature 前 .

[0075] (3) Collect the changes in CO concentration, CO2 concentration, blast furnace hot blast pressure, and furnace top gas temperature before and after multiple material sliding operations, and then take the average values ​​of each, which are recorded as: the average value of the changes in CO concentration. 滑料 The average value of the change in CO2 concentration 滑料 The average value of the variation range of blast furnace hot blast pressure 滑料 and the average value of the temperature variation of the furnace top gas 滑料 .

[0076] The maximum values ​​of the CO concentration variation, CO2 concentration variation, blast furnace hot blast pressure variation, and top gas temperature variation are respectively denoted as: the maximum value of the CO concentration variation. 滑料 The maximum value of the change in CO2 concentration 滑料 The maximum value of the variation range of blast furnace hot blast pressure 滑料 The maximum value of the temperature variation range of the gas at the furnace top 滑料 .

[0077] Based on the above data, the triggering time t when the probe reaches the material surface... 始 Previously (t) <t 始 ), or the trigger time t when the material level finishes descending and begins to rise. 末 After (t>t) 末 Or, during the fabrication process, if:

[0078] Average value of CO concentration change 滑料 ≤ CO concentration change range ≤ maximum value of CO concentration change range 滑料 ,and,

[0079] Average value of CO2 concentration change 滑料≤ CO2 concentration change range ≤ maximum value of CO2 concentration change range 滑料 ,and,

[0080] Average value of the change in blast furnace hot blast pressure 滑料 ≤ Blast furnace hot blast pressure variation range ≤ Maximum value of blast furnace hot blast pressure variation range 滑料 ,and,

[0081] Average value of the temperature variation of the gas at the top of the furnace 滑料 ≤ Value of temperature change at the top of the furnace gas ≤ Maximum value of temperature change at the top of the furnace gas 滑料 If Z = 1, it indicates that the blast furnace is sliding, and the blast furnace is simultaneously triggered by the sliding alarm.

[0082] Specifically, (1) for example, let the time of the previous moment be t. 前 The time of the next moment is t. 后 The time difference is Δt = 5s. Let t... 前 The CO concentration at time A is 前 CO2 concentration is B 前 The corresponding blast furnace hot blast pressure is P. 前 The corresponding furnace top gas temperature is T. 前 Take t 后 The CO concentration at time A is 后 CO2 concentration is B 后 The corresponding blast furnace hot blast pressure is P. 后 The corresponding furnace top gas temperature is T. 后 .

[0083] (2) Calculate the changes in CO concentration (ΔA), CO2 concentration (ΔB), blast furnace hot blast pressure (ΔP), and top gas temperature (ΔT) within a time difference of Δt = 5s, respectively. ΔA = |A| 前 -A 后 |÷A 前 ΔB=|B 前 -B 后 |÷B 前 ΔP=|P 前 -P 后 |÷P 前 ΔT=|T 前 -T 后 |÷T 前 .

[0084] (3) Collect the values ​​of CO concentration change ΔA, CO2 concentration change ΔB, blast furnace hot blast pressure change ΔP, and furnace top gas temperature change ΔT before and after multiple material sliding operations, and take the average values ​​as ΔAav, ΔBav, ΔPav, and ΔTav respectively, and record the maximum values ​​as ΔAmx, ΔBmx, ΔPmx, and ΔTmx respectively. During the statistical process, the amplitude and time period of the air pressure change during the hot blast stove replacement are considered simultaneously to deduct the impact brought about by the hot blast stove replacement.

[0085] Pre-collecting data on various parameters before and after multiple instances of material slippage can be understood as follows: Even if material slippage has been determined to have occurred through manual experience, but happens to happen within the blind zone of the probe detection, the curves and corresponding values ​​can be reviewed since CO concentration, CO2 concentration, blast furnace hot blast pressure, and top gas temperature are recorded in real time. This allows for the extraction of the values ​​of each parameter before and after material slippage. Collecting as many material slippage cases and corresponding parameter values ​​as possible allows for the calculation of the average and maximum values ​​of relevant parameters, which serve as the model's judgment threshold standards, thereby automatically determining whether material slippage has occurred in the blast furnace.

[0086] When the CO concentration change ΔA is ΔAav≤ΔA≤ΔAmx, the CO2 concentration change ΔB is ΔBav≤ΔB≤ΔBmx, the blast furnace hot blast pressure change ΔP is ΔPav≤ΔP≤ΔPmx, and the furnace top gas temperature change ΔT is ΔTav≤ΔT≤ΔTmx, Z=1, then the blast furnace sliding alarm is triggered.

[0087] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above description refers to the judgment and alarm of material slippage during the operation of a single probe. In actual production, blast furnaces often have two, three, or even four probes. Similarly, all probes can be calculated and judged separately according to the above rules. As long as one probe judges that material slippage has occurred, the blast furnace material slippage alarm is triggered. The location and severity of the material slippage can be further determined based on the number of probes that triggered the alarm.

[0088] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in determining whether there is material slippage in a blast furnace, using data such as the changes in CO concentration, CO2 concentration, temperature, and hot blast pressure in the top gas as a supplementary method to the use of the probe is sufficient. When the probe can effectively determine whether material slippage is occurring, its alarm signals have priority. Alarms based on these data are effective after the probe is raised, during the material distribution process, and before the probe is lowered to the material surface.

[0089] The method of this invention synchronously displays and collects second-level probe operation data, top gas CO and CO2 data, blast furnace hot blast pressure data, and top gas temperature data in the blast furnace operating system in real time. The data acquisition frequency is ≤5 seconds. The data acquisition system records the probe depth value, top gas CO and CO2 value, blast furnace hot blast pressure value, and top gas temperature value. Through computational programming, the computer automatically collects, calculates, judges, assigns values, and alarms for relevant parameters under the above steps and judgment rules, promptly informing operators of material slippage, assisting blast furnace operators in judging and taking corresponding measures, and timely eliminating the adverse effects of material slippage. As can be seen from the above steps, within the judgment framework of this method, different blast furnaces will assign different range values ​​to each parameter, resulting in corresponding furnace condition judgment ranges, all of which are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0090] The method of this invention was applied to a blast furnace with a minimum data acquisition frequency of 5 seconds. The blast furnace is equipped with three mechanical probes, and an average of 200 batches of material are fed per day. The set material depth h is... 定 =2.0m, ore batch weight is 44t / batch, coke load is 4.5t / t, furnace throat diameter is 6.9m, minimum material line depth is h min =1.5m. Based on statistical calculations of the average material feeding speed under normal furnace conditions, the average feeding speed v = 3mm / s. The critical value of the normal downward speed of the material surface is v. 临=50mm / s. During the production process of this blast furnace, material slippage often occurs before the probe reaches the material surface, with the deepest slippage reaching 3.0m from 2.0m. This method achieves 100% accuracy in identifying this type of slippage. In the same blast furnace production process, it also frequently occurs where, after the probe reaches the material surface, material is initially discharged at a normal speed, followed by slippage to a depth >0.3m, a phenomenon known as probe tailing. The method of this invention achieves 100% accuracy in identifying this type of slippage. When the probe reaches the material surface and suddenly slips to a depth >0.3m, and then descends slowly after slipping while the overall discharge speed remains normal, the accuracy in identifying slippage reaches 100%. If material slippage occurs during the initial lifting and material distribution process, but before the probe reaches the minimum material depth, it cannot be determined by the probe's operation. In this case, it can be determined by comprehensively judging the changes in the concentrations of CO and CO2 in the top gas, the temperature of the top gas, and the pressure of the blast furnace hot blast. The accuracy rate for determining material slippage can reach over 85%. Furthermore, during the material slippage process, the changes in CO and CO2 concentrations in the gas should reach 5% to 10%, the temperature change of the top gas should be <3%, and the pressure change of the blast furnace hot blast should reach 3% to 6%.

[0091] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0092] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. "A plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0093] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the framework of the invention, technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined, and many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above exist, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An automatic method for determining blast furnace sliding materials, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10, acquires data by collecting and calculating at a certain collection frequency; S20, Construct the slippage judgment index Z based on the acquired data: If Z=0, then the blast furnace is not being shunted. If Z=1, then the blast furnace feedstock is slidable; The data obtained includes: The speed v of the material surface descending 料 The speed v of the probe 尺 The depth h of the probe 尺 The start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 The trigger time t when the material level finishes its downward movement and begins to rise. 末 The speed at which the material surface descends, v 料 = (Trigger time t when the material level ends and the tape starts to rise) 末 The corresponding probe depth h 末 - The start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 The corresponding probe depth h 始 () / (Trigger time t when the material level ends its downward movement and begins to rise) 末 - The start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 ); probe speed v 尺 =Δh / Δt, where Δh is the depth at which the probe travels and Δh = h 尺-后 -h 尺-前 Δt=t 尺-后 -t 尺-前 If the following conditions are met, then Z = 1, triggering a blast furnace charge slippage alarm: The trigger time t from when the probe reaches the material surface 始 The trigger time t from the start of the material's downward movement to the end of the movement and the start of the retraction. 末 Stop, the downward speed of the material surface v 料 The critical value of v, which is greater than or equal to the normal downward speed of the material surface, is 临 And the depth h of the probe 尺 Greater than or equal to the minimum feed line depth h min ; If the following conditions are met, then Z = 1, triggering the blast furnace charge slippage alarm: The trigger time t from when the probe reaches the material surface 始 The trigger time t from the start of the material's downward movement to the end of the movement and the start of the retraction. 末 Stop, the speed v of the probe 尺 The critical value of v, which is greater than or equal to the normal downward speed of the material surface, is 临 ; If the following conditions are met, then Z = 1, triggering the blast furnace charge slippage alarm: The trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 Previously, the probe's speed v 尺 The critical value of v, which is greater than or equal to the normal downward speed of the material surface, is 临 And the depth h of the probe 尺 Greater than or equal to the set feed line depth h 定 +0.3 meters.

2. The automatic determination method for blast furnace sliding charge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following steps determine the initial trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface. 始 : At adjacent moments, if the probe's subsequent moment t 后 speed v 尺-后 Compared to the previous moment t 前 speed v 尺-前 If the difference exceeds the critical velocity v0, then the next time step t will be... 后 The sum of the sampling frequency Δt and the time t is denoted as the start trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface. 始 .

3. The automatic determination method for blast furnace sliding charge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following steps determine the trigger time t when the material level descent ends and the tape lifting begins. 末 : At adjacent moments, if the probe's subsequent moment t 后 depth h 尺-后 Less than the previous time t 前 depth h 尺-前 The speed v of the probe 尺 If the value is negative, then the next time step t will be... 后 The sum of the sampling frequency Δt and the trigger time t is recorded as the time when the material surface finishes its downward movement and begins to rise. 末 .

4. The automatic determination method for blast furnace sliding charge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data obtained also includes: The values ​​of change in CO concentration, CO2 concentration, blast furnace hot blast pressure, and blast furnace top gas temperature in the gas at adjacent time points, between the previous and subsequent time points. The magnitude of the change in CO concentration = |CO concentration at the previous moment 前 -CO concentration at the next moment 后 |÷CO concentration at the previous moment 前 ; The magnitude of the change in CO2 concentration = |CO2 concentration at the previous moment 前 -CO2 concentration at the next moment 后 |÷CO2 concentration at the previous moment 前 ; The change in blast furnace hot blast pressure = |Blast furnace hot blast pressure at the previous moment 前 - Blast furnace hot blast pressure at the next moment 后 |÷ Blast furnace hot blast pressure at the previous moment 前 ; The change in furnace top gas temperature = |the previous moment's furnace top gas temperature 前 -The temperature of the gas at the top of the furnace at the next moment 后 |÷Previous moment's furnace top gas temperature 前 .

5. The automatic determination method for blast furnace sliding charge according to claim 4, characterized in that, The trigger time t when the probe reaches the material surface 始 Previously, or at the trigger time t when the material level finishes its downward movement and begins to rise. 末 Subsequently, or during the charging process, if the following condition is met, Z = 1, triggering the blast furnace charge slippage alarm: Average value of CO concentration change 滑料 ≤ CO concentration change range ≤ maximum value of CO concentration change range 滑料 ,and, Average value of CO2 concentration change 滑料 ≤ CO2 concentration change range ≤ maximum value of CO2 concentration change range 滑料 ,and, Average value of the change in blast furnace hot blast pressure 滑料 ≤ Blast furnace hot blast pressure variation range ≤ Maximum value of blast furnace hot blast pressure variation range 滑料 ,and, Average value of the temperature variation of the gas at the top of the furnace 滑料 ≤ Value of temperature change at the top of the furnace gas ≤ Maximum value of temperature change at the top of the furnace gas 滑料 ,in, The changes in CO concentration, CO2 concentration, blast furnace hot blast pressure, and top gas temperature were collected before and after multiple material sliding operations. These values ​​were then averaged and recorded as: the average value of the CO concentration change. 滑料 The average value of the change in CO2 concentration 滑料 The average value of the variation range of blast furnace hot blast pressure 滑料 and the average value of the temperature variation of the furnace top gas 滑料 ;as well as The maximum values ​​of the CO concentration variation, CO2 concentration variation, blast furnace hot blast pressure variation, and top gas temperature variation are respectively denoted as: the maximum value of the CO concentration variation. 滑料 The maximum value of the change in CO2 concentration 滑料 The maximum value of the variation range of blast furnace hot blast pressure 滑料 The maximum value of the temperature variation range of the gas at the furnace top 滑料 .

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