A sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of sintering metallurgical byproduct gas sprayer, including access pipe and distributor, the access pipe is used to send metallurgical byproduct gas into distributor;Multiple gas jet groups are vertically spaced apart on the distributor, and the gas jet group includes multiple spray ports arranged circumferentially on the distributor;From top to bottom, the jet diameter of the spray port in each gas jet group gradually increases.The present application uses the superposition and combination of multiple range jets to greatly improve the range and uniformity of single sprayer, and realizes full and uniform coverage of the material surface.The present application sprays metallurgical byproduct gas in horizontal direction or inclined downward, solves the problem of gas vertical injection contact sintering material layer rebound and escape, and greatly improves the mixing effect of gas and air, and improves the uniformity of gas spraying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sintering technology, and more specifically to a metallurgical by-product gas sprayer for sintering. Background Technology

[0002] Metallurgical by-product gas is a general term for by-product gases containing certain combustible components, such as coke oven gas, converter gas, and blast furnace gas, produced during the main metallurgical processes. It generally contains a relatively high amount of impurities such as nitrogen (N2), and therefore its calorific value is usually low, typically ranging from 800 to 4000 kcal / Nm³. 3 Meanwhile, because it often contains highly toxic gases such as CO and combustible gases mainly composed of highly reactive gases such as H2, it possesses strong toxicity and explosive properties, posing a significant risk. Due to these characteristics, the utilization of metallurgical by-product gas is severely limited. Currently, it is mainly used for direct combustion heating in sintering ignition and waste heat boiler power generation, utilizing it through combustion heat extraction. The energy absorbed by these processes is far less than the amount of gas produced in the metallurgical process, resulting in the direct release of large quantities of metallurgical by-product gas, causing serious resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0003] To improve the capacity of the steelmaking process to utilize metallurgical by-product gas and achieve closed-loop circulation of the by-product gas within the steelmaking process, sintering gas injection technology is currently a relatively effective method. This technology injects the metallurgical by-product gas above the sintering material surface, allowing it to be drawn into the sintering layer and burned for heat within the layer. This reduces the amount of solid fuel used in sintering, thereby reducing solid fuel consumption and carbon emissions while simultaneously utilizing and disposing of the by-product gas, achieving resource-based treatment. However, this technology places high demands on the injection device, mainly in the following aspects: ① The injection device needs to evenly inject the gas into the space above the material surface to avoid areas with high concentrations and excessive heat supply, while other areas have low concentrations and insufficient heat supply; ② The injection device needs to prevent the injected gas from escaping into the environment, especially preventing the diffusion of toxic components. Existing technologies mostly employ a direct injection structure with open-hole pipes, but there is room for further improvement in its uniformity, gas-air mixing effect, and escape prevention.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a metallurgical by-product gas sprayer for sintering to solve the problems existing in the current technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metallurgical by-product gas sprayer for sintering, aiming to solve the problems of poor uniformity of gas spraying, poor mixing effect of gas and air, and gas escape in existing spraying devices. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A metallurgical by-product gas sprayer for sintering includes an inlet pipe and a distributor. The inlet pipe is used to deliver the metallurgical by-product gas into the distributor. The distributor is provided with multiple gas nozzle groups at vertical intervals along its upper edge. Each gas nozzle group includes multiple spray nozzles arranged at circumferential intervals along the distributor. From top to bottom, the spray nozzle diameter of each gas nozzle group gradually increases.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solutions, the spray nozzles in adjacent gas nozzle groups are vertically staggered.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solutions, the nozzle diameter of each spray nozzle in a single group of gas nozzles is the same.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solutions, the inlet end of the access pipe is provided with a pipe joint.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solutions, a one-way flow device is provided to prevent gas in the distributor from flowing back through the inlet pipe.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the above technical solutions, the one-way flow device includes a one-way piston and a return spring, wherein the return spring provides elastic force to cause the one-way piston to block the outlet end of the inlet pipe.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the one-way piston is frustum-shaped, the outlet end of the inlet pipe is provided with a conical hole, and the taper of the one-way piston and the conical hole are equal.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solutions, the one-way piston is a ball, and the diameter of the outlet end of the inlet pipe is smaller than the diameter of the ball.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solutions, the outlet end of the inlet pipe is located inside the distributor, and the outlet end is located below the lowest gas nozzle assembly.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solutions, the spray nozzle sprays metallurgical by-product coal gas in a horizontal direction or at an angle downwards.

[0016] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The sprayer of this invention features a gradually increasing nozzle diameter from top to bottom, resulting in a gradually increasing jet range of the gas from each nozzle. Through the superposition and combination of multiple jet ranges, the effective range and uniformity of a single sprayer are significantly improved, achieving comprehensive and uniform coverage of the material surface and a uniform spraying effect. At the same time, the gas jet range at the bottom is set to be greater than that at the top, which not only expands the gas coverage area to improve the uniformity of spraying but also prevents the gas at the top from escaping after bouncing off the spray hood.

[0018] In this invention, metallurgical by-product gas is injected horizontally or inclined downwards from the spray nozzle. Horizontal injection maximizes gas diffusion, while the suction effect of the bellows prevents gas escape, ensuring uniform gas spraying and effective mixing with air. When injected inclined downwards, the gas has horizontal outward and vertical downward velocities. The horizontal outward velocity spreads the gas outwards, ensuring thorough mixing with the vertically downward air and maintaining uniform spraying. The vertical downward velocity effectively suppresses gas diffusion and escape towards the top of the hood. This invention, by injecting metallurgical by-product gas horizontally or inclined downwards, solves the problem of gas escaping due to rebound when vertically injected into the sintering material layer, and also significantly improves the mixing effect of gas and air, enhancing the uniformity of gas spraying.

[0019] The present invention is equipped with a one-way flow device, which allows the inlet pipe to flow in only one direction, effectively preventing gas in the distributor from flowing back into the inlet pipe.

[0020] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a sintering metallurgical by-product gas spraying device in the prior art.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer of the present invention;

[0025] Among them, 1. spray hood, 2. sintering material layer, 3. air box, and 4. spray pipe row;

[0026] 01. Inlet pipe, 02. Distributor, 03. One-way piston, 04. Return spring, 05. Pipe joint, 06. Outlet end, 07. Spray nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description is provided below, along with preferred embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0029] Example:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a sintering metallurgical by-product gas spraying device in the prior art. Figure 1 It is known that the existing spraying device mainly consists of a spray hood 1 set above the sintering material layer 2 and several spray pipe rows 4 arranged parallel to the sintering material layer 2. The bottom of the spray hood 1 is a sintering trolley that loads the sintering material layer. A sealing element is installed between the side of the spray hood and the sintering trolley. The spray hood encloses a space relatively independent from the surrounding environment above the sintering material layer. A flow straightener may or may not be installed on the top of the spray hood. Several spray pipe rows 4 are installed inside the spray hood, and several spray holes are installed at the bottom of the spray pipe rows. During production, the bottom air box 3 draws air downwards, forming a slight negative pressure of about 5 to 10 Pa above the sintering material layer. Under the action of the negative pressure, the air outside the spray hood is drawn into the space of the hood from the top. Metallurgical by-product gas (i.e., fuel gas) is sprayed out from the spray holes on the spray pipe rows at a certain speed (generally about 30 to 50 m / s). After the gas and air diffuse and mix inside the blower, they are drawn into the sintering material layer, where the gas burns and provides heat.

[0031] Combination Figure 1As can be seen, in the existing technical solution, after the gas is ejected from the spray pipe, the gas jet directly impacts the upper surface of the sintering material layer 2. This device has a simple structure, low equipment cost, and can improve uniformity by increasing the number of pipes, thus becoming one of the most widely used solutions in practical engineering. However, the shortcomings of the existing technical solution are also obvious. First, the gas jet and the air flow are basically parallel and flow in the same direction, resulting in poor mixing between air and gas. As we know from the basic knowledge of jets, the momentum and mass exchange between the jet and the ambient fluid mainly occurs in a triangular area with the jet outlet as the vertex, and the apex angle of the triangle is about 20-24°. Outside this area, the jet and the ambient fluid basically do not mix. In the existing structure, the nozzle size is very small compared to the size of the shroud, and the gas jet can be regarded as a free jet before contacting the material. Therefore, it can be predicted that the area sprayed by a single nozzle is very limited, and the mixing between fuel and air is insufficient. Second, when the gas jet directly impacts the surface of the material layer at a certain speed, it will create a vertically upward rebound velocity on the surface of the material layer. The appearance of this velocity can easily induce some of the gas to escape from the top of the jet hood.

[0032] To address the problems of poor gas-air mixing and easy gas escape in existing spraying devices, this embodiment provides a novel metallurgical by-product gas sprayer for sintering.

[0033] See Figures 2-3 The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer provided in this embodiment includes an inlet pipe 01 and a distributor 02. The inlet pipe 01 is used to send the metallurgical by-product gas into the distributor 02. The distributor 02 is provided with multiple gas nozzle groups at vertical intervals. The gas nozzle groups include multiple spray nozzles 07 arranged at circumferential intervals along the distributor 02. From top to bottom, the spray nozzle diameter of the spray nozzles 07 in each gas nozzle group gradually increases.

[0034] Because the spray nozzles are designed to gradually increase in size from top to bottom, the jet range of the gas also gradually increases from top to bottom. By combining several spray nozzles with different diameters (i.e., different jet ranges), comprehensive and uniform coverage of the material surface can be achieved, resulting in uniform spraying. At the same time, setting the gas jet range at the bottom to be greater than that at the top can prevent the gas at the top from escaping after bouncing off the spray hood.

[0035] It is common knowledge to those skilled in the art that a larger nozzle diameter (i.e., nozzle area) results in a greater range. This embodiment provides a simple explanation of this common knowledge as follows:

[0036] According to fluid mechanics, the attenuation law of the axial velocity of a circular jet conforms to the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] In the formula: a is the turbulence structure coefficient, which is equal to 0.07 to 0.08;

[0039] r is the nozzle radius;

[0040] s is the distance from the calculation section to the nozzle;

[0041] v m v0 is the velocity at the cross section, and v0 is the initial velocity of the jet.

[0042] If we define the velocity decay at the cross-section as 10% of the initial jet velocity (i.e.) When the distance between the cross section and the nozzle is S0, the jet range is:

[0043]

[0044] The transformation yields:

[0045]

[0046] That is, the jet range S0 is directly proportional to the nozzle size, with a proportionality coefficient of 9.31 / a; thus, it can be seen that the larger the nozzle size, the greater the jet range. For any points not fully explained in the above general knowledge introduction, please refer to "Tongji University. Combustion and Application of Gas [M]. China Building Industry Press, 2011."

[0047] Preferably, to further improve the uniformity of gas spraying, in this embodiment, the spray nozzles 07 in adjacent gas nozzle groups are vertically staggered. There are two possible staggering configurations: first, all spray nozzles in all gas nozzle groups are vertically staggered; second, the spray nozzles in the j-th gas nozzle group are staggered from those in the (j-1)-th and (j+1)-th gas nozzle groups, but the spray nozzles in the (j-1)-th and (j+1)-th gas nozzle groups are not staggered. Both configurations improve the uniformity of gas spraying, and the appropriate configuration can be chosen based on actual conditions.

[0048] Preferably, the nozzle diameter of each spray nozzle 07 in a single group of gas nozzles is the same, ensuring that the spray range of the spray nozzles in the same group is consistent, so that the spray range of each gas nozzle group gradually increases from top to bottom, thereby improving the uniformity of spraying.

[0049] Preferably, the inlet end of the access pipe 01 is provided with a pipe joint 05. In this embodiment, a threaded pipe joint is used, but a snap-fit ​​or other method can also be used; the pipe joint 05 enables the access pipe 01 to be quickly connected to the main pipeline for conveying metallurgical by-product gas.

[0050] Preferably, the inlet pipe extends into the interior of the distributor, and the outlet end 06 of the inlet pipe 01 is located inside the distributor 02, below the lowest gas nozzle assembly. As can be seen from the characteristics of friction resistance, friction resistance is related to the fluid path length; the longer the path, the greater the friction resistance. That is, the closer to the outlet end in the distributor, the smaller the friction resistance, and therefore the higher the pressure; conversely, the farther from the outlet end, the greater the friction resistance, and therefore the lower the pressure. Utilizing this characteristic, in this embodiment, the outlet end is positioned below the lowest gas nozzle assembly to ensure that the pressure at the bottom of the distributor is greater than the pressure at the top, ensuring sufficient gas supply for the lower nozzle with its larger diameter, thus extending its spray range. Simultaneously, it reduces the spray range of the upper nozzle, preventing the gas from escaping after colliding with the spray nozzle housing.

[0051] Of course, due to differences in the location, number, and diameter of the spray nozzles, in some embodiments the outlet end may not be located below the lowest gas nozzle group. When the supply pressure of metallurgical by-product gas is sufficient, the outlet end can be located at any height in the distributor, and the spray range of the distributor can be gradually increased from top to bottom.

[0052] Preferably, the spray nozzle 07 sprays metallurgical by-product gas in a horizontal or inclined downward direction. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The illustration shows metallurgical by-product gas (i.e., fuel gas) being injected horizontally from the nozzle. After being ejected horizontally, the fuel gas mixes with air and is then drawn into the sintering material layer for combustion (since the fuel gas moves downwards with the airflow, there is no issue of fuel gas escape). Because the fuel gas is ejected horizontally, it can diffuse to the maximum extent, ensuring uniformity of the fuel gas spray and effective mixing with air. When the fuel gas is injected obliquely downwards, it has horizontal outward and vertical downward velocities. The horizontal outward velocity allows the fuel gas to spread outwards, ensuring thorough mixing with the vertically downward air and maintaining uniformity of the spray. The vertical downward velocity effectively suppresses the diffusion and escape of the fuel gas towards the top of the hood. In this embodiment, by injecting metallurgical by-product gas horizontally or obliquely downwards, the problem of fuel gas escaping due to rebound upon vertical injection into the sintering material layer is solved, while also significantly improving the mixing effect of the fuel gas and air, and enhancing the uniformity of the fuel gas spray.

[0053] Preferably, the dispenser in this embodiment is a cylinder, and in some embodiments the dispenser may also be a prism; furthermore, the axes of the dispenser and the access pipe coincide.

[0054] For further details, please see Figure 2 and Figure 3In this embodiment, a one-way flow device is provided to prevent the gas in the distributor 02 from flowing back through the inlet pipe 01.

[0055] Preferably, in this embodiment, the one-way flow device includes a one-way piston 03 and a return spring 04. The return spring 04 provides elastic force to cause the one-way piston 03 to block the outlet end 06 of the inlet pipe 01. In this embodiment, the return spring 04 is installed on the bottom surface of the distributor, and the one-way piston 03 is connected to the return spring 04. In this configuration, the return spring 04 is in a compressed state. In some embodiments, the return spring may be located in the inlet pipe 01, and the one-way piston 03 may be located at the outlet end. One end of the return spring 04 is connected to the inner wall of the inlet pipe 01 through a connector, and the other end is connected to the one-way piston 03. In this configuration, the return spring is in a stretched state. When the gas pressure is greater than the elastic force generated by the return spring, the one-way piston 03 is pushed open, and the gas can enter the distributor from the outlet end. When the gas supply stops, the return spring drives the one-way piston to block the outlet end of the inlet pipe, preventing backflow of gas in the distributor.

[0056] In a further preferred embodiment, the one-way piston 03 is frustum-shaped, and the outlet end 06 of the inlet pipe 01 is provided with a conical hole. The taper of the one-way piston 03 and the conical hole are equal. The cooperation between the conical hole and the frustum ensures the sealing between the one-way piston and the outlet end. At the same time, the conical hole guides the movement of the one-way piston, ensuring that the one-way piston can accurately seal the outlet end.

[0057] In some embodiments, the one-way piston 03 is a sphere, and the diameter of the outlet end 06 of the inlet pipe 01 is smaller than the diameter of the sphere. The outlet end 06 is sealed by the spherical one-way piston. Furthermore, the outlet end can be provided with a spherical surface that matches the one-way piston to improve the sealing effect of the one-way piston.

[0058] In some embodiments, the one-way flow device may be a purchased existing one-way valve to prevent backflow of gas in the distributor.

[0059] See Figure 3 In this embodiment, the sprayer is placed inside the spray hood 1 and above the sintering material layer 2. After connecting the sprayer's inlet pipe to the main pipe for conveying metallurgical by-product gas, the metallurgical by-product gas can be sprayed into the space inside the spray hood. The number, method, and height of the sprayers in the spray hood can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0060] The sprayer in this embodiment sprays gas horizontally or downwards at an angle, allowing the gas and air to meet at an intersection, resulting in a better mixing effect. Furthermore, by avoiding direct impact of the gas jet on the material surface, it also prevents the gas from rebounding and escaping. At the same time, the superposition and coordination of gas jets with different ranges significantly improves the coverage area and uniformity of a single sprayer.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer, characterized in that, It includes an inlet pipe (01) and a distributor (02). The inlet pipe (01) is used to send metallurgical by-product coal gas into the distributor (02). The distributor (02) is provided with multiple gas nozzle groups at vertical intervals. The gas nozzle groups include multiple spray nozzles (07) arranged at circumferential intervals along the distributor (02). From top to bottom, the spray nozzle (07) in each gas nozzle group gradually increases in diameter.

2. The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray nozzles (07) in adjacent gas nozzle groups are vertically staggered.

3. The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle diameter of each spray port (07) in a single group of gas nozzles is the same.

4. The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet end of the access pipe (01) is provided with a pipe joint (05).

5. The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, A one-way flow device is provided to prevent gas in the distributor (02) from flowing back through the inlet pipe (01).

6. The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The one-way flow device includes a one-way piston (03) and a return spring (04), the return spring (04) providing elastic force so that the one-way piston (03) blocks the outlet end (06) of the inlet pipe (01).

7. The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The one-way piston (03) is frustum-shaped, and the outlet end (06) of the inlet pipe (01) is provided with a tapered hole. The taper of the one-way piston (03) and the tapered hole are equal.

8. The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The one-way piston (03) is a sphere, and the diameter of the outlet end (06) of the inlet pipe (01) is smaller than the diameter of the sphere.

9. The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The outlet end (06) of the inlet pipe (01) is located inside the distributor (02), and the outlet end (06) is located below the lowest gas nozzle assembly.

10. The sintering metallurgical by-product gas sprayer according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The spray nozzle (07) sprays metallurgical by-product gas horizontally or downward at an angle.

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