Pneumatic flexible grain threshing device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to a pneumatic flexible grain threshing device and method, comprising a flexible threshing mechanism. The flexible threshing mechanism includes an outer cover and a roller shafted inside the outer cover. The outer cover has sieve holes, and an inlet and an outlet are respectively provided on both sides of the outer cover. The roller includes a rigid inner cavity wall, a rigid outer cavity wall, and an elastic outer cavity wall arranged sequentially from the inside out. The outer ring of the elastic outer cavity wall is fixed with multiple flexible teeth. A threshing gap is formed between the elastic outer cavity wall and the outer cover. The rigid outer cavity wall and the elastic outer cavity wall form a sealed outer cavity. The rigid inner cavity wall and the rigid outer cavity wall form a sealed inner cavity. The rigid outer cavity wall is equipped with a recovery valve that opens towards the outer cavity and a contraction valve that opens towards the inner cavity. This invention adopts a pneumatic flexible threshing method, with a simple overall structure, good compatibility, and strong adaptability, and can achieve efficient and low-loss threshing of grains with different feed amounts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a pneumatic flexible grain threshing device and threshing method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, grain threshing mainly relies on two methods: manual harvesting and machine harvesting. Manual harvesting is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and has low production efficiency, necessitating a significant increase in mechanized harvesting. Commonly used traditional machine harvesting and threshing devices on the market primarily fall into two categories: tangential flow and axial flow. However, when the grain feed rate is too high, traditional mechanical harvesting and threshing methods are prone to grain breakage and drum blockage, severely impacting harvesting efficiency and quality.

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of existing grain harvesting and threshing machinery, there is an urgent need for a flexible grain threshing device to achieve flexible threshing of grain with different feed amounts, so as to reduce grain breakage and loss rate during the threshing process and improve the efficiency of harvesting and threshing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a pneumatic flexible grain threshing device and method. The device has a simple structure, low loss rate during operation, and high operating efficiency, thereby achieving low-loss and high-efficiency grain threshing.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a pneumatic flexible grain threshing device is provided, including a flexible threshing mechanism. The flexible threshing mechanism includes an outer cover and a roller shafted inside the outer cover. The outer cover has sieve holes, and an inlet and an outlet are respectively provided on both sides of the outer cover. The roller includes a rigid inner cavity wall, a rigid outer cavity wall, and an elastic outer cavity wall arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The outer ring of the elastic outer cavity wall is fixed with multiple flexible teeth. A threshing gap is formed between the elastic outer cavity wall and the outer cover. The rigid outer cavity wall and the elastic outer cavity wall form a sealed outer cavity. The rigid inner cavity wall and the rigid outer cavity wall form a sealed inner cavity. A recovery valve that opens towards the outer cavity and a contraction valve that opens towards the inner cavity are installed on the rigid outer cavity wall.

[0006] In this design, the recovery valve and the contraction valve have a certain opening pressure in the initial state. By dynamically balancing the gas between the outer cavity and the inner cavity of the drum, the threshing gap is changed, thereby automatically adjusting the force exerted by the outer cavity wall of the drum on the ears of grain.

[0007] As an optimization, the flexible threshing mechanism also includes a drive motor for rotating the drum. In this design, the drum is rotated by the drive motor.

[0008] As an optimization, the system also includes a frame, as well as a cutter and a feeding mechanism mounted at the front of the frame. In this design, the cutter is used to harvest the grain, and the feeding mechanism transports the harvested grain to the flexible threshing mechanism.

[0009] As an optimization, a conveyor belt is also included between the feeding mechanism and the inlet. In this solution, the grain output from the feeding mechanism is conveyed to the inlet of the flexible threshing mechanism.

[0010] As an optimization, rotating shafts are fixed to both ends of the roller, and these shafts are connected to the frame. In this design, the roller's rotation is achieved through these rotating shafts.

[0011] As an optimization, a collection box is also included, located below the outer casing. The collection box in this design is used to collect the material screened from the drum screen.

[0012] As an optimization, the outer cover includes an upper roller cover located above the drum and a drum screen located below the drum, with the screen holes arranged on the drum screen. In this solution, the upper roller cover and the drum screen constitute the outer cover, and the gap between them constitutes the feed inlet and the discharge outlet.

[0013] As an optimization, both the upper roller cover and the roller screen are arc-shaped and coaxial with the outer cavity wall of the elastic air chamber. This coaxial arrangement facilitates the formation of a uniform arc-shaped threshing gap.

[0014] A threshing method using the aforementioned pneumatic flexible grain threshing device:

[0015] Initially, the pressures in the outer and inner chambers of the air chamber are respectively and Adjust the opening pressures of the set contraction valve and the recovery valve as follows: and ;

[0016] As the amount of grain fed increases, the force between the elastic outer cavity wall of the drum and the grain also increases. When the pressure in the outer cavity of the drum becomes... ,and( - )≥ When the contraction valve opens, the gas in the outer cavity of the gas chamber enters the inner cavity of the gas chamber through the contraction valve. The outer cavity wall of the elastic gas chamber deforms, and the threshing gap between the outer cavity wall of the elastic gas chamber and the drum screen increases to accommodate a large amount of grain.

[0017] As gas enters the chamber, the pressure outside the chamber decreases, and the pressure inside the chamber increases. When the amount of grain fed decreases, the pressure outside the chamber becomes... The pressure inside the air chamber is ,and( - )≥ When the recovery valve opens, the gas in the inner chamber of the gas chamber enters the outer chamber of the gas chamber through the recovery valve. The outer chamber wall of the elastic gas chamber is restored to its original shape, and the threshing gap between the outer chamber wall of the elastic gas chamber and the drum screen is reduced to accommodate small feed amounts of grain.

[0018] As different amounts of grain are fed in, the above process is repeated continuously, eventually enabling the pneumatic flexible grain threshing device to adapt to different amounts of grain and achieve flexible threshing.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The overall structure is simple, with good compatibility and strong adaptability, enabling flexible threshing of various grains;

[0021] 2. The pneumatic flexible threshing method is adopted. During threshing, the threshing gap can be changed by the dynamic balance of the pressure in the inner and outer chambers of the air chamber, thereby automatically adjusting the force of the outer chamber wall of the drum air chamber on the ears of grain. The grain loss rate is low, the threshing rate is high, and the optimal flexible threshing effect is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the flexible threshing mechanism of the present invention under normal feeding operation.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the flexible threshing mechanism of the present invention under the condition of large feed volume operation;

[0026] As shown in the figure:

[0027] 1. Cutter, 2. Feeding mechanism, 3. Conveyor belt, 4. Flexible threshing mechanism, 5. Upper roller cover, 6. Rotary shaft, 7. Discharge port, 8. Belt, 9. Drive motor, 10. Collection box, 11. Frame, 12. Drum screen, 13. Reset valve, 14. Elastic outer chamber wall of the air chamber, 15. Outer chamber of the air chamber, 16. Inner chamber of the air chamber, 17. Rigid inner chamber wall of the air chamber, 18. Contraction valve, 19. Rigid inner chamber wall of the air chamber, 20. Drum, 21. Flexible teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution.

[0029] like Figures 1-4As shown, a pneumatic flexible grain threshing device of the present invention includes a flexible threshing mechanism 4, a frame 11, a cutter 1 and a feeding mechanism 2 mounted on the front end of the frame 11. The cutter 1 is mounted on the front end of the frame 11, and the feeding mechanism 2 is mounted on the frame 11, located in front of and above the cutter 1. The cutter 1 and the feeding mechanism 2 are existing technologies.

[0030] It also includes a conveyor belt 3 disposed between the feeding mechanism 2 and the inlet. The conveyor belt 3 is mounted on the frame 11, located behind the cutter 1, and connects the cutter 1 to the flexible threshing mechanism 4, conveying the grain obliquely upwards and backwards. The flexible threshing mechanism 4 is mounted on the frame 11, and the discharge port 7 is installed at the rear end of the flexible threshing mechanism 4.

[0031] The flexible threshing mechanism 4 includes an outer cover and a roller 20 shafted inside the outer cover. The outer cover has sieve holes, and inlet and outlet 7 are respectively provided on both sides of the outer cover. The outer ring of the roller 20 is cylindrical. In this embodiment, the outer cover includes an upper roller cover 5 located above the roller 20 and a roller screen 12 located below the roller 20. The sieve holes are provided on the roller screen 12. Both the upper roller cover 5 and the roller screen 12 are arc-shaped and coaxial with the outer cavity wall 14 of the elastic air chamber. The two ends of the upper roller cover 5 and the roller screen 12 are fixed and sealed by end plates. The gaps on both sides between the upper roller cover 5 and the roller screen 12 form the inlet and outlet 7.

[0032] It also includes a collection box 10 located below the outer cover, used to collect the screened material from the drum screen 12.

[0033] The upper roller cover 5 is installed above the roller 20 at a certain distance and angle to prevent material from splashing, and the roller screen 12 is installed below the roller 20 at a certain distance and angle to screen grains.

[0034] The roller 20 has rotating shafts 6 fixedly connected to both ends, and the rotating shafts 6 are axially connected to the frame 11. The rotating shafts 6 are fixedly connected to the center of the ends of the roller 20 and supported on the frame 11; the flexible threshing mechanism 4 also includes a drive motor 9 for driving the roller 20 to rotate. The drive motor 9 is fixedly mounted on the frame 11 and connected to the rotating shafts 6 via a belt 8, driving the roller 20 to rotate.

[0035] The roller 20 includes a rigid inner cavity wall 17, a rigid inner cavity wall 19, and an elastic outer cavity wall 14 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The rigid inner cavity wall 17, the rigid inner cavity wall 19, and the elastic outer cavity wall 14 are coaxially arranged and their ends are connected as an integral structure by a sealing plate. The rotating shaft 6 is fixed to the outside of the sealing plate.

[0036] The outer cavity wall 14 of the elastic air chamber is made of elastic material. Multiple flexible teeth 21 are fixed to the outer ring of the outer cavity wall 14. The flexible teeth 21 are made of flexible material and are used to crush and beat the ears of grain to achieve the threshing effect.

[0037] A threshing gap is formed between the elastic outer chamber wall 14 and the outer casing. The rigid chamber wall 19 and the elastic outer chamber wall 14 form a sealed outer chamber 15. The rigid inner chamber wall 17 and the rigid chamber wall 19 form a sealed inner chamber 16. The rigid chamber wall 19 is equipped with a recovery valve 13 that opens towards the outer chamber 15 and a contraction valve 18 that opens towards the inner chamber 16. The recovery valve 13 and the contraction valve 18 have a certain opening pressure in the initial state.

[0038] A threshing method using the aforementioned pneumatic flexible grain threshing device:

[0039] Initially, the pressures in the outer chamber 15 and the inner chamber 16 of the air chamber are respectively and Adjust the opening pressures of the set contraction valve 18 and the recovery valve 13 respectively. and ;

[0040] As the amount of grain fed increases, the force between the elastic outer cavity wall 14 of the roller 20 and the grain also increases, and the pressure in the outer cavity 15 of the roller increases. ,and - ≥ When the contraction valve 18 is opened, the gas in the outer chamber 15 of the gas chamber enters the inner chamber 16 of the gas chamber through the contraction valve 18. The outer chamber wall 14 of the elastic gas chamber deforms, and the threshing gap between the outer chamber wall 14 of the elastic gas chamber and the drum screen 12 increases to accommodate a large amount of grain.

[0041] As gas enters chamber 16, the pressure in chamber 15 decreases, and the pressure in chamber 16 increases. When the amount of grain fed decreases, the pressure in chamber 15 becomes... The pressure in chamber 16 is ,and - ≥ When the recovery valve 13 is opened, the gas in the inner chamber 16 of the gas chamber enters the outer chamber 15 of the gas chamber through the recovery valve 13. The elastic outer chamber wall 14 deforms and recovers, and the threshing gap between the elastic outer chamber wall 14 and the drum screen 12 is reduced to accommodate small feed amounts of grain.

[0042] As different amounts of grain are fed in, the above process is repeated continuously, eventually enabling the pneumatic flexible grain threshing device to adapt to different amounts of grain and achieve flexible threshing.

[0043] Of course, the above description is not limited to the examples above. Technical features not described in this invention can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this invention and are not intended to limit this invention. This invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this invention do not depart from the spirit of this invention and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic flexible grain threshing device, characterized in that: The device includes a flexible threshing mechanism (4), which includes an outer cover and a roller (20) shafted inside the outer cover. The outer cover has sieve holes and a feed inlet and a discharge outlet (7) on both sides of the outer cover. The roller (20) includes a rigid air chamber wall (17), a rigid air chamber wall (19), and an elastic air chamber wall (14) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The outer ring of the elastic air chamber wall (14) is fixed with multiple flexible teeth (21). The elastic air chamber wall (14) and the outer cover form a threshing gap. The rigid air chamber wall (19) and the elastic air chamber wall (14) form a closed air chamber (15). The rigid air chamber wall (17) and the rigid air chamber wall (19) form a closed air chamber (16). The rigid air chamber wall (19) is equipped with a recovery valve (13) that opens towards the air chamber (15) and a contraction valve (18) that opens towards the air chamber (16). The flexible threshing mechanism (4) also includes a drive motor (9) for rotating the drive drum (20). It also includes a frame (11), and a cutter (1) and a feeding mechanism (2) mounted on the front end of the frame (11).

2. The pneumatic flexible grain threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a conveyor belt (3) set between the feeding mechanism (2) and the feed inlet.

3. The pneumatic flexible grain threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller (20) has a rotating shaft (6) fixed at both ends, and the rotating shaft (6) is axially connected to the frame (11).

4. The pneumatic flexible grain threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a collection box (10) located under the outer cover.

5. A pneumatic flexible grain threshing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer cover includes an upper roller cover (5) located above the roller (20) and a roller screen (12) located below the roller (20), the screen holes being arranged on the roller screen (12).

6. The pneumatic flexible grain threshing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the upper roller cover (5) and the roller screen (12) are arc-shaped and coaxial with the outer cavity wall (14) of the elastic air chamber.

7. A threshing method using the pneumatic flexible grain threshing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Initially, the pressures in the outer chamber (15) and the inner chamber (16) of the air chamber are respectively and Adjust the opening pressure of the set contraction valve (18) and the recovery valve (13) respectively. and ; As the amount of grain fed increases, the force between the elastic outer cavity wall (14) of the roller (20) and the grain also increases. When the pressure in the outer cavity (15) of the roller (20) becomes ,and( - )≥ When the contraction valve (18) is opened, the gas in the outer cavity of the gas chamber (15) enters the inner cavity of the gas chamber (16) through the contraction valve (18), the outer cavity wall (14) of the elastic gas chamber deforms, and the threshing gap between the outer cavity wall (14) of the elastic gas chamber and the drum screen (12) increases to accommodate a large amount of grain. As gas enters the chamber (16), the pressure in the outer chamber (15) decreases, and the pressure in the inner chamber (16) increases. When the amount of grain fed decreases, the pressure in the outer chamber (15) is... The pressure in the chamber (16) of the air chamber is ,and( - )≥ When the recovery valve (13) is opened, the gas in the gas chamber (16) enters the gas chamber (15) through the recovery valve (13), the elastic gas chamber wall (14) deforms and recovers, and the threshing gap between the elastic gas chamber wall (14) and the drum screen (12) is reduced to accommodate small feed amounts of grain. As different amounts of grain are fed in, the above process is repeated continuously, eventually enabling the pneumatic flexible grain threshing device to adapt to different amounts of grain and achieve flexible threshing.

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