A Zn / Si composite sol solution and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a Zn / Si composite sol liquid and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of rice disease prevention and control. The Zn / Si composite sol of the invention can not only significantly improve the storage stability of liquid zinc nanoparticles at room temperature, but also effectively cure indica rice or japonica rice infected with bacterial leaf streak disease by spraying the Zn / Si composite sol dilution liquid on leaves, and inhibit its spread, and no longer occur in the current season, and the effect is not inferior to spraying kasugamycin; compared with japonica rice or indica rice sprayed with kasugamycin, spraying the Zn / Si composite sol dilution liquid of the invention during the rice booting to heading period can also promote the japonica rice yield increase by about 22%, and the indica rice yield increase by about 18%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice disease prevention and control, and in particular to a Zn / Si composite sol solution and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Bacterial leaf streak of rice is a quarantine bacterial disease caused by the genus Trichoderma. It is very easy to spread and break out in high temperature and high humidity environments. Bacterial leaf streak mainly harms rice leaf tissue, forming stripes about 1 mm wide and more than 10 mm long on the leaves, which are somewhat similar in appearance to white leaf blight. When the disease is serious, the leaves curl and large areas of rice fields appear yellow-white, which can easily cause the death of rice plants or the inability to head, resulting in a rice yield reduction of more than 40%. Related studies have found that indica rice is more susceptible to bacterial leaf streak than japonica rice, and short-stalked rice is more susceptible to bacterial leaf streak than tall-stalked rice. In recent years, bacterial leaf streak has occurred frequently in many rice-producing areas in my country, and has become the fourth largest rice disease after rice blast, sheath blight and white leaf blight.

[0003] In the prior art, the most commonly used method for preventing and controlling bacterial leaf streak disease is to spray a large dose of kasugamycin and other fungicides. Long-term, large-scale, and inefficient application of pesticides not only reduces the quality and safety of rice, but also induces drug resistance in a variety of pests and diseases, and aggravates the pollution of farmland ecosystems. To this end, the present invention provides a Zn / Si composite sol solution and a preparation method and application thereof. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a Zn / Si composite sol solution and a preparation method and application thereof, which not only effectively solves the technical problems of poor control effect of existing pesticides while polluting the environment and reducing the quality and safety of rice, but also provides a Zn / Si composite sol nano preparation which can significantly improve the storage stability of liquid zinc nanoparticles at room temperature, effectively cure diseases of indica rice or japonica rice infected with bacterial leaf streak disease, and significantly promote the yield increase of indica rice and japonica rice.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a Zn / Si composite sol solution, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, adding concentrated aqueous ammonia to anhydrous ethanol, sealing, and performing magnetic stirring once to obtain a precursor liquid, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate dropwise to the precursor liquid, and performing magnetic stirring twice to obtain a solution A;

[0007] Dissolve nano zinc oxide in deionized water and perform sonication to obtain solution B;

[0008] S2, slowly add solution A in S1 into solution B, stir magnetically and perform ultrasound to obtain a Zn / Si composite sol solution.

[0009] Preferably, in S1, the concentration of the concentrated ammonia water is 26 mol / L.

[0010] Preferably, in S1, the volume ratio of anhydrous ethanol, concentrated aqueous ammonia and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 400:50:3.

[0011] Preferably, in S1, the rate of dripping the tetraethyl orthosilicate is 2 to 4 μL / s.

[0012] Preferably, in S1, the particle size of the nano zinc oxide is 40-100 nm, and the material-liquid ratio of the nano zinc oxide to deionized water is 0.2-0.4 g:500 mL.

[0013] Preferably, in S1, the specific conditions of the first magnetic stirring are: stirring at 30° C. and 300 rpm for 4 hours; the specific conditions of the second magnetic stirring and the magnetic stirring in S2 are: stirring at 40° C. and 300 rpm for 30 minutes.

[0014] Preferably, in S1, the specific conditions of the ultrasound are: ultrasound at 400W, 50KHZ, 50°C for 30min; in S2, the specific conditions of the ultrasound are: ultrasound at 400W, 50KHZ, 50°C for 50min.

[0015] The second object of the present invention is to provide a Zn / Si composite sol solution prepared by the above preparation method.

[0016] The third object of the present invention is to provide an application method of the above-mentioned Zn / Si composite sol solution in preventing and controlling rice bacterial leaf streak disease, characterized in that the Zn / Si composite sol solution is diluted with tap water and sprayed on the rice field manually or by unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0017] Preferably, the spraying amount of the Zn / Si composite sol solution is 400mL / 666.7m 2 , spray once every 5 days, and spray twice in a row.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The invention provides a Zn / Si composite sol liquid and a preparation method and application thereof. The Zn / Si composite sol of the invention can not only significantly improve the storage stability of liquid zinc nanoparticles at room temperature, but also spray the Zn / Si composite sol dilution on leaves to effectively cure the indica rice or japonica rice disease that has been infected with bacterial leaf streak disease, inhibit its spread, and prevent it from recurring in the current season, and the effect is not inferior to spraying kasugamycin. Compared with the japonica rice or indica rice sprayed with kasugamycin, spraying the Zn / Si composite sol dilution prepared by the invention twice from the rice booting to heading stage, with one spray every 5 days, can also promote the japonica rice yield to increase by about 22%, and the indica rice yield to increase by about 18%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a transmission electron microscope test result diagram of the Zn / Si composite sol of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A diagram of a rice field infected with bacterial leaf streak disease according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention is a rice field after spraying the Zn / Si composite sol. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention and implement it, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. The following test methods and detection methods, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods; the reagents and raw materials, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A method for preparing a Zn / Si composite sol solution, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1, add 50 mL of concentrated ammonia water with a concentration of 26 mol / L to 400 mL of anhydrous ethanol, seal, and magnetically stir at 30°C and 300 rpm for 4 h to obtain a precursor solution, add 3 mL of ethyl orthosilicate dropwise at a rate of 2 μL / s to the precursor solution, and magnetically stir at 40°C and 300 rpm for 30 min to obtain solution A;

[0027] 0.2 g of nano zinc oxide was dissolved in 500 mL of deionized water, and ultrasonicated at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 ° C for 30 min to obtain solution B;

[0028] S2, slowly add solution A in S1 into solution B, stir magnetically, ultrasonicate for 50 min at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 ° C, and dilute to 2000 mL with deionized water to obtain Zn / Si composite sol solution, the transmission electron microscope image of which is shown in the figure Figure 1 shown.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] A method for preparing a Zn / Si composite sol solution, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1, add 50 mL of concentrated ammonia water with a concentration of 26 mol / L to 400 mL of anhydrous ethanol, seal, and magnetically stir at 30°C and 300 rpm for 4 h to obtain a precursor liquid; add 3 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate dropwise at a speed of 4 μL / s to the precursor liquid, and then magnetically stir at 40°C and 300 rpm for 30 min to obtain solution A;

[0032] 0.4 g of nano zinc oxide was dissolved in 500 mL of deionized water, and ultrasonicated at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 ° C for 30 min to obtain solution B;

[0033] S2, slowly add solution A in S1 into solution B, stir magnetically, ultrasonicate for 50 min at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 °C, and make the volume to 2000 mL with deionized water to obtain a Zn / Si composite sol solution.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] A method for preparing a Zn / Si composite sol solution, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1, add 50 mL of concentrated ammonia water with a concentration of 26 mol / L to 400 mL of anhydrous ethanol, seal, and magnetically stir at 30°C and 300 rpm for 4 h to obtain a precursor solution, add 3 mL of ethyl orthosilicate dropwise at a rate of 3 μL / s to the precursor solution, and magnetically stir at 40°C and 300 rpm for 30 min to obtain solution A;

[0037] 0.3 g of nano zinc oxide was dissolved in 500 mL of deionized water and ultrasonicated at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 ° C for 30 min to obtain solution B;

[0038] S2, slowly add solution A in S1 into solution B, stir magnetically, ultrasonicate for 50 min at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 °C, and make the volume to 2000 mL with deionized water to obtain a Zn / Si composite sol solution.

[0039] The Zn / Si composite sol liquid prepared in Examples 1 to 3 was applied to the prevention and treatment of bacterial leaf streak disease of indica rice. Specifically, if drone spraying was adopted, 400 mL of the Zn / Si composite sol liquid was diluted to 2 L with water and sprayed on 1 mu of rice field, spraying once every 5 days, and spraying continuously for 2 times; if manual spraying was adopted, 400 mL of the Zn / Si composite sol liquid was diluted to 20 L with water, spraying once every 5 days, and spraying continuously for 2 times.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] A method for preparing a Zn / Si composite sol solution, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1, add 50 mL of concentrated ammonia water with a concentration of 26 mol / L to 400 mL of anhydrous ethanol, seal, and magnetically stir at 30°C and 300 rpm for 4 h to obtain a precursor liquid; add 3 mL of ethyl orthosilicate dropwise at a rate of 2 μL / s to the precursor liquid, and magnetically stir at 40°C and 300 rpm for 30 min to obtain solution A;

[0043] 0.4 g of nano zinc oxide was dissolved in 500 mL of deionized water, and ultrasonicated at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 ° C for 30 min to obtain solution B;

[0044] S2, slowly add solution A in S1 into solution B, stir magnetically, ultrasonicate for 50 min at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 °C, and make the volume to 2000 mL with deionized water to obtain a Zn / Si composite sol solution.

[0045] Example 5

[0046] A method for preparing a Zn / Si composite sol solution, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1, add 50 mL of concentrated ammonia water with a concentration of 26 mol / L to 400 mL of anhydrous ethanol, seal, and magnetically stir at 30°C and 300 rpm for 4 h to obtain a precursor liquid; add 3 mL of ethyl orthosilicate dropwise at a speed of 4 μL / s to the precursor liquid, and magnetically stir at 40°C and 300 rpm for 30 min to obtain solution A;

[0048] 0.3 g of nano zinc oxide was dissolved in 500 mL of deionized water and ultrasonicated at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 ° C for 30 min to obtain solution B;

[0049] S2, slowly add solution A in S1 into solution B, stir magnetically, ultrasonicate for 50 min at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 °C, and make the volume to 2000 mL with deionized water to obtain a Zn / Si composite sol solution.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] A method for preparing a Zn / Si composite sol solution, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1, add 50 mL of concentrated ammonia water with a concentration of 26 mol / L to 400 mL of anhydrous ethanol, seal, and magnetically stir at 30°C and 300 rpm for 4 h to obtain a precursor liquid; add 3 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate dropwise at a rate of 3 μL / s to the precursor liquid, and magnetically stir at 40°C and 300 rpm for 30 min to obtain solution A;

[0053] 0.2 g of nano zinc oxide was dissolved in 500 mL of deionized water, and ultrasonicated for 30 min at 400 W, 50 KHZ, and 50 ° C to obtain solution B;

[0054] S2, slowly add solution A in S1 into solution B, stir magnetically, ultrasonicate for 50 min at 400 W, 50 KHZ and 50 °C, and make the volume to 2000 mL with deionized water to obtain a Zn / Si composite sol solution.

[0055] The Zn / Si composite sol prepared in Examples 4 to 6 was applied to the prevention and control of japonica rice bacterial leaf streak disease. Specifically, if drone spraying was used, 400 mL of the Zn / Si composite sol was diluted to 2 L with water and sprayed on 1 mu of rice field, once every 5 days, and sprayed continuously for 2 times; if manual spraying was used, 400 mL of the Zn / Si composite sol was diluted to 20 L with water, sprayed once every 5 days, and sprayed continuously for 2 times.

[0056] In order to further illustrate the technical effect of the present invention, the present invention also sets a comparative example, as follows:

[0057] Comparative Example 1: a kasugamycin solution having a mass percent concentration of 0.10%.

[0058] The present invention selected four test areas, namely:

[0059] Test area A: 40 mu of indica rice, infected with bacterial leaf streak disease, drone sprayed 0.10% kasugamycin solution of comparative example 1, 2 L / mu / time, once every 5 days, for 2 consecutive times.

[0060] Test area B: 50 mu of japonica rice, infected with bacterial leaf streak disease, drone sprayed 0.10% kasugamycin solution of comparative example 1, 2 L / mu / time, once every 5 days, for 2 consecutive times.

[0061] Test area C: 30 mu of indica rice, infected with bacterial leaf streak disease, and sprayed with the diluted Zn / Si composite sol prepared in Examples 1 to 3 by drone.

[0062] Test area D: 25 mu of japonica rice, infected with bacterial leaf streak disease, was sprayed with the diluted Zn / Si composite sol prepared in Examples 4 to 6 by drone.

[0063] During the rice booting to heading stage, Figure 2As shown, a 0.10% kasugamycin solution of comparative example 1 was sprayed to test areas A and B by drones, 2 liters / mu / time, once every 5 days, and continuously sprayed for 2 times; at the same time, the Zn / Si composite sol dilution prepared in Examples 1 to 3 was sprayed to test area C, and the Zn / Si composite sol dilution prepared in Examples 4 to 6 was sprayed to test area D, 2 liters / mu / time, once every 5 days, and continuously sprayed for 2 times. The results showed that the symptoms of bacterial leaf streak disease of rice in test areas A to D were significantly improved, and the symptoms of rice in test areas C and D did not recur in the season, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, its control effect is not inferior to that of test areas A and B. In addition, compared with test areas A or B, the yield of indica rice in test area C increased by about 18%, and the yield of japonica rice in test area D increased by about 22%.

[0064] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. Application of a Zn / Si composite sol solution in preventing and controlling rice bacterial leaf streak disease, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Zn / Si composite sol solution comprises the following steps: S1, add concentrated ammonia water with a concentration of 26 mol / L to anhydrous ethanol, seal, and perform magnetic stirring once to obtain a precursor solution, add tetraethyl orthosilicate dropwise to the precursor solution, and perform magnetic stirring twice to obtain solution A; the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethanol, concentrated ammonia water and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 400:50:3; the rate of adding tetraethyl orthosilicate is 2-4 μL / s; the specific conditions of the magnetic stirring once are: stirring at 30°C and 300 rpm for 4 hours; Dissolve nano zinc oxide in deionized water and perform ultrasonic treatment to obtain solution B; the particle size of the nano zinc oxide is 40-100 nm, and the material-liquid ratio of the nano zinc oxide to deionized water is 0.2-0.4 g:500 mL; the specific conditions of the ultrasonic treatment are: ultrasonic treatment at 400 W, 50 KHZ, and 50° C. for 30 min; S2, slowly add solution A in S1 into solution B, magnetically stir, ultrasonicate, and dilute to volume with deionized water to obtain a Zn / Si composite sol solution; the secondary magnetic stirring and magnetic stirring conditions are specifically as follows: stirring at 40°C and 300 rpm for 30 minutes; the specific conditions of the ultrasonicate are as follows: ultrasonicate at 400W, 50KHZ, and 50°C for 50 minutes.

2. The use of the Zn / Si composite sol solution according to claim 1 in preventing and treating rice bacterial leaf streak disease, characterized in that: The Zn / Si composite sol solution was diluted with water and sprayed on the paddy field manually or by drone. The spraying amount of the Zn / Si composite sol solution was 400 mL / 666.7 m 2 , spray once every 5 days, and spray twice in a row.

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