A method, device, equipment and medium for estimating horizontal slip distance in a strike-slip tectonic zone

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for estimating horizontal slip distance of a tensional and shear tectonic zone, equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of oil geological exploration. The method comprises the following steps: performing seismic interpretation on horizon information and fracture information contained in the same phase axis data of the tensional and shear tectonic zone to be estimated, so as to obtain fault information and target horizon information of a target layer; determining a local small-displacement fracture development zone with a vertical tectonic trend from the tensional and shear tectonic zone to be estimated based on the fault information and the target horizon information; screening a target horizontal slice group from the local small-displacement fracture development zone according to similarity information, amplitude strength information and frequency information of a wave group; analyzing the target horizontal slice group superimposed with a fracture track corresponding to the target layer, and determining a plurality of fracture positions for estimating the horizontal slip distance; measuring and calculating a data pair of the horizontal slip distance and the vertical displacement of all the fracture positions, fitting and analyzing the data pair after the measurement and calculation, and estimating the horizontal slip distance of the tensional and shear tectonic zone to be estimated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petroleum geological exploration technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for estimating horizontal slip distance in tension-torsion structural zones. Background Technology

[0002] The detailed interpretation of faults in tension-torsional tectonic zones using seismic data plays a crucial role in oil and gas exploration and production. However, horizontal slip distance calculation remains a challenging research topic and a hot topic in seismic data interpretation. Furthermore, methods for calculating horizontal slip distance are constantly being updated.

[0003] In recent years, methods for calculating the horizontal slip distance of strike-slip faults have mainly included comparative analysis of markers on both sides of the fault, tectonic physical simulation, and estimation of the difference in extension on both sides of the fault. Furthermore, the phenomenon of dipped strata being displaced by strike-slip faults is relatively common within basins. Therefore, for most strike-slip faults, the in-phase faulting method (for dipped strata) can be considered. Overall, calculating the horizontal slip distance of strike-slip faults by comparing strata or sedimentary bodies on both sides of the fault plane is a relatively practical and commonly used method.

[0004] However, in practical applications, it has been found that the relatively large vertical fault displacement in tension-torsional tectonic zones makes it difficult to calculate the horizontal slip distance, thus affecting the understanding of the horizontal slip strength. This has resulted in a lack of publicly available horizontal slip data and related analyses, hindering a deeper understanding of tension-torsional tectonic structures.

[0005] In summary, how to estimate the horizontal slip distance of faults with large vertical displacement in tension-torsional tectonic zones, thus overcoming the previous shortcomings in estimating the horizontal slip distance of faults in tension-torsional tectonic zones, is a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, device, and medium for estimating the horizontal slip distance in tension-torsional tectonic zones, which can realize the estimation of the horizontal slip distance of faults with large vertical displacements in tension-torsional tectonic zones, thus overcoming the shortcomings of previous methods that made it impossible or difficult to estimate the horizontal slip distance of faults in tension-torsional tectonic zones. The specific solution is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application discloses a method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsional tectonic zone, including:

[0008] Seismic interpretation is performed on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated, so as to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer.

[0009] Based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information of the target layer, a local small-displacement fault development zone perpendicular to the structural strike is determined from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated.

[0010] Based on the similarity information, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information of the wave group, target horizontal slice groups are selected from the local small-displacement fracture development area.

[0011] The target horizontal slice group, which is superimposed with the fracture trajectory corresponding to the target layer, is analyzed to determine multiple fracture locations for horizontal slip distance estimation.

[0012] The horizontal slip distance and vertical slip distance of all the fracture locations were calculated, and the calculated data pairs were fitted and analyzed to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion structural zone to be estimated.

[0013] Optionally, the step of performing seismic interpretation on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated, in order to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer, includes:

[0014] Closed-loop seismic interpretation is performed on the phase axis data of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated using pre-set seismic interpretation software to obtain different fault information and target layer information of the target layer.

[0015] Optionally, determining the locally small-offset fault development zone perpendicular to the structural strike from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information of the target layer includes:

[0016] Based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information of the target layer, the fault distribution of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated is determined, so as to identify the local small-offset fault development zone perpendicular to the structural trend based on the fault distribution.

[0017] Optionally, after determining multiple fracture locations for estimating the horizontal slip distance, the method further includes:

[0018] Based on the fracture trajectory corresponding to the target layer in the target horizontal slice group and the target layer in the fault information, the fault block in the target layer of the strike-slip fault profile or the target layer in the plane is selected. Then, the horizontal slip is restored in the selected area, and the corresponding situation of the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault is observed.

[0019] Optionally, after performing horizontal slip recovery on the selected area and observing the corresponding seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault, the method further includes:

[0020] Based on the correspondence of the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault, determine whether the correspondence between the two sides of the fault is natural; or, based on the correspondence restored by the fault on the target layer along the plane, set the navigation path of the target layer of the profile on an arbitrary line plane, and determine whether the correspondence between the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault on the target layer of the profile is natural.

[0021] If so, it indicates that the corresponding fracture location has been verified, and the verified fracture location will be used as the target fracture location for data sampling and analysis.

[0022] If not, it indicates that the corresponding fracture location has not passed verification, and the fracture location that has not passed verification is discarded.

[0023] Optionally, the process of calculating the data pairs of horizontal slip distance and vertical displacement for all the fracture locations further includes:

[0024] On the target layer in the profile or the target layer in the plane, all the target fracture locations in the two disks of the fault are marked, and the time difference between the two points is read as the time vertical fault displacement.

[0025] Optionally, the step of performing fitting analysis on the measured data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated includes:

[0026] Set the confidence reference parameter value, and obtain the target parameter value after fitting analysis of the current data after measurement;

[0027] Compare the magnitude relationship between the target parameter value and the confidence reference parameter value, and based on the magnitude relationship, select whether to perform the step of estimating the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion tectonic zone based on the current data.

[0028] Secondly, this application discloses a device for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone, comprising:

[0029] The information interpretation module is used to perform seismic interpretation on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated, so as to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer.

[0030] The region determination module is used to determine the local small-offset fault development zone perpendicular to the structural trend from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information of the target layer.

[0031] The slice group screening module is used to screen target horizontal slice groups from the local small-displacement fracture development area based on the similarity information of wave groups, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information.

[0032] The trajectory overlay module is used to analyze the target horizontal slice group that has been overlaid with fracture trajectories corresponding to the target layer to determine multiple fracture locations for horizontal slip distance estimation.

[0033] The estimation module is used to calculate the data pairs of horizontal slip distance and vertical slip distance at all the fracture locations, and to perform fitting analysis on the calculated data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion structural zone to be estimated.

[0034] Thirdly, this application discloses an electronic device, including:

[0035] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0036] A processor is configured to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the aforementioned disclosed method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone.

[0037] Fourthly, this application discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the aforementioned disclosed method for estimating the horizontal slip distance of a tension-torsion structural zone.

[0038] As can be seen, this application discloses a method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsional tectonic zone, comprising: performing seismic interpretation on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated, so as to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer; determining the local small-displacement fault development zone perpendicular to the structural strike from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information of the target layer; screening target horizontal slice groups from the local small-displacement fault development zones according to the wave group similarity information, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information; performing superposition and analysis on the target horizontal slice groups that are superimposed with the fault trajectories corresponding to the target layer to determine multiple fault locations for estimating the horizontal slip distance; calculating the horizontal slip distance and vertical displacement data pairs for all the fault locations respectively, and performing fitting analysis on the calculated data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated. Therefore, based on a detailed interpretation of faults and stratigraphy in the original seismic data, and through methods such as location optimization, slice analysis, and data analysis, the horizontal slip distance in tension-torsional tectonic zones can be estimated. This demonstrates a deep understanding of the geological characteristics of tension-torsional tectonic structures and the fault slip process. This provides a solution to the limitation of estimating horizontal slip distance in tension-torsional tectonic zones where estimation is difficult or impossible, and offers strong technical support for estimating the horizontal slip distance of faults with large vertical displacements. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone disclosed in this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a detailed seismic interpretation diagram of the stratigraphy and faults disclosed in this application.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the position display effect of a horizontal sliding distance measurement structure disclosed in this application;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a slice analysis effect diagram of horizontal amplitude (excluding faults) disclosed in this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a rendering of a horizontal amplitude (including fault) slice analysis disclosed in this application;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a rendering of the horizontal slip distance slice (including fault) reconstruction analysis disclosed in this application;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a planar section fault recovery verification analysis disclosed in this application;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of the horizontal sliding distance and vertical discontinuity of a sampling point as disclosed in this application;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal slip distance estimation method disclosed in this application;

[0049] Figure 10 This application discloses a diagram showing the distribution relationship between vertical displacement and horizontal slip distance.

[0050] Figure 11 This application discloses a geometric relationship between a vertical displacement and a calculated horizontal slip distance.

[0051] Figure 12 This application discloses a specific method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone.

[0052] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a device for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion structural zone disclosed in this application.

[0053] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] The detailed interpretation of faults in tension-torsional tectonic zones using seismic data plays a crucial role in oil and gas exploration and production. However, horizontal slip distance calculation remains a challenging research topic and a hot topic in seismic data interpretation. Furthermore, methods for calculating horizontal slip distance are constantly being updated.

[0056] In recent years, methods for calculating the horizontal slip distance of strike-slip faults have mainly included comparative analysis of markers on both sides of the fault, tectonic physical simulation, and estimation of the difference in extension on both sides of the fault. Furthermore, the phenomenon of dipped strata being displaced by strike-slip faults is relatively common within basins. Therefore, for most strike-slip faults, the in-phase faulting method (for dipped strata) can be considered. Overall, calculating the horizontal slip distance of strike-slip faults by comparing strata or sedimentary bodies on both sides of the fault plane is a relatively practical and commonly used method.

[0057] However, in practical applications, it has been found that the relatively large vertical fault displacement in tension-torsional tectonic zones makes it difficult to calculate the horizontal slip distance, thus affecting the understanding of the horizontal slip strength. This has resulted in a lack of publicly available horizontal slip data and related analyses, hindering a deeper understanding of tension-torsional tectonic structures.

[0058] Therefore, this invention provides a method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in tension-torsional structural zones, which can estimate the horizontal slip distance of faults with large vertical displacements in tension-torsional structural zones, thus overcoming the shortcomings of previous methods that made it impossible or difficult to estimate the horizontal slip distance of faults in tension-torsional structural zones.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention discloses a method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone, comprising:

[0060] Step S11: Perform seismic interpretation on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated, so as to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer.

[0061] In this embodiment, pre-set seismic interpretation software is used to perform closed-loop seismic interpretation on the seismic data of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated, in order to obtain different fault information and target horizon information of the target layer. It can be understood that seismic interpretation software, such as Landmark, is used to perform detailed interpretation of the horizons and faults in the seismic data of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated. Figure 2 As shown, a block in the eastern sea area exhibits various flower-like structures, well-developed extensional-torsional faults, relatively steep stratigraphic dips, and large vertical fault displacements. This significantly increases the difficulty of estimating horizontal slip distances. Seismic interpretation software such as Landmark was used to perform detailed and closed-loop interpretations of the stratigraphic horizons and faults. The detailed interpretation includes: ensuring the existence of a dynamic source for horizontal slip within the regional tectonic setting; ensuring the presence of numerous typical extensional-torsional fault combinations in the study area; ensuring sufficiently detailed fault interpretation, including even small faults with distinct characteristics; ensuring sufficiently detailed interpretation of the target stratigraphic horizons, with an interpretation density of at least 8×8; ensuring that the faults are formed by single-phase activity rather than the superposition of multiple phases; and ensuring that the fault cross-sectional characteristics are relatively simple, facilitating subsequent analysis and measurement.

[0062] Step S12: Based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information of the target layer, determine the local small-displacement fault development zone perpendicular to the structural trend from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated.

[0063] In this embodiment, the fault distribution of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated is determined based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information, thereby identifying locally developed small-thrust fault zones perpendicular to the structural strike. It can be understood that determining the fault distribution of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated based on fault information and target stratigraphic information specifically involves using the stratigraphic plane distribution map to determine the structural strike and the development of small-thrust fault zones. In this way, the identification of locally developed small-thrust fault zones through this determination method achieves the screening and identification of small-thrust strike-slip fault zones. Figure 3 As shown, by interpreting the stratigraphic position, the distribution of faults can be determined, and the local small-displacement fault development zone that cuts the structural trend can be selected.

[0064] Step S13: Select target horizontal slice groups from the local small-displacement fracture development area based on the wave group similarity information, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information.

[0065] In this embodiment, target horizontal slice groups are selected from the aforementioned local small-displacement fault development areas based on seismic wave group similarity information, amplitude intensity information, frequency information, and other seismic wave group characteristics. These target horizontal slice groups are horizontal slices where the wave groups on both sides are relatively easy to compare. The specific selection process for these two horizontal slices is as follows: horizontal seismic slices (excluding faults) passing through the target layer (longitudinal profile) of the seismic work area are used to analyze the seismic wave group characteristics on both sides of the possible fault, preferentially selecting horizontal slices where the wave groups on both sides are relatively easy to compare. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the horizontal slices that are relatively easy to compare on both sides are preferred.

[0066] Step S14: Analyze the target horizontal slice group that overlaps with the fracture trajectory corresponding to the target layer to determine multiple fracture locations for horizontal slip distance estimation.

[0067] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the horizontal slices from both sides are overlaid with the corresponding fracture trajectories in the target layer for superposition and analysis to determine the fracture location and calculation location for horizontal slip distance estimation. It should be noted that the fracture trajectory is obtained through seismic software interpretation. By observing the overall correspondence of seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault, it is ensured that the width, intensity, etc., of the wave groups on both sides correspond well; those with poor correspondence should not be used in subsequent steps. If no good slice is available for fault slip distance recovery, other slices are gradually adjusted within the target layer segment until a slice with good results for comparative analysis of the wave groups on both sides of the fault is found. Figure 6 As shown. Then, after determining the slice, a fault reconstruction verification analysis of the horizontal profile is performed to observe the corresponding seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault, such as... Figure 7 As shown. Figure 8 As shown, sampling locations that are easy to compare are randomly selected. The corresponding characteristics of the two blocks of the fault after fault restoration are analyzed by means of the planar profile. The horizontal slip distance of the measured sample points is statistically analyzed. (1) Distribution range: 128-266m; (2) Maximum: 266m; (3) Minimum: 128m.

[0068] Step S15: Calculate the data pairs of horizontal slip distance and vertical slip distance for all the fracture locations, and perform fitting analysis on the calculated data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion structural zone to be estimated.

[0069] In this embodiment, fault restoration is performed on selected fault locations, and then the horizontal slip distance and vertical fault displacement are calculated for all fault locations after fault restoration. The steps for calculating the horizontal slip distance and vertical fault displacement at sampling points are as follows: Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the locations where the verification was successful were used as a series of relatively dispersed measurement points for horizontal slip distance. Horizontal slip distance and vertical fault displacement data pairs were measured separately, and the data pairs were fitted and analyzed to estimate the horizontal slip distance at other tension-torsional fracture locations in the study area (especially those with relatively large vertical fault displacements). It can be seen from the figure that: (1) the vertical fault displacement and horizontal slip distance generally have a good correspondence; (2) there are differences in the patterns of local sampling data. 2 The value is 0.8657, which is relatively large. Therefore, it can be used to roughly estimate the horizontal slip distance of other tension-torsional fractures by calculating the vertical slip distance. Specifically, based on the calculated vertical slip distance VS and the horizontal slip distance SS calculated in S3, combined with the following geometric relationship... Reference Figure 11 It can be deduced that: In a tensional-torsional tectonic context, the vertical displacement (R) primarily shifts leftward or rightward, while the value of D is mostly greater than 80° and has a limited range of variation. cos D and tan(180°-R) are mainly constants with small variations. Therefore, the vertical displacement and horizontal slip distance exhibit approximately linear characteristics, and the variation of the scattered points is mainly influenced by the changes in R and D at different measurement points. Thus, by using a fitting formula and calculating the vertical displacement (VS), the horizontal slip distance (SS) in the tensional-torsional tectonic zone can be easily and conveniently estimated.

[0070] In the process of calculating the horizontal slip distance, a reliability reference parameter value is set, and a target parameter value is obtained by fitting the current data after measurement. The magnitude relationship between the target parameter value and the reliability reference parameter value is compared, and based on the magnitude relationship, it is selected whether to perform the step of estimating the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion structural zone based on the current data. Specifically, the fitted mathematical relationship expression needs to be appropriately analyzed and evaluated, such as the parameter R. 2 This value is used as a reference for expressing confidence; if the value is too low, it is not recommended to use it directly and simply to estimate the horizontal slip distance of other fractures; it may be necessary to reclassify the fractures according to their strike, attitude, etc., and then re-estimate them according to the relevant process mentioned in this invention.

[0071] In this embodiment, the calculation of the horizontal slip distance and vertical discontinuity of the sampling point further includes: the following geometric relationship is shown in the horizontal slip distance SS calculated from the vertical discontinuity VS and S3 in the three-dimensional diagram. We will perform a reverse formula derivation to further explore the data pair relationship between VS and SS, so as to further evaluate the usability of the mid-level slip distance estimation formula.

[0072] As can be seen, this application discloses a method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsional tectonic zone, comprising: performing seismic interpretation on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated, to obtain different fault information and the target stratigraphic information; determining, based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information, local small-displacement fault development zones perpendicular to the structural strike from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated; selecting target horizontal slice groups from the local small-displacement fault development zones based on wave group similarity information, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information; analyzing the target horizontal slice groups that are superimposed with fault trajectories corresponding to the target layer to determine multiple fault locations for estimating the horizontal slip distance; calculating the horizontal slip distance and vertical displacement data pairs for all the fault locations respectively, and performing fitting analysis on the calculated data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated. Therefore, based on a detailed interpretation of faults and stratigraphy in the original seismic data, and through methods such as location optimization, slice analysis, and data analysis, the horizontal slip distance in tension-torsional tectonic zones can be estimated. This demonstrates a deep understanding of the geological characteristics of tension-torsional tectonic structures and the fault slip process. This provides a solution to the limitation of estimating horizontal slip distance in tension-torsional tectonic zones where estimation is difficult or impossible, and offers strong technical support for estimating the horizontal slip distance of faults with large vertical displacements.

[0073] Reference Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment of the invention discloses a specific method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone. Compared to the previous embodiment, this embodiment further explains and optimizes the technical solution. Specifically:

[0074] Step S21: Perform seismic interpretation on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated, so as to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer.

[0075] Step S22: Based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information of the target layer, determine the local small-displacement fault development zone perpendicular to the structural trend from the tension-torsion structural zone to be estimated.

[0076] Step S23: Select target horizontal slice groups from the local small-displacement fracture development area based on the wave group similarity information, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information.

[0077] Step S24: Analyze the target horizontal slice group that overlaps with the fracture trajectory corresponding to the target layer to determine multiple fracture locations for horizontal slip distance estimation.

[0078] For more detailed processing procedures in steps S21, S22, S23, and S24, please refer to the aforementioned disclosed embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0079] Step S25: Based on the fracture trajectory corresponding to the target layer in the target horizontal slice group and the target layer in the fault information, select the fault block in the cross section or the plane target layer of the strike-slip fault, then perform horizontal slip recovery on the selected area, and observe the corresponding situation of the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault.

[0080] In this embodiment, based on the horizontal slice of the obtained superimposed fault trajectory and the determined fault trajectory, the fault block is selected and horizontal slip recovery is performed to observe the correspondence of seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault. Horizontal slip recovery involves integrating the target layer in the plane and the target layer in the profile to observe the correspondence of the integrated seismic wave groups in both directions.

[0081] Step S26: Determine whether the correspondence between the two blocks of the fault is natural based on the correspondence of the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault; or, based on the correspondence restored by the fault along the target layer of the plane, set the navigation path of the arbitrary line plane of the target layer of the profile, and determine whether the correspondence between the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault on the target layer of the profile is natural; if yes, it indicates that the corresponding fault position has passed the verification, and the verified fault position is used as the target fault position for data sampling and analysis; if no, it indicates that the corresponding fault position has not passed the verification, and the unverified fault position is discarded.

[0082] In this embodiment, after the contrast wave groups on both sides of the fault are restored along the fault plane, the correspondence between the two blocks of the fault trajectory should be relatively natural; an unnatural correspondence indicates a potential problem. Following the restored correspondence along the fault plane, the navigation path is reset to display on an arbitrary line of the profile. The correspondence between the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault on the profile should be relatively natural; an unnatural correspondence indicates a potential problem. If at least one of the above appears unnatural, it indicates that the fault may be affected by other factors, and this restoration may lead to inaccurate subsequent calculations. If the corresponding wave groups on both sides of the fault profile are relatively natural, then this calculation point is used as the target fault location for subsequent data sampling and analysis. Therefore, randomly selecting easily comparable sampling locations and analyzing the correspondence characteristics of the two fault profiles after fault restoration using a planar cross-section is crucial.

[0083] Step S27: Calculate the data pairs of horizontal slip distance and vertical fault distance for all the target fracture locations, and perform fitting analysis on the calculated data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion structural zone to be estimated.

[0084] In this embodiment, the successfully verified locations are used as a series of relatively dispersed horizontal slip distance measurement points. Horizontal slip distance and vertical displacement data pairs are measured separately, and the data pairs are fitted and analyzed to estimate the horizontal slip distance at other tensional-torsional fracture locations (especially those with relatively large vertical displacements) in the study area. The process of calculating the horizontal slip distance and vertical displacement data pairs for all the fracture locations also includes: marking all the target fracture locations on both sides of the fault on the target layer in the profile or plane, and reading the time difference between the two points as the time-dependent vertical displacement. It is understood that Landmark software can be used to mark the fault on both sides in the plane or profile, and here the time difference between the two points is used as the time-dependent vertical displacement; the time-dependent vertical displacement is converted into (time-dependent) vertical displacement using the time-depth relationship of the drilled well.

[0085] As can be seen, a method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in tension-torsional tectonic zones is achieved through location optimization, slice analysis, and data analysis. This invention, building upon existing methods, leverages a deeper understanding of the geological characteristics and fault slip processes of tension-torsional tectonic zones to address the shortcomings of estimating horizontal slip distance in these zones, which is often difficult or impossible.

[0086] Reference Figure 13 As shown, the present invention also discloses a device for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion structural zone, comprising:

[0087] The information interpretation module 11 is used to perform seismic interpretation on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsion structural zone to be estimated, so as to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer.

[0088] The region determination module 12 is used to determine, based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information, a local small-offset fault development zone perpendicular to the structural trend from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated.

[0089] The slice group screening module 13 is used to screen target horizontal slice groups from the local small-displacement fracture development area based on the similarity information of wave groups, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information.

[0090] The trajectory overlay module 14 is used to analyze the target horizontal slice group that has been overlaid with the fracture trajectory corresponding to the target layer to determine multiple fracture locations for horizontal slip distance estimation.

[0091] The estimation module 15 is used to calculate the data pairs of horizontal slip distance and vertical slip distance for all the fracture locations, and to perform fitting analysis on the calculated data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion structural zone to be estimated.

[0092] As can be seen, this application discloses the seismic interpretation of stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated, in order to obtain different fault information and the target stratigraphic information; based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information, determining the local small-offset fault development zone perpendicular to the structural strike from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated; selecting target horizontal slice groups from the local small-offset fault development zones based on wave group similarity information, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information; analyzing the target horizontal slice groups that are superimposed with the fault trajectories corresponding to the target layers to determine multiple fault locations for horizontal slip distance estimation; calculating the horizontal slip distance and vertical fault distance data pairs for all the fault locations respectively, and performing fitting analysis on the calculated data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated. Therefore, based on a detailed interpretation of faults and stratigraphy in the original seismic data, and through methods such as location optimization, slice analysis, and data analysis, the horizontal slip distance in tension-torsional tectonic zones can be estimated. This demonstrates a deep understanding of the geological characteristics of tension-torsional tectonic structures and the fault slip process. This provides a solution to the limitation of estimating horizontal slip distance in tension-torsional tectonic zones where estimation is difficult or impossible, and offers strong technical support for estimating the horizontal slip distance of faults with large vertical displacements.

[0093] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also disclose an electronic device, Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device 20 according to an exemplary embodiment. The content of the diagram should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0094] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, the electronic device 20 may include: at least one processor 21, at least one memory 22, a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input / output interface 25, and a communication bus 26. The memory 22 stores a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor 21 to implement the relevant steps in the horizontal slip distance estimation method for tension-torsion structural zones disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. Alternatively, the electronic device 20 in this embodiment may specifically be a computer.

[0095] In this embodiment, the power supply 23 is used to provide operating voltage for each hardware device on the electronic device 20; the communication interface 24 can create a data transmission channel between the electronic device 20 and external devices, and the communication protocol it follows can be any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of this application, and is not specifically limited here; the input / output interface 25 is used to acquire external input data or output data to the outside world, and its specific interface type can be selected according to specific application needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0096] The processor 21 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. The processor 21 may be implemented using at least one hardware form selected from DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 21 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to handle computational operations related to machine learning.

[0097] In addition, the memory 22, as a carrier for resource storage, can be a read-only memory, random access memory, disk or optical disk, etc. The resources stored thereon can include operating system 221, computer program 222, etc., and the storage method can be temporary storage or permanent storage.

[0098] The operating system 221 manages and controls the various hardware devices and computer programs 222 on the electronic device 20 to enable the processor 21 to perform calculations and processing on the massive amounts of data 223 in the memory 22. It can be Windows Server, Netware, Unix, Linux, etc. The computer program 222, in addition to including a computer program capable of performing the horizontal slip distance estimation method for the tension-torsion structural zone disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments, may further include computer programs capable of performing other specific tasks. The data 223 may include data received by the electronic device from external devices, as well as data collected by its own input / output interface 25.

[0099] Furthermore, this application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the aforementioned method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion structural zone. Specific steps of this method can be found in the corresponding content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0100] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application. The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly in hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory), or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0103] The present invention provides a detailed description of a method, apparatus, device, and medium for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion structural zone. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will recognize that there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone, characterized in that, include: Seismic interpretation is performed on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated, so as to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer. Based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information, a local small-offset fault development zone perpendicular to the structural strike is determined from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated. Based on the similarity information, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information of the wave group, target horizontal slice groups are selected from the local small-displacement fracture development area. The target horizontal slice group, which is superimposed with the fracture trajectory corresponding to the target layer, is analyzed to determine multiple fracture locations for horizontal slip distance estimation. The horizontal slip distance and vertical slip distance of all the fracture locations were calculated, and the calculated data pairs were fitted and analyzed to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion structural zone to be estimated.

2. The method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of seismic interpretation of the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated, in order to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer, includes: Closed-loop seismic interpretation is performed on the phase axis data of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated using pre-set seismic interpretation software to obtain different fault information and target layer information of the target layer.

3. The method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining, based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information, a locally small-offset fault development zone perpendicular to the structural strike from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated includes: Based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information, the fault distribution of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated is determined, so as to identify the local small-offset fault development zone perpendicular to the tectonic strike based on the fault distribution.

4. The method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining multiple fracture locations for estimating horizontal slip distance, the method further includes: Based on the fracture trajectory corresponding to the target layer in the target horizontal slice group and the target layer in the fault information, the fault block in the target layer of the strike-slip fault profile or the target layer in the plane is selected. Then, the horizontal slip is restored in the selected area, and the corresponding situation of the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault is observed.

5. The method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone according to claim 4, characterized in that, After performing horizontal slip recovery on the selected area and observing the corresponding seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault, the process also includes: Based on the correspondence of the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault, determine whether the correspondence between the two sides of the fault is natural; or, based on the correspondence restored by the fault on the target layer along the plane, set the navigation path of the target layer of the profile on an arbitrary line plane, and determine whether the correspondence between the seismic wave groups on both sides of the fault on the target layer of the profile is natural. If so, it indicates that the corresponding fracture location has been verified, and the verified fracture location will be used as the target fracture location for data sampling and analysis. If not, it indicates that the corresponding fracture location has not passed verification, and the fracture location that has not passed verification is discarded.

6. The method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of calculating the data pairs of horizontal slip distance and vertical fracture distance for all the fracture locations also includes: On the target layer in the profile or the target layer in the plane, all the target fracture locations in the two disks of the fault are marked, and the time difference between the two points is read as the time vertical fault displacement.

7. The method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The process of fitting and analyzing the measured data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion tectonic zone to be estimated includes: Set the confidence reference parameter value, and obtain the target parameter value after fitting analysis of the current data after measurement; Compare the magnitude relationship between the target parameter value and the confidence reference parameter value, and based on the magnitude relationship, select whether to perform the step of estimating the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion tectonic zone based on the current data.

8. A device for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion structural zone, characterized in that, include: The information interpretation module is used to perform seismic interpretation on the stratigraphic and fault information contained in the in-phase axis data of the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated, so as to obtain different fault information and target stratigraphic information of the target layer. The region determination module is used to determine the local small-offset fault development zone perpendicular to the structural trend from the tension-torsional tectonic zone to be estimated based on the fault information and the target stratigraphic information of the target layer. The slice group screening module is used to screen target horizontal slice groups from the local small-displacement fracture development area based on the similarity information of wave groups, amplitude intensity information, and frequency information. The trajectory overlay module is used to analyze the target horizontal slice group that has been overlaid with fracture trajectories corresponding to the target layer to determine multiple fracture locations for horizontal slip distance estimation. The estimation module is used to calculate the data pairs of horizontal slip distance and vertical slip distance at all the fracture locations, and to perform fitting analysis on the calculated data pairs to estimate the horizontal slip distance of the tension-torsion structural zone to be estimated.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to implement the steps of the method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for estimating the horizontal slip distance in a tension-torsion tectonic zone as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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