Metal evaporation condenser

Abstract

This invention discloses a metal evaporator and condenser, relating to the field of metal evaporation and condensation technology. It includes a support base, on which a condenser base is mounted. The condenser base has an insulated outer cylinder and an insulated inner cylinder. An evaporation crucible is located inside the insulated inner cylinder. A support plate is located at the upper end of the evaporation crucible. A first guide plate is located at the upper end of the support plate. A first lower guide hole is located between the lower end of the first guide plate and the support plate. A support seat is mounted at the upper end of the insulated outer cylinder. Multiple first upper guide holes are located between the upper sidewall of the first guide plate and the support seat. A second guide plate with second guide holes is located at the upper middle part of the support seat. A third guide plate with third guide holes is located at the upper end of the second guide plate. A fourth guide plate with multiple fourth guide holes is located at the upper end of the third guide plate. A sealing cap is fitted over the upper end of the support seat. The steam condensation path in this invention is relatively long, thereby improving the metal separation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal evaporation and condensation technology, and in particular to a metal evaporator and condenser. Background Technology

[0002] Metal evaporator condensers are currently common equipment for separating metals in vacuum metallurgy. They include internal heating condensers and external heating condensers. They mainly utilize the principle of heat exchange. Since non-volatile substances are easily condensed when cooled, they cannot enter the lower temperature region, thus achieving the separation of alloys.

[0003] Conventional metal evaporator condensers mainly separate alloys based on conditions such as temperature and pressure, without considering the influence of the condensation structure inside the furnace on the separation effect. However, actual results from various vacuum metallurgical industrial tests show that the condensation structure has a significant impact on the alloy separation effect.

[0004] Currently, the principles of metal separation and purification using vacuum condensers are basically the same: they all utilize the differences in the average molecular path of freedom and the differences in saturated vapor pressure of metal vapors to separate metal alloys. Among them, patent CN202111024858.8 discloses a staged volatilization vacuum gasification separation furnace, which uses the differences in the average molecular path of freedom of metal vapors to separate alloys, and obtains multi-stage products through multi-stage condensation, thus achieving the purpose of separating alloys.

[0005] However, the aforementioned patent only has three layers of evaporation plates, resulting in a short vapor path and thus poor metal separation.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a new type of metal evaporator-condenser to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal evaporator condenser to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. It has a multi-layer guide plate structure, which can effectively increase the flow path of steam and ultimately improve the metal separation effect.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0009] This invention discloses a metal evaporator condenser, including a support base, a condenser base mounted on the support base, an outer insulating cylinder and an inner insulating cylinder mounted on the condenser base, a fluid channel formed between the outer insulating cylinder and the inner insulating cylinder, an evaporation crucible disposed inside the inner insulating cylinder, a support plate disposed at the upper end of the evaporation crucible, a first guide plate disposed at the upper center of the support plate, a plurality of first lower guide holes disposed between the lower sidewall of the first guide plate and the support plate, a support seat disposed at the upper end of the outer insulating cylinder, a plurality of first upper guide holes disposed between the upper sidewall of the first guide plate and the support seat, a fluid chamber formed between the support plate and the support seat, the first lower guide holes and the first upper guide holes communicating with the fluid chamber, a central through hole disposed in the middle of the support seat, and a second guide plate disposed at the upper center of the support seat. The second guide plate is provided with a second guide hole, and the upper end of the second guide plate is provided with a third guide plate, which is provided with a third guide hole. The upper end of the third guide plate is equipped with a fourth guide plate, and the side wall of the fourth guide plate is provided with multiple fourth guide holes. The upper end of the support base is covered with a sealing cover, and a sealed chamber is formed between the support base and the sealing cover. Multiple support through holes are evenly distributed around the lower edge of the support base. The support through holes and the fourth guide holes are all connected to the sealed chamber. The support through holes are also connected to the fluid channel. The fluid channel is connected to the volatile condensation tank on the condensation base. The volatile condensation tank is provided with a condensate outlet. The support base is provided with a base outlet. The condensate outlet is connected to the base outlet. The base outlet can be used to connect with the inlet of the discharge chamber.

[0010] Preferably, both the outer insulating cylinder and the inner insulating cylinder are made of graphite carbon felt.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the evaporation crucible is provided with a bottom heating element, and the lower end of the support base is provided with three bottom heating element through holes, and the electrodes connected to the bottom heating element can pass through the bottom heating element through holes.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side of the evaporation crucible is provided with a side heating element, and the lower end of the support base is provided with three side heating element through holes, and the electrodes connected to the side heating element can pass through the side heating element through holes.

[0013] Preferably, the support base, the condensation base, the heat insulation outer cylinder, the outer ring of the support base, and the sealing cover are stacked sequentially from bottom to top;

[0014] The first guide plate, the inner ring of the support base, the second guide plate, the third guide plate, and the fourth guide plate are stacked sequentially from bottom to top.

[0015] Preferably, a crucible support cylinder is also installed at the center of the condensation base, and the evaporation crucible is installed at the upper end of the crucible support cylinder.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0017] In this invention, the steam evaporated from the evaporation crucible flows upwards, first passing through the first lower guide hole in the first guide plate, and then entering the fluid chamber. As the amount of steam in the fluid chamber increases, the steam flows from the fluid chamber towards the first upper guide hole. The steam flowing out of the first upper guide hole passes through the central through hole of the support base, then sequentially through the second and third guide holes, and finally flows out from the fourth guide hole and into the sealed cavity. The fluid in the sealed cavity flows into the fluid channel through the support through hole, and then undergoes a final condensation in the volatile condensation tank on the condensation base. The finally condensed liquid flows into the next device through the condensate outlet and the base outlet.

[0018] This shows that the path that the steam flowing out of the evaporation crucible needs to travel is significantly increased, which can effectively improve the separation effect of metals. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a metal evaporator condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the support base in the metal evaporator condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a metal evaporator condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first guide plate in the metal evaporator condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second guide plate in the metal evaporator condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third guide plate in the metal evaporator condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth guide plate in the metal evaporator condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure: 1-Support base; 101-Side heating element through hole; 102-Bottom heating element through hole; 103-Base liquid outlet; 2-Condensing base; 201-Volatile condensation tank; 3-Insulated outer cylinder; 4-Support base; 5-Sealing cover; 6-Insulated inner cylinder; 7-Evaporation crucible; 8-Crucible support cylinder; 9-Support plate; 10-First guide plate; 1001-First lower guide hole; 1002-First upper guide hole; 11-Second guide plate; 1101-Second guide hole; 12-Third guide plate; 1201-Third guide hole; 13-Fourth guide plate; 1301-Fourth guide hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal evaporator condenser to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. It has a multi-layer guide plate structure, which can effectively increase the flow path of steam and ultimately improve the metal separation effect.

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this embodiment provides a metal evaporator condenser, including a support base 1, which is a disc structure. A condensing base 2, also a disc structure, is mounted on the support base 1, and the diameter of the support base 1 is the same as that of the condensing base 2. An outer insulating cylinder 3 and an inner insulating cylinder 6 are mounted on the condensing base 2. The outer insulating cylinder 3 is located outside the inner insulating cylinder 6, and a fluid channel is formed between the outer insulating cylinder 3 and the inner insulating cylinder 6. An evaporation crucible 7 is located inside the inner insulating cylinder 6. A support plate 9 is located at the upper end of the evaporation crucible 7. A circular hole is located at the center of the support plate 9. It should be noted that the height of the perimeter of the support plate 9 is higher than the height of the center. This is so that after the non-volatile substances condense on the support plate 9, they can flow along the inclined support plate 9 towards its center and finally flow back into the evaporation crucible 7 through the first lower guide hole 1001. A first guide plate 10 is located at the upper center of the support plate 9. Figures 3-4As shown, a plurality of first lower guide holes 1001 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the lower end sidewall of the first guide plate 10 and the support plate 9. A support base 4 is also installed at the upper end of the insulation outer cylinder 3. A plurality of first upper guide holes 1002 are provided circumferentially between the upper end sidewall of the first guide plate 10 and the support base 4. A fluid chamber is formed between the support plate 9 and the support base 4. The first lower guide holes 1001 and the first upper guide holes 1002 are both connected to the fluid chamber. A central through hole is provided in the middle of the support base 4, and the central through hole of the support base 4 is connected to the first upper guide holes 1002. A second guide plate 11 is provided at the upper middle part of the support base 4. The specific structure of the second guide plate 11 is as follows... Figure 5 As shown, the second guide plate 11 is provided with a second guide hole 1101. A third guide plate 12 is provided at the upper end of the second guide plate 11, and the specific structure of the third guide plate 12 is as follows... Figure 6 As shown, the structure of the third guide plate 12 is similar to that of the second guide plate 11. The third guide plate 12 has a third guide hole 1201. To further increase the steam flow path, the second guide hole 1101 and the third guide hole 1201 cannot be directly opposite each other. In this embodiment, the second guide hole 1101 can be positioned directly below the third guide hole 1201 after being rotated 90°. The included angle between the second guide hole 1101 and the third guide hole 1201 can also be 180° or other suitable angles. A fourth guide plate 13 is installed at the upper end of the third guide plate 12. The specific structure of the fourth guide plate 13 is as follows... Figure 7 As shown, the upper end of the fourth guide plate 13 is closed, and the side wall of the fourth guide plate 13 is provided with multiple fourth guide holes 1301. The steam in the fourth guide plate 13 will flow out through the fourth guide holes 1301. The upper end of the support base 4 is covered with a sealing cover 5, and a sealed chamber is formed between the support base 4 and the sealing cover 5. Multiple support through holes are evenly distributed around the lower edge of the support base 4. The support through holes and the fourth guide holes 1301 are all connected to the sealed chamber. The middle height of the support base 4 is higher than the height of the surrounding area, so that the fluid flowing out of the support base 4 can flow along the upper surface of the support base 4 towards the support through holes. The support through hole is also connected to the fluid channel, which is connected to the volatile condensation tank 201 on the condensation base 2. The volatile condensation tank 201 is a groove structure with an inverted triangular cross section. The volatile condensation tank 201 is provided with a condensate outlet. The support base 1 is provided with a base outlet 103. The condensate outlet is connected to the base outlet 103. The base outlet 103 can be used to connect with the inlet of the discharge chamber. The discharge chamber has the same structure as that in patent CN113846231A, and it is also provided with a collection crucible inside.

[0032] In actual use, the vapor evaporated in the evaporation crucible 7 flows upward and first passes through the first lower guide hole 1001 in the first guide plate 10, then enters the fluid chamber. During this process, due to the low dew point of the non-volatile substance, the temperature at the first guide plate 10, second guide plate 11, third guide plate 12, fourth guide plate 13, support plate 9, and support base 4 is lower than the dew point of the non-volatile substance but higher than the dew point of the volatile substance. This causes the non-volatile substance to rapidly condense and liquefy after entering the fluid chamber, and flow back along the inclined upper surface of the support plate 9 towards the center of the support plate 9, then flow back through the first lower guide hole 1001 and into the evaporation crucible 7. As the amount of volatile substance in the fluid chamber increases, the volatile substance flows from the fluid chamber towards the first upper guide hole 1002. The steam flowing out from the first upper guide hole 1002 passes through the central through hole of the support base 4, then sequentially passes through the second guide hole 1101 and the third guide hole 1201, and finally flows out from the fourth guide hole 1301 and enters the sealed cavity. During this process (i.e., passing through the second guide plate 11, the third guide plate 12, and the fourth guide plate 13), some gas, due to the limitation of the molecular mean free path, will be absorbed by these structures after colliding with them and will no longer be able to move upwards, thus condensing and falling back into the evaporation crucible 7. The fluid in the sealed cavity will flow into the fluid channel through the support through hole and undergo a final condensation in the volatile condensation tank 201 on the condensation base 2. Finally, the condensed liquid will flow into the discharge chamber through the condensate outlet and the base outlet 103.

[0033] In this embodiment, both the outer insulating cylinder 3 and the inner insulating cylinder 6 are made of graphite carbon felt. The graphite carbon felt material of the outer insulating cylinder 3 and the inner insulating cylinder 6 ensures the stability of the temperature field during distillation, increases the maximum evaporation temperature to 1700℃, and ensures stable operation of the system under working conditions of 1 to 100 Pa pressure.

[0034] In this embodiment, a heat source is indispensable when the evaporation crucible 7 is working. Therefore, the bottom of the evaporation crucible 7 is provided with a bottom heating element. The bottom heating element adopts the existing graphite heating element. The lower end of the support base 1 is provided with three bottom heating element through holes 102. The electrodes connected to the bottom heating element can pass through the bottom heating element through holes 102 and be connected to the power supply. The power supply supplies power to the bottom heating element.

[0035] In this embodiment, the heat supplied by a single bottom heating element may be insufficient or uneven. Therefore, a side heating element is provided on the outer side of the evaporation crucible 7, with the same structure as in patent CN113846231A. The side heating element is composed of graphite rods, with four graphite rods connected by a connecting plate. The connecting plates are alternately arranged at the top and bottom to connect all graphite rods into a single unit. The side heating element is also connected to the power supply via electrodes. The lower end of the support base 1 has three side heating element through holes 101, through which the electrodes connected to the side heating elements can pass. During use, it is possible to choose whether to simultaneously activate the bottom heating element and the side heating element, or to activate only one of them.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the support base 1, condenser base 2, insulation outer cylinder 3, outer ring of support base 4, and sealing cover 5 are stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The stacking method is illustrated using the stacking relationship between sealing cover 5 and support base 4 as an example. Figure 3 As can be seen, the upper edge of the support base 4 has a groove, while the lower edge of the sealing cover 5 has a 15mm protrusion. The size and shape of the protrusion match the groove. Therefore, the sealing cover 5 can be installed and sealed simply by aligning the protrusion on the sealing cover 5 with the groove on the support base 4.

[0037] Similarly, the first guide plate 10, the inner ring of the support base 4, the second guide plate 11, the third guide plate 12 and the fourth guide plate 13 are stacked from bottom to top. The stacking method is also that the grooves and protrusions cooperate, without the need for bolts or other structural assistance. The overall structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and it is easy to use.

[0038] In this embodiment, a crucible support cylinder 8 is also installed at the center of the condensation base 2, and the evaporation crucible 7 is installed at the upper end of the crucible support cylinder 8. The function of the crucible support cylinder 8 is to fix the evaporation crucible 7. In addition, the bottom of the crucible support cylinder 8 is also provided with three through holes corresponding to the bottom heating element through hole 102, so as to facilitate the insertion of the electrodes connected to the bottom heating element.

[0039] In this embodiment, cooling channels can be provided on the first guide plate 10, the second guide plate 11, the third guide plate 12, the fourth guide plate 13, the support plate 9, the support base 4, and the condensation base 2. One end of the cooling channel is a liquid inlet and the other end is a liquid outlet. The cooling channel can be used to cool the gas and condense it.

[0040] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal evaporator-condenser, characterized in that: The system includes a support base (1), on which a condenser base (2) is mounted. An outer insulation cylinder (3) and an inner insulation cylinder (6) are mounted on the condenser base (2). A fluid channel is formed between the outer insulation cylinder (3) and the inner insulation cylinder (6). An evaporation crucible (7) is located inside the inner insulation cylinder (6). A support plate (9) is located at the upper end of the evaporation crucible (7). A first guide plate (10) is located at the upper center of the support plate (9). Multiple [unclear text - likely referring to a specific arrangement or arrangement] are provided between the lower sidewall of the first guide plate (10) and the support plate (9). A first lower guide hole (1001) is provided, and a support base (4) is also installed at the upper end of the insulation outer cylinder (3). A plurality of first upper guide holes (1002) are provided between the upper side wall of the first guide plate (10) and the support base (4). A fluid chamber is formed between the support plate (9) and the support base (4). The first lower guide hole (1001) and the first upper guide hole (1002) are both connected to the fluid chamber. A central through hole is provided in the middle of the support base (4). A second guide plate (1002) is provided at the upper end of the middle of the support base (4). 1) The second guide plate (11) is provided with a second guide hole (1101), the upper end of the second guide plate (11) is provided with a third guide plate (12), the third guide plate (12) is provided with a third guide hole (1201), the upper end of the third guide plate (12) is installed with a fourth guide plate (13), the side wall of the fourth guide plate (13) is provided with a plurality of fourth guide holes (1301), the upper end of the support base (4) is covered with a sealing cover (5), a sealed chamber is formed between the support base (4) and the sealing cover (5), the... The lower edge of the support base (4) is evenly distributed with multiple support through holes. The support through holes and the fourth guide hole (1301) are connected to the sealed chamber. The support through holes are also connected to the fluid channel. The fluid channel is connected to the volatile condensation tank (201) on the condensation base (2). The volatile condensation tank (201) is provided with a condensate outlet. The support base (1) is provided with a base outlet. The condensate outlet is connected to the base outlet. The base outlet can be used to connect with the inlet of the discharge chamber. Cooling channels can be provided on the first guide plate (10), the second guide plate (11), the third guide plate (12), the fourth guide plate (13), the support plate (9), the support base (4), and the condenser base (2). One end of the cooling channel is a liquid inlet, and the other end is a liquid outlet.

2. The metal evaporator condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the outer insulating cylinder (3) and the inner insulating cylinder (6) are made of graphite carbon felt.

3. The metal evaporator condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the evaporation crucible (7) is also provided with a bottom heating element, and the lower end of the support base (1) is provided with three bottom heating element through holes (102), and the electrodes connected to the bottom heating element can pass through the bottom heating element through holes (102).

4. The metal evaporator condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation crucible (7) is provided with a side heating element on its outer side, and the lower end of the support base (1) is provided with three side heating element through holes (103). The electrodes connected to the side heating element can pass through the side heating element through holes (103).

5. The metal evaporator condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base (1), the condensation base (2), the heat insulation outer cylinder (3), the outer ring of the support seat (4) and the sealing cover (5) are stacked sequentially from bottom to top; The first guide plate (10), the inner ring of the support base (4), the second guide plate (11), the third guide plate (12) and the fourth guide plate (13) are stacked sequentially from bottom to top.

6. The metal evaporator condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of the condensation base (2) is also equipped with a crucible support cylinder (8), and the evaporation crucible (7) is installed at the upper end of the crucible support cylinder (8).

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