A method for preparing in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing an in-situ sized blended yarn based on seaweed fiber. The method sequentially subjects seaweed fiber and other fibers to opening, carding, drawing, and spinning processes to obtain a blended yarn. The blended yarn is then immersed in a sodium salt solution to gel the seaweed fiber in the blended yarn. The gel covers the yarn surface and forms a size film after drying to obtain the in-situ sized blended yarn. The present invention uses seaweed fiber as raw material to spin a blended yarn. The gelling properties of the seaweed fiber are utilized to replace the traditional size agent with gel-like seaweed fiber in the form of a blended yarn to form a size film on the yarn surface. The other fibers are then in-situ sized. This method omits the sizing and desizing processes, reduces the weaving process flow, thereby reducing processing costs and wastewater discharge, fundamentally solving the pollution problem caused by the sizing and desizing processes, and can also produce high-count yarn.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of textile yarns, in particular to a method for preparing in-situ sizing blended yarns based on seaweed fibers. Background Art

[0002] Warp yarns are subject to significant tension and friction during the weaving process, making them prone to breakage. To reduce warp breakage, improve weaving efficiency, and enhance fabric quality, warp yarns are sizing prior to weaving. This allows the fibers in the yarn to adhere and form a firm film on the yarn surface, making the yarn tight and smooth, thereby increasing its breaking strength and abrasion resistance.

[0003] Existing warp yarns require sizing with starch, its derivatives, or PVA sizing. For example, cotton fiber, the most commonly used natural fiber material, is widely used in the textile industry. However, because cotton yarn is typically made of short fibers, it is prone to hairiness. Sizing is required during processing to reduce hairiness and lower the breakage rate. Existing pure cotton yarn is typically sized with pure starch sizing to ensure yarn performance and improve weaving efficiency. However, the film formed by starch sizing is hard and brittle, with poor film-forming properties, elasticity, and softness, resulting in unsatisfactory practical results. To overcome the problems of pure starch sizing, some PVA sizing is added to improve sizing properties, enhancing yarn strength, abrasion resistance, and hairiness conformability. However, because PVA sizing is a pure chemical sizing material and its molecular chain structure is regular, the numerous hydroxyl groups on its side groups easily form hydrogen bonds within and between molecules, resulting in strong cohesion. Therefore, PVA is difficult to dissolve, resulting in high chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations in desizing wastewater, making disposal difficult and posing an environmental risk.

[0004] The sizing and desizing steps in textile processing are time-consuming and environmentally polluting. Traditional sizing and desizing agents are generally chemical substances. The desizing wastewater generated during processing has high COD, is easily fermented, difficult to degrade, and difficult to treat, posing potential risks to the ecological environment. Therefore, this step not only increases processing costs, but also causes certain environmental pollution when the wastewater is discharged, especially when it is discharged into water sources or soil. In addition, the residual size and the complexity of the treatment process reduce the recyclability of the fiber material. These shortcomings have led to an increasing demand and research for more environmentally friendly, healthier, and sustainable sizing and desizing agents to reduce potential harm to the environment and improve the production efficiency of textile products and the recyclability of fiber materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a method for preparing in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) mixing and opening the seaweed fiber with other fibers to obtain opened mixed fibers;

[0008] (2) combing the mixed fibers obtained in step (1) to ensure that the fibers are fully and evenly mixed to obtain mixed fiber slivers;

[0009] (3) combining, stretching, and leveling the mixed fiber slivers obtained in step (2) to obtain mixed fiber slivers;

[0010] (4) spinning the mixed fiber sliver obtained in step (3) into a blended yarn through a spinning process;

[0011] (5) Immersing the blended yarn obtained in step (4) in a sodium salt solution to gel the seaweed fiber in the blended yarn, wherein the gel covers the surface of the yarn and forms a sizing film after drying, thereby obtaining an in-situ sized blended yarn.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The present invention uses seaweed fiber as raw material to spin blended yarn, and utilizes the gelation property of seaweed fiber to replace the role of traditional sizing agent with gel-like seaweed fiber in the form of blended yarn, so as to form a sizing film on the surface of the yarn, and then perform in-situ sizing on other fibers. This can not only reduce the hairiness generated in the yarn during processing and reduce the breakage rate, but also because of the biomass fiber property of seaweed fiber, it can be permanently retained on the surface of the product, thereby omitting the sizing and desizing process, reducing the weaving process flow, thereby reducing processing costs, reducing the discharge of wastewater, and fundamentally solving the pollution problem caused by the sizing and desizing process. At the same time, high-count yarn can be produced.

[0014] (2) Seaweed fiber has gelling properties. The seaweed fiber in the seaweed fiber blended yarn is gelled to form a gel. After drying, the number of fibers per unit cross section of the yarn decreases, and the yarn diameter becomes thinner, which increases its count. The seaweed fiber blended yarn in this state can be used in spinning production, providing an ideal choice for the manufacture of high-count yarns. In the textile process, high-count yarns are usually used to make fine fabrics, such as high-grade fabrics, silk, etc. The seaweed fiber in the blended yarn still retains good hygroscopicity and excellent skin-friendliness, and the resulting high-count yarn is suitable for the production of high-quality textiles.

[0015] (3) Seaweed fiber has excellent intrinsic functions. Since seaweed fiber has natural antibacterial properties, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and excellent flame retardancy, blending seaweed fiber can not only retain the excellent properties of other fibers, but also enable the yarn to obtain excellent flame retardancy, good moisture absorption and breathability, and antibacterial properties, thereby improving the overall quality of the yarn.

[0016] (4) The present invention can be used in the manufacture of various types of textiles, such as clothing, bedding, and decorations. By blending seaweed fiber with other fibers, the sizing and desizing processes can be omitted, thereby reducing production costs and improving production efficiency, and having no negative impact on the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the gel phenomenon of the blended yarn of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the flame retardant performance of the blended yarn of Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. The specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention provides a method for preparing an in-situ sized blended yarn based on seaweed fiber (hereinafter referred to as the method), characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0021] (1) mixing and opening the seaweed fiber with other fibers to obtain opened mixed fibers;

[0022] Preferably, in step (1), the mass of the seaweed fiber accounts for 30% to 50% of the total mass of the fiber.

[0023] Preferably, in step (1), the other fibers are all fibers that can be blended with the seaweed fibers, including other chemical fibers and natural fibers;

[0024] When other chemical fibers are used, the seaweed fiber is mixed with the other chemical fibers, and then repeatedly mixed and opened to make the seaweed fiber and the other chemical fibers fully mixed and uniform, thereby improving the uniformity of the yarn and obtaining a mixed fiber;

[0025] When natural fibers are used, the natural fibers are first repeatedly opened and cleaned of impurities, and then the cleaned natural fibers are mixed with seaweed fibers, and then the mixing and opening are repeated to fully mix the seaweed fibers and the natural fibers, thereby improving the uniformity of the yarn and obtaining a mixed fiber;

[0026] Preferably, in step (1), the other chemical fibers include regenerated cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers; the regenerated cellulose fibers are viscose fibers, bamboo pulp fibers or modal fibers; and the synthetic fibers are polyester fibers, nylon fibers or polypropylene fibers.

[0027] Preferably, in step (1), the natural fiber is cotton fiber, linen fiber, wool fiber or silk fiber.

[0028] (2) combing the mixed fibers obtained in step (1) to ensure that the fibers are fully and evenly mixed to obtain mixed fiber slivers;

[0029] Preferably, in step (2), the drop rate is 3% to 4%.

[0030] Preferably, step (2) is carried out in a carding machine, utilizing the carding and transfer functions of the carding machine; the carding machine includes various working parts with steel needles on the surface.

[0031] (3) combining, stretching and leveling the fibers obtained in step (2) to improve the straightness and parallelism of the fibers, promote uniform mixing of the seaweed fibers and other fibers, enhance the uniformity of the fiber strips, improve the strip structure and reduce the unevenness of the yarn weight, thereby obtaining a mixed fiber sliver;

[0032] Preferably, step (3) is carried out in a drawing frame, and the drafting form is pressure bar drafting; the process principle of enlarging the center distance of the rollers, appropriately applying pressure, and reducing the speed is adopted, the center distance of the front zone of the drawing frame is 40-43 mm, the center distance of the middle zone is 43-46 mm, the center distance of the rear zone is 60-63 mm, and the delivery speed is 10-15 m / min.

[0033] Preferably, in step (3), the basis weight of the mixed fiber cooked strips is 18 g / 5 m to 22 g / 5 m.

[0034] (4) spinning the mixed fiber sliver obtained in step (3) into a blended yarn through a spinning process;

[0035] Preferably, in step (4), the spinning process is rotor spinning, which is carried out in a rotor spinning machine. The specific process is: the mixed fiber sliver first enters the combing and impurity removal mechanism through the feeding mechanism to decompose the sliver into a single fiber state, and at the same time removes fine impurities in the sliver, improves the combing quality, and reduces breakage; then enters the condensation and twisting mechanism, and the single fibers combed by the combing roller are re-condensed into slivers, and are formed into yarns through stripping and twisting, and then are drawn out by the yarn drawing mechanism in conjunction with the winding mechanism to obtain continuous blended yarn.

[0036] Preferably, in step (4), in the combing and debris removal mechanism, the combing roller speed is 7000-8000 r / min; in the cohesion and twisting mechanism, the rotor speed is 50000-60000 r / min; according to the quantitative amount of the mixed fiber sliver, the output speed is 50-60 m / min; and the total drafting multiple is 110-140.

[0037] (5) Immersing the blended yarn obtained in step (4) in a sodium salt solution causes the seaweed fiber in the blended yarn to gel, the fibrous morphology gradually disappears, and a translucent gel appears on the yarn surface. The gel covers the yarn surface to replace the sizing agent, and the gel forms a sizing film after drying, thereby achieving in-situ sizing and obtaining an in-situ sized blended yarn.

[0038] Preferably, in step (5), the concentration of the sodium salt solution is 10 to 20 wt%.

[0039] Preferably, in step (5), the immersion temperature is room temperature and the immersion time is 10 to 30 minutes.

[0040] Preferably, in step (5), the solute of the sodium salt solution is a salt formed by the combination of sodium ions and acid radical ions (preferably inorganic acid radicals), specifically Na2CO3, NaHCO3, Na2S, Na2SO4, Na2SO3, Na3PO4, Na2HPO4, Na2H2PO4, HCOONa, CH3COONa, NaCl, NaClO4, NaClO3, NaClO2, NaClO, NaIO3, NaB(OH)4, Na2WO4, Na2SiO3, Na2SeO4 and Na2CrO4.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] (1) First, cotton fibers are opened and cleaned three times using a cotton opening and cleaning machine to remove impurities in the fibers; then, the cleaned cotton fibers and seaweed fibers are added in a mass ratio of 7:3, and the mixture is repeatedly mixed and opened to obtain mixed fibers;

[0043] (2) combing the mixed fiber obtained in step (1) using a flat carding machine to form mixed fiber slivers, and controlling the cotton drop rate to be between 3% and 4%;

[0044] (3) The mixed fiber sliver obtained in step (2) is subjected to two drawing passes using a drawing frame, with a drafting ratio of 4, a front zone center distance of 40 mm, a middle zone center distance of 43 mm, and a rear zone center distance of 60 mm; uniform mixing of the seaweed fiber and the cotton fiber is promoted by combining and drawing evenly, thereby improving the uniformity of the fiber sliver, improving the sliver structure, and reducing the unevenness of the yarn weight, to obtain a mixed fiber sliver with a basis weight of 18.3 g / 5 m;

[0045] (4) spinning the mixed fiber sliver obtained in step (3) into a blended yarn (30.78 tex) using a rotor spinning machine; the process parameters are: rotor speed 60000 r / min, combing roller speed 8000 r / min, output speed 60 m / min, and total draft ratio of 118.9;

[0046] (5) At room temperature, the blended yarn obtained in step (4) was immersed in a CH3COONa solution for 20 min, so that the seaweed fiber in the blended yarn was gelled and a translucent gel appeared on the surface of the yarn (such as Figure 1 As shown), a size film is formed after drying, thereby achieving in-situ sizing and obtaining in-situ sized blended yarn.

[0047] Table 1 shows the results of the single yarn strength test. It can be seen from Table 1 that the breaking strength and breaking elongation of the in-situ sized blended yarn are better than those of the blended yarn obtained in step (4). The seaweed fiber in the blended yarn is dissolved in a sodium salt solution and becomes gel-like. The gel-like seaweed fiber replaces the sizing material and covers the surface of the cotton fiber to form a sizing film, thereby sizing the cotton fiber in situ. In addition, due to the biomass fiber characteristics of seaweed fiber, it is not only an environmentally friendly sizing material for in-situ use, but can also be permanently retained on the surface of the product, reducing the desizing process.

[0048] Table 1

[0049] sample Breaking strength (cN / tex) Elongation at break (%) The blended yarn obtained in step (4) 8.885 7.639 The in-situ sizing blended yarn obtained in step (5) 10.575 9.027

[0050] Example 2

[0051] (1) First, cotton fibers are opened and cleaned three times using a cotton opening and cleaning machine to remove impurities in the fibers; then, the cleaned cotton fibers and seaweed fibers are added in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the mixture is repeatedly mixed and opened to obtain mixed fibers;

[0052] (2) combing the mixed fiber obtained in step (1) using a flat carding machine to form mixed fiber slivers, and controlling the cotton drop rate to be between 3% and 4%;

[0053] (3) The mixed fiber sliver obtained in step (2) is subjected to two drawing passes using a drawing frame, with a drafting ratio of 4, a front zone center distance of 40 mm, a middle zone center distance of 43 mm, and a rear zone center distance of 60 mm; uniform mixing of the seaweed fiber and the cotton fiber is promoted by combining and drawing evenly, thereby improving the uniformity of the fiber sliver, improving the sliver structure, and reducing the unevenness of the yarn weight, to obtain a mixed fiber sliver with a basis weight of 22 g / 5 m;

[0054] (4) spinning the mixed fiber sliver obtained in step (3) into a blended yarn (31.4 tex) using a rotor spinning machine; the process parameters are: rotor speed 50000 r / min, combing roller speed 8000 r / min, output speed 50 m / min, and total draft ratio of 140;

[0055] (5) At room temperature, the blended yarn obtained in step (4) is immersed in a NaCl solution for 20 minutes to gel the seaweed fiber in the blended yarn, and a translucent gel appears on the surface of the yarn. After drying, a size film is formed to achieve in-situ sizing, thereby obtaining an in-situ sized blended yarn.

[0056] Table 2 shows the single yarn strength test results. It can be seen from Table 2 that the breaking strength and breaking elongation of the in-situ sized blended yarn are better than those of the blended yarn obtained in step (4). In addition, due to the excellent flame retardancy of seaweed fiber, the flame retardancy of the in-situ sized blended yarn is better than that of pure cotton yarn.

[0057] Table 2

[0058] sample Breaking strength (cN / tex) Elongation at break (%) The blended yarn obtained in step (4) 6.35 5.134 The in-situ sizing blended yarn obtained in step (5) 7.105 7.331

[0059] In the burning test, pure cotton yarn burns quickly, leaving little ash in the form of gray-black powder. Figure 2 It can be seen that the in-situ sized blended yarn burns slightly slower than pure cotton yarn, and the residue contains off-white crisp flocs.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] (1) viscose fiber and seaweed fiber were added in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the mixture was repeatedly mixed and opened three times to improve the uniformity of fiber distribution in the yarn cross section to obtain a mixed fiber;

[0062] (2) combing the mixed fiber obtained in step (1) using a flat carding machine to form mixed fiber slivers, and controlling the cotton drop rate to be between 3% and 4%;

[0063] (3) The mixed fiber sliver obtained in step (2) is subjected to two drawing passes using a drawing frame, with a drafting ratio of 4, a front zone center distance of 40 mm, a middle zone center distance of 40 mm, and a rear zone center distance of 60 mm; uniform mixing of the seaweed fiber and the viscose fiber is promoted by combining and drawing evenly, thereby improving the uniformity of the fiber sliver, improving the sliver structure, and reducing the unevenness of the yarn weight, to obtain a mixed fiber sliver with a basis weight of 17 g / 5 m;

[0064] (4) spinning the mixed fiber sliver obtained in step (3) into a blended yarn (29.98 tex) using a rotor spinning machine; the process parameters are: rotor speed 50000 r / min, combing roller speed 8000 r / min, output speed 50 m / min, and total draft ratio of 113.4;

[0065] (5) At room temperature, the blended yarn obtained in step (4) is immersed in a Na2WO4 solution for 20 minutes, so that the seaweed fiber in the blended yarn is gelled, and a translucent gel appears on the surface of the yarn. After drying, a size film is formed, thereby achieving in-situ sizing and obtaining an in-situ sized blended yarn.

[0066] Table 3 shows the single yarn strength test results. It can be seen from Table 3 that the breaking strength and breaking elongation of the in-situ sizing blended yarn are better than those of the blended yarn obtained in step (4).

[0067] Table 3

[0068] sample Breaking strength (cN / tex) Elongation at break (%) The blended yarn obtained in step (4) 8.931 9.151 The in-situ sizing blended yarn obtained in step (5) 10.525 10.632

[0069] Any matters not described in the present invention are applicable to the prior art.

Claims

1. A method for preparing in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and opening the seaweed fiber with other fibers to obtain opened mixed fibers; (2) combing the mixed fibers obtained in step (1) to ensure that the fibers are fully and evenly mixed to obtain mixed fiber slivers; (3) combining, stretching, and leveling the mixed fiber slivers obtained in step (2) to obtain mixed fiber slivers; (4) spinning the mixed fiber sliver obtained in step (3) into a blended yarn through a spinning process; (5) immersing the blended yarn obtained in step (4) in a sodium salt solution to gel the seaweed fiber in the blended yarn, wherein the gel covers the surface of the yarn and forms a sizing film after drying, thereby obtaining an in-situ sized blended yarn; The concentration of the sodium salt solution is 10 to 20 wt %; the immersion temperature is room temperature, and the immersion time is 10 to 30 minutes; The solutes of the sodium salt solution are Na2CO3, NaHCO3, Na2S, Na2SO4, Na2SO3, Na3PO4, Na2HPO4, Na2H2PO4, HCOONa, CH3COONa, NaCl, NaClO4, NaClO3, NaClO2, NaClO, NaIO3, NaB(OH)4, Na2WO4, Na2SiO3, Na2SeO4 and Na2CrO4.

2. The method for preparing in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass of the seaweed fiber accounts for 30% to 50% of the total mass of the fiber.

3. The method for preparing the in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), other fibers are all fibers that can be blended with seaweed fibers, including other chemical fibers and natural fibers; When other chemical fibers are used, the seaweed fiber is mixed with the other chemical fibers, and then repeatedly mixed and opened to make the seaweed fiber and the other chemical fibers fully mixed and uniform, thereby improving the uniformity of the yarn and obtaining a mixed fiber; When natural fibers are used, the natural fibers are first repeatedly opened and cleaned of impurities, and then the cleaned natural fibers are mixed with seaweed fibers, and then repeatedly mixed and opened to make the seaweed fibers and natural fibers fully mixed and evenly mixed, thereby improving the uniformity of the yarn and obtaining a mixed fiber.

4. The method for preparing the in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), other chemical fibers include regenerated cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers; regenerated cellulose fibers are viscose fibers, bamboo pulp fibers or modal fibers; synthetic fibers are polyester fibers, nylon fibers or polypropylene fibers; and natural fibers are cotton fibers, linen fibers, wool fibers or silk fibers.

5. The method for preparing in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the drop rate is 3% to 4%; Step (2) is carried out in a carding machine, which includes various working parts with steel needles on the surface.

6. The method for preparing in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step (3) is carried out in a drawing frame, and the drafting form is pressure bar drafting; the process principle of enlarging the roller center distance, appropriately applying pressure, and reducing the speed is adopted, the center distance of the front zone of the drawing frame is 40-43 mm, the center distance of the middle zone is 43-46 mm, the center distance of the rear zone is 60-63 mm, and the delivery speed is 10-15 m / min; In step (3), the quantitative weight of the mixed fiber strips is 18g / 5m2 to 22g / 5m2.

7. The method for preparing in-situ sizing blended yarn based on seaweed fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the spinning process is rotor spinning, which is carried out in a rotor spinning machine. The specific process is: the mixed fiber sliver first enters the combing and impurity removal mechanism through the feeding mechanism, decomposes the sliver into a single fiber state, and removes fine impurities in the sliver, improves the combing quality, and reduces breakage; then enters the cohesion and twisting mechanism, and the single fibers combed by the combing roller are re-condensed into slivers, and are stripped and twisted to form yarns, and then the yarns are drawn out by the winding mechanism to obtain continuous blended yarns; In step (4), in the combing and removing mechanism, the combing roller speed is 7000-8000 r / min; in the cohesion and twisting mechanism, the rotor speed is 50000-60000 r / min; according to the quantitative amount of the mixed fiber sliver, the output speed is 50-60 m / min; and the total drafting multiple is 110-140.

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