Replaceable hierarchical sliding energy dissipation self-limiting reset bridge fender device

Abstract

The application provides a replaceable hierarchical sliding energy dissipation self-limiting reset bridge fender protection device, which comprises a mounting plate, the mounting plate is detachably connected with a fender, the fender is arranged opposite to a main beam, the bottom of the mounting plate is provided with a bottom plate, the bottom plate is arranged on a bent cap, an envelope is arranged on the bottom plate, a cushion block is arranged on one side of the envelope close to the fender, first friction plates are arranged on the lower surface of the envelope and the upper surface of the bottom plate, a second metal damper, a second connecting plate, a second viscous damper, a first connecting plate, a first viscous damper and a first metal damper are sequentially arranged between the two first friction plates and on one side of the cushion block. The application can effectively prevent the damage of the main beam to the fender, effectively avoid the occurrence of beam falling phenomenon, and has excellent stiffness and damping self-adaptive adjustment capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge vibration reduction, and specifically relates to a replaceable graded sliding energy-dissipating self-limiting and resetting bridge stop protection device. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge abutments are indispensable lateral restraint components for bridges, serving to limit the lateral displacement of the main beam, prevent the main beam from falling, and protect the supports. In existing technologies, reinforced concrete abutments with rectangular or trapezoidal cross-sections are commonly used in bridges. However, these have high stiffness, poor shock absorption and energy dissipation effects, and collisions with the main beam can cause localized damage to both the abutment and the main beam, even transmitting the impact force to the substructure, causing damage. Furthermore, reinforced concrete abutments lack a reset function, leading to significant residual deformation of the main beam, potentially causing it to fall and exacerbating substructure damage, seriously endangering life and property. Chinese invention patent CN113756179A discloses a combined bridge abutment with an automatic reset function. It achieves shock absorption control of the bridge by incorporating a hydraulic damper and corrosion-resistant pads, and achieves buffering, stress relief, and reset functions by incorporating a double-acting hydraulic rod, buffer components, support structure, counterweight, and a first hydraulic telescopic rod. However, the energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanisms of the entire stop structure are limited and ineffective. In the event of a strong earthquake, the entire structure is at risk of being overturned by the impact of the main beam, and its complex structure makes it impossible to remove and replace damaged components. Therefore, it is particularly important to install a stop protection device that has effective vibration reduction and energy dissipation effects, as well as limit and reset functions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to at least solve one of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a replaceable graded sliding energy-dissipating self-limiting and resetting bridge stop protection device, which has an effective shock absorption and energy dissipation effect, and also has a limit and reset function.

[0004] To achieve the object of the present invention, a replaceable hierarchical sliding energy dissipation self-limiting and resetting bridge block protection device provided by the present invention includes a mounting plate, the mounting plate is detachably connected to the block, the block is disposed opposite to the main girder, a bottom plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate, the bottom plate is used for being disposed on the pier cap, a sealing shell is provided on the bottom plate, a cushion block is provided on one side of the sealing shell close to the block, first friction plates are provided on the lower surface of the sealing shell and the upper surface of the bottom plate, a second metal damper, a second connecting plate, a second viscous damper, a first connecting plate, a first viscous damper and a first metal damper are sequentially disposed between the two first friction plates and on one side of the cushion block, a first slider and a second slider are alternately disposed in the height direction between the second metal damper and the second connecting plate, and third viscous dampers are correspondingly provided between the first slider and the second connecting plate and between the second slider and the second metal damper, springs are respectively sleeved outside the third viscous damper, the second viscous damper and the first viscous damper, the free end of the first connecting plate contacts the first friction plate, the upper and lower surfaces of the first metal damper and the second metal damper respectively contact the first friction plate, and one side of the first metal damper facing the main girder is suspended outside the sealing shell and can contact the main girder.

[0005] Further, the friction coefficients of the first friction plate from the main girder to the block direction are u1, u2, u3 in sequence, and u1 < u2 < u3, the friction coefficient between the first metal damper, the first connecting plate and the first friction plate is u1, the friction coefficient between the second connecting plate and the first friction plate is u2, and the friction coefficient between the second metal damper and the first friction plate is u3.

[0006] Further, a second friction plate is provided between the first slider and the second slider, and the friction coefficient between the first slider, the second slider and the second friction plate is u2.

[0007] Further, the second friction plate is adhesively fixed to the first slider, and the friction coefficient of the second friction plate is u2.

[0008] Further, the first metal damper is made of shape memory alloy.

[0009] Further, the second metal damper is made of a room temperature superplastic alloy.

[0010] Further, the cushion block is made of high damping rubber, and the cushion block is installed on one side of the mounting plate after being pre-pressed.

[0011] Further, it further includes a connecting shaft, one end of the first viscous damper is detachably connected to the first metal damper, and the other end is detachably connected to the connecting shaft;

[0012] There are two first connecting plates, one end of the first connecting plate is detachably connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end respectively contacts the first friction plates provided on the lower surface of the sealing shell and the upper surface of the bottom plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the first connecting plate is inclined toward the stop block.

[0014] Furthermore, the second metal damper is detachably connected to the first slider and the third viscous damper.

[0015] Furthermore, the side of the first metal damper that contacts the main beam is an arc surface.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] ① This invention has a 5-level energy dissipation mechanism. During the entire operation of the bridge, in the face of different degrees of vibration of the main beam, this invention can effectively prevent the main beam from damaging the stop block and effectively avoid the phenomenon of beam falling. It has excellent stiffness and damping adaptive adjustment capabilities.

[0018] ②The first metal damper, the second metal damper, the viscous damper, and the spring of the present invention can absorb and dissipate a large amount of energy transferred to the stop block under strong shock, while providing strong limiting and resetting capabilities.

[0019] ③ All components of the present invention can be connected by bolts, making installation and disassembly convenient. If a fault is found in the present invention during operation, it can be disassembled for repair and the damaged components can be replaced.

[0020] ④ This invention has a wide range of applications. It can be applied to bridges that have not yet been built, and for bridges that have already been built, this invention can be designed with appropriate dimensions according to the distance between the main beam and the stop block, and then installed on the stop block later. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a replaceable graded sliding energy-consuming self-limiting and resetting bridge stop protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of the device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the mounting plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steel shell structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a front view of the steel casing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first friction plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second friction plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular metal damper structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connecting steel plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the spring structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the viscous damper in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second metal damper in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a front view of the second metal damper in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a top view of the second metal damper in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] Mounting plate 1, casing 2, first friction plate 3, first metal damper 4, first viscous damper 5, second viscous damper 6, spring 7, connecting shaft 8, first connecting plate 9, third viscous damper 10, second connecting plate 11, second friction plate 12, first slider 13, second slider 14, second metal damper 15, base plate 16, bolt 17, pad 18, stop block 19, cover beam 20, main beam 21, bolt hole 22. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-14, a replaceable hierarchical sliding energy dissipation self - limiting and resetting bridge bumper protection device provided by the present invention includes a mounting plate 1. There are bolt holes 22 on the surface of the mounting plate 1. The mounting plate 1 and the bumper 19 are detachably and fixedly connected through the cooperation of bolts 17 and the bolt holes 22. The bottom plate 16 is located at the bottom of the mounting plate 1, and the bottom plate 16 is fixedly connected to the cap beam 20 through bolts. The main beam 21 is arranged opposite to the bumper 19. A sealing shell 2 is arranged on the bottom plate 1 and is located between the bumper 19 and the main beam 21. First friction plates 3 are arranged on the lower surface of the sealing shell 2 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 1. From the direction of the main beam 21 to the bumper 19, the friction coefficients of the first friction plates 3 are u1, u2, u3 in sequence, where u1 < u2 < u3. The upper and lower surfaces of the first metal damper 4 are smooth and are in direct contact with the first friction plates 3 respectively. One end of the first metal damper 4 facing the main beam 21 is suspended, and the other end is connected to the first viscous damper 5 through a bolt. The other end of the first viscous damper 5 is connected to the connecting shaft 8 through a bolt. One end of the first connecting plate 9 is connected to the connecting shaft 8 through a bolt, and the other end is in direct contact with the first friction plate 3. Springs 7 are respectively arranged on the outer peripheries of the first viscous damper 5, the second viscous damper 6, and the third viscous damper 10, and the springs 7 are connected to the corresponding viscous dampers through bolts. The material of the springs 7 is shape memory alloy. One side of the second connecting plate 11 is connected to the second viscous damper 6 through a bolt, and the other side is connected to the third viscous damper 10, the spring 7, and the second slider 14 through bolts. The upper and lower parts of the second connecting plate 11 are in direct contact with the first friction plate 3. Second friction plates 12 are installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the first slider 13. The upper and lower surfaces of the second metal damper 15 are in direct contact with the first friction plates 3 respectively. One end of the second metal damper 15 is connected to the first slider 13 and the third viscous damper 10 through bolts, and the other end is free. The cushion block 18 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1.

[0039] The viscous damper includes a telescopic connecting rod, and one end of the spring 7 is connected to the connecting rod.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bumper 19 is a reinforced concrete bumper.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mounting plate 1 is made of steel of grade Q235 or above, the cover 2 and the base plate 16 are both made of ultra-high strength steel with a yield strength of 1200MPa, and the surfaces of the mounting plate 1, cover 2 and base plate 16 are all painted for rust prevention. There are friction surfaces between the second metal damper 15, the first metal damper 4, and the shell 2. The greater the pressure between them and the friction surfaces, the greater the friction, which is more conducive to frictional energy dissipation. The shell 2 is made of ultra-high strength steel, which has high rigidity and is not easily deformed. In this embodiment, during installation, the mounting plate 1 and the stop block 19 are first fixedly connected by bolts. After the pad block 18 is pre-pressed, it is installed on one side of the mounting plate 1. The second metal damper 15 and the first metal damper 4 are pre-pressed (in the elastic stage and can recover) and then installed into the shell 2. This makes the second metal damper 15 and the first metal damper 4 have a tendency to recover deformation and generate prestress to push the shell 2 outward. In this way, there is a large pressure between them. The steel material can prevent the second metal damper 15 and the first metal damper 4 from deforming the shell 2.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first friction plate 3 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene plate, and the first friction plate 3 is bonded to the cover 2 and the base plate 16 by epoxy resin AB glue.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first metal damper 4 is made of shape memory alloy (SMA) (such as Ti-Ni shape memory alloy, CuZnAl shape memory alloy). Shape memory alloy has both superelasticity and shape memory effects. Superelasticity has good energy dissipation characteristics, and shape memory effect has the characteristic of automatically recovering deformation. After the main beam impacts the first metal damper 4, the first metal damper 4, the first connecting plate 9, the second slider 14, and the second metal damper 15 will slide towards the stop block 19, generating sliding friction to dissipate energy. The first metal damper 4 and the second metal damper 15 will undergo plastic deformation to absorb and dissipate energy. The first viscous damper 5, the second viscous damper 6, and the third viscous damper 10 will slide towards the stop block 19 to absorb energy, thus performing damping energy dissipation.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the side of the first metal damper 4 that contacts the main beam 21 is an arc surface, the side of the first metal damper 4 that connects to the first viscous damper 5 is an arc surface, and the two ends of the first metal damper 4 are arc surfaces. Firstly, the pre-stress can be increased after pre-loading, so that the pressure between the first metal damper 4 and the first friction plate is large enough. Secondly, compared with the plane, the arc surface can better absorb energy and deform when the main beam collides.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4The first metal damper 4 has an elliptical cross-sectional shape and is formed by a room-temperature superplastic alloy ring. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the first metal damper 4 may also be other shapes.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first connecting plate 9 and the second connecting plate 11 are made of stainless steel, which can effectively prevent them from deforming and affecting the transmission of influence.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, there are two first connecting plates 9, which respectively contact the upper and lower first friction plates 3, and are both inclined. The inclined arrangement allows pressure to be generated between the first connecting plates 9 and the first friction plates 3, facilitating frictional energy dissipation.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first slider 13 and the second slider 14 are both made of stainless steel, which can increase the contact pressure by utilizing the weight of the steel, thereby increasing the friction.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second friction plate 12 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the second friction plate 12 is bonded to the first slider 13 by epoxy resin AB glue, and the coefficient of friction of the second friction plate 12 is u2.

[0050] The second metal damper 15 is made of a superplastic alloy. After being pre-compressed (in the elastic deformation stage), the second metal damper 15 is installed inside the shell 2, generating prestress between it and the shell 2. When the entire device is impacted by the main beam 21, the second metal damper 15 slides, and friction is generated between its upper and lower ends and the friction plates between the shell 2 and the bottom plate, thus consuming energy. When the entire device is impacted by the main beam and undergoes significant deformation, the second metal damper 15 is compressed, resulting in plastic deformation and absorbing and consuming energy. In some embodiments of the present invention, the superplastic alloy used is Zn-22%Al. Zn-22%Al exhibits low yield stress, high ductility, and lightweight characteristics at room temperature, as well as being easy to form and not prone to stretch hardening. In addition, this alloy also has advantages such as good shock absorption capacity, wear resistance, and strong corrosion resistance. In other embodiments, the superplastic alloy used can also be Zn-27Al, ZDAl, etc.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 12 The second metal damper 15 has a W-shaped form. Other shapes may also be used in other embodiments.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pad 18 is a high-damping rubber pad, which is pre-pressed and installed on one side of the mounting plate 1. When the second metal damper 15 makes a large sliding impact on the pad 18, the pad 18 will deform significantly, producing a buffering and energy-dissipating effect, further reducing the impact force transmitted to the stop block 19.

[0053] The working principle of the protective device of the present invention is as follows:

[0054] ① First-level energy consumption: During normal bridge operation, traffic causes the main beam 21 to vibrate horizontally and impact the first metal damper 4. When the impact force of the main beam 21 is less than the maximum static friction force of the first metal damper 4, the first metal damper 4 does not slide. The first metal damper 4 deforms and absorbs energy. At the same time, the shape memory alloy can automatically recover its deformation. Therefore, the first metal damper 4 has a self-resetting function.

[0055] ②Second stage energy consumption

[0056] When a minor earthquake occurs, the main beam 21 vibrates significantly. When the impact force of the main beam 21 is greater than the maximum static friction force between the first metal damper 4 and the first friction plate 3, but lower than the maximum static friction force between the first connecting plate 9 and the first friction plate 3, the first metal damper 4 slides towards the stop block 19, squeezing the first viscous damper 5. At this time, the first metal damper 4 undergoes plastic deformation to absorb some energy, the friction between the first metal damper 4 and the first friction plate 3 consumes some energy, and the first viscous damper 5 consumes some energy.

[0057] ③Third-level energy consumption

[0058] When a minor earthquake occurs, and the horizontal force transmitted to the first connecting plate 9 exceeds the maximum static friction force between the first connecting plate 9 and the first friction plate 3, the first connecting plate 9 slides towards the stop block 19 and presses against the second viscous damper 6. This increases the frictional energy consumption between the first connecting plate 9 and the first friction plate 3 and the damping energy consumption of the second viscous damper 6 on top of the second-stage energy consumption.

[0059] ④ Fourth level of energy consumption

[0060] When an earthquake occurs, if the horizontal force transmitted to the second connecting plate 11 exceeds the maximum static friction between the second connecting plate 11 and the first friction plate 3, the second connecting plate 11 will slide, causing the first slider 13 and the second slider 14 to slide and squeeze the third viscous damper 10. This increases the energy consumption based on the third stage of energy consumption, including the energy consumption of friction between the second connecting plate 11 and the first friction plate 3, the energy consumption of friction between the first slider 13 and the second slider 14 and the second friction plate 12, the energy consumption of friction between the first slider 13 and the first friction plate 3, and the energy consumption of damping by the third viscous damper 10.

[0061] ⑤ Fifth level of energy consumption

[0062] When a strong earthquake occurs, if the horizontal force transmitted to the second metal damper 15 exceeds the maximum static friction between the second metal damper 15 and the first friction plate 3, the second metal damper 15 will slide. When the second metal damper 15 slides and presses against the pad 18, the second metal damper 15 and the pad 18 will undergo plastic deformation to further absorb and dissipate energy.

[0063] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A replaceable, graded sliding energy-consuming, self-limiting, and resetting bridge stop protection device, characterized in that, The system includes a mounting plate (1), which is detachably connected to a stop block (19). The stop block (19) is positioned opposite to the main beam (21). A base plate (16) is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate (1), which is mounted on the cap beam (20). A cover shell (2) is provided above the base plate (16). A pad block (18) is provided inside the cover shell (2) on the side near the stop block (19). A first friction plate (3) is provided on the lower surface of the cover shell (2) and the upper surface of the base plate (16). A second metal damper (15), a second connecting plate (11), a second viscous damper (6), a first connecting plate (9), a first viscous damper (5), and a first metal damper (4) are sequentially arranged between the two first friction plates (3) and on the side of the pad block (18). (15) and the second connecting plate (11) are staggered in the height direction with the first slider (13) and the second slider (14), and the first slider (13) and the second connecting plate (11) and the second slider (14) and the second metal damper (15) are respectively provided with the third viscous damper (10), the second viscous damper (6) and the first viscous damper (5) are respectively fitted with springs (7), the free end of the first connecting plate (9) is in contact with the first friction plate (3), the upper and lower surfaces of the first metal damper (4) and the second metal damper (15) are respectively in contact with the first friction plate (3), and the side of the first metal damper (4) facing the main beam (21) is suspended outside the shell (2) and can contact the main beam (21); The coefficients of friction of the first friction plate (3) from the main beam (21) to the stop (19) are as follows: , , ,and < < The coefficient of friction between the first metal damper (4), the first connecting plate (9), and the first friction plate (3) is The coefficient of friction between the second connecting plate (11) and the first friction plate (3) is The coefficient of friction between the second metal damper (15) and the first friction plate (3) is .

2. The replaceable graded sliding energy-consuming self-limiting and resetting bridge stop protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second friction plate (12) is provided between the first slider (13) and the second slider (14), and the coefficient of friction between the first slider (13), the second slider (14) and the second friction plate (12) is: .

3. The replaceable graded sliding energy-consuming self-limiting and resetting bridge stop protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second friction plate (12) is bonded and fixed to the first slider (13), and the coefficient of friction of the second friction plate (12) is... .

4. The replaceable graded sliding energy-consuming self-limiting and resetting bridge stop protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first metal damper (4) is made of shape memory alloy.

5. A replaceable, graded sliding, energy-consuming, self-limiting, and resetting bridge stop protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second metal damper (15) is made of a room-temperature superplastic alloy.

6. A replaceable, graded sliding, energy-consuming, self-limiting, and resetting bridge stop protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting shaft (8), one end of the first viscous damper (5) is detachably connected to the first metal damper (4), and the other end is detachably connected to the connecting shaft (8); There are two first connecting plates (9). One end of the first connecting plate (9) is detachably connected to the connecting shaft (8), and the other end is in contact with the first friction plate (3) set on the lower surface of the shell (2) and the upper surface of the bottom plate (16).

7. A replaceable, graded sliding energy-consuming, self-limiting, and resetting bridge stop protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connecting plate (9) is tilted toward the stop block (19).

8. A replaceable, graded sliding energy-consuming, self-limiting, and resetting bridge stop protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second metal damper (15) is detachably connected to the first slider (13) and the third viscous damper (10).

9. A replaceable, graded sliding energy-dissipating, self-limiting, and resetting bridge stop protection device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The side of the first metal damper (4) that contacts the main beam (21) is an arc surface.

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