Accounting Method and System for Energy Conversion and Utilization of Multiple Sources and Multiple Paths of Biomass for Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and system for accounting energy conservation and carbon reduction in the conversion and utilization of biomass from multiple sources and through multiple paths, belonging to the technical field of energy conservation and carbon reduction accounting. Aiming at problems such as limited types of biomass resource quantity accounting and lack of research on multi-path conversion systems for different biomass types, the present invention proposes to establish a database of biomass resource quantity and energy utilization from multiple sources; perform multi-path energy conversion and utilization of biomass energy utilization according to the energy conversion path to produce clean energy products; use the produced clean energy products to replace traditional fossil energy, and respectively establish an energy conservation accounting system and a carbon reduction accounting system for the whole life cycle of biomass energy conversion and utilization to obtain the energy savings and carbon emission reduction amounts of biomass energy conversion into clean energy products. The present invention can estimate the energy conservation and carbon reduction amounts of biomass energy utilization to produce clean energy products in different regions, different years, and different types, which is of great significance for the accounting of carbon emission reduction in the replacement of fossil energy by clean energy in China.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation and carbon emission reduction accounting, and particularly relates to an accounting method and system for energy conservation and carbon emission reduction in the conversion and utilization of biomass from multiple sources and multiple paths. Background Art

[0002] Global climate change is a severe challenge currently faced by mankind. In order to control the impacts brought about by global climate change, the Paris Agreement proposes to limit the global temperature rise within 2°C by the end of this century and strive to control it within 1.5°C. In 2018, the IPCC released the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C, putting forward higher requirements for emission reduction amplitudes and a more urgent schedule for the global response to climate change.

[0003] Biomass energy is an internationally recognized zero-carbon renewable energy, with characteristics such as green, low-carbon, and clean. Its zero-carbon and negative emission attributes will make a great contribution to carbon emission reduction. Therefore, starting from the needs of addressing climate change and carbon emission reduction, studying the development and utilization of biomass energy and its carbon emission reduction capacity has become a hot topic in the current energy and ecological environment fields.

[0004] Biomass energy resources come from all organic substances directly or indirectly formed by green plants through photosynthesis, including animals, plants, microorganisms, as well as excreta and metabolites produced by these organisms. The biomass resource reserves are huge. It is estimated that about 170 billion tons of biomass are generated globally every year, but only a relatively small part of it is developed and utilized, and most of the rest is burned or naturally degraded, resulting in a waste of energy. Biomass energy is a renewable energy and also the only renewable zero-carbon energy. Currently, the international climate change community has great hopes for the overall emission reduction effect of biomass greenhouse gases including negative emissions. Conducting research on the accounting method of biomass energy carbon emission reduction capacity plays an important role in the systematic accounting of carbon emissions and carbon emission reduction amounts in the conversion of green and low-carbon energy and the establishment of its standard system, which is conducive to promoting the efficient utilization of resources, energy conservation and carbon emission reduction through standardization, and providing method support for scientific research, technological innovation and result application in carbon emission reduction in various fields, as well as green and low-carbon and energy transformation.

[0005] Although some scholars have carried out a large number of studies on the evaluation of carbon emission reduction benefits in the utilization of biomass energy, the research mainly focuses on individual research types such as straw, forestry waste, livestock manure, energy crops, municipal solid waste, etc., and less attention has been paid to organic wastewater, building organic waste, garden pruning waste, etc. Refer to Figure 1, the existing accounting of biomass resource quantity has considered the accounting of theoretical production quantity, collectable quantity, and utilizable quantity, and basically all calculations are carried out through production quantity and waste output ratio. However, the accounting does not consider the collection coefficient, utilization coefficient, and energy utilization ratio by category; the types of technical research on the production of clean energy products through biomass energy utilization are limited, mostly concentrated in biomass power generation, biogas, liquid fuels, and solid formed fuels, and there is relatively little research on biomass hydrogen production and biochar, and the conversion coefficient differences of different types of biomass into the same type of clean energy product are not considered; little attention is paid to the energy savings of biomass production of clean energy products. It is considered that the amount of energy saved is the same as the amount of coal replaced, and such an assessment has a large error. It does not consider from the perspective of the life cycle which type of traditional fossil energy is replaced by the clean energy products produced, and the energy consumption of the production of this type of fossil energy in the whole life cycle, ignoring the energy consumption differences of different types of biomass energy conversion to produce the same clean energy product. Regarding the carbon emission reduction technology of biomass clean energy products, it is usually accounted by the method of life cycle assessment, and then the difference from the avoidable carbon emissions of traditional fossil energy is used to account for the emission reduction amount, but it does not clearly state what type of traditional fossil energy is replaced, and it is not clear whether the carbon emission coefficient of the corresponding traditional fossil energy considers the carbon emission coefficient of the whole life cycle. In short, the existing technology lacks a systematic accounting of the energy conservation and carbon reduction of biomass renewable energy.

[0006] In view of the huge role of biomass energy in energy conservation and carbon reduction, the research on the accounting method system of biomass energy carbon emissions and carbon emission reduction should be strengthened to provide method support for the establishment and improvement of relevant technical standards for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy and the accounting standards for carbon emission amounts, carbon emission reduction amounts, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the above-mentioned existing technologies, the present invention proposes an accounting method and system for energy conversion and utilization of biomass from multiple sources and multiple paths for energy conservation and carbon reduction, and conducts a systematic study on the effective association of four parts: the utilization amount of biomass resources, the production amount of clean energy products through biomass energy conversion, the energy savings of biomass clean energy products, and the carbon reduction amount of biomass clean energy products, so as to comprehensively solve the accounting problem of energy conservation and carbon reduction in the energy conversion and utilization of biomass from multiple sources and multiple paths.

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The technical solution provided by the first aspect of the present invention is: an accounting method for energy conversion and utilization of biomass from multiple sources and multiple paths for energy conservation and carbon reduction, including the following steps:

[0010] S1: Establish a database of biomass resource quantity and biomass energy utilization quantity from multiple sources;

[0011] S2: According to the energy conversion path, the biomass energy utilization amount is subjected to multi-path energy conversion and utilization to produce clean energy products;

[0012] S3: According to the produced clean energy products to replace traditional fossil energy, an energy-saving accounting system and a carbon emission reduction accounting system for the whole life cycle of biomass energy conversion and utilization are respectively established to obtain the energy-saving amount and carbon emission reduction amount of biomass energy converting clean energy products.

[0013] A further optimized solution of the above solution is: in step S1, the biomass resource amount is the theoretical production amount. The biomass resource collection amount is obtained by combining the biomass resource amount with the collection coefficient, and then the biomass energy utilization amount is obtained according to the biomass energy utilization ratio. Their expressions are respectively:

[0014] B c = ΣB c,i = ∑P i ×W i ×C i ×H i (1)

[0015] B e，i = B c,i ×R i = PO i ×H i (2)

[0016] Among them, B c is the biomass resource collection amount, B c,i is the collection amount of i-type biomass resources, B e，i is the utilization amount of i-type biomass energy, expressed in calorific value, P i is the production amount of i-type biomass resources, W i is the dry matter content of i-type biomass resources, C i is the collection coefficient of i-type biomass resources, H i is the average low calorific value of i-type biomass resources, PO i is the utilization quality of i-type biomass energy, R i is the energy utilization ratio of i-type biomass, and i is the biomass type.

[0017] Based on the above solution, further, in step S2, the biomass energy utilization amount is combined with the conversion coefficient of clean energy products converted by different paths of energy to obtain the output of biomass energy converting clean energy products. The formula is as follows:

[0018] EP i,k = Me i,k ×He i,k (12)

[0019] Me i,k = ∑(γ i,k × PO i × f i,k ) (13)

[0020] where, EP i,k is the output of clean energy of type k produced from biomass resources of type i, He i,k is the calorific value of clean energy of type k produced from biomass resources of type i, Me i,k is the output of clean energy of type k produced from biomass resources of type i, γ i,k is the proportion of biomass resources of type i used for producing clean energy of type k; PO i is the energy utilization amount of biomass resources of type i, f i,k is the conversion rate of biomass resources of type i to produce clean energy products of type k.

[0021] By adopting the above scheme, further, in step S3, the process of establishing an energy-saving accounting system to obtain the energy-saving amount includes:

[0022] Based on the life cycle assessment method, using the energy consumption coefficient of the whole life cycle of clean energy products, obtain the energy consumption of biomass energy converting to clean energy products;

[0023] Using clean energy products to replace traditional fossil energy, using the energy consumption coefficient of traditional fossil energy to obtain the energy consumption of biomass clean energy products replacing traditional fossil energy, and obtain the energy-saving amount of biomass energy converting to clean energy products. The calculation formula of the energy-saving amount is as follows:

[0024] ES i,k = EP i,k - EIe i,k + EIt k (14)

[0025] where, ES i,k is the energy-saving amount of clean energy products of type k produced from biomass resources of type i, EP i,k is the output of clean energy of type k produced from biomass resources of type i, EIe i,k is the whole life cycle energy consumption of clean energy products of type k produced from biomass resources of type i, EIt k is the whole life cycle energy consumption of clean energy products of type k replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy.

[0026] By adopting the above scheme, further, in step S3, the process of establishing a carbon emission reduction accounting system to obtain the carbon emission reduction amount includes:

[0027] Based on the life cycle assessment method, using the carbon emission coefficient of the whole life cycle of clean energy products, obtain the carbon emissions of biomass energy converting to clean energy products;

[0028] Replace traditional fossil energy with clean energy products, obtain the carbon emissions of biomass clean energy products replacing traditional fossil energy using the carbon emission coefficients of traditional fossil energy, and obtain the carbon emission reduction of biomass energy converted into clean energy products. The calculation formula for carbon emission reduction is as follows:

[0029] RGHG i,k = GHGt i,k - GHGe i,k (18)

[0030] Wherein, RGHG i,k is the carbon emission reduction of producing k-type clean energy products from i-type biomass resources, GHGe i,k is the life cycle carbon emissions of producing k-type clean energy products from i-type biomass resources, and GHGt k is the life cycle carbon emissions of k-type clean energy products replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy.

[0031] The technical solution provided by the second aspect of the present invention is: an accounting system for energy conversion and utilization of biomass from multiple sources and multiple paths for energy conservation and carbon reduction, including:

[0032] A database establishment module for establishing a database of biomass resource amounts from multiple sources and biomass energy utilization amounts;

[0033] A biomass energy calculation module for calculating biomass energy utilization amounts and the production amounts of multi-path conversion;

[0034] A clean energy product calculation module for calculating the energy savings and carbon emission reduction of clean energy products replacing traditional fossil energy.

[0035] As a further preferred solution of the above solution, the biomass energy calculation module includes a biomass energy utilization amount calculation sub-module and a biomass clean energy product production amount calculation sub-module, which are respectively used to calculate the utilization amount of biomass energy and the production amount of clean energy products.

[0036] As a further preferred solution of the above solution, the clean energy product calculation module includes a clean energy product energy savings calculation sub-module and a clean energy product carbon emission reduction calculation sub-module, and both the clean energy product energy savings calculation sub-module and the clean energy product carbon emission reduction calculation sub-module include a new energy alternative carbon emission unit and a traditional fossil energy carbon emission unit.

[0037] The technical solution provided by the third aspect of the present invention is: an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, characterized in that the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor is used to run the computer instructions stored on the memory to execute the steps of the method described in any one of the above aspects.

[0038] The technical solution provided in the fourth aspect of the present invention is: a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that the computer instructions are used to cause a computer to execute the steps of the method described in any one of the above aspects.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0040] 1. According to different processes of biomass energy utilization to produce clean energy products, the present invention adopts the method of life cycle assessment, combines the energy consumption and carbon emissions in different stages of the life cycle, can accurately calculate the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the whole process of biomass energy conversion to clean energy products production, and then according to the life cycle energy consumption and carbon emissions of clean energy products replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy, so as to accurately calculate the energy conservation and carbon reduction amount of biomass energy utilization to produce clean energy products.

[0041] 2. The accounting method of the present invention conducts joint research on four major modules: biomass resource utilization amount, biomass energy conversion to produce clean energy products amount, energy conservation amount of biomass clean energy products, and carbon reduction amount of biomass clean energy products. It systematically evaluates the energy conservation and carbon reduction of biomass from the perspective of multi-source and multi-path energy conversion and utilization of biomass, effectively solves the problem of how to account for the energy conservation and carbon reduction capacity of different types of biomass sources and different path energy conversion and utilization, and provides a method support for the carbon emission accounting of non-fossil energy biomass energy utilization.

[0042] 3. By using the accounting method of the present invention, understand the biomass resource amount, the production amount of clean energy products generated by biomass energy utilization and the corresponding energy conservation and carbon reduction amount in this region from different scales, and clarify the contribution of biomass to energy conservation and carbon reduction in this area. Description of the Drawings

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0044] Figure 1 For the existing carbon emission accounting and evaluation of biomass energy utilization;

[0045] Figure 2 For the energy conservation and carbon reduction evaluation technical roadmap of multi-source and multi-path energy conversion and utilization of biomass of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 For the energy conservation and carbon reduction accounting flow chart of biomass energy utilization of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 For Figure 2 The enlarged view of part a in

[0048] Figure 5 For Figure 2 Enlarged view of part b in;

[0049] In the figure: 201 - Database establishment module; 202 - Biomass energy utilization amount calculation module; 203 - Biomass clean energy product production amount calculation module; 204 - Biomass clean energy product energy saving amount calculation module; 205 - Biomass clean energy product carbon emission reduction amount calculation module. Specific implementation manner

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] Refer to Figure 2 - 5 , the present invention provides an accounting method for energy conversion and utilization of biomass from multiple sources and multiple paths for energy conservation and carbon reduction, including the following steps:

[0052] S1: Establish a database of biomass resource amounts from multiple sources and biomass energy utilization amounts;

[0053] S2: Carry out multi-path energy conversion and utilization of the biomass energy utilization amount according to the energy conversion path to produce clean energy products;

[0054] S3: According to the produced clean energy products replacing traditional fossil fuels, respectively establish an energy conservation accounting system and a carbon emission reduction accounting system for the whole life cycle of biomass energy conversion and utilization, and obtain the energy saving amount and carbon emission reduction amount of biomass energy converting to clean energy products.

[0055] The present invention conducts a systematic study on the effective correlation of four parts: the biomass resource utilization amount, the biomass energy conversion and production of clean energy product amount, the biomass clean energy product energy saving amount, and the biomass clean energy product carbon emission reduction amount. In the prior art, there is no research on the effective correlation of these four parts, or only a chain study is conducted on the production of a certain clean energy product for a certain biomass type, or there is no systematic study on different biomass types and different conversion paths respectively, or only a systematic accounting is conducted on a certain part.

[0056] More specifically, first conduct the accounting of biomass resource amounts: establish a database of biomass resource amounts from multiple sources and energy utilization amounts, specifically including four categories: energy plant types, forestry waste types, agricultural waste types, manure and urban organic waste, involving parameters such as area, yield, density, waste output ratio, dry matter content, collection coefficient, and energy utilization ratio;

[0057] The biomass resource quantity is the theoretical production quantity. By combining the collection coefficient, the biomass resource collection quantity can be obtained. Then, based on the biomass energy utilization ratio, the biomass energy utilization quantity can be obtained. Their expressions are as follows:

[0058] B c = ΣB c，i = ∑P i ×W i ×C i ×H i (1)

[0059] B e,i = B c,i ×R i = PO i ×H i (2)

[0060] Among them, B c is the biomass resource collection quantity, PJ; B c,i is the collection quantity of the i-type biomass resource, PJ; B e，i is the utilization quantity of the i-type biomass energy, expressed in calorific value, PJ; P i is the production quantity of the i-type biomass resource, Mt; W i is the dry matter content of the i-type biomass resource, dimensionless; C i is the collection coefficient of the i-type biomass resource, dimensionless; H i is the average low calorific value of the i-type biomass resource, MJ / kg; PO i is the utilization quality of the i-type biomass energy, Mt; R i is the energy utilization ratio of the i-type biomass, dimensionless, and i is the biomass type.

[0061] The present invention relates to the biomass resource quantities of 11 types. The calculation of each biomass resource quantity is as follows:

[0062] (1) Agricultural waste biomass, including two types: crop straws and agricultural and sideline product processing wastes. The calculation formula for the production quantity of its biomass resources is as follows:

[0063] P a = Σ(P y ×r y1 ) + (P y ×r y2 ) (3)

[0064] Among them, P a is the production quantity of agricultural waste biomass resources, Mt; P y is the yield of the y-type crop, Mt; r y1 is the straw-to-grain ratio of the y-type crop, dimensionless; r y2The waste output rate for the processing of agricultural and sideline products of type y mainly includes corncobs, rice husks, peanut shells, cotton shells, beet pulp, sugarcane bagasse, etc., and is dimensionless.

[0065] (2) Forestry waste biomass mainly includes six types: residues from logging of wood and bamboo, residues from processing of wood and bamboo, residues from forest tending, residues from pruning, shaping, and cutting of seedlings, residues from coppicing of economic forests and pruning of roadside trees, and firewood forests. The formula for calculating the production volume of its biomass resources is as follows:

[0066] P f =(F k ×d k ×r k )+(F k ×d k ×rr k )+(A f ×d r +F s ×r s )+(A t ×r t1 +P t ×d t ×r t2 )+(P energy ×d e )(4)

[0067] Among them, P f is the forestry waste biomass resource volume, Mt; F k is the logging volume of wood and bamboo, million m 3 ; d k is the weight density of wood and bamboo, t / m 3 ; r k is the waste output rate of wood and bamboo logging, dimensionless; rr k is the production rate of residues from wood and bamboo processing, dimensionless; A f is the forest tending area, million ha; d r is the production rate of forest tending residues, t / ha; Fs is the number of seedlings, ten thousand roots; r s is the production rate of residues from pruning, shaping, and cutting of seedlings, t / root; A t is the economic forest area, million ha; r t1 is the production coefficient of residues from coppicing of economic forests, t / ha; P t is the number of roadside trees, million roots; d t is the density of roadside trees, t / root; r t2 is the waste output rate of residues from pruning of roadside trees, dimensionless; P energy is the firewood forest output, million m 3 ; d eis the density of firewood forest, t / m 3 .

[0068] (3) Feces, including excreted feces and urine, are divided into three categories: human feces, livestock feces, and poultry feces. Since human feces in urban areas enter the sewage treatment plant along with the sewage system for treatment, to avoid double counting, the human feces in the present invention only consider the feces produced by rural populations. The calculation formula for the biomass resource amount of feces is as follows:

[0069] P m =∑S o ×γ×(Y dung，o +Y urine，o ) (5)

[0070] Among them, P m is the feces production amount, Mt; S o is the population quantity of type o, or the inventory quantity of livestock or poultry. For live pigs, beef cattle, and broiler chickens, it is the slaughter quantity, in millions; γ is the feeding cycle, in days; Y dung，o is the feces production rate of type o population, livestock, or poultry, t / individual / day, dimensionless; Y urine，o is the urine production rate of type o population, livestock, or poultry, t / individual / day, dimensionless.

[0071] (4) Biomass of urban garden waste, mainly the waste generated during the pruning of urban gardens. The calculation formula for the production amount of its biomass resources is as follows:

[0072] P g =A g ×r g (6)

[0073] Among them, P g is the output of garden pruning waste, Mt; A g is the urban green space area, in millions of ha; r g is the output coefficient of urban green space pruning waste, t / ha.

[0074] (5) Biomass of construction organic waste, mainly the biomass of wood waste generated during the construction, demolition, and decoration of buildings. The calculation formula for the production amount of its biomass resources is as follows: P woody =(A 1c ×C 1w ×r 1w )+(A 1c ×P de ×C 2w ×r 2w )+(A 2c ×C 3w ×r 3w ) (7)

[0075] Among them, P woody is the output of organic waste from construction waste, Mt; A 1c is the floor area, million m 2 ; C 1w is the waste output coefficient during the construction process of buildings, t / m 2 ; r 1w is the proportion of wood materials in the waste during the construction process of buildings, dimensionless; P de is the proportion of the demolished floor area, dimensionless; C 2w is the waste output coefficient during the building demolition process, t / m 2 ; r 2w is the proportion of wood materials in the waste during the building demolition process, dimensionless; A 2c is the floor area of residential and commercial buildings, million m 2 ; C 3w is the waste output coefficient during the building decoration process, t / m 2 ; r 3w is the proportion of wood materials in the waste during the building decoration process, dimensionless.

[0076] (6) Waste oil, mainly including waste edible oil, rice bran oil and acidic oil, the calculation formula for the generation amount of its biomass resources is as follows:

[0077] P oil =(P gutter ×r gutter )+(P acid ×r acid )+(P rice ×r rice ) (8)

[0078] Among them, P oil is the waste oil output, Mt; P gutter is the consumption of edible vegetable oil, Mt; r gutter is the generation ratio of waste oil from edible vegetable oil, dimensionless; P acid is the output of edible vegetable oil, Mt; r acid is the generation ratio of acidic oil, dimensionless; P rice is the rice output, Mt; r rice is the generation ratio of rice bran oil, dimensionless.

[0079] (7) Light industry processing waste, mainly including organic waste generated during the production of liquor, soy sauce, monosodium glutamate, pulp, and traditional Chinese medicine, the calculation formula for the generation amount of its biomass resources is as follows:

[0080] P industry =∑(P in，p ×r in，p ) (9)

[0081] Among them, P industry is the waste from light industry processing, Mt; P in，p is the output of p-type light industry products, Mt; r in，p is the generation ratio of waste from p-type light industry processing, dimensionless.

[0082] (8) Municipal solid waste biomass mainly refers to the organic waste of municipal solid waste. The calculation formula for the generation amount of its biomass resources is as follows:

[0083] P trash = M trash × F trash (10)

[0084] Among them, P trash is the organic waste of municipal solid waste, Mt; M trash is the collection and transportation volume of municipal solid waste, Mt; F trash is the proportion of organic waste in municipal solid waste, dimensionless.

[0085] (9) Sludge biomass mainly refers to sludge waste. The calculation formula for the generation amount of its biomass resources is as follows:

[0086] P slag = M slag (11)

[0087] Among them, P slag is the sludge waste, Mt; M slag is the sludge generation amount, Mt. The sludge generation amount data is directly from the "China Environmental Statistics Yearbook".

[0088] (10) Sludge biomass mainly refers to sludge waste. The calculation formula for the generation amount of its biomass resources is as follows:

[0089] P water = M water (12)

[0090] Among them, P water is the amount of organic wastewater, Mt; M wager is the generation amount of organic wastewater, Mt. The organic wastewater generation amount data is directly from the "China Environmental Statistics Yearbook".

[0091] (11) Energy plants refer to plants specifically planted for energy production, following the principle of not competing with food for land. Usually, these energy plants are planted on marginal land and are divided into oil plants, starch plants, cellulose plants, and sugar plants. The calculation formula for the generation amount of their biomass resources is as follows:

[0092] P energy,i = A i × r energy,i (13)

[0093] Among them, P energy,i is the production volume of energy plants of type i, Mt; A i is the planting area of energy plants of type i, million ha; r energy,i is the output coefficient of energy plants of type i, t / ha.

[0094] After determining the biomass energy utilization amount, according to the energy conversion path, the biomass energy utilization to produce clean energy products is divided into biogas, biodiesel, ethanol, biochar, biohydrogen production, solid formed fuel, biomass power generation, etc., involving parameters such as the utilization amount of different types of biomass energy and the conversion coefficients of clean energy products in different paths;

[0095] Combining the biomass energy utilization amount with the conversion coefficients of clean energy products converted from energy in different paths, the production volume of clean energy products converted from biomass energy can be obtained. The formula is as follows:

[0096] EP i,k = Me i,k × He i,k (14)

[0097] Me i,k = ∑(γ i,k × PO i × f i,k ) (15)

[0098] Among them, EP i,k is the production volume of clean energy of type k produced from biomass resources of type i, PJ; He i,k is the calorific value of clean energy of type k produced from biomass resources of type i, MJ / kg; Me i,k is the production volume of clean energy of type k produced from biomass resources of type i, Mt; γ i,k is the proportion of biomass resources of type i used to produce clean energy of type k; PO i is the energy utilization amount of biomass resources of type i, Mt; f i,k is the conversion rate of biomass resources of type i to produce clean energy products of type k, dimensionless.

[0099] After determining the production volume of clean energy products, using the life cycle assessment method, establish an energy-saving accounting system and a carbon reduction accounting system for the whole life cycle of biomass energy utilization. The biomass energy-saving accounting and carbon reduction accounting are respectively divided into planting stage, collection and transportation stage, treatment and processing stage, use stage, etc., and the energy-saving amount and carbon reduction amount are respectively accounted, involving parameters such as the production volume of different clean energy products, energy consumption coefficients and carbon emission coefficients in different stages;

[0100] By combining the energy consumption coefficient and carbon emission coefficient of clean energy products throughout their life cycle, the energy consumption and carbon emissions of biomass energy converted into clean energy products can be obtained. When clean energy products replace traditional fossil fuels, by clarifying the energy consumption coefficient and carbon emission coefficient of traditional fossil fuels throughout their life cycle, the energy consumption and carbon emissions of biomass clean energy products replacing traditional fossil fuels can be obtained, and then the energy savings and carbon reduction of biomass energy converted into clean energy products can be calculated.

[0101] The formula for calculating energy savings is as follows:

[0102] ES i,k =EP i,k -EIe i,k +EIt k (16)

[0103] Among them, ES i,k is the energy savings of producing k-type clean energy products from i-type biomass resources, PJ; EP i,k is the output of k-type clean energy products produced from i-type biomass resources, PJ; EIe i,k is the life cycle energy consumption of producing k-type clean energy products from i-type biomass resources, PJ; EIt k is the life cycle energy consumption of k-type clean energy products replacing the corresponding traditional fossil fuels, PJ.

[0104] Furthermore, several parameters affecting the calculation of energy savings are calculated using the following formulas respectively:

[0105] EIt k =Mt k ×(F eg,k +F tg,k +F pg,k +F dg,k ) (17)

[0106]

[0107] EIe i,k =Me i,k ×(F ee,k,i +F te,k,i +F pe,k,i +F de,k,i ) (19)

[0108] Among them, Mt k is the output of k-type clean energy products replacing the corresponding traditional fossil fuels, Mt; He i,k is the calorific value of producing k-type clean energy from i-type biomass resources, MJ / kg; Ht k is the calorific value of k-type clean energy products replacing the corresponding traditional fossil fuels, MJ / kg; Feg,k Energy consumption in the raw material extraction stage for replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy with clean energy products of type k, MJ / kg; F tg,k Energy consumption in the raw material collection and transportation stage for replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy with clean energy products of type k, MJ / kg; F pg,k Energy consumption in the production stage for replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy with clean energy products of type k, MJ / kg; F pg,k Energy consumption in the transportation stage for replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy products with clean energy products of type k, MJ / kg; F ee,k,i Energy consumption in the raw material planting stage for producing clean energy products of type k from biomass resources of type i, MJ / kg; F te,k,i Energy consumption in the raw material collection and transportation stage for producing clean energy products of type k from biomass resources of type i, MJ / kg; F pe,k,i Energy consumption in the production stage for producing clean energy products of type k from biomass resources of type i, MJ / kg; F de,k,i Energy consumption in the transportation stage for producing clean energy products of type k from biomass resources of type i, MJ / kg.

[0109] The calculation formula for carbon emission reduction is as follows:

[0110] RGHG i,k = GHGt i,k - GHGe i,k (20)

[0111] Among them, RGHG i,k is the carbon emission reduction for producing clean energy products of type k from biomass resources of type i, Mt; GHGe i,k is the total life cycle carbon emission for producing clean energy products of type k from biomass resources of type i, Mt; GHGt k is the total life cycle carbon emission for replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy with clean energy products of type k, Mt.

[0112] GHGt k = Mt k × (f eg,k + f tg,k + f pg,k + f dg,k + f ug,k ) (21)

[0113] GHGe i,k = Me i,k × (f ee,k,i + f te,k,i + f pe,k,i + f de,k,i + f us,k,i ) (22)

[0114] Among them, f eg,k is the carbon emission in the raw material extraction stage of replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy with the clean energy product of type k, kg / kg; f tg,k is the carbon emission in the raw material collection and transportation stage of replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy with the clean energy product of type k, kg / kg; f pg,k is the carbon emission in the production stage of replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy with the clean energy product of type k, kg / kg; f dg,k is the carbon emission in the product transportation stage of replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy with the clean energy product of type k, kg / kg; f us,k is the carbon emission in the usage stage of replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy with the clean energy product of type k, kg / kg; f ee,k,i is the carbon emission in the raw material planting stage of producing the clean energy product of type k from the biomass resource of type i, kg / kg; F te,k,i is the carbon emission in the raw material collection and transportation stage of producing the clean energy product of type k from the biomass resource of type i, kg / kg; F pe,k,i is the carbon emission in the production stage of producing the clean energy product of type k from the biomass resource of type i, kg / kg; F de,k,i is the carbon emission in the transportation stage of producing the clean energy product of type k from the biomass resource of type i, kg / kg; F us,k,i is the carbon emission in the usage stage of producing the clean energy product of type k from the biomass resource of type i, kg / kg.

[0115] In the present invention, the construction of an energy-saving and carbon-reducing system for multi-source and multi-path energy conversion and utilization of biomass needs to consider four parts: the biomass energy utilization amount, the production amount of clean energy products generated by biomass energy utilization, the energy-saving amount of biomass-produced clean energy products, and the carbon-reducing amount of biomass-produced clean energy products; among them:

[0116] The accounting of the biomass energy utilization amount clarifies the theoretical output, collection amount, and energy utilization ratio of different types of biomass, namely formulas (1) to (13). However, the prior art does not systematically consider the coefficient differences of different types of biomass in terms of the theoretical production amount of biomass resources, the collection amount of biomass resources, and then the biomass energy utilization amount. Moreover, most studies only focus on the material resource types such as straw, forestry waste, manure, and municipal solid waste, and rarely consider other types;

[0117] The energy conversion coefficients of different types of biomass under different energy conversion paths for the production of clean energy products are defined by formulas (14) to (15). However, the prior art does not systematically consider the specific accounting steps for the multi-path conversion of different types of biomass into clean energy products. Most existing studies only consider the ability of individual biomass types to produce a certain type of clean energy product, ignoring the conversion differences in the production of the same type of clean energy product by different types of biomass;

[0118] The energy savings accounting for the production of clean energy products from biomass defines the energy consumption in the planting stage, collection and transportation stage, clean energy product production stage, and clean energy product transportation stage for different types of biomass. At the same time, it also defines the energy consumption in the original extraction stage, collection and transportation stage, fossil energy product production stage, and fossil energy product transportation stage for the clean energy product to replace the corresponding traditional fossil energy product, that is, formulas (16) to (19). However, most of the prior art considers the energy substitution situation of biomass for the production of clean energy products, rarely considering the energy consumption and energy savings situation. Moreover, existing energy savings studies do not specifically give the specific steps for calculating the energy savings. Most studies only consider the energy savings of individual biomass types for producing a certain type of clean energy product, ignoring the energy consumption differences in the whole life cycle of different types of biomass for producing the same type of clean energy product, formulas (20) to (22);

[0119] The carbon emission reduction accounting for the production of clean energy products from biomass defines the carbon emissions in the planting stage, collection and transportation stage, clean energy product production stage, and clean energy product transportation stage for different types of biomass. At the same time, it is also necessary to clarify the carbon emissions in the original extraction stage, collection and transportation stage, fossil energy product production stage, and fossil energy product transportation stage for the clean energy product to replace the corresponding traditional fossil energy product. However, most of the prior art considers the carbon emissions in the whole life cycle of biomass for the production of clean energy products. Regarding the carbon emission reduction, it is calculated by how much standard coal can be replaced by biomass energy and then combined with the carbon emission coefficient of coal to calculate the emission reduction of biomass energy. This method has a large calculation error and does not consider the carbon emissions in the whole life cycle of biomass clean energy and traditional fossil energy one by one. Even if some studies claim the carbon emissions of the traditional fossil energy replaced by biomass clean energy, they do not clarify whether the carbon emission coefficient considers the whole life cycle and which type of fossil energy it corresponds to for replacement and how to calculate. Moreover, most studies only consider the emission reduction of individual biomass types for producing a certain type of clean energy product, ignoring the carbon emission differences in the whole life cycle of different types of biomass for producing the same type of clean energy product.

[0120] In addition, for different biomass types, the clean energy conversion coefficients, the energy consumption coefficients in the whole life cycle, and the carbon emission coefficients in the whole life cycle are different under different energy conversion paths, and corresponding conditions need to be noted.

[0121] Example 1:

[0122] Taking the agricultural biomass types in Liaoning Province in 2015 as the basic data, the databases of different types of food crop straws and agricultural and sideline product processing wastes are shown in Table 1 below.

[0123] Table 1 Databases of Different Types of Agricultural Biomass in Liaoning Province in 2015

[0124]

[0125] In Table 1, the research objects of the output coefficients of the corresponding agricultural and sideline product processing wastes are rice husks, corn cobs, peanut shells and beet pulp respectively; and the energy utilization ratio of straw is 0.48, and the energy utilization ratio of agricultural and sideline product processing wastes is 0.50.

[0126] Based on the data in Table 1, using Formula (1) and Formula (3), it can be calculated that the energy utilization amount of straw biomass resources in Liaoning Province is 4.79 Mt, and that of agricultural and sideline product processing wastes is 1.99 Mt. Then the energy utilization amount of agricultural waste resources in Liaoning Province is 6.78 Mt; according to the characteristics of straw and agricultural and sideline product processing wastes, straw can be pyrolyzed and carbonized to produce biochar, can be burned for biomass power generation, can be pelletized to produce solid formed fuel, can be anaerobically fermented to produce biogas, can be hydrolyzed and fermented to produce ethanol, and can be gasified to produce hydrogen. The corresponding conversion coefficients are shown in Table 2.

[0127] Table 2 Coefficients of Agricultural Waste Biomass Converted into Clean Energy Products

[0128] Clean energy product type Straw conversion coefficient Agricultural and sideline product processing waste Ethanol 0.26 kg ethanol / kg biomass Biogas <![CDATA[0.45m 3 biogas / kg biomass]]> <![CDATA[0.35m 3 biogas / kg biomass]]> Biomass power generation 0.95 kwh / kg biomass Solid formed fuel 0.83 kg solid formed fuel / kg biomass Hydrogen production Hydrogen production 0.075 kg hydrogen / kg biomass 0.075 kg hydrogen / kg biomass Biochar 0.40 kg biochar / kg biomass 0.38 kg biochar / kg biomass

[0129] Since there are mutual exclusions among different conversion paths, the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate 100,000 times to determine the proportion of each conversion path, and the sum of all conversion paths is equal to 1. This example gives the maximum conversion potential, and the actual accounting is carried out according to the actual situation. According to Formulas (14)-(15), the different energy types that can be maximally produced by the energy utilization of agricultural waste resources in Liaoning Province are shown in Table 3 below:

[0130] Table 3 Different Energies That Can Be Maximally Produced by the Energy Utilization of Agricultural Waste Resources

[0131] Energy type Biochar Power generation Solid formed fuel Biogas Ethanol Hydrogen Production volume 2.68 Mt 4.55 billion kwh 3.98 Mt <![CDATA[286 million m 3 > 1.25 Mt 0.51 Mt

[0132] According to the full - process energy - consumption coefficients of different conversion paths (as shown in Table 4), combined with the full - life - cycle energy consumption of the corresponding traditional fossil fuels replaced (as shown in Table 5), and calculated according to formulas (16)-(19), it can be obtained that the energy saved by producing biochar from agricultural waste in Liaoning Province is 61.25 PJ, the energy saved by biomass power generation is 946.40 PJ, the energy saved by solid - formed fuel is 61.04 PJ, the energy saved by biogas is 66.91 PJ, the energy saved by ethanol is 7.53 PJ, and the energy saved by hydrogen production from biomass is 125.25 PJ.

[0133] Table 4 Energy - consumption coefficients of different conversion paths

[0134]

[0135] Table 5 Full - life - cycle energy consumption of the corresponding traditional fossil fuels replaced

[0136]

[0137] According to the full - process carbon - emission coefficients of different conversion paths, as shown in Table 6, combined with the full - life - cycle carbon emissions of the corresponding traditional fossil fuels replaced, as shown in Table 7, and calculated according to formulas (20)-(22), it can be obtained that the carbon emissions reduced by producing biochar from agricultural waste in Liaoning Province is 6.06 Mt, the carbon emissions reduced by biomass power generation is 42.32 Mt, the carbon emissions reduced by solid - formed fuel is 6.13 Mt, the carbon emissions reduced by biogas is 3.24 Mt, the carbon emissions reduced by ethanol is 0.19 Mt, and the carbon emissions reduced by hydrogen production from biomass is 12.24 Mt.

[0138] Table 6 Carbon - emission coefficients of different conversion paths

[0139]

[0140] Table 7 Full - life - cycle carbon emissions of the corresponding traditional fossil fuels replaced

[0141]

[0142] Example 2:

[0143] Using a similar method to calculate the energy - saving and carbon - emission reduction amounts of producing clean - energy products from the energy utilization of forestry waste in Heilongjiang Province, with the basic data taking the forestry waste in Heilongjiang Province in 2015 as an example.

[0144] In 2015, the average output of commercial timber in Heilongjiang Province was 1.5677 million m 3 , and the average output of non - commercial timber was 7.15 m 3 , the log harvest volume was 1.4811 million m 3 , and the firewood harvest volume was 7.12 m 3, the forest tending area is 1.01232 million ha, the number of seedlings is 16.3633 billion, the area of economic forest is 0.1409 million ha, the number of roadside trees is 5.59 million, the area of economic forest is 3.39 million ha, and the wood density is 0.54 t / m 3 , the firewood density is 0.5 t / m 3 , the density of roadside trees is 0.002 t / tree, the dry matter of forestry waste is 0.65, the collection coefficient of forestry waste is 0.5, and the energy utilization ratio of forestry waste is 0.5.

[0145] According to formulas (4) and (1), the biomass resource energy utilization amount of forestry waste in Heilongjiang Province is calculated to be 4.43 Mt.

[0146] According to the characteristics of forestry waste, forestry waste can be hydrolyzed and fermented to produce ethanol, can be burned for biomass power generation, can be pelletized to produce solid biofuels, can be gasified to produce hydrogen, and can be pyrolyzed and carbonized to produce biochar. The corresponding conversion coefficients are shown in Table 8.

[0147] Table 8 Coefficients of biomass conversion of forestry waste into clean energy products

[0148] Clean energy product type Straw conversion coefficient Ethanol 0.28 kg ethanol / kg biomass Biomass power generation 1.30 kwh / kg biomass Solid formed fuel 0.83 kg solid formed fuel / kg biomass Hydrogen production Hydrogen production 0.075 kg hydrogen / kg biomass Biochar 0.52 kg biochar / kg biomass

[0149] Since different conversion paths are mutually exclusive, the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate 100,000 times to determine the proportion of each conversion path, and the sum of all conversion paths is equal to 1. This embodiment gives the maximum conversion potential, and the actual accounting is carried out according to the actual situation. According to formulas (14)-(15), the following table 9 shows the different energy types that can be maximally produced from the resource energy utilization of forestry waste in Heilongjiang Province.

[0150] Table 9 Different energies that can be maximally produced from the resource energy utilization of forestry waste

[0151] Energy type Biochar Biomass power generation Solid formed fuel Ethanol Hydrogen Production volume 2.30 Mt 5.759 billion kwh 3.68 Mt 1.24 Mt 0.33 Mt

[0152] According to the full-process energy consumption coefficients of different conversion paths (as shown in Table 10), combined with the full-life cycle energy consumption of the corresponding traditional fossil energy to be replaced (as shown in Table 11), according to formulas (16)-(19), it can be calculated that the production of biochar from forestry waste in Heilongjiang Province saves 52.56 PJ of energy, biomass power generation saves 1197.87 PJ of energy, solid biofuels save 56.95 PJ of energy, ethanol saves 8.63 PJ of energy, and biomass hydrogen production saves 81.04 PJ of energy.

[0153] Table 10 Energy consumption coefficients of different conversion paths

[0154]

[0155] Table 11 Full-life cycle energy consumption of the corresponding traditional fossil energy to be replaced

[0156] Replacement type Gasoline Coal Thermal power generation Hydrogen production from fossil energy Energy consumption 56.35 MJ / kg 21.93 MJ / kg 20.94 MJ / kwh 268.1 MJ / kg

[0157] According to the full - process carbon emission coefficients of different conversion paths, as shown in Table 12, combined with the full - life - cycle carbon emissions of the corresponding traditional fossil energy substitutes, as shown in Table 13, calculated according to formulas (20)-(22), it can be obtained that the carbon reduction of biochar produced from forestry waste in Heilongjiang Province is 5.20 Mt, the carbon reduction of biomass power generation is 53.56 Mt, the carbon reduction of solid - formed fuel is 5.85 Mt, the carbon reduction of ethanol is 0.21 Mt, and the carbon reduction of hydrogen production from biomass is 7.92 Mt.

[0158] Table 12 Carbon emission coefficients of different conversion paths

[0159] Production type Ethanol Biomass power generation Fixed formed fuel Biological hydrogen production Biochar Carbon emission coefficient 2.40 kg / kg 0.05 MJ / kwh 0.10 kg / kg 2.42 kg / kg 0.33 kg / kg

[0160] Table 13 Full - life - cycle carbon emissions of the corresponding traditional fossil energy substitutes

[0161] Replacement type Gasoline Coal Thermal power generation Hydrogen production from fossil energy Energy consumption 4.01 kg / kg 2.31 kg / kg 0.98 kg / kwh 26.42 kg / kg

[0162] Adopting the calculation method of the present invention can estimate the energy - saving and carbon - reduction amounts of clean - energy products produced by the utilization of biomass energy in different regions, different years, and different types, which is of great significance for the accounting of carbon emission reduction of clean energy substituting fossil energy in China.

[0163] In the present invention, the utilization of agricultural waste and forestry waste to produce clean - energy products is the preferred implementation mode. It should be noted that there are various types of biomass. In this patent, widely - used types such as agricultural waste, forestry waste, feces, sludge, light - industry processing waste, construction organic waste, urban garden waste, domestic waste, organic wastewater, energy plants, waste oil, etc. are listed. In fact, there are also other types such as aged grains (not listed in this patent considering the principle of not competing with people for food). With the development of technology, there may be new types and methods of producing clean - energy products from biomass. For those skilled in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle described in the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating energy conservation and carbon reduction through multi-source and multi-path biomass energy conversion and utilization, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Establish a database of biomass resources and biomass energy utilization from multiple sources; The biomass resources include 11 types, namely: agricultural waste biomass, forestry waste biomass, feces, urban garden waste biomass, construction organic waste biomass, waste oil, light industrial processing waste, domestic garbage biomass, sludge biomass, organic wastewater and energy plants. The amount of biomass resources is the theoretical amount of production. The amount of biomass resources collected is obtained by combining the amount of biomass resources with the collection coefficient. Then, the amount of biomass energy utilization is obtained according to the biomass energy utilization ratio. The expressions are: （1）; （2）; in, B c is the amount of biomass resources collected, B c,i for i Type Biomass Resource Collection Amount, B e，i for i Type Biomass energy utilization, expressed in calorific value, P i for i Type of biomass resources produced, W i for i Type of dry matter content of biomass resources, C i for i Collection coefficient of type biomass resource, H i for i Average lower heating value of biomass resources of type, PO i for i Type Biomass energy utilization quality; R i for i Energy utilization ratio of biomass type, i is the biomass type; The amount of each biomass resource is calculated as follows: (1) Agricultural waste biomass includes two types: crop straw and agricultural and sideline product processing waste. The calculation formula for the generation of biomass resources is as follows: （3）; in, P a is the amount of agricultural waste biomass resources generated, Mt; P y for y Type Crop Yield, Mt; r y1 for y Grass-to-grain ratio of crop type, dimensionless; r y2 for y Types of waste output from agricultural and sideline product processing, including corn cobs, rice husks, peanut shells, cotton husks, beet pulp, and sugarcane bagasse, dimensionless; (2) Biomass from forestry waste includes wood and bamboo felling residues, wood and bamboo processing residues, forest tending residues, sapling pruning, pole setting and pole cutting residues, economic forest stubble and pruning residues, and firewood forest. The calculation formula for the generation of biomass resources is as follows: （4）; in, P f is the amount of forestry waste biomass resources, Mt; F k is the amount of wood and bamboo felled, million m 3 ; d k is the weight density of wood and bamboo, t / m 3 ; r k is the wood and bamboo logging waste output rate, dimensionless; rr k is the generation rate of wood and bamboo processing residues, dimensionless; A f is the forest cultivation area, million ha; d r is the forest tending residue generation rate, t / ha; F s is the number of seedlings, 10,000; r s A is the residue production rate of pruning, fixing and cutting of seedlings, t / root; t is the economic forest area, million ha; t1 is the coefficient of residue production of economic forest, t / ha; P t is the number of trees around the house, millions; d t is the density of trees around, t / root; r t2 is the yield rate of pruning residues from the surrounding trees, dimensionless; P energy is the firewood forest output, million m 3 ;d e is the density of firewood forest, t / m 3 ; (3) Excrement, including excrement and urine, is divided into three categories: human excrement, livestock excrement and poultry excrement. Since the excrement of urban population is sent to sewage treatment plants along with the sewage system for treatment, in order to avoid double counting, human excrement only considers the excrement produced by rural population. The calculation formula of excrement biomass resources is as follows: （5）; in, P m is the fecal production, Mt; S o for o Type: Population or livestock or poultry number, including pigs, beef cattle and broilers, in millions; is the feeding cycle, days; Y dung,o for o Type: The feces production rate of human population or livestock or poultry, t / piece / day, dimensionless; Y urine,o for o Type: urine production rate of human population or livestock or poultry, t / piece / day, dimensionless; (4) Urban garden waste biomass refers to the waste generated during the pruning of urban gardens. The calculation formula for the amount of biomass resources generated is as follows: （6）; in, P g Production of garden pruning waste, Mt; A g is the urban green area, million ha; r g is the pruning waste output coefficient for urban green space, t / ha; (5) Construction organic waste biomass refers to the wood waste biomass generated during the construction, demolition and decoration of buildings. The calculation formula for the amount of biomass resources generated is as follows: （7）; in, P woody is the output of organic waste from construction waste, Mt; A 1c is the building area, million m 2 ; C 1w is the waste output coefficient during the construction process, t / m 2 ; r 1w P is the proportion of waste wood materials in the construction process, dimensionless; de is the ratio of building demolition area, dimensionless; C 2w is the waste output coefficient of the building demolition process, t / m 2 ; r 2w A is the proportion of wood materials in the building demolition process, dimensionless; 2c Residential and commercial building area, million m 2 ; C 3w is the waste output coefficient of the construction and decoration process, t / m 2 ; r 3w It is the proportion of waste wood materials in the construction and decoration process, dimensionless; (6) Waste oil, including waste cooking oil, rice bran oil and acid oil, the calculation formula for the amount of biomass resources generated is as follows: （8）; in, P oil is the waste oil production, Mt; P gutter is the consumption of edible vegetable oil, Mt; r gutter is the proportion of edible vegetable oil waste, dimensionless; P acid is the edible vegetable oil production, Mt; r acid is the acid oil production ratio, dimensionless; P rice is rice yield, Mt; r rice is the production ratio of rice bran oil, dimensionless; (7) Light industrial processing waste, including organic waste generated during the production of liquor, soy sauce, monosodium glutamate, pulp, and traditional Chinese medicine, the calculation formula for the amount of biomass resources generated is as follows: （9）; in, P industry Waste processed for light industry, Mt; P in,p is the output of light industrial products of type p, Mt; r in,p is the proportion of waste generated by light industrial processing of type p, dimensionless; (8) Domestic waste biomass refers to organic waste from domestic waste. The calculation formula for the amount of biomass resources generated is as follows: （10）; in, P trash is domestic organic waste, Mt; M trash The amount of domestic waste collected and transported, Mt; F trash is the proportion of organic waste in domestic garbage, dimensionless; (9) Sludge biomass refers to sludge waste. The calculation formula for the amount of biomass resources generated is as follows: （11）; in, P slag is sludge waste, Mt; M slag is the amount of sludge produced, Mt; (10) The amount of organic wastewater and the amount of biomass resources generated are calculated as follows: （12）; in, P water is the amount of organic wastewater, Mt; M wager is the amount of organic wastewater generated, Mt; (11) Energy plants refer to plants grown specifically for energy production, following the principle of not competing with grain for land. These energy plants are usually planted on marginal land and are divided into oil plants, starch plants, cellulose plants, and sugar plants. The calculation formula for the production of their biomass resources is as follows: （13）; in, P energy,i for i Type Energy plant production, Mt; A i for i Type Energy plant planting area, million ha; r energy,i for i Type Energy Plant Output Coefficient, t / ha; S2: According to the energy conversion path, the biomass energy utilization is converted and utilized in multiple paths to produce clean energy products; the clean energy products include biogas, biodiesel, ethanol, biochar, biohydrogen production, solid molded fuel, and biomass power generation; In step S2, the biomass energy utilization is combined with the conversion coefficient of different energy conversion paths to clean energy products to obtain the output of biomass energy conversion to clean energy products, and the formula is as follows: （14）; （15）; in, EP i,k for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Type of clean energy production, He i,k for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Type Clean Energy Calorific Value, Me i,k for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Type Clean energy production, γ i,k for i Types of biomass resources used for production k Type of clean energy proportion; PO i for i Type Biomass Resource Energy Utilization, f i,k for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Type of clean energy product conversion rate; S3: Based on the replacement of traditional fossil energy with clean energy products, establish energy-saving accounting system and carbon reduction accounting system for the whole life cycle of biomass energy conversion and utilization, and obtain energy-saving amount and carbon emission reduction amount of clean energy products converted from biomass energy; In step S3, the process of establishing an energy-saving accounting system to obtain energy-saving amounts includes: Based on the life cycle assessment method, the energy consumption of clean energy products converted from biomass energy is obtained by using the energy consumption coefficient of the entire life cycle of clean energy products; Replace traditional fossil energy with clean energy products, use the energy consumption coefficient of traditional fossil energy to obtain the energy consumption of biomass clean energy products replacing traditional fossil energy, and obtain the energy saving of biomass energy conversion clean energy products. The energy saving calculation formula is as follows: （16）; in, ES i,k The amount of energy saved by producing k types of clean energy products from i types of biomass resources, EP i,k Producing k types of clean energy output for i types of biomass resources, E i,k The full life cycle energy consumption of producing k types of clean energy products from i types of biomass resources, EIt k The full life cycle energy consumption of the corresponding traditional fossil energy replaced by the k-type clean energy products; Several parameters that affect energy saving calculation are calculated using the following formulas: （17）; （18）; （19）; in, Mt k for k Type Clean energy products replace the corresponding traditional fossil energy output, Mt; He i,k for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Type Clean energy calorific value, MJ / kg; Ht k for k Type: Calorific value of traditional fossil energy replaced by clean energy products, MJ / kg; F eg,k for k Type: Energy consumption of raw material mining of traditional fossil energy replaced by clean energy products, MJ / kg; F tg,k for k Type: Energy consumption of raw material collection and transportation of traditional fossil energy replaced by clean energy products, MJ / kg; F pg,k for k Type: Energy consumption in the production phase of traditional fossil energy replaced by clean energy products, MJ / kg; F dg,k The energy consumption of the transportation phase of the k-type clean energy product replacing the corresponding traditional fossil energy product, MJ / kg; F ee,k,i for i Type Biomass resource production k Type Clean energy product Energy consumption at the raw material planting stage, MJ / kg; F te,k,i for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Type Clean energy product Energy consumption in the raw material collection and transportation stage, MJ / kg; F pe,k,i for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Type: Energy consumption in the production stage of clean energy products, MJ / kg; F de,k,i for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Type Energy consumption in the transportation phase of clean energy products, MJ / kg; In step S3, the process of establishing a carbon reduction accounting system to obtain carbon emission reduction includes: Based on the life cycle assessment method, the carbon emission coefficient of the entire life cycle of clean energy products is used to obtain the carbon emission of clean energy products converted from biomass energy; Replace traditional fossil energy with clean energy products, use the carbon emission coefficient of traditional fossil energy to obtain the carbon emission of biomass clean energy products replacing traditional fossil energy, and obtain the carbon emission reduction of biomass energy conversion clean energy products. The calculation formula of carbon emission reduction is as follows: （20）; in, RGHG i,k for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Carbon emission reduction of clean energy products of type, GHGe i,k for i Type Biomass Resource Production k Carbon emissions of clean energy products over their entire life cycle, GHG k for k The carbon emissions of the corresponding traditional fossil energy replaced by the type of clean energy products throughout their life cycle; （21）; （22）; Among them, f eg,k Carbon emissions from the raw material mining phase of the traditional fossil energy corresponding to the replacement of type k clean energy products, kg / kg; f tg,k Carbon emissions from the collection and transportation of raw materials when k type clean energy products replace corresponding traditional fossil energy, kg / kg; f pg,k Carbon emissions from the production phase of the corresponding traditional fossil energy replaced by type k clean energy products, kg / kg; f dg,k Carbon emissions from the transportation phase of products where k type clean energy products replace corresponding traditional fossil energy, kg / kg; f ug,k Carbon emissions from the use phase of traditional fossil energy replaced by type k clean energy products, kg / kg; f ee,k,i Carbon emissions from the raw material planting stage of producing type k clean energy products from type i biomass resources, kg / kg; F te,k,i Carbon emissions from the collection and transportation of raw materials for the production of k-type clean energy products from i-type biomass resources, kg / kg; F pe,k,i Carbon emissions from the production of type k clean energy products from type i biomass resources, kg / kg; F de,k,i Carbon emissions from the transportation phase of producing k type of clean energy products from i type of biomass resources, kg / kg; F us,k,i Carbon emissions from the use phase of producing type k clean energy products from type i biomass resources, kg / kg.

2. An accounting system for energy conservation and carbon reduction of biomass multi-source and multi-path energy conversion and utilization, characterized by: Based on the system, the method described in claim 1 is calculated, including: A database establishment module is used to establish a database of biomass resources and biomass energy utilization from multiple sources; Biomass energy calculation module, used to calculate the amount of biomass energy utilization and the amount of production through multi-path conversion; The clean energy product calculation module is used to calculate the energy savings and carbon emission reductions when clean energy replaces traditional fossil energy.

3. The energy-saving and carbon-reducing accounting system for biomass multi-source and multi-path energy conversion and utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The biomass energy calculation module includes a biomass energy utilization calculation submodule and a biomass clean energy product generation calculation submodule, which are used to calculate the biomass energy utilization and clean energy product generation respectively.

4. The energy-saving and carbon-reducing accounting system for biomass multi-source and multi-path energy conversion and utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The clean energy product calculation module includes a clean energy product energy saving calculation submodule and a clean energy product carbon emission reduction calculation submodule, and both the clean energy product energy saving calculation submodule and the clean energy product carbon emission reduction calculation submodule include new energy alternative carbon emission units and traditional fossil energy carbon emission units.

5. An electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, characterized in that: Computer instructions are stored in the memory, and the processor is used to run the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the steps of the accounting method for energy saving and carbon reduction of multi-source and multi-path energy conversion and utilization of biomass as described in claim 1.

6. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that: The computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the steps of the method for calculating energy conservation and carbon reduction through multi-source and multi-path energy conversion and utilization of biomass as described in claim 1.

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