Filtering device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of water quality testing technology, and more particularly to a filtration device. The filtration device includes: a first connecting pipe; a filter, the outlet of which is connected to the first connecting pipe; a suction device including a suction cylinder and a piston rod; a frame body including a fixed frame and a push plate, the fixed frame being connected to the suction cylinder, the push plate being slidably mounted on the fixed frame, and the push plate being connected to the second end of the piston rod; and a rocker arm including a screw and a lever arm, the screw passing through the fixed frame and threadedly connected to it, the first end of the screw being rotatably connected to the push plate, and a transmission unit being provided on the lever arm, the transmission unit being connected to the second end of the screw. The transmission unit is configured to disengage the screw from the lever arm when the rotational torque of the lever arm exceeds a preset torque. By controlling the maximum rotational torque applied to the lever arm through the transmission unit, filter penetration caused by excessive filtration pressure is avoided, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water quality testing technology, and in particular to a filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] Water quality monitoring is a crucial component of environmental engineering. In the fields of water quality monitoring and environmental protection, the monitoring of water quality in oceans, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs has always been a key focus. In many cases, it is necessary to collect and preserve water samples before returning them to the laboratory for analysis. During the time between collection and analysis, various water samples undergo changes in physical parameters and chemical components due to altered environmental conditions, microbial metabolism, and chemical reactions. This places high demands on sample preservation and pretreatment. Existing sample preservation devices cannot meet the requirements for water quality preservation; even at low temperatures, microbial degradation during sample preservation and transportation can still cause changes in water quality indicators.

[0003] Currently, some water quality monitoring methods use filtration devices to separate soluble and insoluble substances (including microorganisms) in samples, and then process the separated substances accordingly to facilitate sample testing, thereby obtaining more accurate data.

[0004] However, for wastewater with high viscosity and high turbidity (such as wastewater from activated sludge biological treatment tanks and hot hydrolysis digestion liquids), solid-liquid separation is difficult, and excessively high filtration pressure may lead to filter breakage, causing insoluble substances to escape into the filtered liquid and interfere with the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, this application provides a filtration device to solve the problems in the related art where solid-liquid separation is difficult for high-viscosity, high-turbidity wastewater, and excessively high filtration pressure may lead to filter breakage and interfere with the detection results.

[0006] This application provides a filtration device, comprising:

[0007] First connecting pipe;

[0008] The filter has its outlet connected to the first connecting pipe.

[0009] A suction device includes a suction cylinder and a piston rod. The suction cylinder is connected to the inlet of the filter, and the first end of the piston rod extends into the interior of the suction cylinder and is slidably connected to the suction cylinder.

[0010] The main frame includes a fixed frame and a push plate. The fixed frame is connected to the suction cylinder, and the push plate is slidably mounted on the fixed frame. The push plate is connected to the second end of the piston rod.

[0011] The rocker arm includes a screw and a lever arm. The screw passes through a fixed frame and is threadedly connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the screw is rotatably connected to a push plate. A transmission unit is provided on the lever arm and is connected to the second end of the screw. The transmission unit is configured to control the screw to disengage from the lever arm when the rotational torque of the lever arm is greater than a preset torque.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the transmission unit includes a torque gear, a torque latch, an elastic element, and a transmission shaft. The torque gear is rotatably mounted on a lever arm and fixedly connected to the second end of a screw. The torque latch engages with the torque gear. The elastic element is connected between the torque latch and the end of the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft is configured to compress the elastic element to set a preset torque.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a threaded guide rail is provided on the lever arm, and the drive shaft passes through the threaded guide rail and is threadedly connected to the threaded guide rail.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the lever arm is positioned on the side of the threaded guide rail with a scale.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the filter includes a filter housing, a first filter membrane, a second filter membrane, and a support. The two ends of the filter housing are respectively connected to a first connecting pipe and a suction device. The first filter membrane, the second filter membrane, and the support are all detachably installed inside the filter housing. The first filter membrane is located on the side of the support facing the suction device, and the second filter membrane is located on the side of the support facing the first connecting pipe. The pore size of the first filter membrane is larger than that of the second filter membrane.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the fixing frame includes a first support member, two guide rails, and a second support member. The suction cylinder is connected to the first support member. The two ends of the first support member are respectively connected to the first ends of the two guide rails. The second ends of the two guide rails are respectively connected to the two ends of the second support member. The screw passes through the second support member and is threadedly connected to the second support member. The two ends of the push plate are slidably connected to the two guide rails.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the main frame also includes a support frame, a second support member is connected to the support frame, and a screw is installed through the support frame.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the rocker arm also includes a handle, the end of which is rotatably mounted on the end of the lever arm away from the screw.

[0019] In one possible implementation, a switch is mounted on the first connecting pipe, and the switch is configured to control the connection state of the first connecting pipe.

[0020] In one possible implementation, there are multiple first connecting pipes, filters, and suction devices, with each filter corresponding to one first connecting pipe and one suction device, and the multiple suction devices being connected to the frame body respectively.

[0021] The filtration device provided in this application includes a first connecting pipe, a filter, a suction device, a frame body, and a rocker arm. The suction device can extract samples to be tested. Operators can operate the rocker arm to apply force to the frame body, causing the frame body to expel the sample from the suction device, which is then filtered through the filter. The rocker arm includes a screw and a lever arm. A transmission unit on the lever arm is connected to the second end of the screw. The transmission unit can control the screw to disengage from the lever arm when the rotational torque of the lever arm exceeds a preset torque. In this way, by controlling the maximum rotational torque applied to the lever arm through the transmission unit, filter penetration caused by excessive filtration pressure is avoided, ensuring that insoluble substances in the sample do not escape into the filtered liquid, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filtration device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first filter membrane provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rocker arm provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the rocker arm provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 Force analysis diagram of torque lock provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the error between different samples and the original sample provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the error between the filtered sample and the original sample provided by the filtering device in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 100. First connecting pipe; 110. Switching component;

[0032] 200, Filter; 210, Filter housing; 211, First housing; 212, Second housing; 220, First filter membrane; 230, Second filter membrane; 240, Support;

[0033] 300. Suction device; 310. Suction cylinder; 320. Piston rod; 330. Second connecting pipe;

[0034] 400. Frame body; 410. Fixing frame; 411. First support component; 412. Guide rail; 413. Second support component; 414. Support frame; 420. Push plate;

[0035] 500, rocker arm; 510, screw; 520, lever arm; 521, threaded guide rail; 522, scale; 530, transmission unit; 531, torque gear; 532, torque lock; 533, elastic element; 534, drive shaft; 540, handle. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0039] The terms “first,” “second,” and “third” (if any) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or display that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or display.

[0041] In existing technologies, some water quality monitoring methods use filtration devices to separate soluble and insoluble substances (including microorganisms) in samples, and then process the separated substances accordingly for sample testing, thus obtaining more accurate data. However, for high-viscosity, high-turbidity wastewater (such as wastewater from activated sludge biological treatment tanks, hot hydrolysis digestion liquids, etc.), solid-liquid separation is difficult, and excessively high filtration pressure may lead to filter breakage, where insoluble substances in the sample break through the filter device under filtration pressure and enter the filtered liquid, interfering with the test results.

[0042] In existing technologies, another method involves sample pretreatment, which involves simple precipitation separation followed by the addition of a preservative. However, this pretreatment method is complex, and the preservative may affect the water quality concentration of the sample, potentially harming the microorganisms within it. Different preservatives are required for samples with different indicators; otherwise, the preservative may react with substances in the sample or with reagents used in the detection process, affecting the test results.

[0043] After repeated consideration and verification, the inventors discovered that if a suction device is used to extract the sample to be tested, the suction device can be connected to a filter. During the filtration process, a force can be applied to the suction device through the rocker arm and the frame body, causing the sample in the suction device to be forced out and flow through the filter. The filtration pressure can be controlled by controlling the torque applied by the rocker arm. The rocker arm includes a screw and a lever arm, and a transmission unit on the lever arm is connected to the screw. When the rotational torque of the lever arm exceeds a preset torque, the transmission unit controls the lever arm to disengage from the screw. By limiting the maximum rotational torque of the lever arm, filter penetration caused by excessive filtration pressure is avoided, ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0044] In view of this, the inventors designed a filtration device that connects a filter to a suction device, which in turn is connected to a frame body. A rocker arm is also connected to the frame body. The filtration pressure can be controlled by adjusting the rotational torque applied by the rocker arm. The screw of the rocker arm is connected to a transmission unit on the lever arm. When the rotational torque of the lever arm exceeds a preset torque, the transmission unit controls the screw to disengage from the lever arm, preventing filter breakage due to excessive filtration pressure and ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0045] The technical solution of the filtration device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-4 As shown, the filtration device provided in this embodiment includes a first connecting pipe 100, a filter 200, a suction device 300, a frame body 400, and a rocker arm 500. The outlet of the filter 200 is connected to the first connecting pipe 100. The suction device 300 includes a suction cylinder 310 and a piston rod 320. The suction cylinder 310 is connected to the inlet of the filter 200, and the first end of the piston rod 320 extends into the interior of the suction cylinder 310 and is slidably connected to the suction cylinder 310. The frame body 400 includes a fixing frame 410 and a push plate 420. The fixing frame 410 is connected to the suction cylinder 310, and the push plate 420 is slidably mounted on the fixing frame 410 and connected to the second end of the piston rod 320. The rocker arm 500 includes a screw 510 and a lever arm 520. The screw 510 passes through the fixing frame 410 and is threadedly connected to the fixing frame 410, and the first end of the screw 510 is rotatably connected to the push plate 420. A transmission unit 530 is provided on the lever arm 520, and the transmission unit 530 is connected to the second end of the screw 510. The transmission unit 530 is configured to control the screw 510 to disengage from the lever arm 520 when the rotational torque of the lever arm 520 is greater than a preset torque.

[0047] For example, a flexible connecting tube can be used as the first connecting tube 100. One end of the first connecting tube 100 is connected to the outlet of the filter 200. During filtration, the end of the first connecting tube 100 away from the filter 200 can be connected to a collection device to collect the filtered liquid. The first connecting tube 100 acts as a bridge, flexibly connecting to the filter 200 to ensure smooth sample filtration. The first connecting tube 100 can resist the influence of microorganisms and contaminants on the liquid in the first connecting tube 100, ensuring that the liquid is not subject to secondary contamination during flow. Illustratively, the filter 200 is provided with a filter membrane, which can intercept insoluble substances in the sample when the sample flows through the filter 200.

[0048] Understandably, when the piston rod 320 slides relative to the suction cylinder 310, the suction device 300 can draw the sample into the suction cylinder 310 or expel the sample from inside the suction cylinder 310. In one possible implementation, the suction cylinder 310 can be made of a transparent material, and scribe lines can be provided on the side wall of the suction cylinder 310 to achieve quantitative sample extraction.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the suction cylinder 310 can be detachably connected to the fixed frame 410 via a snap-fit ​​connection, and the second end of the piston rod 320 can be detachably connected to the push plate 420 via a snap-fit ​​connection. When the push plate 420 slides relative to the fixed frame 410, it can drive the piston rod 320 to slide synchronously relative to the suction cylinder 310. Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the suction cylinder 310 can be connected to the liquid inlet of the filter 200 through the second connecting pipe 330.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, for example, the length direction of the screw 510 can be perpendicular to the length direction of the lever arm 520. When the screw 510 rotates relative to the fixed frame 410, it can move axially relative to the fixed frame 410. In one possible implementation, the first end of the screw 510 can be rotatably connected to the push plate 420 via a bearing.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the transmission unit 530 can be located at the end of the lever arm 520. When the operator operates the rocker arm 500, applying an external force to the end of the lever arm 520 away from the screw 510 can drive the screw 510 to rotate relative to the fixed frame 410. The length of the lever arm 520 can be set as needed and is not limited here. When the transmission unit 530 controls the screw 510 to disengage from the lever arm 520 and the operator applies a force to the lever arm 520, this force causes the lever arm 520 to idle, preventing the force from being transmitted through the rocker arm 500 and the frame body 400 to the suction device 300, which could lead to excessive filtration pressure and filter breakage.

[0052] The filtration device provided in this embodiment can be used to filter high-turbidity wastewater, and then to perform water quality testing on the high-turbidity wastewater. The filtration device includes a first connecting pipe 100, a filter 200, a suction device 300, a frame body 400, and a rocker arm 500. The suction device 300 can extract the sample to be tested. The operator can operate the rocker arm 500 to apply force to the frame body 400, and the frame body 400 will press the sample out of the suction device 300, and filter the sample pressed out by the filtration device. The rocker arm 500 includes a screw 510 and a lever arm 520. The transmission unit 530 on the lever arm 520 is connected to the second end of the screw 510. The transmission unit 530 can control the screw 510 to disengage from the lever arm 520 when the rotational torque of the lever arm 520 is greater than a preset torque. In this way, by controlling the maximum rotational torque applied by the lever arm 520 through the transmission unit 530, the phenomenon of filter penetration caused by excessive filtration pressure is avoided, ensuring that insoluble substances in the sample will not escape into the filtered liquid, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results and reducing the difficulty of operation for staff.

[0053] Furthermore, the filtration device provided in this embodiment can be manually operated by staff, avoiding energy consumption and the need for complex systems and cumbersome procedures. The aspiration device 300 allows control over the specific amount of sample filtered, and repeated filtration is possible. The filter 200 separates microorganisms from the liquid in the sample, ensuring high detection accuracy without the addition of preservatives. The filtration device provided in this embodiment is portable and applicable to a wide range of scenarios.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the transmission unit 530 includes a torque gear 531, a torque latch 532, an elastic element 533, and a transmission shaft 534. The torque gear 531 is rotatably mounted on the lever arm 520 and fixedly connected to the second end of the screw 510. The torque latch 532 engages with the torque gear 531. The elastic element 533 connects the torque latch 532 and the end of the transmission shaft 534. The transmission shaft 534 is configured to compress the elastic element 533 to set a preset torque.

[0055] For example, the torque gear 531 can be rotatably mounted on the lever arm 520 via a rotating shaft, and the screw 510 can be coaxially arranged with the torque gear 531 and fixed to the end face of the torque gear 531. Illustratively, when the lever arm 520 drives the screw 510 to rotate, the torque lock 532 engages with the torque gear 531 via an inclined surface. In one possible implementation, such as... Figure 4As shown, the torque lock 532 can be a trapezoidal block structure, that is, the two opposite sides of the torque lock 532 are inclined surfaces. The torque lock 532 can be embedded in any one of the tooth grooves of the torque gear 531, and the side of the torque lock 532 can abut against the teeth of the torque gear 531.

[0056] For example, a spring can be used as the elastic element 533, with its two ends connected to the torque lock 532 and the drive shaft 534, respectively. It is worth noting that the axis of the drive shaft 534 is parallel to the length direction of the lever arm 520, and the drive shaft 534 can move axially relative to the lever arm 520. By adjusting the position of the drive shaft 534 on the lever arm 520, the magnitude of the elastic force applied by the elastic element 533 to the torque lock 532 can be adjusted. The elastic force applied by the elastic element 533 can cause the torque lock 532 to engage in the tooth groove of the torque gear 531. Optionally, the lever arm 520 can have a chamber for accommodating the torque gear 531 and a groove for accommodating the elastic element 533. When the torque lock 532 engages in the tooth groove of the torque gear 531, a portion of the torque lock 532 can be located within the groove, limiting the torque gear 531 and allowing the lever arm 520 to drive the screw 510 to rotate.

[0057] With the above settings, when the rotational torque of the lever arm 520 is greater than the preset torque, in the extension and retraction direction of the elastic element 533, the torque gear 531 overcomes the elastic force of the elastic element 533 by applying a reaction force to the torque lock 532 through the inclined surface. In this way, the torque lock 532 disengages from the torque gear 531, and the lever arm 520 rotates freely relative to the screw 510, avoiding filter penetration due to excessive filtration pressure, ensuring the accuracy of the test results, and reducing the difficulty of operation for the staff.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a threaded guide rail 412 is provided on the lever arm 520, and the drive shaft 534 passes through the threaded guide rail 412 and is threadedly connected to the threaded guide rail 412.

[0059] Indicatively, the extension direction of the threaded guide rail 412 is parallel to the length direction of the lever arm 520, and the side wall of the drive shaft 534 is provided with external threads. When the drive shaft 534 rotates relative to the lever arm 520, it can move along the extension direction of the threaded guide rail 412.

[0060] This structure, through the cooperation between the drive shaft 534 and the threaded guide rail 412, converts the rotational motion of the drive shaft 534 into linear motion relative to the lever arm 520. This allows for more precise adjustment of the position of the drive shaft 534, thereby enabling more accurate adjustment of the elastic force applied to the torque lock 532 by the elastic element 533. After adjusting the position of the drive shaft 534 relative to the lever arm 520, the position of the drive shaft 534 can be locked through the threads on the threaded guide rail 412 and the drive shaft 534.

[0061] In other embodiments, the drive shaft 534 can be slidably mounted on the lever arm 520. When the drive shaft 534 slides relative to the lever arm 520 to a preset position, the drive shaft 534 can be locked onto the lever arm 520 by a locking member.

[0062] In a more specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the lever arm 520 is located on the side of the threaded guide rail 412 and has a scale 522.

[0063] Indicative, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the threaded guide rail 412 includes two opposing sidewalls, each with a thread. The drive shaft 534 is threadedly connected to the two sidewalls of the threaded guide rail 412. The portion of the drive shaft 534 located between the two sidewalls of the threaded guide rail 412 can protrude from the lever arm 520, facilitating the operator to rotate the drive shaft 534 and observe its position on the lever arm 520.

[0064] By setting a scale 522 on the lever arm 520, it is easier for the staff to determine the position of the drive shaft 534 on the lever arm 520 more accurately. The scale 522 can also indicate the maximum torque that the lever arm 520 can apply at the corresponding position of the drive shaft 534, so that the preset torque of the lever arm 520 can be set more accurately.

[0065] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the calculation method for the preset torque is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Where T is the preset torque (Nm); F is the elastic force applied by the elastic element 533 to the torque lock 532; η is the transmission efficiency; l is the lead of the screw 510; n is the number of samples filtered simultaneously; p min A represents the penetration pressure of a single filter membrane (where the penetration pressure of a 0.45μm filter membrane is 0.49MPa and the penetration pressure of a 0.22μm filter membrane is 0.45MPa); A is the filter membrane area.

[0068] According to Hooke's Law, the compression distance of the elastic element 533 can be calculated, which is the displacement s of the transmission shaft 534 corresponding to the scale 522:

[0069] s = F / K, where k is the elastic coefficient of elastic element 533 (N / m).

[0070] The elastic force F applied by the corresponding elastic element 533 to the torque lock 532 is: F = Ttanθ / L × 0.8, where θ is the angle between the side of the torque lock 532 and the length direction of the lever arm 520 (the specific angle is not limited, such as...). Figure 5 ), where L is the length of the lever arm 520.

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the filter 200 includes a filter housing 210, a first filter membrane 220, a second filter membrane 230, and a support 240. The two ends of the filter housing 210 are connected to a first connecting pipe 100 and a suction device 300, respectively. The first filter membrane 220, the second filter membrane 230, and the support 240 are all detachably installed inside the filter housing 210. The first filter membrane 220 is located on the side of the support 240 facing the suction device 300, and the second filter membrane 230 is located on the side of the support 240 facing the first connecting pipe 100. The pore size of the first filter membrane 220 is larger than the pore size of the second filter membrane 230.

[0072] For example, the filter housing 210 includes a first housing 211 and a second housing 212, which are interlocked. The first housing 211 is connected to the first connecting pipe 100, and the second housing 212 is connected to the second connecting pipe 330. The filter housing 210 can be cylindrical or cuboid, and its material can be plastic or stainless steel. When the filter housing 210 is cylindrical, the first housing 211 and the second housing 212 can be sealed by screwing them together. It is understood that the support 240 inside the filter housing 210 can support the first filter membrane 220 and the second filter membrane 230, ensuring that the first filter membrane 220 and the second filter membrane 230 can reliably filter the sample.

[0073] During the sample filtration process, the first filter membrane 220 first filters the sample to remove larger insoluble particles; the second filter membrane 230 then performs a second filtration on the sample after the first filtration to remove smaller insoluble particles. This setup achieves multi-stage filtration of the sample, reducing clogging of the filter membranes by insoluble substances in the sample, improving filtration efficiency, and ensuring the filtration effect.

[0074] Those skilled in the art can select appropriate first filter membrane 220 and second filter membrane 230 according to different sample types, sample storage times, and application scenarios. For example, for samples that need to be stored for a long time and have low turbidity, a 10μm filter membrane can be used as the first filter membrane 220 and a 0.22μm filter membrane as the second filter membrane 230 to ensure detection accuracy; for samples with high turbidity and requiring a long storage time, a 30μm filter membrane can be used as the first filter membrane 220 and a 0.22μm filter membrane as the second filter membrane 230 to balance filtration efficiency and detection accuracy; for samples with high turbidity and requiring a short storage time, a 30μm filter membrane can be used as the first filter membrane 220 and a 0.45μm filter membrane as the second filter membrane 230 to ensure that the filter 200 has a high filtration efficiency.

[0075] With the above setup, insoluble substances trapped by the first filter membrane 220 and the second filter membrane 230 can be preserved for subsequent testing. Operators can select the appropriate pore size for the first filter membrane 220 and the second filter membrane 230 based on the type of sample, balancing filtration efficiency and testing accuracy.

[0076] In other embodiments, there can be multiple filter membranes, and the specific number of filter membranes can be set as needed. During the filtration process, the sample sequentially passes through multiple filter membranes. In the flow direction of the sample, the pore size of the multiple filter membranes decreases progressively.

[0077] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fixing frame 410 includes a first support member 411, two guide rails 412, and a second support member 413. The suction cylinder 310 is connected to the first support member 411. The two ends of the first support member 411 are respectively connected to the first ends of the two guide rails 412, and the second ends of the two guide rails 412 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second support member 413. The screw 510 passes through the second support member 413 and is threadedly connected to the second support member 413. The two ends of the push plate 420 are slidably connected to the two guide rails 412.

[0078] The suction cylinder 310 of the suction device 300 can be detachably mounted on the first support member 411 via a snap-fit ​​connection. Schematic, the length direction of the first support member 411 is perpendicular to the length direction of each guide rail 412, and the length direction of the first support member 411 is parallel to the length direction of the second support member 413. That is to say, the first support member 411, the two guide rails 412, and the second support member 413 define a rectangular frame structure. When the screw 510 rotates relative to the second support member 413, the length of the portion of the screw 510 extending into the rectangular frame structure can be adjusted. Figure 1 As shown, the push plate 420 is located between the first support member 411 and the second support member 413, and each guide rail 412 passes through the push plate 420 and is slidably connected to the push plate 420.

[0079] With the above settings, during the rotation of the screw 510 relative to the fixed frame 410, the guide rail 412 allows the push plate 420 to slide smoothly relative to the fixed frame 410, so that the staff can smoothly press out the sample from the suction device 300 through the frame body 400 and the rocker arm 500.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the frame body 400 also includes a support frame 414, a second support member 413 is connected to the support frame 414, and a screw 510 is set through the support frame 414.

[0081] Schematic illustration: A triangular bracket 240 can be used as a support frame 414, one side of which is fixedly connected to a second support member 413. A screw 510 can pass through a corner of the triangular bracket 240 opposite to the second support member 413. Exemplarily, the screw 510 passes through the support frame 414 and the fixing frame 410 and is threadedly connected to both the support frame 414 and the fixing frame 410 respectively.

[0082] This structure, by setting the support frame 414, can improve the structural strength of the fixed frame 410 and prevent the second support member 413 of the fixed frame 410 from bending and deforming when the screw 510 rotates relative to the fixed frame 410.

[0083] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the rocker arm 500 also includes a handle 540, the end of which is rotatably mounted on the end of the lever arm 520 away from the screw 510.

[0084] For example, the handle 540 can be a columnar structure that can be rotatably mounted on the end of the lever arm 520 away from the screw 510 via a pivot. When the operator uses the filter device to filter samples, they can hold the handle 540 and rotate the lever arm 520 to apply torque to the lever arm 520, making it easier for the operator to operate.

[0085] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a switch 110 is installed on the first connecting pipe 100, and the switch 110 is configured to control the connection state of the first connecting pipe 100.

[0086] In this embodiment, a valve or a water-stop ring can be used as the switching element 110. The specific structure of the switching element 110 is not limited in this embodiment; those skilled in the art can select a suitable switching element 110 as needed. During the sample filtration process, the switching element 110 is opened, allowing the sample filtered by the filter 200 to flow to the collection device through the first connecting pipe 100. After filtration, the switching element 110 is closed to prevent contamination of the filtered sample and ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0087] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple first connecting pipes 100, filters 200 and suction devices 300. Each filter 200 corresponds to one first connecting pipe 100 and one suction device 300. Multiple suction devices 300 are connected to the frame body 400.

[0088] In this embodiment, the suction cylinder 310 of each suction device 300 is detachably connected to the fixing frame 410, and the piston rod 320 of each suction device 300 is detachably connected to the push plate 420. In this embodiment, the number of first connecting pipes 100, the number of filters 200, and the number of suction devices 300 are the same, and multiple first connecting pipes 100, multiple filters 200, and multiple suction devices 300 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. This embodiment does not limit the number of first connecting pipes 100, the number of filters 200, and the number of suction devices 300. For example, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the number of first connecting pipes 100, filters 200, and suction devices 300 can all be three, and there is no unique limitation here.

[0089] With the above settings, the filtering device provided in this embodiment can filter multiple samples simultaneously, ensuring the consistency of filtering operations for multiple samples during the filtering process and reducing errors caused by the operation.

[0090] The following describes how to use the filtration device so that those skilled in the art can better understand the technical solution of this application.

[0091] Assemble the filter 200 and connect the filter 200 to the first connecting pipe 100.

[0092] The first connecting tube 100 is connected to the outlet of the filter 200. A switch 110 can be installed on the first connecting tube 100. After sample filtration, the switch 110 can be closed to prevent contamination of the filtered sample. The filter 200 is assembled, and inside the filter housing 210, there is a first filter membrane 220 and a second filter membrane 230. The sample passes through the first filter membrane 220 and then the second filter membrane 230 in the filter 200. The type of filter membrane in the filter 200 can be selected according to the sample type, sample storage time, and application scenario.

[0093] Use the suction device 300 to extract a preset volume of sample to be separated, connect the suction device 300 to the frame body 400, and connect the filter 200 to the suction device 300.

[0094] Specifically, the suction device 300 is taken out, and a preset volume of sample to be filtered is drawn using the suction device 300. The suction device 300 with the sample is fixed to the frame body 400, and the suction cylinder 310 of the suction device 300 is fixed to the fixing bracket 410. The piston rod 320 of the suction device 300 is connected to the push plate 420. The liquid inlet of the filter 200 is connected to the suction device 300 through the second connecting pipe 330.

[0095] Calculate the preset torque and operate the transmission unit 530 to set the preset torque.

[0096] Rotate the rocker arm 500, which drives the frame body 400 to push the sample out of the suction device 300. The filter 200 filters the sample flowing out of the suction device 300.

[0097] Specifically, based on the maximum permeation pressure of the filter membrane in filter 200 and the number of samples filtered simultaneously, the maximum torque required by the lever arm 520 during the filtration process is calculated. The drive shaft 534 on the lever arm 520 is operated and set to a preset torque. Specifically, the drive shaft 534 can be rotated to move relative to the lever arm 520 to a preset position along the extension direction of the threaded guide rail 412. The drive shaft 534 compresses the elastic element 533, causing the elastic element 533 to apply a preset amount of elastic force to the torque lock 532. Under the action of the elastic force of the elastic element 533, the torque lock 532 engages in the tooth groove of the torque gear 531.

[0098] The staff member holds the handle 540 and rotates the rocker arm 500. The lever arm 520 of the rocker arm 500 drives the screw 510 to rotate through the torque gear 531. The screw 510 moves towards the first support member 411 through the internal thread on the fixing frame 410. The screw 510 drives the push plate 420 to move towards the first support member 411 and squeezes the piston rod 320. The piston rod 320 squeezes the sample in the suction cylinder 310 out and filters it through the filter 200.

[0099] When the rotational torque of the lever arm 520 exceeds the preset torque, in the extension and retraction direction of the elastic element 533, the thrust of the torque gear 531 on the torque lock 532 exceeds the elastic force of the elastic element 533. Under the thrust of the torque gear 531, the torque lock 532 disengages from the torque gear 531, and the lever arm 520 rotates freely. This prevents filter breakage due to excessive filtration pressure and ensures that the sample does not cause errors in the test results due to the overflow of insoluble substances (such as microorganisms) during the filtration process.

[0100] The calculation method for the preset torque can be found in the description above, and will not be repeated here.

[0101] Separately store the liquid filtered by filter 200 and the insoluble substances.

[0102] After filtering the sample using the filtration device, open filter 200 and remove the filter membrane. The first filter membrane 220 retains large suspended particles from the sample. The second filter membrane 230 retains small suspended particles and small microorganisms. The filter membranes and the retained substances can be stored separately for subsequent analysis. A collection device can be used to preserve the filtered liquid. After rinsing the first connecting tube 100 and the first housing 211, second housing 212, and support 240 of filter 200 with clean water and deionized water, store or install the filter membrane for the next sampling filtration.

[0103] Example 1

[0104] The filtration device provided in this application can be used to filter wastewater sampled on-site in the biochemical section of a wastewater treatment plant. One sample is filtered at a time, and the filtered sample is then transported to the laboratory for water quality analysis.

[0105] Sampling Preparation: Assemble the filtration device by connecting the first connecting tube 100 to the filter housing 210. Use a 30μm filter membrane as the first filter membrane 220 and a 0.22μm filter membrane as the second filter membrane 230. The first filter membrane 220 and the second filter membrane 230 are located on opposite sides of the support 240. Place the first filter membrane 220 closer to the second housing 212 and the second filter membrane 230 closer to the first housing 211. Place the first filter membrane 220, the support 240, and the second filter membrane 230 between the first housing 211 and the second housing 212, and seal the first housing 211 and the second housing 212 together.

[0106] Sample extraction and installation: Take out the suction device 300 and accurately extract a certain volume of the sample (water sample) to be separated as needed. Re-fix the suction device 300 with the sample to the frame body 400. The suction cylinder 310 is engaged with the first support member 411, and the piston rod 320, extending from one end of the suction cylinder 310, is engaged with the push plate 420. Connect the second housing 212 to the second connecting pipe 330.

[0107] Sample filtering: First, the maximum set torque, i.e. the preset torque, is calculated using the following formula, which is 52.8 Nm.

[0108]

[0109] Where T is the preset torque (Nm); F is the elastic force applied by the elastic element 533 to the torque lock 532; η is the transmission efficiency (0.9); l is the lead of the screw 510 (0.2m); n is the number of samples filtered simultaneously (1 in this embodiment); p min The minimum penetration pressure (Pa) for a single filter membrane is measured experimentally to be 0.49 MPa for a 0.45 μm filter membrane and 0.45 MPa for a 0.22 μm filter membrane. In this embodiment, the second filter membrane 230 is selected as a 0.22 μm filter membrane, therefore the minimum penetration pressure is 0.45 MPa; A is the filter membrane area (in this embodiment, the filter membrane area is 132.67 mm²). 2 ).

[0110] The displacement s of the drive shaft 534 corresponding to the scale 522 is calculated to be 1.6 cm using the following formula.

[0111] F = Ttanθ / L × 0.8

[0112] s = F / K

[0113] θ is the angle between the side of the torque lock 532 and the length direction of the lever arm 520. In this embodiment, θ = 30°; L is the length of the lever arm 520. In this embodiment, it is 10cm; K is the elastic coefficient of the elastic element 533. In this embodiment, it is 15000N / m.

[0114] Adjust the position of the drive shaft 534 according to the calculated displacement to set the maximum filtration pressure. Turn on the switch 110, and the torque is transmitted to the screw 510 through the handle 540 and the lever arm 520. The screw 510 drives the push plate 420 and the piston rod 320 connected to the push plate 420 to move, so that the sample stored in the suction device 300 is filtered through the filter 200.

[0115] Sample Preservation: After sample filtration, open filter 200, remove the first filter membrane 220 and the second filter membrane 230, and attach the two filter membranes with the sides containing insoluble substances (including microorganisms) facing each other. Place them in a clean 50ml centrifuge tube for subsequent microbial experiments. The filtered liquid is stored through a collection device. After rinsing the first connector and the first housing 211, second housing 212, and support 240 of filter 200 with clean water and deionized water, store them or install filter membranes for the next sampling filtration.

[0116] Using the filtration device provided in this embodiment, 36 ml of liquid can be filtered out from every 100 ml sample, indicating a fast filtration speed and simple operation. Figure 6 As shown, the water quality error was less than 2% after the filtered liquid was stored for 3 days.

[0117] Example 2

[0118] The filtration device provided in this embodiment is used to filter wastewater from a high-turbidity bioreactor in a laboratory. It filters three samples simultaneously at a time. In filter 200, the first filter membrane 220 is a 10μm membrane, and the second filter membrane 230 is a 0.45μm membrane. The samples are immediately subjected to water quality analysis after filtration.

[0119] Sampling Preparation: Assemble the filtration device by connecting the first connecting tube 100 to the filter housing 210. Use a 10μm filter membrane as the first filter membrane 220 and a 0.45μm filter membrane as the second filter membrane 230. The first filter membrane 220 and the second filter membrane 230 are located on opposite sides of the support 240. Place the first filter membrane 220 closer to the second housing 212 and the second filter membrane 230 closer to the first housing 211. Place the first filter membrane 220, the support 240, and the second filter membrane 230 between the first housing 211 and the second housing 212, and seal the first housing 211 and the second housing 212 together.

[0120] Sample extraction and installation: Using three suction devices 300, accurately extract three samples to be filtered as needed. Fix the three suction devices 300 with samples to the frame body 400 respectively. The suction cylinder 310 of each suction device 300 is engaged with the first support member 411, and one end of the piston rod 320 of each suction device 300 extending from the suction cylinder 310 is engaged with the push plate 420. Connect the second housing 212 to the second connecting pipe 330.

[0121] Sample filtering: First, the maximum set torque, i.e. the preset torque, is calculated using the following formula, which is 172.4 Nm.

[0122]

[0123] Where T is the preset torque (Nm); F is the elastic force applied by the elastic element 533 to the torque lock 532; η is the transmission efficiency (0.9); l is the lead of the screw 510 (0.2m); n is the number of samples filtered simultaneously (3 in this embodiment); p min The minimum penetration pressure (Pa) for a single filter membrane is measured experimentally to be 0.49 MPa for a 0.45 μm filter membrane and 0.45 MPa for a 0.22 μm filter membrane. In this embodiment, the second filter membrane 230 is selected as a 0.45 μm filter membrane, therefore the minimum penetration pressure is 0.49 MPa; A is the filter membrane area (in this embodiment, the filter membrane area is 132.665 mm²). 2 ).

[0124] The displacement s of the drive shaft 534 corresponding to the scale 522 is calculated to be 5.3 cm using the following formula.

[0125] F = Ttanθ / L × 0.8

[0126] s = F / K

[0127] θ is the angle between the side of the torque lock 532 and the length direction of the lever arm 520. In this embodiment, θ = 30°; L is the length of the lever arm 520. In this embodiment, it is 10cm; K is the elastic coefficient of the elastic element 533. In this embodiment, it is 15000N / m.

[0128] Adjust the position of the drive shaft 534 according to the calculated displacement to set the maximum filtration pressure. Turn on the switch 110, and the torque is transmitted to the screw 510 through the handle 540 and the lever arm 520. The screw 510 drives the push plate 420 and the piston rod 320 connected to the push plate 420 to move, so that the sample stored in the suction device 300 is filtered through the filter 200.

[0129] Sample Preservation: After sample filtration, open filter 200, remove the first filter membrane 220 and the second filter membrane 230, and attach the two filter membranes with the sides containing insoluble substances (including microorganisms) facing each other. Place them in a clean 50ml centrifuge tube for subsequent microbial experiments. The filtered liquid is stored through a collection device. After rinsing the first connector and the first housing 211, second housing 212, and support 240 of filter 200 with clean water and deionized water, store them or install filter membranes for the next sampling filtration.

[0130] The filtration device provided in this embodiment can filter three samples at a time, extracting 60 ml of liquid from every 100 ml of sample. It offers fast filtration and simple operation. Samples are measured immediately after filtration to avoid errors caused by sample storage. Figure 7As shown, even if the sample is stored at room temperature for 3 days before measurement, the error can still be guaranteed to be below 5%. The retained insoluble substances can be directly used for SS (Suspended Solids), VSS (Volatile Suspended Solids), and microbial analysis.

[0131] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A filtration device, characterized in that, include: First connecting pipe; A filter, wherein the outlet of the filter is connected to the first connecting pipe; A suction device includes a suction cylinder and a piston rod. The suction cylinder is connected to the liquid inlet of the filter, and the first end of the piston rod extends into the interior of the suction cylinder and is slidably connected to the suction cylinder. The frame body includes a fixed frame and a push plate. The fixed frame is connected to the suction cylinder, and the push plate is slidably mounted on the fixed frame. The push plate is connected to the second end of the piston rod. A rocker arm includes a screw and a lever arm. The screw passes through the fixed frame and is threadedly connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the screw is rotatably connected to the push plate. A transmission unit is provided on the lever arm. The transmission unit is connected to the second end of the screw. The transmission unit is configured to control the screw to disengage from the lever arm when the rotational torque of the lever arm is greater than a preset torque.

2. The filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission unit includes a torque gear, a torque lock, an elastic element, and a transmission shaft. The torque gear is rotatably mounted on the lever arm and fixedly connected to the second end of the screw. The torque lock engages with the torque gear. The elastic element is connected between the torque lock and the end of the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft is configured to compress the elastic element to set the preset torque.

3. The filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lever arm is provided with a threaded guide rail, and the transmission shaft passes through the threaded guide rail and is threadedly connected to the threaded guide rail.

4. The filtration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lever arm is located on the side of the threaded guide rail and is marked with a scale.

5. The filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter includes a filter housing, a first filter membrane, a second filter membrane, and a support. The two ends of the filter housing are respectively connected to the first connecting pipe and the suction device. The first filter membrane, the second filter membrane, and the support are all detachably installed inside the filter housing. The first filter membrane is located on the side of the support facing the suction device, and the second filter membrane is located on the side of the support facing the first connecting pipe. The pore size of the first filter membrane is larger than that of the second filter membrane.

6. The filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing frame includes a first support member, two guide rails, and a second support member. The suction cylinder is connected to the first support member. The two ends of the first support member are respectively connected to the first ends of the two guide rails. The second ends of the two guide rails are respectively connected to the two ends of the second support member. The screw passes through the second support member and is threadedly connected to the second support member. The two ends of the push plate are slidably connected to the two guide rails.

7. The filtration device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main frame also includes a support frame, the second support member is connected to the support frame, and the screw passes through the support frame.

8. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The rocker arm also includes a handle, the end of which is rotatably mounted on the end of the lever arm away from the screw.

9. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, A switch is installed on the first connecting pipe, and the switch is configured to control the connection state of the first connecting pipe.

10. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, There are multiple first connecting pipes, filters, and suction devices. Each filter corresponds to one first connecting pipe and one suction device, and the multiple suction devices are connected to the frame body.

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