Construction method of quick installation anchor rod by drilling, anchoring and grouting

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a drilling and anchoring rapid installation anchor rod construction method, the drilling and anchoring rapid installation anchor rod construction method, including installing anchor rod on anchor rod construction device, anchor rod construction device drives anchor rod to rotate along first direction and carries out drilling to surrounding rock, until anchor rod drills to specified depth, completes drilling, anchor rod construction device drives anchor rod to rotate along second direction, second direction is opposite to first direction, nut component is set on the rod body of anchor rod, nut component moves towards the direction of resistance increasing assembly, until one end of resistance increasing assembly extends into surrounding rock, to fix anchor rod on surrounding rock, anchor rod construction device drives anchor rod to rotate along second direction, under the action of anchor rod construction device, surrounding rock is subjected to pressure, anchor rod is stretched to realize pre-tightening, the drilling and anchoring rapid installation anchor rod construction method of the present application embodiment reduces the time of waiting for anchoring agent to solidify, improves construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining technology, specifically to a method for rapid installation of anchor bolts using drilling and anchoring. Background Technology

[0002] Rock bolt support is a reinforcement and support method used in surface engineering projects such as slopes and deep foundation pits, as well as underground chamber construction such as tunnels and mining areas. Rock bolt support can effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock. In related technologies, rock bolt support is often used for coal mine roadways. After drilling, the rock bolts are fixed by anchoring, and then a pre-tightening force is applied to the fixed rock bolts. However, before pre-tightening the rock bolts, it is necessary to wait for the anchoring agent to settle, which reduces construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention propose a method for rapid installation of anchor bolts via drilling and anchoring, reducing the time required for the anchoring agent to solidify and improving construction efficiency.

[0004] The drilling, anchoring, and grouting rapid installation method for anchor bolts according to embodiments of the present invention includes:

[0005] Install the anchor bolts onto the anchor bolt installation device;

[0006] The anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in the first direction to drill a hole in the surrounding rock until the anchor bolt is drilled to the specified depth, thus completing the drilling.

[0007] The anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction. The nut component is sleeved on the body of the anchor bolt. The nut component moves toward the resistance-increasing component until one end of the resistance-increasing component extends into the surrounding rock to fix the anchor bolt to the surrounding rock.

[0008] The anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in the second direction. Under the action of the anchor bolt construction device, the surrounding rock is subjected to pressure, and the anchor bolt is stretched to achieve pre-tightening.

[0009] The drilling and anchoring rapid installation method for anchor bolts in this embodiment of the invention reduces the time required for the anchoring agent to solidify and improves construction efficiency.

[0010] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt includes:

[0011] A rod body, wherein a first external thread section is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rod body;

[0012] The nut component includes a sleeve and a sealing component. The sealing component is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve and contains a filling medium. The sealing component is at least partially sleeved on the first external thread section. The electromagnet component is spaced apart from the rod body. The sealing component has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the electromagnet component is closed and the filling medium is liquid. In the second state, the electromagnet component is open and the filling medium is solid. The sealing component and the rod body are threaded together.

[0013] A resistance-increasing component is sleeved on the first external thread segment, and a preset gap is provided between the resistance-increasing component and the first external thread segment.

[0014] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in a first direction to drill a hole in the surrounding rock until the anchor bolt is drilled to a specified depth, including:

[0015] When the electromagnet component is turned off, the filling medium is liquid.

[0016] The anchor bolt construction device drives the bolt body to rotate in the first direction, and the sealing component deforms under the rotation of the bolt body.

[0017] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt installation device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in a second direction, and the nut component moves toward the resistance-increasing assembly, including:

[0018] The electromagnet component is activated, and the filling medium is solid.

[0019] The anchor bolt construction device drives the rod body to rotate in the second direction. The sealing component is threadedly engaged with the rod body. The rotational torque applied by the rod body to the sealing component is greater than the minimum torque required for the sealing component to move relative to the rod body. The sealing component moves toward the resistance-increasing assembly.

[0020] In some embodiments, after the anchor bolt is stretched to achieve pre-tightening, the construction method further includes: the anchor bolt construction device delivering anchoring agent into the interior of the anchor bolt and into the gap between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock.

[0021] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt installation device delivers anchoring agent into the interior of the anchor bolt and into the gap between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock, including:

[0022] A mixer with helical blades is installed inside the anchor bolt;

[0023] The anchoring agent is mixed evenly inside the anchor rod by the mixer and then flows into the gap between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock, anchoring the anchor rod and the surrounding rock together.

[0024] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt further includes a drive nut and a limiting nut, and a section of the rod body away from the sleeve and sealing member is provided with a second external thread section. The limiting nut is threaded onto the second external thread section of the rod body. The limiting nut has a first face and a second face that are opposite each other in the axial direction of the limiting nut. The drive nut has a first face and a second face that are opposite each other in the axial direction of the drive nut. The drive nut is threaded onto the rod body.

[0025] In some embodiments, when the anchor bolt construction device drives the rod body to rotate in the first direction, the anchor bolt construction device drives the drive nut to rotate in the first direction. The first surface of the drive nut abuts against the second surface of the limiting nut, and the rotational torque applied by the drive nut to the limiting nut is less than the rotational torque required for the limiting nut to rotate relative to the rod body. The limiting nut limits the movement of the drive nut toward the sealing component, and the drive nut drives the rod body to rotate in the first direction.

[0026] In some embodiments, when the anchor bolt installation device drives the rod body to rotate in the second direction, the anchor bolt installation device drives the drive nut to rotate in the second direction, and the drive nut applies a preload force to the rod body in the direction from the nut component toward the limiting nut.

[0027] In some embodiments, the sealing component includes a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring, and a leak-proof membrane. The first and second sealing rings are arranged at intervals relative to each other at both ends of the sleeve along the extension direction of the rod. The outer wall surfaces of the first and second sealing rings are connected to the inner wall surface of the sleeve. The first and second sealing rings have internal threads. The leak-proof membrane is connected to the first and second sealing rings respectively. The first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, and the leak-proof membrane form a filling space to accommodate the filling medium. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the drilling, anchoring, and grouting rapid installation method for anchor bolts according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor bolt in the drilling, anchoring, and grouting rapid installation anchor bolt construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the anchor rod in the drilling, anchoring, and grouting rapid installation anchor rod construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the nut component in the drilling, anchoring, and grouting rapid installation anchor bolt construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] Rod body 1, first external thread section 11, second external thread section 12, third connecting section 13, fourth connecting section 14, limiting nut 2, first face 21 of limiting nut, second face 22 of limiting nut, driving nut 3, first face 31 of driving nut, second face 32 of driving nut, first section 33 of driving nut, second section 34 of driving nut, mating hole 341, nut component 4, sleeve 41, sealing component 42, filling medium 421, first sealing ring 422, second sealing ring 423, leak-proof membrane 424, resistance increasing component 5, expansion plate 51, first cylinder 52, drill bit 6. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] The drilling, anchoring, and grouting rapid installation method for anchor bolts according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: installing the anchor bolt on an anchor bolt construction device; the anchor bolt construction device driving the anchor bolt to rotate in a first direction to drill a hole in the surrounding rock until the anchor bolt is drilled to a specified depth, thus completing the drilling; the anchor bolt construction device driving the anchor bolt to rotate in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction, a nut component being sleeved on the anchor bolt body, the nut component moving towards the direction of the resistance-increasing component until one end of the resistance-increasing component extends into the surrounding rock to fix the anchor bolt to the surrounding rock; the anchor bolt construction device driving the anchor bolt to rotate in the second direction, under the action of the anchor bolt construction device, the surrounding rock is subjected to pressure, and the anchor bolt is stretched to achieve pre-tightening.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, a nut component and a resistance-increasing component are provided at the end of the anchor rod away from the anchor rod construction device, that is, the nut component and the resistance-increasing component are provided at the left end of the anchor rod. After drilling is completed, the nut component moves to the right to squeeze the resistance-increasing component, so that the left end of the resistance-increasing component expands and extends into the surrounding rock, thereby fixing the anchor rod. The anchor rod construction device continues to drive the anchor rod to rotate in the second direction to pre-tighten the anchor rod.

[0037] Compared to related technologies where anchoring agent needs to be injected into the anchor rod and borehole after drilling is completed, and the anchor rod can only be pre-tightened after the anchoring agent has solidified, this embodiment uses a nut component and a resistance-increasing component to fix the anchor rod after drilling is completed. This reduces the time waiting for the anchoring agent slurry to solidify, significantly reduces construction time, achieves rapid installation of the anchor rod, and improves construction efficiency.

[0038] It is understood that the anchor bolt construction device in this embodiment can be an existing anchor bolt construction device, such as an anchor bolt construction device that combines a drilling assembly and an anchor injection assembly, or a multi-functional integrated anchor bolt construction device that integrates drilling, anchor injection and pre-tightening. As long as drilling and pre-tightening of the anchor bolt in this embodiment can be achieved, it falls within the protection scope of this invention.

[0039] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt includes an anchor bolt, a nut component 4, an electromagnet component, and a resistance-increasing assembly 5. A first external thread section 11 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rod body 1; the nut component 4 includes a sleeve 41 and a sealing component 42, the sealing component 42 being connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 41, and containing a filling medium 421. The sealing component 42 is at least partially fitted onto the first external thread section 11. The electromagnet component is spaced apart from the rod body 1. The sealing component 42 has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the electromagnet component is closed, and the filling medium 421 is liquid. In the second state, the electromagnet component is open, and the filling medium 421 is solid. The sealing component 42 and the rod body 1 are threadedly engaged; the resistance-increasing assembly 5 is fitted onto the first external thread section 11, and a preset gap is provided between the resistance-increasing assembly 5 and the first external thread section 11.

[0040] like Figures 2-3 As shown, the rod 1 extends in the left and right direction, and the left end of the rod 1 is provided with a first external thread section 11. The first external thread section 11 extends in the left and right direction, and the nut component 4 is sleeved on the first external thread section 11.

[0041] The quick-installation anchor rod also includes a drill bit 6. The right end of the drill bit 6 is connected to the left end of the rod body 1. The outer circumferential surface of the rod body 1 between the connection point of the drill bit 6 and the rod body 1 and the left end of the first external thread section 11 is a smooth outer circumferential surface, thereby reducing the friction between the nut component 4 and the rod body 1.

[0042] The inner wall of the sleeve 41 is connected to the outer wall of the sealing component 42. The sealing component 42 is located between the sleeve 41 and the first external thread section 11 of the rod 1. The sealing component 42 contains a filling medium 421, which can be a magnetorheological fluid.

[0043] The resistance-increasing component 5 is sleeved on the rod body 1. For example, the rod body 1 has a first external thread section 11, a third connecting section 13 and a fourth connecting section 14. The left end of the first connecting section is connected to the right end of the fourth connecting section 14, and the left end of the fourth connecting section 14 is connected to the drill bit 6. It can be understood that the radial dimension of the first external thread section 11 is smaller than the radial dimension of the third connecting section 13 of the rod body 1, thereby limiting the resistance-increasing component 5.

[0044] Optionally, the resistance-increasing component 5 includes an expansion plate 51 and a first cylinder 52. One end of the first cylinder 52 near the nut component 4 is connected to one end of the expansion plate 51. The expansion plate 51 is at least partially in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 41. The first cylinder 52 is sleeved on the first external thread section 11. A preset gap is provided between the inner wall surface of the first cylinder 52 and the outer wall surface of the rod 1, thereby preventing the first cylinder 52 from rotating when the rod 1 rotates. Alternatively, it can be understood as reducing the rotational torque generated by the rotation of the rod 1 on the first cylinder 52. The right end of the expansion plate 51 is connected to the outer wall surface of the first cylinder 52, and the expansion plate 51 is inclined to the left. Alternatively, the left end of the expansion plate 51 extends to the left, and the expansion plate 51 is arranged at an upward inclination.

[0045] For ease of description, let's define forward rotation as rotation along the first direction and reverse rotation as rotation along the second direction. When rod 1 rotates forward, sleeve 41 and sealing component 42 tend to move to the left. When rod 1 rotates in reverse, due to the activation of the electromagnet component, the filling medium 421 has a certain rigidity, or in other words, the filling medium 421 gives the sealing component 42 a certain rigidity, or in other words, the filling medium 421 gives the sealing component 42 a certain hardness. Thus, when rod 1 rotates in reverse, the first external thread segment 11 gives the sealing component 42 an internal thread that mates with the first external thread segment 11. Consequently, the sealing component 42 moves to the right, causing the left end of the expansion plate 51 to move upward. The sealing component 42 continues to move to the right, causing the expansion plate 51 to change from extending horizontally to extending vertically, thereby allowing the expansion plate 51 to extend into the soil or rock layer. Alternatively, it can be understood that the left end of the expansion plate 51 tilts away from rod 1 to quickly install and fix the anchor rod.

[0046] For example, there can be multiple expansion plates 51, which are spaced apart around the circumference of the first cylinder 52, thereby improving the stability of the drill-anchor-installed quick-installed anchor rod during fixing. In this embodiment, by setting the resistance-increasing component 5, the drill-anchor-installed quick-installed anchor rod can be fixed into the soil or rock layer when the rod body 1 is reversed and pre-tightened after drilling is completed, thus improving the stability of the drill-anchor-installed quick-installed anchor rod.

[0047] When the electromagnet component is closed, the filling medium 421 is liquid. When the sealing component 42 contacts the outer wall surface of the first external thread section 11, the part of the sealing component 42 in contact with the first external thread section 11 forms an internal thread. When the rod body 1 rotates clockwise, the sealing component 42 and the sleeve 41 tend to move from right to left. The outer wall surface of the first external thread section 11 contacts the inner wall surface of the sealing component 42. However, since the filling medium 421 is liquid, the rotation of the first external thread section 11 causes deformation of the inner wall surface of the sealing component 42, which in turn causes deformation of the inner wall surface of the sealing component 42, thereby reducing the height of the rod body. The rotational torque applied to the sealing component 42, although the sealing component 42 and the sleeve 41 tend to move from right to left, results in a smaller force on the nut component 4 to move to the left due to the smaller rotational torque applied to the sealing component 42 by the rod 1. Furthermore, the rod 1 rotates relative to the sealing component 42 and the sleeve 41 during drilling, thereby preventing the nut component 4 from getting stuck on the drill bit 6, or preventing the nut component 4 from getting stuck on the rod 1 between the right end of the drill bit 6 and the left end of the rod 1. That is, the rotational torque applied by the rod 1 to the sealing component 42 is greater than the minimum torque required for the sealing component 42 to move relative to the rod 1.

[0048] When the electromagnet component is turned on, the filling medium is solid, that is, the magnetorheological fluid is solid, meaning the magnetorheological fluid has a certain rigidity. After the sealing component 42 deforms to a certain extent, it no longer undergoes significant deformation. Consequently, the sealing component 42 and the first external thread section 11 are threaded together, and the sealing component 42 and the sleeve 41 move from left to right. That is, the sealing component 42 and the first external thread section 11 are in threaded contact, which in turn drives the sealing component 42 and the sleeve 41 to move from left to right. The drilling direction is from right to left, that is, when the rod 1 rotates, it drives the sealing component 42 to rotate. Due to the contact friction between the sleeve 41 and the coating, the sealing component 42 moves from left to right while being driven to rotate by the rod 1.

[0049] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in a first direction to drill a hole in the surrounding rock until the anchor bolt is drilled to a specified depth, including: turning off the electromagnet component, filling the medium as a liquid; the anchor bolt construction device drives the rod body to rotate in the first direction, and the sealing component deforms under the rotation of the rod body.

[0050] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in a second direction, and the nut component moves toward the resistance-increasing component, including: opening the electromagnet component, the filling medium being solid; the anchor bolt construction device driving the rod body to rotate in the second direction, the sealing component and the rod body being threadedly engaged, the rotational torque applied by the rod body to the sealing component being greater than the minimum torque required for the sealing component to move relative to the rod body, and the sealing component moving toward the resistance-increasing component.

[0051] In the construction method of the drill-anchor-injection quick-installation anchor rod of the present invention, during drilling, the electromagnet component is turned off, making the magnetic flux fluid liquid. The rod rotates clockwise during drilling, reducing the friction between the rod and the sealing component, thereby reducing the rotational torque applied by the rod to the sealing component. This prevents the nut component from moving to the left during drilling, which could cause the nut to lock with the rod. When the rod rotates counterclockwise, the electromagnet component is turned on to generate a magnetic field, which transforms the filling medium into a solid state. After the first external thread of the rod contacts the inner wall of the sealing component, the sealing component generates an internal thread under the action of the external thread. Since the magnetic flux fluid has a certain rigidity, the sealing component no longer undergoes large deformation after a certain degree of deformation. Therefore, the sealing component and the first external thread section adopt a threaded fit. Thus, the sealing component and the sleeve move from left to right, which avoids the sealing component moving to the left during drilling, which could cause the nut component to jam. Furthermore, while pre-tightening, the sealing component and the sleeve move to the right, thereby improving the stability of the drill-anchor-injection quick-installation anchor rod.

[0052] This invention, through different states of the sealing component when the anchor bolt installation device drives the anchor bolt to rotate forward and backward, allows for adjustments to the sealing component's state. During drilling, the filling medium within the sealing component remains liquid, and the anchor bolt installation device rotates the rod in a first direction, causing the nut component to move to the left away from the resistance-increasing component. When controlling the nut component to move towards the resistance-increasing component, or when pre-tightening the anchor bolt, the filling medium within the sealing component remains solid, and the anchor bolt installation device rotates the rod in a second direction, causing the nut component to move to the right to compress the resistance-increasing component and fix the drill-anchor-injection quick-installation anchor bolt, thereby improving the stability of the drill-anchor-injection quick-installation anchor bolt installation method.

[0053] In some embodiments, after the anchor bolt is stretched to achieve pre-tightening, the construction method further includes: the anchor bolt construction device delivering anchoring agent into the interior of the anchor bolt and into the gap between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, after the anchor bolt is pre-tightened, anchoring agent is introduced into the anchor bolt and the gap between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock. At this point, the anchor bolt is already fixed and pre-tightened under the action of the nut component and the resistance-increasing component, eliminating the need to wait for the anchoring agent to solidify before pre-tightening. This embodiment achieves an adjustment in the construction process by setting up the nut component and the resistance-increasing component, allowing the anchor bolt to be directly fixed and pre-tightened after drilling is completed, reducing the waiting time before pre-tightening and improving construction efficiency.

[0055] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt construction device delivers anchoring agent to the interior of the anchor bolt and the gap between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock, including: installing a mixer with helical blades inside the anchor bolt; the anchoring agent is mixed evenly inside the anchor bolt by the mixer and then flows into the gap between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock, anchoring the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock together.

[0056] In this embodiment, the support effect of the anchor bolt is improved by introducing anchoring agent into the anchor bolt and the gap between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock.

[0057] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt further includes a drive nut 3 and a limiting nut 2. A section of the rod body 1 away from the sleeve 41 and the sealing member 42 is provided with a second external thread section 12. The limiting nut 2 is threaded onto the second external thread section 12 of the rod body 1. The limiting nut 2 has a first surface and a second surface that are opposite each other in the axial direction. The drive nut 3 has a first surface and a second surface that are opposite each other in the axial direction. The drive nut 3 is threaded onto the rod body 1.

[0058] In some embodiments, when the anchor bolt construction device drives the rod body 1 to rotate in the first direction, the anchor bolt construction device drives the drive nut 3 to rotate in the first direction. The first surface 31 of the drive nut abuts against the second surface 22 of the limiting nut, and the rotational torque applied by the drive nut 3 to the limiting nut 2 is less than the rotational torque required for the limiting nut 2 to rotate relative to the rod body 1. The limiting nut 2 limits the drive nut 3 to move toward the sealing component 42, and the drive nut 3 drives the rod body 1 to rotate in the first direction.

[0059] The rod body 1 has a second external thread section 12. The left end of the second external thread section 12 is connected to the right end of the third connecting section. The limiting nut 2 and the driving nut 3 are sleeved on the second external thread section 12, and the limiting nut 2 is on the right side of the driving nut 3. The limiting nut 2 is set on the right end of the rod body 1 through threaded engagement. The first surface 21 of the limiting nut 2 is the right side surface, and the second surface 22 of the limiting nut 2 is the left side surface. The right side surface and the left side surface of the limiting nut 2 are opposite to each other in the left-right direction.

[0060] The driving nut 3 has a first surface 31 and a second surface 32 that are axially opposite each other. The driving nut 3 is threaded onto the rod 1. When the driving nut 3 rotates in a first direction, the first surface 31 of the driving nut abuts against the second surface 22 of the limiting nut 2, and the rotational torque applied by the driving nut 3 to the limiting nut 2 is less than the rotational torque required for the limiting nut 2 to rotate relative to the rod 1. This allows the limiting nut 2 to limit the movement of the driving nut 3 toward the left end of the rod 1, thereby causing the driving nut 3 to drive the rod 1 to rotate in the first direction. The first surface 31 of the driving nut 3 is the right side surface, and the second surface 32 of the driving nut 3 is the left side surface. The right and left sides of the driving nut 3 are opposite each other in the left-right direction. The driving nut 3 is threaded onto the rod 1 and is located to the left of the limiting nut 2.

[0061] When the drive nut 3 rotates in the first direction, the drive nut 3 moves to the right, causing the first surface 31 of the drive nut to abut against the second surface 22 of the limit nut 2. At this time, the rotational torque generated between the first surface 31 of the drive nut and the second surface 22 of the limit nut 2 due to friction is less than the rotational torque required for the limit nut 2 to rotate relative to the rod 1. The limit nut 2 does not rotate relative to the rod 1, and the drive nut 3 is blocked by the limit nut 2 and cannot move to the right, thereby causing the rod 1 to rotate with the drive nut 3 in the first direction.

[0062] In this embodiment, the limiting nut 2 stops the driving nut 3, causing the driving nut 3 to drive the rod 1 to rotate, thereby realizing the function of rotating the rod 1 to drill holes. This facilitates drilling of the anchor bolt construction device and eliminates the need to change the strength of the anchor bolt through drilling and grouting. It features a simple structure, low cost, and stable performance, thus improving the construction efficiency of the construction method.

[0063] In some embodiments, when the anchor bolt installation device drives the rod body to rotate in the second direction, the anchor bolt installation device drives the drive nut to rotate in the second direction, and the drive nut applies a preload force to the rod body in the direction from the nut component toward the limiting nut.

[0064] In this embodiment, the drive nut 3 reverses direction. Since the reverse direction is opposite to the forward direction, the drive nut 3 moves to the left along the rod 1. However, since the drive nut 3 is located on the drill-anchor-grout quick-installation anchor bolt device, it cannot move to the left. Therefore, it drives the rod 1 to move from left to right relative to the drive nut 3. Because the rod 1 is fixed inside the borehole and cannot move, the drive nut 3 applies a pre-tightening force to the rod 1 from left to right, thus pre-tightening the rod 1. According to the construction method of the drill-anchor-grout quick-installation anchor bolt according to this embodiment, the reverse rotation of the drive nut 3 first causes the nut component to move to the right to compress the resistance-increasing component to fix the anchor bolt. Then, the drive nut continues to rotate in the reverse direction to generate a pre-tightening force on the anchor bolt, applying pre-tightening to the rod 1. The operation steps are simple and can improve the construction efficiency of the construction method.

[0065] In some embodiments, the sealing component 42 includes a first sealing ring 422, a second sealing ring 423, and a leak-proof membrane 424. The first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 are arranged at opposite intervals at both ends of the sleeve 41 along the extension direction of the rod 1. The outer wall surfaces of the first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 are connected to the inner wall surface of the sleeve 41. The first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 have internal threads. The leak-proof membrane 424 is connected to the first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 respectively. The first sealing ring 422, the second sealing ring 423, and the leak-proof membrane 424 form a filling space to accommodate the filling medium 421.

[0066] like Figure 4As shown, the first sealing ring 422 is located at the left end of the inner wall of the sleeve 41, and the second sealing ring 423 is located at the right end of the inner wall of the sleeve 41. Both the first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 have internal threads that mate with the first external thread section 11. The outer wall of the first sealing ring 422 is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 41, and the outer wall of the second sealing ring 423 is also connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 41. The left end of the leak-proof membrane 424 is connected to the first sealing ring 422, and the right end of the leak-proof membrane 424 is connected to the second sealing ring 423. 422. The second sealing ring 423 and the leak-proof membrane 424 form a filling space to accommodate the filling medium 421. Alternatively, the leak-proof membrane 424 has a filling space to fill the medium 421. The leak-proof membrane 424 can be made of rubber, thus giving it a certain elasticity. When the filling medium 421 is liquid, the rod 1 rotates forward. At this time, the leak-proof membrane 424 deforms due to friction with the first external thread section 11, thereby reducing the friction between the leak-proof membrane 424 and the first external thread section 11.

[0067] After drilling is completed, the electromagnet component is turned on, the rod 1 is reversed, and the filling medium 421 becomes solid under the action of the magnetic field, which causes the leak-proof membrane 424 to deform and generate an internal thread that matches the external thread of the rod 1. Then the sealing component 42 and the sleeve 41 move to the right, which in turn squeezes the expansion plate 51 and fixes the drill anchor quick installation anchor rod in the drill hole.

[0068] Optionally, the sleeve 41 gradually increases in the radial direction of the rod body 1 away from the resistance-increasing component 5, so that the sleeve 41 gradually moves from left to right, which facilitates the gradual rightward movement of the sleeve 41 and facilitates the expansion plate 51 to unfold radially in the rod body 1, thereby fixing the drill-anchor-injection quick-installation anchor rod and improving the stability and safety of the drill-anchor-injection quick-installation anchor rod construction method.

[0069] For example, the dimensions of the first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 in the extension direction of the rod body 1 are A, and 3mm≤A≤8mm.

[0070] The construction method for quick-installation anchor rods using drilling and anchoring in this embodiment of the invention, by setting a first sealing ring 422, a second sealing ring 423, and a leak-proof membrane 424, avoids leakage of the filling medium 421 after filling, thus preventing the loss of the filling medium 421. The filling medium 421 can be a magnetorheological fluid, which facilitates the opening or closing of the electromagnet component to change the physical state of the filling medium 421. It also facilitates the movement of the sealing component 42 and the sleeve 41 to the right after the rod body 1 is reversed, so as to open the expansion plate 51 and fix the quick-installation anchor rod into the soil or rock layer, thereby improving the stability of the quick-installation anchor rod.

[0071] Optionally, one of the second surface of the limiting nut 2 and the first surface 31 of the driving nut is an inclined surface so that the second surface of the limiting nut 2 and the first surface 31 of the driving nut are in line contact when the driving nut 3 rotates clockwise. For example, the second surface of the limiting nut 2 is an inclined surface and the first surface 31 of the driving nut is a flat surface, or the first surface 31 of the driving nut is an inclined surface and the second surface of the limiting nut 2 is a flat surface. In this case, the contact between the second surface 22 of the limiting nut 2 and the first surface 31 of the driving nut is a line contact. When the driving nut 3 rotates in the first direction, the rotational torque generated by the second surface 22 of the limiting nut 2 and the first surface 31 of the driving nut is small and insufficient to cause the driving nut 3 to drive the limiting nut 2 to rotate in the first direction, thus preventing the driving nut 3 from moving to the right due to the obstruction of the limiting nut 2.

[0072] When the drive nut 3 rotates forward, the contact between the second surface 22 of the limit nut 2 and the first surface 31 of the drive nut 3 is a line contact, and the generated rotational torque is small, which is insufficient to make the drive nut 3 drive the limit nut 2 to rotate forward. As a result, the drive nut 3 is blocked by the limit nut 2 and cannot move to the right, which improves the stability and safety of the use of the drive nut 3 and the limit nut 2.

[0073] The driving nut 3 includes a first segment 33 and a second segment 34. The first segment 33 is the left segment, and the second segment 34 is the right segment. The first segment 33 and the second segment 34 are connected in the left-right direction. The center hole of the first segment 33 of the driving nut 3 is a threaded hole, and the center hole of the second segment 34 of the driving nut 3 is a mating hole 341. The threaded hole and the mating hole 341 are interconnected, and the diameter of the mating hole 341 is larger than the diameter of the threaded hole. A step is formed at the junction of the threaded hole and the mating hole 341. The step surface is the first surface 31 of the driving nut 3. A limiting nut 2 is fitted inside the mating hole 341. The left end face of the limiting nut 2 is the second surface 22 of the limiting nut 2. The first surface 31 of the driving nut and the second surface 22 of the limiting nut 2 are opposite each other in the left-right direction. The inner wall surface of the mating hole 341 is smooth to reduce friction, and there is a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the limiting nut 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the mating hole 341 to reduce the rotational torque generated on the limiting nut 2 when the driving nut 3 rotates in the first direction, thereby improving the safety of the drilling and anchoring quick installation anchor bolt construction method.

[0074] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0075] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0076] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0078] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0079] It is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid installation of anchor bolts using drilling and grouting, characterized in that, include: Install the anchor bolts onto the anchor bolt installation device; The anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in the first direction to drill a hole in the surrounding rock until the anchor bolt is drilled to the specified depth, thus completing the drilling. The anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction. The nut component is sleeved on the body of the anchor bolt. The nut component moves toward the resistance-increasing component until one end of the resistance-increasing component extends into the surrounding rock to fix the anchor bolt to the surrounding rock. The anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in the second direction. Under the action of the anchor bolt construction device, the surrounding rock is subjected to pressure, and the anchor bolt is stretched to achieve pre-tightening. The anchor bolt includes: A rod body, wherein a first external thread section is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rod body; The nut component includes a sleeve and a sealing component. The sealing component is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve and contains a filling medium. The sealing component is at least partially sleeved on the first external thread section. The electromagnet component is spaced apart from the rod body. The sealing component has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the electromagnet component is closed and the filling medium is liquid. In the second state, the electromagnet component is open and the filling medium is solid. The sealing component and the rod body are threaded together. A resistance-increasing component is sleeved on the first external thread segment, and a preset gap is provided between the resistance-increasing component and the first external thread segment. The anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in the first direction to drill a hole in the surrounding rock until the anchor bolt is drilled to a specified depth, including: When the electromagnet component is turned off, the filling medium is liquid. The anchor bolt construction device drives the bolt body to rotate in the first direction, and the sealing component deforms under the rotation of the bolt body. The anchor bolt construction device drives the anchor bolt to rotate in the second direction, and the nut component moves toward the resistance-increasing assembly, including: The electromagnet component is activated, and the filling medium is solid. The anchor bolt construction device drives the rod body to rotate in the second direction. The sealing component is threadedly engaged with the rod body. The rotational torque applied by the rod body to the sealing component is greater than the minimum torque required for the sealing component to move relative to the rod body. The sealing component moves toward the resistance-increasing assembly. The anchor bolt also includes a drive nut and a limiting nut. A section of the rod body away from the sleeve and the sealing component is provided with a second external thread section. The limiting nut is threaded onto the second external thread section of the rod body. The limiting nut has a first face and a second face that are opposite each other in the axial direction. The drive nut has a first face and a second face that are opposite each other in the axial direction. The drive nut is threaded onto the rod body.

2. The drilling, anchoring, and grouting method for rapid installation of anchor bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the anchor bolt is stretched to achieve pre-tightening, the construction method further includes: the anchor bolt construction device delivering anchoring agent into the interior of the anchor bolt and into the gap between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock.

3. The drilling, anchoring, and grouting method for rapid installation of anchor bolts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anchor bolt construction device delivers anchoring agent into the interior of the anchor bolt and into the gap between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock, including: A mixer with helical blades is installed inside the anchor bolt; The anchoring agent is mixed evenly inside the anchor rod by the mixer and then flows into the gap between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock, anchoring the anchor rod and the surrounding rock together.

4. The drilling, anchoring, and grouting method for rapid installation of anchor bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the anchor bolt construction device drives the rod body to rotate in the first direction, the anchor bolt construction device drives the drive nut to rotate in the first direction. The first surface of the drive nut abuts against the second surface of the limiting nut, and the rotational torque applied by the drive nut to the limiting nut is less than the rotational torque required for the limiting nut to rotate relative to the rod body. The limiting nut limits the movement of the drive nut toward the sealing component, and the drive nut drives the rod body to rotate in the first direction.

5. The drilling and anchoring rapid installation method for anchor bolts according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the anchor bolt construction device drives the rod body to rotate in the second direction, the anchor bolt construction device drives the drive nut to rotate in the second direction, and the drive nut applies a preload force to the rod body in the direction from the nut component toward the limiting nut.

6. The drilling, anchoring, and grouting method for rapid installation of anchor bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing component includes a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring, and a leak-proof membrane. The first and second sealing rings are arranged at intervals relative to each other at both ends of the sleeve along the extension direction of the rod. The outer wall surfaces of the first and second sealing rings are connected to the inner wall surface of the sleeve. The first and second sealing rings have internal threads. The leak-proof membrane is connected to the first and second sealing rings respectively. The first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, and the leak-proof membrane form a filling space to accommodate the filling medium.

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