A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for underground rapid transport systems

Abstract

This invention provides a sand and gravel transfer device suitable for rapid underground transportation systems, relating to the technical field of mining transportation equipment. The sand and gravel transfer device for rapid underground transportation systems of this invention includes a frame, a first piston rod rotatably connected to the frame via a rotating shaft, a connecting shell rotatably connected to the frame via the rotating shaft, and a sliding tube slidably connected to the connecting shell. The first piston rod slides and seals within a corresponding sliding tube, which is filled with hydraulic oil. The sliding tube has mirror-distributed fixing pins, and the connecting shell has circumferentially uniformly distributed spiral grooves. The fixing pins engage with the corresponding spiral grooves. This invention utilizes the sliding of the fixing pins within the spiral grooves, combined with the buffering effect of the hydraulic oil within the sliding tube, to stably buffer and reduce the multi-stage impact forces generated by braking between adjacent frames, maintaining stable braking performance between adjacent mine cars and ensuring the safety of the mine cars.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining transportation equipment technology, and more specifically to a sand and gravel transfer device suitable for underground rapid transportation systems. Background Technology

[0002] The Shanghai Temple mining area in Inner Mongolia has water-rich, soft rock geological conditions, resulting in a large demand for sand and gravel; on average, 2 meters of sand and gravel are used in a 1-meter-long tunnel. 3 Currently, underground sand and gravel transfer devices suitable for rapid transportation systems consist of multiple mine cars connected in sequence, transporting sand and gravel to the construction site. Due to the heavy weight of the sand and gravel loaded in each car, connected cars collide with each other during braking, and rear cars collide with front cars during braking. Existing buffers between cars are only springs or rubber, resulting in a progressively increasing impact force from rear cars to front cars due to braking inertia, subjecting the front cars to multiple impacts. Existing buffers cannot stably absorb these multiple impacts, causing continuous vibration and impact to the front cars, damaging them, affecting their service life, and causing sand and gravel to spill or even derail. Therefore, a multi-stage buffering system for underground sand and gravel transfer systems is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a sand and gravel transfer device suitable for underground rapid transportation systems to solve the problem of "poor buffering effect of mine cars on multi-stage impacts".

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for a rapid transportation system in underground mines includes an equidistantly distributed frame. The underside of the frame is rotatably connected to mirror-distributed wheel axles. A storage shell is rotatably connected to the frame. A first piston rod is rotatably connected to the frame via a rotating shaft. The first piston rod has mirror-distributed through holes. A connecting shell is rotatably connected to the side of the frame away from the first piston rod via a rotating shaft. A sliding tube is slidably connected to the connecting shell. The first piston rod slides sealed within the corresponding sliding tube. A spring is provided between the sliding tube and the corresponding connecting shell. Hydraulic oil is injected into the sliding tube. Mirror-distributed fixing pins are provided on the side of the sliding tube near the corresponding connecting shell. Circumferentially evenly distributed spiral grooves are provided on the side of the connecting shell away from the first piston rod. The fixing pins engage with the corresponding spiral grooves. The connecting shell has a multi-stage buffer mechanism for buffering impact forces between adjacent frames. The frame has a balance adjustment mechanism for controlling the stability of the sand and gravel within the storage shell.

[0006] Preferably, the multi-stage buffer mechanism includes mirror-distributed first sliding bent rods, each of which is slidably connected to the outer side of the corresponding connecting shell. A tension spring is fixed between the first sliding bent rod and the corresponding connecting shell. A mirror-distributed straight groove is provided on the inner sidewall of the connecting shell near the side of the corresponding sliding tube. The fixing pin slides in the corresponding straight groove. The straight groove communicates with the corresponding spiral groove. The mirror-distributed first sliding bent rods cooperate with the corresponding sliding tube.

[0007] Preferably, the balance adjustment mechanism includes an arc-shaped cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the side of the corresponding frame near the corresponding first piston rod. The arc-shaped cylinder is slidably connected to an arc-shaped piston rod that is slidably connected to the corresponding connecting shell. The arc-shaped piston rod is located on the side of the arc-shaped cylinder away from the corresponding frame. An air inlet is provided in the middle of the arc-shaped cylinder, and a one-way valve is provided at the air inlet. An air guide pipe is connected to the middle of the arc-shaped cylinder and inserted into the frame. A fixed cylinder connected to the corresponding air guide pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the frame away from the corresponding arc-shaped cylinder. A second piston rod is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder. A limiting tooth is fixedly connected to the second piston rod. An arc-shaped rack that cooperates with the limiting tooth is fixedly connected to the side of the storage shell near the corresponding fixed cylinder. The arc-shaped cylinder is provided with a reset component for controlling the limiting tooth and the arc-shaped rack to return to their original positions.

[0008] Preferably, the reset assembly includes a sliding plate, which is slidably connected to the side of the corresponding arc-shaped cylinder near the corresponding frame. Damping is provided at the sliding connection between the sliding plate and the corresponding arc-shaped cylinder. The sliding plate cooperates with the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod. The connecting hole of the arc-shaped cylinder is located between the corresponding sliding plate and the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod. A guide pipe is connected to the side of the arc-shaped cylinder near the corresponding frame. A cavity is provided inside the frame near the corresponding fixed cylinder. A sliding plate is slidably connected inside the cavity of the frame. A through hole is provided on the side of the fixed cylinder near the cavity of the frame. The sliding plate has a connecting hole that cooperates with the through hole of the corresponding fixed cylinder. An exhaust pipe communicating with the outside is connected to the cavity inside the frame. The connecting hole of the sliding plate cooperates with the corresponding exhaust pipe.

[0009] Preferably, a cylindrical block is provided between the sliding plate and the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod to prevent the arc-shaped piston rod from blocking the air inlet of the arc-shaped cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes a disconnecting brake mechanism, which is used to lock the axle when the adjacent frames are disconnected. The disconnecting brake mechanism is disposed within the frame and includes a connecting rod slidably connected to the corresponding frame. The connecting rod cooperates with the corresponding frame. A sliding support rod is slidably connected within the frame and ball-jointly connected to the corresponding connecting rod. The sliding surface of the sliding support rod and the corresponding frame is damped. The connecting rod and the corresponding sliding support rod within the same frame are connected by an elastic rope. The side of the frame closest to the corresponding sliding support rod... The vehicle is slidably connected with a sliding block, a trigger rod, and a first sliding rod. Each of the sliding block, trigger rod, and first sliding rod is fixedly connected to a corresponding frame with a spring. The first sliding rod has a through hole that mates with the corresponding sliding block. The sliding block is slidably connected to the corresponding trigger rod. The first sliding rod has a support block. The trigger rod has a groove that slidably connects to the support block of the corresponding first sliding rod. A friction plate is fixedly connected to the side of the first sliding rod near the corresponding axle component. The friction plate mates with the corresponding axle component. A brake trigger assembly for determining braking status is located inside the frame near the side of the corresponding sliding support rod.

[0011] Preferably, the extension length of the elastic rope is equal to the limit movement distance of the first piston rod inside the sliding tube, which is used to ensure that the sliding support rod is relatively fixed to the corresponding frame through damping when the connection between adjacent frames is not broken.

[0012] Preferably, the distance between the friction plate and the corresponding axle component is less than the sliding distance of the first sliding rod support block in the corresponding trigger rod groove, so as to ensure that the friction plate and the corresponding axle component can be in stable contact.

[0013] Preferably, the brake triggering assembly includes a second sliding bend rod, which is slidably connected to the side of the frame near the corresponding sliding support rod. The second sliding bend rod cooperates with the corresponding connecting bend rod. A connecting block that is slidably connected to the second sliding bend rod is rotatably connected to the side of the frame near the corresponding sliding support rod. A connecting rope is fixedly connected to the connecting block. The connecting rope is inserted into the corresponding frame. A strong braking assembly for assisting in locking adjacent and mirror-distributed wheel axle components is provided on the side of the frame away from the corresponding sliding support rod.

[0014] Preferably, the strong braking assembly includes a second sliding rod, which is slidably connected to the side of the frame near the mirror-distributed axle component. The second sliding rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting rope, and a tension spring is fixedly connected between the second sliding rod and the corresponding frame. The second sliding rod is slidably connected to a sliding frame, and a guide block located within the corresponding sliding frame is fixedly connected to the second sliding rod. Mirror-distributed friction blocks are slidably connected within the sliding frame, and each mirror-distributed friction block engages with a corresponding axle component. Tension springs are fixedly connected between the mirror-distributed friction blocks, and each mirror-distributed friction block engages with a corresponding guide block.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. This invention uses a fixed pin to slide in a spiral groove, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the sliding tube provides buffering, so that the multiple impact forces generated by braking between adjacent frames are stably buffered and reduced, so that the mine car can maintain braking stability under impact force and ensure the safety of the mine car.

[0017] 2. By moving the limiting teeth in the balancing adjustment mechanism towards the arc-shaped rack, the limiting teeth limit the arc-shaped rack, keeping the storage shell stable during transportation on uphill sections, thus preventing the storage shell from shaking due to mechanical vibration and causing the sand and gravel to fall off.

[0018] 3. By disconnecting the friction plate in the braking mechanism from the axle, the axle quickly decelerates and locks, ensuring the car frame stops moving promptly in the event of a breakage, thus guaranteeing the safety of the mine car and preventing unnecessary economic losses due to derailment.

[0019] 4. By moving the two friction blocks in the strong braking assembly back to back to engage with the corresponding wheel axle components, the mine car is assisted in completing the braking operation, ensuring the stability of the braking effect of this device and improving its safety. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the frame and connecting shell parts of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the parts connecting the shell and the sliding tube of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the parts at the fixing pin and the first sliding bend of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the parts at the arc-shaped cylinder and sliding plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the parts at the second piston rod and the arc-shaped rack of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding plate and exhaust pipe components of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the parts connecting the bent rod and the sliding support rod of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the parts at the first sliding rod and friction plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding block, trigger rod, and first sliding rod of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the parts at the guide block and friction block of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals: 101-Frame, 102-Axle assembly, 103-Storage shell, 104-First piston rod, 105-Connecting shell, 106-Sliding tube, 107-Fixing pin, 108-Helical groove, 2-Multi-stage buffer mechanism, 201-First sliding bent rod, 202-Straight groove, 3-Balance adjustment mechanism, 301-Arc-shaped cylinder, 302-Arc-shaped piston rod, 303-Air guide tube, 304-Fixing cylinder, 305-Second piston rod, 306-Limiting tooth, 307-Arc-shaped rack, 4-Reset assembly, 40 1-Sliding plate, 402-Guide pipe, 403-Sliding plate, 404-Exhaust pipe, 5-Disconnect brake mechanism, 501-Connecting bent rod, 502-Sliding support rod, 503-Elastic rope, 504-Sliding block, 505-Trigger rod, 506-First sliding rod, 507-Friction plate, 6-Brake trigger assembly, 601-Second sliding bent rod, 602-Connecting block, 603-Connecting rope, 7-Forced brake assembly, 701-Second sliding rod, 702-Sliding frame, 703-Guide block, 704-Friction block. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is combined Figures 1-11 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for underground rapid transport systems, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the vehicle includes an equidistantly distributed frame 101. Two mirror-image wheel axles 102 are rotatably connected to the underside of the frame 101. Each wheel axle 102 consists of two track wheels and a connecting rotating shaft. The mirror-image wheel axles 102 move by rotating on the track. A storage shell 103 is rotatably connected to the frame 101. The storage shell 103 can only rotate clockwise within the frame 101, with a maximum angle of 45°. The left side of the storage shell 103 protrudes upwards to form an arc-shaped obstruction. To prevent sand and gravel inside the storage shell 103 from falling due to inertia when shaken, a first piston rod 104 is rotatably connected to the right side of the frame 101 via a rotating shaft. The first piston rod 104 has two through holes distributed in a mirror image. A connecting shell 105 is rotatably connected to the left side of the frame 101 via a rotating shaft. A sliding tube 106 is slidably connected inside the connecting shell 105. The first piston rod 104 slides and seals within the corresponding sliding tube 106. The sliding tube 106 and the corresponding connecting shell 105... A spring is installed between the two frames, located within the corresponding connecting shell 105. Hydraulic oil is injected into the sliding tube 106. Two fixed pins 107 are mirror-distributed on the right side of the outer wall of the sliding tube 106. Two circumferentially evenly distributed spiral grooves 108 are provided on the right side inside the connecting shell 105. The fixed pins 107 cooperate with the corresponding spiral grooves 108. The sliding tube 106 drives the fixed pins 107 to slide in the corresponding spiral grooves 108, so that the sliding tube 106 reduces the impact force by rotating. The connecting shell 105 is provided with a multi-stage buffering mechanism 2 for buffering the impact force between adjacent frames 101. The frame 101 is provided with a balance adjustment mechanism 3 for controlling the stability of the sand and gravel in the storage shell 103. Through the sliding of the fixed pins 107 in the spiral grooves 108 and the buffering of the hydraulic oil in the sliding tube 106, the multi-stage impact force generated between the two frames 101 can be stably buffered and reduced, ensuring the safety of the frame 101 and avoiding hard collisions between adjacent frames 101.

[0035] like Figures 2-4As shown, the multi-stage buffer mechanism 2 includes two first sliding bent rods 201 arranged in a front-to-back mirror distribution. Both first sliding bent rods 201 are slidably connected to the outer side of the corresponding connecting shell 105. A tension spring is fixed between the first sliding bent rods 201 and the corresponding connecting shell 105. Two straight grooves 202, arranged in a front-to-back mirror distribution, are provided on the left side of the inner wall of the connecting shell 105. The straight grooves 202 are connected to the left end of the corresponding spiral grooves 108. A fixing pin 107 slides within the corresponding straight groove 202. The straight grooves 202 communicate with the corresponding spiral grooves 108. The first sliding bend 201 cooperates with the corresponding sliding tube 106. The sliding tube 106 moves to the left within the corresponding connecting shell 105. The sliding tube 106 contacts and drives the two first sliding bends 201 to move to the left synchronously. The two first sliding bends 201 obstruct the movement of the sliding tube 106 through the tension spring connected to them, so that there is a buffer pull when the two adjacent frames 101 accelerate, avoiding direct pulling that causes the storage shell 103 to shake instantly, causing the sand and gravel to be thrown out and affecting the integrity of the sand and gravel transportation.

[0036] like Figures 2-7 As shown, the balance adjustment mechanism 3 includes an arc-shaped cylinder 301, which is fixedly connected to the right side of the corresponding frame 101. An arc-shaped piston rod 302 is slidably connected to the right side of the arc-shaped cylinder 301. The arc-shaped piston rod 302 is slidably connected to the corresponding connecting shell 105. An air inlet is provided in the middle of the arc-shaped cylinder 301, and a one-way valve is provided at the air inlet of the arc-shaped cylinder 301. The one-way valve only injects gas into the arc-shaped cylinder 301. A guide pipe 303 is connected to the middle of the arc-shaped cylinder 301, and a one-way valve is provided in the guide pipe 303. The guide pipe 303 is inserted into the frame 101. A fixed cylinder 304 is fixedly connected to the left side of the frame 101. The fixed cylinder 304 is connected to the corresponding guide pipe 303. The one-way valve in the guide pipe 303 only allows the gas inside to enter the corresponding fixed cylinder 304. A second piston rod 305 is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 304 in a sealed manner. The second piston rod 305 is fixedly connected to the limiting tooth 306. An arc-shaped rack 307 is fixedly connected to the left side of the storage shell 103. The arc-shaped rack 307 cooperates with the corresponding limiting tooth 306. When the frame 101 moves to the uphill section, the storage shell 103 rotates with gravity. The limiting tooth 306 moves and inserts into the arc-shaped rack 307. The limiting tooth 306 limits the arc-shaped rack 307, and the frame 101 and the storage shell 103 inside are relatively fixed. The arc-shaped cylinder 301 is provided with a reset component 4 for controlling the limiting tooth 306 and the arc-shaped rack 307 to return to their original positions. By moving the arc-shaped piston rod 302 with the connecting shell 105, the limiting tooth 306 limits the arc-shaped rack 307, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the storage shell 103 and preventing the storage shell 103 from falling off due to mechanical vibration on the uphill section, which would affect the transportation efficiency of the device.

[0037] like Figures 2-7As shown, the reset assembly 4 includes a sliding plate 401, which is slidably connected to the left side of the corresponding arc-shaped cylinder 301. Damping is provided at the sliding connection between the sliding plate 401 and the corresponding arc-shaped cylinder 301 to keep the sliding plate 401 fixed when the arc-shaped piston rod 302 moves to compress gas. The sliding plate 401 cooperates with the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 302. The connecting hole of the arc-shaped cylinder 301 is located between the corresponding sliding plate 401 and the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 302. The arc-shaped piston rod 302 moves with the gas. When the corresponding connecting shell 105 swings downward, the arc-shaped piston rod 302 contacts and drives the sliding plate 401 to move synchronously. A cylindrical block is provided between the sliding plate 401 and the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 302 to prevent the arc-shaped piston rod 302 from blocking the air inlet of the arc-shaped cylinder 301. A guide pipe 402 is connected to the left side of the arc-shaped cylinder 301. A cavity is provided on the left side inside the frame 101. A sliding plate 403 is slidably connected inside the cavity of the frame 101. The cavity of the frame 101 is located on the lower bottom surface of the fixed cylinder 304. At this location, a through hole is provided on the lower side of the fixed cylinder 304, and a connecting hole is provided on the sliding plate 403. The connecting hole of the sliding plate 403 mates with the corresponding through hole of the fixed cylinder 304. Initially, the connecting hole of the sliding plate 403 is misaligned with the through hole of the fixed cylinder 304, and the sliding plate 403 blocks the corresponding through hole of the fixed cylinder 304. The cavity inside the frame 101 is connected to an exhaust pipe 404 that communicates with the outside. The connecting hole of the sliding plate 403 mates with the exhaust pipe 404, and the exhaust pipe 404 and the connecting hole of the sliding plate 403 are aligned. The gas inside the fixed cylinder 304 can be discharged to the outside through the connecting hole of the sliding plate 403 and the exhaust pipe 404. The left side of the sliding plate 401 and the guide pipe 402 inside the arc-shaped cylinder 301 are filled with hydraulic oil. Through the connecting hole of the sliding plate 403, it cooperates with the corresponding through hole of the fixed cylinder 304 and the corresponding exhaust pipe 404 to release the limiting tooth 306 from limiting the arc-shaped rack 307 in time, so that the storage shell 103 can quickly adjust the rotation angle after entering the horizontal road surface, ensuring the stability of sand and gravel transportation.

[0038] When this device is needed to transport sand and gravel from underground to the surface, the operator connects adjacent mine cars sequentially via a rotating shaft to the first piston rod 104 and the corresponding connecting shell 105 and related parts. After all mine cars are connected, the operator starts the car head. Taking the connecting shell 105 and related parts between two adjacent car frames 101 as an example, the car head drives the left side of the car frame 101 to move to the right through the connecting shell 105, sliding tube 106, and first piston rod 104. The two wheel axles 102 on the lower side of the car frame 101 rotate on the track, assisting the car frame 101 in moving. Adjacent car frames 101 are connected by the connecting shell 105, sliding tube 106, and first piston rod 104. The tube 106 and the first piston rod 104 move sequentially. When the front of the vehicle starts and is in an acceleration state, the front of the vehicle drives the connecting shell 105 to move to the right in sync. The arc-shaped piston rod 302 slides relative to the corresponding connecting shell 105. The connecting shell 105 drives the sliding tube 106 to move to the right through the spring connected to it. At the same time, under the action of its own weight, the frame 101 squeezes the hydraulic oil in the corresponding sliding tube 106 through the first piston rod 104. Under the action of the leftward pulling force, the sliding tube 106 moves to the left relative to the corresponding connecting shell 105. The spring between the connecting shell 105 and the corresponding sliding tube 106 is stretched.

[0039] During the movement of the first piston rod 104 to the left, the first piston rod 104 compresses the hydraulic oil in the corresponding sliding tube 106. The hydraulic oil on the left side of the sliding tube 106 enters the right side of the first piston rod 104 through the two through holes. The sliding tube 106 extends to the left from the corresponding connecting shell 105. The two fixing pins 107 move to the left with the sliding tube 106. The fixing pins 107 only move to the left in the corresponding straight groove 202. The two first sliding bent rods 201 stretch the tension springs connected to them under the drive of the sliding tube 106, thereby achieving the purpose of the front of the car driving the frame 101 to move. All subsequent frames 101 move by mutual driving in this way.

[0040] When the front of the vehicle drives the connected frames 101 to a constant speed, the two first sliding bends 201, through the tension of the springs connected to them, drive the corresponding sliding tubes 106 to move to the right to their initial state. The sliding tubes 106 move into the corresponding connecting shells 105, and the springs between the sliding tubes 106 and the corresponding connecting shells 105 return to their initial state. At this time, the first piston rod 104 is located at the leftmost position in the corresponding sliding tube 106. When the front of the vehicle decelerates or brakes, the front of the vehicle stops, and the adjacent frame 101 on the left continues to move to the right under the action of inertia. The frame 101 squeezes the hydraulic oil in the sliding tube 106 through the first piston rod 104. The hydraulic oil on the right side of the sliding tube 106 flows slowly to the left side through the two through holes of the first piston rod 104. The flow of hydraulic oil in the sliding tube 106 buffers the impact force on the frame 101, avoiding collisions that could damage the frame 101.

[0041] During the process of the frame 101 adjacent to the front of the vehicle squeezing the hydraulic oil in the corresponding sliding tube 106 through the corresponding first piston rod 104, the several frames 101 on the left sequentially transmit the impact force to the rightmost first piston rod 104, connecting shell 105 and sliding tube 106. The impact force between the front of the vehicle and the adjacent frames 101 increases step by step. When the impact force is transmitted to the adjacent right frame 101 each time, the left frame 101 squeezes the hydraulic oil in the first piston rod 104 and sliding tube 106. Since there is a limit to the flow rate through the through hole of the first piston rod 104, the first piston rod 104 drives the sliding tube 106 to move to the right through the hydraulic oil. When the sliding tube 106 is in motion, the spring connected to it is compressed to buffer the impact force. At the same time, the sliding tube 106 drives the two fixed pins 107 to move. The fixed pins 107 enter the corresponding spiral grooves 108. The sliding tube 106 rotates through the combined action of the fixed pins 107 and the corresponding spiral grooves 108, thereby reducing the impact force through the rotation of the sliding tube 106. By sliding the fixed pins 107 in the corresponding spiral grooves 108, the sliding tube 106 moves and rotates at the same time, thereby achieving the effect of multi-stage buffering of the impact force between adjacent frames 101, ensuring the safety of the sand and gravel transfer device suitable for underground rapid transportation systems.

[0042] When the locomotive drives several connected frames 101 to move uphill from a plane, while the right frame 101 moves uphill, the left frame 101 is still moving uphill. The right frame 101 drives the connecting shell 105 and the corresponding first piston rod 104 to swing upward. The connecting shell 105 drives the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 302 to move upward. The space between the arc-shaped piston rod 302 and the sliding plate 401 inside the arc-shaped cylinder 301 increases. External gas enters the arc-shaped piston rod 302 through the one-way valve at the air inlet of the arc-shaped cylinder 301. Then, the left frame 101 enters the uphill section along the track. The storage shell 103 rotates clockwise under the gravity of the sand and gravel piled inside it, always maintaining the stable state of the sand and gravel piled inside the storage shell 103. The rotation angle of the storage shell 103 is the same as the angle of the uphill section. The storage shell 103 drives the arc-shaped rack 307 to move synchronously.

[0043] As the left-side frame 101 enters the uphill section, the connecting shell 105 and the corresponding first piston rod 104 of the left-side frame 101 swing downwards. The connecting shell 105 and the corresponding first piston rod 104 return to their initial relative angle with the corresponding frame 101. During the downward swing of the connecting shell 105 and the corresponding first piston rod 104, the connecting shell 105 drives the arc-shaped piston rod 302 to move downwards. The arc-shaped piston rod 302 compresses the gas between itself and the corresponding sliding plate 401 inside the arc-shaped cylinder 301. Due to the damping between the sliding plate 401 and the inner wall of the arc-shaped cylinder 301, the sliding plate 401 and the arc-shaped cylinder 301 remain relatively stationary. The arc-shaped piston rod 302 and the corresponding... The gas between the sliding plates 401 slowly enters the fixed cylinder 304 through the air guide pipe 303. As the gas in the fixed cylinder 304 increases, the second piston rod 305 drives the limiting tooth 306 to slowly approach the arc-shaped rack 307. When the frame 101 enters the uphill section and moves a certain distance, the second piston rod 305 moves to the limit position in the fixed cylinder 304. At this time, the second piston rod 305 drives the limiting tooth 306 to limit the arc-shaped rack 307. The arc-shaped rack 307, the storage shell 103 and the frame 101 are relatively fixed, which avoids the storage shell 103 from shaking due to the mechanical vibration of the frame 101 on the uphill section, causing the sand and gravel to fall and affecting the transportation efficiency of this device.

[0044] When the two frames 101 move from the uphill section to the horizontal section, the right frame 101 enters the horizontal section first. During this process, the right frame 101 drives the corresponding first piston rod 104 and connecting shell 105 to swing downwards. The connecting shell 105 drives the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 302 to move downwards. The arc-shaped piston rod 302 contacts and presses the corresponding sliding plate 401 through the cylindrical block. The sliding plate 401 moves to the right, reducing the space on the left side of the sliding plate 401 within the arc-shaped cylinder 301. The hydraulic oil in the arc-shaped cylinder 301 enters the cavity of the corresponding frame 101 through the guide pipe 402. The hydraulic oil in the cavity of the frame 101... As the device increases, the sliding plate 403 slides upward, and the connecting hole of the sliding plate 403 connects with the through hole of the fixed cylinder 304 and the exhaust pipe 404. The gas in the fixed cylinder 304 is discharged to the outside through the connecting hole of the sliding plate 403 and the exhaust pipe 404. The second piston rod 305 drives the limiting tooth 306 to return to the initial position. The limiting tooth 306 releases the limiting of the arc rack 307. When the left frame 101 moves to the horizontal plane, the storage shell 103 rotates counterclockwise in the corresponding frame 101 to return to the initial position. This ensures the stability of the sand and gravel during the transportation of the device on the slope and avoids the sand and gravel falling due to the vibration of the slope, which would affect the transportation efficiency of the device.

[0045] As the left frame 101 moves to the horizontal plane, the right frame 101 drives the corresponding first piston rod 104 and connecting shell 105 to swing upward. The connecting shell 105 drives the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 302 to move upward and return to its original position. The space between the arc-shaped piston rod 302 and the sliding plate 401 increases, and a negative pressure is generated between the arc-shaped piston rod 302 and the sliding plate 401. The arc-shaped piston rod 302 drives the sliding plate 401 to return to its original position through the negative pressure. The space on the left side of the sliding plate 401 in the arc-shaped cylinder 301 increases, and the hydraulic oil in the cavity of the corresponding frame 101 flows back into the arc-shaped cylinder 301 through the guide pipe 402. At the same time, the sliding plate 403 moves downward and returns to its initial position. The sliding plate 403 re-seals the through hole of the fixed cylinder 304 and the exhaust pipe 404. When the connected mine cars transport the sand and gravel to the unloading position, all transportation work is completed. At this time, the operators remove the rotating shaft between the two frames 101 in sequence, and remove the connecting shell 105 and related parts for the next use.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 2 and Figures 8-10As shown, it also includes a brake disconnection mechanism 5, which is used to lock the wheel axle 102 when the adjacent frames 101 are disconnected. The brake disconnection mechanism 5 is located on the front side of the frame 101 and includes a connecting rod 501. The connecting rod 501 is slidably connected to the front side of the corresponding frame 101. The right side of the connecting rod 501 is bent downwards. The connecting rod 501 cooperates with the corresponding frame 101. The connecting rod 501 slides to the left a certain distance within the corresponding frame 101. When the connecting rod 501 moves to its limit position, it is relatively fixed to the corresponding frame 101 and cannot move. The connecting rod 501 then slides to the right within the corresponding frame 101. The connecting rod 501 can directly... The frame 101 slides out, and a sliding support rod 502 is slidably connected to the right side of the frame. The sliding support rod 502 is ball-jointed with the corresponding connecting bent rod 501. The sliding surface of the sliding support rod 502 and the corresponding frame 101 is damped to ensure that the sliding support rod 502 will not move when the adjacent frame 101 accelerates and buffers. The connecting bent rod 501 and the sliding support rod 502 within the same frame 101 are connected by an elastic rope 503. The extension length of the elastic rope 503 is equal to the limit movement distance of the first piston rod 104 in the sliding tube 106. This ensures that the sliding support rod 502 is relatively fixed to the corresponding frame 101 by damping when the connection between the adjacent frames 101 is not broken. A sliding block 50 is slidably connected to the right side of the frame 101. 4. A spring is fixed between the trigger rod 505 and the first sliding rod 506, and the sliding block 504 and the corresponding frame 101. Initially, the spring between the sliding block 504 and the corresponding frame 101 is compressed. The first sliding rod 506 has a through hole that engages with the corresponding sliding block 504. During the downward movement of the first sliding rod 506, when the sliding block 504 aligns with the through hole of the first sliding rod 506, the sliding block 504 is inserted into the through hole of the first sliding rod 506 under the elastic force of the connected spring. The sliding block 504 limits the first sliding rod 506, and the sliding block 504 is slidably connected to the corresponding trigger rod 505. The first sliding rod 506... A support block is provided on the upper side, and a sliding groove is provided on the trigger rod 505. The sliding groove of the trigger rod 505 is slidably connected to the support block of the corresponding first sliding rod 506. A friction plate 507 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first sliding rod 506. The friction plate 507 cooperates with the corresponding wheel axle 102. The first sliding rod 506 drives the friction plate 507 to move downward, and the friction plate 507 is in close contact with the corresponding wheel axle 102. The rotation speed of the wheel axle 102 is reduced and locked. The distance between the friction plate 507 and the corresponding wheel axle 102 is less than the sliding distance of the support block of the first sliding rod 506 in the sliding groove of the corresponding trigger rod 505, so as to ensure that the friction plate 507 and the corresponding wheel axle 102 can be stably contacted. A brake trigger assembly 6 for judging the braking status is provided on the right side of the frame 101.The friction plate 507 engages with the corresponding axle component 102, causing the axle component 102 to rotate at a slower speed and lock. This ensures that the device can quickly stop the detached frame 101 in the event of a breakage, preventing the frame 101 from sliding down and derailing, thus avoiding unnecessary economic losses.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, the brake trigger assembly 6 includes a second sliding bend rod 601. The connecting bend rod 501 drives the second sliding bend rod 601 to move synchronously by compression. The second sliding bend rod 601 is slidably connected to the left side of the frame 101. The second sliding bend rod 601 cooperates with the corresponding connecting bend rod 501. A connecting block 602 is slidably connected to the right side of the frame 101. The connecting block 602 is rotatably connected to the corresponding second sliding bend rod 601. A connecting rope 603 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 602. The connecting rope 603 is inserted into the corresponding frame 101. A strong braking assembly 7 is provided on the right side of the frame 101 to assist in locking two adjacent and mirror-distributed wheel axles 102. Whether the frame 101 needs to be forcibly braked is determined by whether the second sliding bend rod 601 is driven to move by the corresponding connecting bend rod 501.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, the strong braking assembly 7 includes a second sliding rod 701, which is slidably connected to the lower side of the frame 101. The second sliding rod 701 is fixedly connected to a corresponding connecting rope 603, and a tension spring is fixedly connected between the second sliding rod 701 and the corresponding frame 101. A sliding frame 702 is slidably connected to the lower side of the second sliding rod 701, and a guide block 703 is fixedly connected to the second sliding rod 701. The guide block 703 is in the shape of an inverted triangle and is located within the corresponding sliding frame 702. The second sliding rod 701 drives the sliding frame 702 to move through the guide block 703. A sliding connection is slidably connected within the sliding frame 702. Two friction blocks 704 are distributed in a mirror image on the left and right sides. Each friction block 704 is engaged with a corresponding axle component 102. The friction blocks 704 cause the auxiliary axle component 102 to decelerate and lock quickly by squeezing and rubbing against the corresponding axle component 102. A tension spring is fixed between the two friction blocks 704. Both friction blocks 704 are engaged with corresponding guide blocks 703. The guide blocks 703 are always in contact with the two friction blocks 704. By moving the guide blocks 703 downward, the two friction blocks 704 are moved away from each other, so as to achieve the purpose of simultaneously decelerating the two axle components 102 by friction, thus ensuring the stability of the deceleration effect of this device.

[0050] When this device is on an uphill section, if the connection between adjacent frames 101 breaks, all frames 101 connected to it on the left will reverse. If not braked in time, derailment and collision are very likely to occur, causing damage to the passage and unnecessary economic losses. Therefore, when a break occurs between adjacent frames 101, the left-side frame 101 must be braked in time to prevent it from sliding down. The specific operation is as follows: Repeat the above uphill operation. During the up-and-down swinging of the first piston rod 104 and the connecting shell 105, the adjacent connecting bent rod 501 and sliding support rod 502 rotate synchronously at the ball joint. When the first piston rod 104 and the connecting shell 105 between two adjacent frames 101 break, The front of the vehicle brakes and stops quickly. The left side of the frame 101 at the break point slides downward under the action of gravity. The left side of the frame 101 drives the sliding support rod 502 and the connecting rod 501 to move to the left through damping. When the connecting rod 501 moves to the left limit position in the right side of the frame 101, the relative position of the right side of the frame 101 and the connecting rod 501 inside it is fixed. As the left side of the frame 101 at the break point slides downward, the sliding support rod 502 slides out to the right from the left side of the frame 101. The elastic rope 503 in the left side of the frame 101 gradually stretches to its limit length. The right side of the sliding support rod 502 pulls the left side of the connecting rod 501 to the right through the elastic rope 503. The connecting rod 501 gradually slides to the right in the left side of the frame 101.

[0051] As the connecting rod 501 inside the left frame 101 moves to the right, taking one of the frames 101 as an example, the connecting rod 501 presses against the trigger rod 505, causing the trigger rod 505 to move downwards. The trigger rod 505 compresses the spring connected to it, and through its groove, the trigger rod 505 drives the first sliding rod 506 and its support block to move downwards. The first sliding rod 506 compresses the spring connected to it. When the sliding block 504 aligns with the through hole of the first sliding rod 506, the sliding block 504 moves to the right under the elastic force of the spring connected to it. Block 504 is inserted into the through hole corresponding to the first sliding rod 506. Block 504 limits the first sliding rod 506. When the first sliding rod 506 moves downward, it drives the friction plate 507 to move downward synchronously. The friction plate 507 is in close contact with the wheel axle 102. The wheel axle 102 gradually decelerates under the action of friction between it and the friction plate 507, so that the frame 101 gradually stops. When the connecting rod 501 disengages from contact with the trigger rod 505, the trigger rod 505 moves upward and resets under the action of the elastic force of the spring connected to it.

[0052] After the operator completes the repair, the connecting rod 501 is pushed back to its original position. During the resetting process, the connecting rod 501 compresses and drives the trigger rod 505 to move to the left. The trigger rod 505 compresses the spring connected to it, and the trigger rod 505 drives the sliding block 504 to move to the left. The sliding block 504 compresses the spring connected to it, and the sliding block 504 releases its restriction on the first sliding rod 506. When the connecting rod 501 disengages from the trigger rod 505, the trigger rod 505 moves upward to reset under the elastic force of the spring connected to it. At the same time, the first sliding rod 506 moves upward to return to its original position under the elastic force of the spring connected to it. The friction plate 507 moves upward synchronously with the first sliding rod 506. The friction plate 507 releases its contact with the corresponding wheel axle 102. Through the contact and compression of the wheel axle 102 by the friction plate 507, the rotation of the wheel axle 102 is slowed down and locked, ensuring the safety of the mine car when the device is disconnected and avoiding the mine car from sliding down and derailing, causing unnecessary economic losses.

[0053] If the contact and compression of the friction plate 507 against the wheel axle 102 does not slow down the frame 101, as the connecting rod 501 continues to move to the right within the corresponding frame 101, the connecting rod 501 contacts and drives the second sliding rod 601 to move to the right. The second sliding rod 601 drives the connecting block 602 and the connecting rope 603 to move to the right synchronously. After the second sliding rod 601 moves out of the frame 101, as the connecting rod 501 continues to move, the second sliding rod 601 swings downward to contact the connecting rod 501. The connecting rope 603 pulls the second sliding rod 701 to slide downward. The second sliding rod 701 stretches the tension spring connected to it, and the second sliding rod 701 drives the sliding frame 702 to move downward synchronously.

[0054] As the sliding frame 702 moves downward with the second sliding rod 701, after the sliding frame 702 contacts the track, as the second sliding rod 701 continues to move downward, it drives the guide block 703 to move downward. The guide block 703 gradually presses the two friction blocks 704 away from each other, and the tension spring between the two friction blocks 704 is stretched. The friction blocks 704 contact and press the wheel axle 102. After the operator completes the repair, the connecting bent rod 501 is first returned to its original position, and then the second sliding bent rod 601 is rotated upward. Under the tension of the tension spring connected to it, the second sliding rod 701 moves upward to return to its original position. The sliding rod 701 drives the sliding frame 702 to move upward and return to its original position via the guide block 703. The two friction blocks 704 return to their original positions under the tension of the tension spring between them. At the same time, the second sliding rod 701 moves upward and pulls the connecting rope 603 to reset. The connecting rope 603 pulls the second sliding bent rod 601 and the connecting block 602 to return to their original positions. At this point, all parts have returned to their original positions, and subsequent transportation operations can be carried out directly. The guide block 703 squeezes the two friction blocks 704 to assist in slowing down the rotation of the two wheel axle components 102, further strengthening the deceleration and locking force of the wheel axle components 102, improving the stability of the device's braking effect, and ensuring the safety of transported materials.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for underground rapid transportation systems, characterized in that: The vehicle includes an equidistantly distributed frame (101), with mirror-distributed wheel axles (102) rotatably connected to the lower side of the frame (101). A storage shell (103) is rotatably connected to the frame (101). A first piston rod (104) is rotatably connected to the frame (101) via a rotating shaft. The first piston rod (104) has mirror-distributed through holes. A connecting shell (105) is rotatably connected to the side of the frame (101) away from the corresponding first piston rod (104) via a rotating shaft. A sliding tube (106) is slidably connected to the connecting shell (105). The first piston rod (104) slides sealed within the corresponding sliding tube (106). 06) A spring is provided between the sliding tube (106) and the corresponding connecting shell (105). Hydraulic oil is injected into the sliding tube (106). A fixed pin (107) is provided on the side of the sliding tube (106) close to the corresponding connecting shell (105). A spiral groove (108) is provided on the side of the connecting shell (105) away from the corresponding first piston rod (104). The fixed pin (107) cooperates with the corresponding spiral groove (108). The connecting shell (105) is provided with a multi-stage buffer mechanism (2) for buffering the impact force between adjacent frames (101). The frame (101) is provided with a mechanism for controlling the stability of the sand and gravel in the storage shell (103). Balance adjustment mechanism (3); the balance adjustment mechanism (3) includes an arc-shaped cylinder (301), the arc-shaped cylinder (301) is fixed to the side of the corresponding frame (101) near the corresponding first piston rod (104), the arc-shaped cylinder (301) is slidably connected to an arc-shaped piston rod (302) slidably connected to the corresponding connecting shell (105), the arc-shaped piston rod (302) is located on the side of the corresponding arc-shaped cylinder (301) away from the corresponding frame (101), the arc-shaped cylinder (301) is provided with an air inlet in the middle, the air inlet of the arc-shaped cylinder (301) is provided with a one-way valve, the middle of the arc-shaped cylinder (301) is connected to an air guide pipe (303), the air guide pipe... The tube (303) is inserted into the frame (101). A fixed cylinder (304) communicating with the corresponding air guide tube (303) is fixedly connected to the side of the frame (101) away from the corresponding arc-shaped cylinder (301). A second piston rod (305) is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder (304). The second piston rod (305) is fixedly connected to a limiting tooth (306). An arc-shaped rack (307) cooperating with the corresponding limiting tooth (306) is fixedly connected to the side of the storage shell (103) close to the corresponding fixed cylinder (304). The arc-shaped cylinder (301) is provided with a reset component (4) for controlling the limiting tooth (306) and the arc-shaped rack (307) to return to their original positions.

2. The sand and gravel transfer device suitable for rapid transportation systems in underground mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage buffer mechanism (2) includes a mirror-distributed first sliding bent rod (201). The mirror-distributed first sliding bent rod (201) is slidably connected to the outer side of the corresponding connecting shell (105). A tension spring is fixed between the first sliding bent rod (201) and the corresponding connecting shell (105). The inner sidewall of the connecting shell (105) near the side of the corresponding sliding tube (106) is provided with a mirror-distributed straight groove (202). The fixing pin (107) slides in the corresponding straight groove (202). The straight groove (202) communicates with the corresponding spiral groove (108). The mirror-distributed first sliding bent rod (201) cooperates with the corresponding sliding tube (106).

3. A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for rapid underground transportation systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset assembly (4) includes a sliding piece (401), which is slidably connected to the side of the corresponding arc-shaped cylinder (301) near the corresponding frame (101). Damping is provided at the sliding connection between the sliding piece (401) and the corresponding arc-shaped cylinder (301). The sliding piece (401) cooperates with the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod (302). The connecting hole of the arc-shaped cylinder (301) is located between the corresponding sliding piece (401) and the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod (302). The arc-shaped cylinder (301) is close to the side of the corresponding frame (101). A guide pipe (402) is connected to the side of the frame (101). A cavity is provided on the side of the frame (101) near the corresponding fixed cylinder (304). A sliding plate (403) is slidably connected in the cavity of the frame (101). A through hole is provided on the side of the fixed cylinder (304) near the corresponding cavity of the frame (101). A connecting hole is provided on the sliding plate (403) that cooperates with the through hole of the corresponding fixed cylinder (304). An exhaust pipe (404) is connected to the cavity of the frame (101) and communicates with the outside. The connecting hole of the sliding plate (403) cooperates with the corresponding exhaust pipe (404).

4. A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for rapid underground transportation systems according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cylindrical block is provided between the sliding plate (401) and the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod (302) to prevent the arc-shaped piston rod (302) from blocking the air inlet of the arc-shaped cylinder (301).

5. A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for rapid transportation systems in underground mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a disconnecting brake mechanism (5), which is used to lock the wheel axle (102) when the adjacent frames (101) are disconnected. The disconnecting brake mechanism (5) is disposed in the frame (101) and includes a connecting rod (501). The connecting rod (501) is slidably connected to the corresponding frame (101). The connecting rod (501) cooperates with the corresponding frame (101). A sliding support rod (502) is slidably connected in the frame (101) and ball-jointly connected to the corresponding connecting rod (501). The sliding surface of the sliding support rod (502) and the corresponding frame (101) is provided with damping. The connecting rod (501) and the corresponding sliding support rod (502) in the same frame (101) are connected by an elastic rope (503). The side of the frame (101) closest to the corresponding sliding support rod (502) slides. A sliding block (504), a trigger rod (505), and a first sliding rod (506) are connected. Each of the sliding block (504), the trigger rod (505), and the first sliding rod (506) is fixedly connected to the corresponding frame (101) with a spring. The first sliding rod (506) is provided with a through hole that cooperates with the corresponding sliding block (504). The sliding block (504) is slidably connected to the corresponding trigger rod (505). The first sliding rod (506) is provided with a support block. The trigger rod (505) is provided with a sliding groove that is slidably connected to the support block of the corresponding first sliding rod (506). A friction plate (507) is fixedly connected to the side of the first sliding rod (506) near the corresponding wheel axle (102). The friction plate (507) cooperates with the corresponding wheel axle (102). A brake trigger assembly (6) for judging the braking situation is provided inside the frame (101) near the side of the corresponding sliding support rod (502).

6. A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for rapid transportation systems in underground mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extension length of the elastic rope (503) is equal to the limit movement distance of the first piston rod (104) inside the sliding tube (106), which is used to ensure that the sliding support rod (502) is fixed relative to the corresponding frame (101) by damping when the connection between adjacent frames (101) is not broken.

7. A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for rapid transportation systems in underground mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the friction plate (507) and the corresponding axle component (102) is less than the sliding distance of the first sliding rod (506) support block in the corresponding trigger rod (505) groove, so as to ensure that the friction plate (507) and the corresponding axle component (102) can be in stable contact.

8. A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for rapid transportation systems in underground mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The brake triggering assembly (6) includes a second sliding bend rod (601), which is slidably connected to the side of the frame (101) near the corresponding sliding support rod (502). The second sliding bend rod (601) cooperates with the corresponding connecting bend rod (501). A connecting block (602) is slidably connected to the side of the frame (101) near the corresponding sliding support rod (502) and is rotatably connected to the corresponding second sliding bend rod (601). A connecting rope (603) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (602). The connecting rope (603) is inserted into the corresponding frame (101). A strong braking assembly (7) for assisting in locking the adjacent and mirror-distributed wheel axle components (102) is provided on the side of the frame (101) away from the corresponding sliding support rod (502).

9. A sand and gravel transfer device suitable for rapid underground transportation systems according to claim 8, characterized in that: The strong braking assembly (7) includes a second sliding rod (701), which is slidably connected to the side of the frame (101) near the mirror-distributed axle (102). The second sliding rod (701) is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting rope (603). A tension spring is fixedly connected between the second sliding rod (701) and the corresponding frame (101). The second sliding rod (701) is slidably connected to a sliding frame (702). A guide block (703) located in the corresponding sliding frame (702) is fixedly connected to the second sliding rod (701). Mirror-distributed friction blocks (704) are slidably connected in the sliding frame (702). The mirror-distributed friction blocks (704) respectively cooperate with the corresponding axle (102). A tension spring is fixedly connected between the mirror-distributed friction blocks (704). All mirror-distributed friction blocks (704) cooperate with the corresponding guide block (703).

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