Solar energy driven integrated device for collecting fresh water and liquid droplets

Abstract

This invention discloses a solar-driven integrated device for collecting freshwater and droplet energy, comprising: a photothermal evaporation mechanism including a seawater tank, a light-transmitting part disposed on the seawater tank, a middle-layer collection part disposed on the light-transmitting part, a high-layer collection part disposed on the light-transmitting part, a floating part disposed within the seawater tank, a flow guide part disposed on the seawater tank, and an isolation part disposed on the flow guide part; and a droplet power generation mechanism including a storage part disposed within the seawater tank, a protection part disposed within the storage part, a power generation part disposed on the protection part, and an adjustment part disposed on the light-transmitting part. This solar-driven integrated device for collecting freshwater and droplet energy combines a triboelectric nanogenerator with photothermal interfacial evaporation, enabling the simultaneous use of solar energy for seawater desalination and freshwater collection, while also collecting droplet energy, thus converting mechanical energy into electrical energy and improving energy utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of freshwater and droplet energy harvesting, and more particularly to a solar-powered integrated device for freshwater and droplet energy harvesting. Background Technology

[0002] With the excessive consumption of non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels, energy crises and environmental pollution problems are becoming increasingly prominent. In addition, the shortage of freshwater resources is also an unavoidable problem. Therefore, people are paying more and more attention to seawater, a renewable resource.

[0003] Photothermal interface evaporation is widely used in seawater desalination and other fields to solve the problem of freshwater shortage due to its environmental friendliness, clean energy, and low cost. However, most of the equipment used for hydropower generation nowadays relies on electromagnetic power generation, which is large in size and has high cost for large-scale manufacturing. Moreover, these generators can only be used to collect high-frequency mechanical energy from liquids and cannot collect low-frequency energy such as droplets and raindrops. The invention of triboelectric nanogenerators can fill this gap. They are lightweight and low in cost and can convert low-frequency micromechanical energy in the environment, such as droplet energy, into electrical energy. However, there is a lack of devices on the market that can collect freshwater and droplet energy at the same time using solar energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated devices, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a solar-driven integrated device for collecting fresh water and droplet energy, which can collect fresh water and droplet energy at the same time.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: including,

[0007] A photothermal evaporation mechanism includes a seawater tank, a light-transmitting part disposed on the seawater tank, a middle-layer collection part disposed on the light-transmitting part, a high-layer collection part disposed on the light-transmitting part, a floating part disposed inside the seawater tank, a flow guide part disposed on the seawater tank, and an isolation part disposed on the flow guide part.

[0008] The droplet power generation mechanism includes a storage section disposed within the seawater tank, a protection section disposed within the storage section, a power generation section disposed on the protection section, and an adjustment section disposed on the light-transmitting section.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention, the light-transmitting part includes a light-transmitting box disposed on the seawater tank, an inclined surface disposed on the light-transmitting part, a first collection frame disposed in the light-transmitting box, a first inclined plate disposed in the first collection frame, and a first collection hole disposed on the first collection frame.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention, the middle collection section includes a second collection frame disposed inside the light-transmitting box and located above the first collection frame, a second inclined plate disposed inside the second collection frame, and a second collection hole disposed on the second collection frame;

[0011] The high-level collection unit includes a third collection frame disposed inside the light-transmitting box and located above the second collection frame, a third inclined plate disposed inside the third collection frame, and a third collection hole disposed on the third collection frame.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention, the floating part includes a floating plate disposed in the seawater tank, a water-separating plate disposed on the floating plate, a drop collection frame disposed on the water-separating plate, and a slope plate disposed in the drop collection frame.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection and integration device of the present invention, the flow guiding part includes a water collection tank disposed on the seawater tank, a flow guiding pipe disposed on the water collection tank and connected to the floating plate, a flow guiding groove disposed on the flow guiding pipe, and a photothermal conversion column disposed on the floating plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention, the isolation part includes an isolation ring disposed on the floating plate and connected to the guide pipe, an isolation water bag disposed between the isolation ring and the water collection tank, a side water hole disposed on the water collection tank, and an air pipe disposed on the water collection tank.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention, the storage unit includes a drip frame disposed in the seawater tank, a storage tank disposed in the seawater tank, and a connecting hole disposed on the drip frame.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention, the protection part includes: a protective float plate disposed in the drip frame, a protective through hole disposed in the protective float plate, a mounting plate disposed in the protective float plate, a protective plate disposed in the mounting plate, a protective hole disposed in the protective plate, a return water pipe disposed in the protective plate and adapted to the protective hole, and a return water baffle disposed in the return water pipe.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention, the power generation unit includes a first substrate disposed on the mounting plate, a first friction electrode disposed on the first substrate, a second substrate disposed on the mounting plate, a striking plate disposed on the second substrate, a second friction electrode disposed on the second substrate, and a friction layer disposed on the second friction electrode.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention, the adjustment unit includes an adjustment threaded tube disposed on the first collection hole, an adjustment threaded sleeve disposed on the adjustment threaded tube, an adjustment plug disposed inside the adjustment threaded sleeve, an adjustment hole disposed on the adjustment threaded sleeve, an adjustment shell disposed on the adjustment hole, and a dropper disposed on the adjustment shell.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the combination of triboelectric nanogenerator and photothermal interface evaporation allows for the use of solar energy for seawater desalination and fresh water collection, while also collecting droplet energy to achieve the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy and improve energy utilization efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle collection section of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the floating part of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the floating part of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation section of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side water hole structure of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first collection hole of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the droplet power generation mechanism of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the protective section of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the protective hole structure of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment section of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the 0% ion salt nanofiber membrane friction layer of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the 0.5% ion salt nanofiber membrane friction layer of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the 2.5% ion salt nanofiber membrane friction layer of the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 15 This is a comparison diagram of the output voltage of the droplet power generation unit of the nanofiber membrane friction layer in the solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 16 The figure shows the effect of different light intensities on the water evaporation quality of the wood aerogel photothermal interface evaporator, which is the integrated solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection device of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0040] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Reference Figure 1-3 and Figure 8 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a solar-driven integrated device for collecting freshwater and droplets. This device includes...

[0043] The photothermal evaporation mechanism 100 includes a seawater tank 101, a light-transmitting part 102 disposed on the seawater tank 101, a middle-layer collection part 103 disposed on the light-transmitting part 102, a high-layer collection part 104 disposed on the light-transmitting part 102, a floating part 105 disposed inside the seawater tank 101, a flow guide part 106 disposed on the seawater tank 101, and an isolation part 107 disposed on the flow guide part 106.

[0044] The droplet power generation mechanism 200 includes a storage section 201 disposed in a seawater tank 101, a protection section 202 disposed in the storage section 201, a power generation section 203 disposed on the protection section 202, and an adjustment section 204 disposed on the light-transmitting section 102.

[0045] During use, seawater is added to the seawater tank 101. Solar energy is absorbed through the guide section 106, and the seawater below the floating section 105 is evaporated. The evaporated water vapor condenses on the light-transmitting section 102, forming water droplets, which flow into the storage section 201 along the light-transmitting section 102. The water droplets on the side wall are collected and gathered into the light-transmitting section 102 through the middle collection section 103 and the upper collection section 104. The water droplets falling from the center are collected through the floating section 105 and collected through the guide section 106. The speed at which the water droplets fall into the storage section 201 is adjusted by the regulating section 204. The water droplets falling into the storage section 201 strike the power generation section 203 to generate electricity.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Reference Figure 1-7 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the light-transmitting part 102 includes a light-transmitting box 102a disposed on the seawater tank 101, an inclined surface 102b disposed on the light-transmitting part 102, a first collection frame 102c disposed in the light-transmitting box 102a, a first inclined plate 102d disposed in the first collection frame 102c, and a first collection hole 102e disposed on the first collection frame 102c.

[0048] Preferably, the material of the light-transmitting box 102a is one of PDMS film, acrylic sheet, or ordinary glass plate to ensure the passage of light. The inclined surface 102b allows water droplets on the top of the light-transmitting box 102a to slide down along the inclined surface 102b into the first collection frame 102c, reducing the direct fall of water droplets and increasing the utilization rate of water droplet energy. The first collection frame 102c is U-shaped to prevent water droplets from detaching from the first collection frame 102c when flowing. The end of the first inclined plate 102d away from the first collection hole 102e is thick, and the end near the first collection hole 102e is thin, so that water droplets can enter the first collection hole 102e better.

[0049] The middle collection section 103 includes a second collection frame 103a disposed inside the light-transmitting box 102a and above the first collection frame 102c, a second inclined plate 103b disposed inside the second collection frame 103a, and a second collection hole 103c disposed on the second collection frame 103a.

[0050] Preferably, the second collecting frame 103a is located above the first collecting frame 102c, and the second collecting hole 103c is located above the first collecting frame 102c, so that water droplets can enter the first collecting frame 102c through the second collecting hole 103c. At the same time, the second collecting frame 103a collects water droplets from the side wall of the light-transmitting box 102a. The end of the second inclined plate 103b away from the second collecting hole 103c is thicker, and the end of the second inclined plate 103b near the second collecting hole 103c is thinner, so that water droplets can enter the second collecting hole 103c better.

[0051] The high-level collection unit 104 includes a third collection frame 104a disposed inside the light-transmitting box 102a and above the second collection frame 103a, a third inclined plate 104b disposed inside the third collection frame 104a, and a third collection hole 104c disposed on the third collection frame 104a.

[0052] Preferably, the third collection frame 104a is located above the second collection frame 103a, and the third collection hole 104c is located above the second collection frame 103a, so that water droplets in the third collection frame 104a can enter the second collection frame 103a. The end of the third inclined plate 104b away from the third collection hole 104c is thicker, and the end of the third inclined plate 104b near the third collection hole 104c is thinner.

[0053] The floating part 105 includes a floating plate 105a disposed in the seawater tank 101, a water-separating plate 105b disposed on the floating plate 105a, a drop collection frame 105c disposed on the water-separating plate 105b, and a slope plate 105d disposed in the drop collection frame 105c.

[0054] Preferably, the floating plate 105a is made of polyethylene foam to provide buoyancy, ensuring that the photothermal conversion column 106d is always in contact with seawater, thereby better evaporating the seawater. The water-proof plate 105b is provided with a waterproof membrane or waterproof coating to prevent seawater from entering the drop collection frame 105c through the floating plate 105a. The slope plate 105d is thicker in the middle and thinner on both sides, allowing water droplets to better converge to both sides of the drop collection frame 105c.

[0055] The flow guiding section 106 includes a water collection tank 106a disposed on the seawater tank 101, a flow guiding pipe 106b disposed on the water collection tank 106a and connected to the floating plate 105a, a flow guiding channel 106c disposed on the flow guiding pipe 106b, and a photothermal conversion column 106d disposed on the floating plate 105a.

[0056] Preferably, the water collection tank 106a is used to collect fresh water, and the guide pipe 106b is connected to the water collection tank 106a. At the same time, the guide pipe 106b is slidably connected to the floating plate 105a to position and guide the floating plate 105a, preventing the floating plate 105a from moving randomly. At the same time, the floating plate 105a is located below the middle collection section 103 and the upper collection section 104 to ensure that it can completely receive the falling water droplets. The guide channel 106c is set so that the water droplets on both sides of the collection frame 105c enter the water collection tank 106a through the guide channel 106c and the guide pipe 106b. The photothermal conversion column 106d is made of wood aerogel loaded with carbon nanotubes.

[0057] The isolation section 107 includes an isolation ring 107a disposed on the floating plate 105a and connected to the guide pipe 106b, an isolation water bag 107b disposed between the isolation ring 107a and the water collection tank 106a, a side water hole 107c disposed on the water collection tank 106a, and an air pipe 107d disposed on the water collection tank 106a.

[0058] Preferably, the isolation ring 107a is slidably connected to the guide pipe 106b. The isolation water bag 107b isolates the seawater and prevents the seawater below the floating plate 105a from entering the guide pipe 106b through the guide channel 106c, thus ensuring the collection of fresh water. The side water hole 107c is located in the gap between the isolation water bag 107b and the guide pipe 106b, and is used to collect the fresh water between the isolation water bag 107b and the guide pipe 106b into the water collection tank 106a, thus preventing the waste of fresh water.

[0059] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0060] During operation, solar energy is absorbed by the photothermal conversion column 106d, which evaporates the seawater below the floating plate 105a. The water vapor rises through the gap between the floating plate 105a and the seawater tank 101 and condenses on the inclined surface 102b. Because the inclined surface 102b is inclined, the collected water droplets flow along the inclined surface 102b into the first collection frame 102c. Because the first inclined plate 102d is inclined, the water droplets flow along the first inclined plate 102d through the first collection hole. Water droplets from the side wall of the light-transmitting box 102a enter the storage section 201. Water droplets from the third collection box 104a flow into the second collection box 103a through the third inclined plate 104b and the third collection hole 104c. Water droplets from the second collection box 103a then flow into the first collection box 102c through the second inclined plate 103b and the second collection hole 103c. This process gathers the water droplets from the side wall into the first collection box 102c, and then... Water droplets enter the storage section 201 through the hole 102e. Some water droplets on the inclined surface 102b flow into the first collection frame 102c. Due to gravity, some water droplets fall directly into the drop collection frame 105c. Due to the slope plate 105d, the water droplets gather on both sides of the drop collection frame 105c. The water droplets on both sides enter the guide pipe 106b through the guide channel 106c. The water droplets in the guide pipe 106b enter the water collection tank 106a for collection. After evaporation and the reduction of seawater, the floating plate 105... As the float plate 105a descends, the isolation ring 107a descends along the guide pipe 106b. The isolation ring 107a causes the isolation water bag 107b to contract, ensuring the normal rise and fall of the float plate 105a while preventing seawater from entering the guide pipe 106b through the guide channel 106c, thus ensuring the normal collection of water droplets. At the same time, the guide pipe 106b limits the float plate 105a, positioning it below the middle collection section 103 and the upper collection section 104, ensuring that it can completely receive the falling water droplets.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Reference Figure 8-11 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the storage unit 201 includes a drip frame 201a disposed in the seawater tank 101, a storage tank 201b disposed in the seawater tank 101, and a connecting hole 201c disposed on the drip frame 201a.

[0063] Preferably, the drip frame 201a is located directly below the first collection hole 102e, so that water droplets can fall into the drip frame 201a. The storage tank 201b increases the water storage capacity of the device.

[0064] The protection unit 202 includes a protective float 202a disposed within the drip frame 201a, a protective through hole 202b disposed on the protective float 202a, a mounting plate 202c disposed on the protective float 202a, a protective plate 202d disposed on the mounting plate 202c, a protective hole 202e disposed on the protective plate 202d, a return water pipe 202f disposed on the protective plate 202d and adapted to the protective hole 202e, and a return water baffle 202g disposed on the return water pipe 202f.

[0065] Preferably, the protective float 202a is configured so that the power generation unit 203 can rise and fall with the water volume. When the water volume is low, the power generation unit 203 is located at the bottom, and the distance between the water droplets and the power generation unit 203 is far. Therefore, the potential energy of the water droplets is large, which can be converted into more kinetic energy and increase the power generation of the power generation unit 203. When the water volume is high, the power generation unit 203 is located at a higher position, which increases the water storage capacity of the device.

[0066] The protective through hole 202b allows water droplets to enter the bottom of the drip frame 201a. The mounting plate 202c is used to install the generator 203. The protective plate 202d is slidably connected to the inner surface of the drip frame 201a. The protective plate 202d is made of rubber to increase the sealing of the device. The protective hole 202e allows water droplets to enter the bottom of the drip frame 201a. The return water pipe 202f is a semi-circular pipe with an outlet on the side, allowing water to flow out through the return water pipe 202f. When the seawater evaporates, the return water baffle 202g blocks the return water pipe 202f due to gravity to prevent fresh water evaporation.

[0067] The power generation unit 203 includes a first substrate 203a disposed on a mounting plate 202c, a first friction electrode 203b disposed on the first substrate 203a, a second substrate 203c disposed on the mounting plate 202c, a striking plate 203d disposed on the second substrate 203c, a second friction electrode 203e disposed on the second substrate 203c, and a friction layer 203f disposed on the second friction electrode 203e.

[0068] Preferably, the first friction electrode 203b is in contact with but not bonded to the friction layer 203f, the first substrate 203a is made of acrylic sheet, the second substrate 203c is made of polyvinyl chloride film, the first friction electrode 203b and the second friction electrode 203e are one of copper electrode, aluminum electrode, silver electrode, gold electrode and indium tin oxide conductive film, and are respectively connected to wires, the wires are copper wires, and the striking plate 203d is located directly below the first collection hole 102e so that water droplets can strike the striking plate 203d when they fall;

[0069] The friction layer 203f material is a polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene nanofiber membrane with a mass fraction of 18% prepared by electrospinning technology. It has a naturally rough surface, which can increase its contact area and thus improve its power generation performance. At the same time, it can improve the mechanical flexibility of the droplet generator and reduce its thickness, so that the device can cope with certain tensile deformation.

[0070] Specifically, the electrospinning process parameters for polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene nanofiber membranes are as follows: 1. Polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene is added to a mixed solvent of N,N-dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran in a volume ratio of 7:3 to prepare a polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene spinning solution with a mass concentration of 18%; 2. The polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene spinning solution obtained in step 1 is added to a 10ml syringe, a No. 21 stainless steel needle is installed at the front end of the syringe, a roller receiver is placed 15cm from the front end of the needle, and aluminum foil is wrapped on the roller receiver; 3. A voltage of 10kV is applied to the stainless steel needle, the rotation speed of the roller receiver is set to 100rpm, the syringe advance rate is set to 1.0mL / h, spinning is carried out for 3h, and the membrane is left at room temperature for 10h to dry completely, thus obtaining a polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene nanofiber membrane.

[0071] The adjustment unit 204 includes an adjustment threaded tube 204a disposed on the first collection hole 102e, an adjustment threaded sleeve 204b disposed on the adjustment threaded tube 204a, an adjustment plug 204c disposed inside the adjustment threaded sleeve 204b, an adjustment hole 204d disposed on the adjustment threaded sleeve 204b, an adjustment shell 204e disposed on the adjustment hole 204d, and a dripper 204f disposed on the adjustment shell 204e.

[0072] Preferably, rotating the adjusting shell 204e causes the adjusting plug 204c to penetrate deeper into the adjusting threaded tube 204a, thereby adjusting the rate at which water drips from the dripper 204f, increasing the applicability of the device.

[0073] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 2.

[0074] During use, rotating the adjusting shell 204e causes the adjusting threaded sleeve 204b to rotate. Due to the setting of the adjusting threaded tube 204a, the adjusting threaded sleeve 204b rotates and moves. The adjusting threaded sleeve 204b drives the adjusting plug 204c into the adjusting threaded tube 204a, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the adjusting threaded tube 204a. Water droplets in the first collecting frame 102c enter the adjusting shell 204e through the first collecting hole 102e, the adjusting threaded tube 204a, and the adjusting hole 204d. Water droplets in the adjusting shell 204e drip through the dropper head 204f. The dripping water droplets strike the impact plate 203d. The impact plate 203d causes the second substrate 203c to deform. The second substrate 203c causes the second friction electrode 203e to move the friction layer 203f away from the first friction electrode 203b. Through the continuous impact and bounce of the water droplets, the first friction electrode 203b and the friction layer 203f periodically contact and separate, thereby completing the collection of droplet energy.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] This is the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The difference from embodiment 3 is that the electrospinning process parameters for preparing polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene nanofiber membranes are adjusted, and an ionic salt additive with a mass fraction of 0.5% is added to the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene spinning solution.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] This is the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The difference from embodiment 4 is that the electrospinning process parameters for preparing polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene nanofiber membranes are adjusted, and an ionic salt additive with a mass fraction of 2.5% is added to the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene spinning solution.

[0079] Comparative Example 1: Scanning electron microscope image of the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene nanofiber membrane friction layer 203f prepared by Example 3 ( Figure 12 Compared with the smooth polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene thin film friction layer 203f prepared by the traditional spin coating method, the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene nanofiber has a rough surface, a fiber diameter of about 137.09 nm, and a larger specific surface area. When it comes into contact with the friction electrode, the fiber film has a larger contact area and better hydrophobicity.

[0080] Comparative Example 2: Scanning electron microscope image of the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene nanofiber membrane friction layer 203f prepared by Example 4 ( Figure 13 The nanofibers prepared in Example 4 have a larger diameter (around 165.2 nm) and a higher content of the polar crystalline phase β, resulting in an increased output voltage of the droplet power generation unit.

[0081] Comparative Example 3: Scanning electron microscope image of the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene nanofiber membrane friction layer 203f prepared by Example 5 ( Figure 14 The output voltage comparison diagram of the droplet power generation unit of the nanofiber membrane friction layer prepared in Examples 3, 4 and 5 of this invention is shown in the figure. Figure 15 The nanofibers prepared in Example 5 have a finer diameter (around 120.91 nm) than those prepared in Examples 3 and 4, and the content of the polar crystalline phase β is increased, resulting in a significant increase in the output voltage of the droplet power generation unit prepared by the nanofibers prepared in Example 5.

[0082] Furthermore, Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the change in water evaporation mass over time of the wood aerogel photothermal interface evaporator prepared in this invention under different simulated sunlight intensities. Figure 16 It can be seen that the water evaporation rate of the wood aerogel photothermal interface evaporation material also increases with the increase of light intensity.

[0083] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0084] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the currently considered best mode for carrying out the invention, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0085] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar-powered integrated device for collecting freshwater and droplets, characterized in that: include, The photothermal evaporation mechanism (100) includes a seawater tank (101), a light-transmitting part (102) disposed on the seawater tank (101), a middle-layer collection part (103) disposed on the light-transmitting part (102), a high-layer collection part (104) disposed on the light-transmitting part (102), a floating part (105) disposed inside the seawater tank (101), a flow guide part (106) disposed on the seawater tank (101), and an isolation part (107) disposed on the flow guide part (106). The droplet power generation mechanism (200) includes a storage section (201) disposed in the seawater tank (101), a protection section (202) disposed in the storage section (201), a power generation section (203) disposed on the protection section (202), and an adjustment section (204) disposed on the light-transmitting section (102), wherein the adjustment section (204) adjusts the speed at which water droplets fall into the storage section (201); The light-transmitting part (102) includes a light-transmitting box (102a) disposed on the seawater tank (101), an inclined surface (102b) disposed on the light-transmitting part (102), a first collection frame (102c) disposed in the light-transmitting box (102a), a first inclined plate (102d) disposed in the first collection frame (102c), and a first collection hole (102e) disposed on the first collection frame (102c). The floating part (105) includes a floating plate (105a) disposed in the seawater tank (101), a water-blocking plate (105b) disposed on the floating plate (105a), a drop collection frame (105c) disposed on the water-blocking plate (105b), and a slope plate (105d) disposed in the drop collection frame (105c). The flow guiding part (106) includes a water collection tank (106a) disposed on the seawater tank (101), a flow guiding pipe (106b) disposed on the water collection tank (106a) and connected to the floating plate (105a), a flow guiding channel (106c) disposed on the flow guiding pipe (106b), and a photothermal conversion column (106d) disposed on the floating plate (105a). The protection unit (202) includes a protective float plate (202a) disposed in the seawater tank (101), a protective through hole (202b) disposed on the protective float plate (202a), a mounting plate (202c) disposed on the protective float plate (202a), a protective plate (202d) disposed on the mounting plate (202c), a protective hole (202e) disposed on the protective plate (202d), a return water pipe (202f) disposed on the protective plate (202d) and adapted to the protective hole (202e), and a return water baffle (202g) disposed on the return water pipe (202f). The power generation unit (203) includes a first substrate (203a) disposed on the mounting plate (202c), a first friction electrode (203b) disposed on the first substrate (203a), a second substrate (203c) disposed on the mounting plate (202c), a striking plate (203d) disposed on the second substrate (203c), the striking plate (203d) being located directly below the first collection hole (102e), a second friction electrode (203e) disposed on the second substrate (203c), and a friction layer (203f) disposed on the second friction electrode (203e).

2. The solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle collection section (103) includes a second collection frame (103a) disposed inside the light-transmitting box (102a) and located above the first collection frame (102c), a second inclined plate (103b) disposed inside the second collection frame (103a), and a second collection hole (103c) disposed on the second collection frame (103a). The high-level collection section (104) includes a third collection frame (104a) disposed inside the light-transmitting box (102a) and located above the second collection frame (103a), a third inclined plate (104b) disposed inside the third collection frame (104a), and a third collection hole (104c) disposed on the third collection frame (104a).

3. The solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The isolation section (107) includes an isolation ring (107a) disposed on the floating plate (105a) and connected to the guide pipe (106b), an isolation water bag (107b) disposed between the isolation ring (107a) and the water collection tank (106a), a side water hole (107c) disposed on the water collection tank (106a), and an air pipe (107d) disposed on the water collection tank (106a).

4. The solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The storage unit (201) includes a drip frame (201a) disposed in the seawater tank (101), a storage tank (201b) disposed in the seawater tank (101), and a connecting hole (201c) disposed on the drip frame (201a).

5. The solar-driven freshwater and droplet energy collection integrated device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment unit (204) includes an adjustment threaded tube (204a) disposed on the first collection hole (102e), an adjustment threaded sleeve (204b) disposed on the adjustment threaded tube (204a), an adjustment plug (204c) disposed inside the adjustment threaded sleeve (204b), an adjustment hole (204d) disposed on the adjustment threaded sleeve (204b), an adjustment shell (204e) disposed on the adjustment hole (204d), and a dripper (204f) disposed on the adjustment shell (204e).

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