Method for protecting the top of an archaeological site

Abstract

The application provides a site top surface protection method, and relates to the technical field of ancient site protection. The method comprises the following steps: stripping and preserving the original soil cover of the site top surface where building diseases exist; laying a protection layer on the site top surface after repairing the building diseases; wherein the protection layer comprises at least one of a modified soil layer, a root-resistant layer and a sacrificial layer; and laying the original soil cover on the protection layer. By laying a protection layer on the site top surface after repairing the building diseases, the site top surface can be prevented from suffering from new building diseases. By laying the original soil cover on the protection layer, the local plants and local plant seeds in the original soil cover can absorb the growth substrate to form a vegetation protection layer, so that the protection layer of the site top surface is isolated from the open environment characterized by strong wind, strong light and strong evaporation, the protection layer of the site top surface is prevented from being eroded and dissipated, and the service life of the protection layer of the site top surface is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ancient site protection technology, and more specifically, to a method for protecting the top surface of an ancient site. Background Technology

[0002] Many existing archaeological sites suffer from structural damage due to historical weathering or other factors, and urgently require restoration. For sites covered with soil, such as the Great Wall and ancient cities, the original soil and vegetation layers covering the top of the site are removed during the restoration of the damaged areas. Taking the Great Wall as an example, after the original soil and vegetation layers are removed, the bricks on the top of the restored Great Wall will be in direct contact with the open environment. The open environment above the Great Wall is characterized by strong winds, strong sunlight, and strong evaporation, which can easily cause the bricks on the top of the Great Wall to crack. After the bricks crack, they are easily eroded by rainwater, which can lead to renewed structural damage to the Great Wall.

[0003] In existing methods of protecting the top surface of archaeological sites, a layer of modified soil is typically laid on the top surface (such as the roof bricks) after the repair of architectural defects as a protective layer. However, the protective layer laid on the top surface of the archaeological site is exposed to strong winds, strong sunlight, and strong evaporation, making it prone to drying shrinkage and cracking. It also has poor weather resistance. Generally, after 2-3 years, the bonding material of the protective layer will naturally dissolve under the influence of precipitation erosion and weathering, causing the protective layer to separate from the top surface of the archaeological site. This reduces the service life of the protective layer, leaving the top surface of the archaeological site in an open environment without a protective layer, which makes it very easy for new architectural defects to occur. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for protecting the top surface of an archaeological site, which can solve the technical problem that the protective layer has a short service life due to direct contact between the protective layer and the open environment.

[0005] This invention provides a method for protecting the top surface of an archaeological site, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] The original soil covering the top surface of the ruins with architectural defects was removed and preserved.

[0007] A protective layer is laid on the top surface of the site after the building defects are repaired; wherein the protective layer includes at least one of a modified soil layer, a root barrier layer and a sacrificial layer;

[0008] The original covering soil is laid on the protective layer.

[0009] Preferably, the step of stripping and preserving the original soil covering the top surface of the ruins with architectural defects includes:

[0010] The original topsoil covering the top surface of the site was removed and preserved.

[0011] The deep original soil layer beneath the surface original soil layer is stripped off and preserved.

[0012] Preferably, the protective layer includes a modified soil layer; wherein the modified soil layer is laid on the top surface of the site after the repair of the building defects;

[0013] The modified soil layer comprises loess, cement, and lime; wherein the volume percentage of loess ranges from 86% to 90%, the volume percentage of cement ranges from 5% to 9%, and the volume percentage of lime ranges from 5% to 9%.

[0014] Preferably, the protective layer includes a root barrier layer; wherein the root barrier layer is sprayed onto the modified soil layer;

[0015] The root barrier layer comprises a silicone-acrylic emulsion and a root barrier agent, wherein the root barrier agent comprises n-octyl propionate, polyethylene glycol, and copper chloride.

[0016] Preferably, the volume percentage of the silicone-acrylic emulsion in the root barrier layer is 70%-75%, and the volume percentage of the root barrier agent is 25%-30%.

[0017] Preferably, the root inhibitor contains 25%-34% n-octyl propionate, 25%-33% polyethylene glycol, and 33%-50% copper chloride by mass.

[0018] Preferably, the protective layer further includes a sacrificial layer; wherein the sacrificial layer is a turf roll and is laid on the root barrier layer.

[0019] Preferably, the grass species in the lawn roll has a plant height range of 10cm-15cm; and / or, the grass species includes tall fescue and / or Kentucky bluegrass.

[0020] Preferably, the step of laying the original cover soil on the protective layer includes:

[0021] The pre-stripped deep original overburden is laid on the sacrificial layer and compacted to form a deep original overburden layer with a first degree of compaction.

[0022] The pre-stripped surface soil is laid on the deep surface soil layer and compacted to form a surface soil layer with a second degree of compaction.

[0023] Preferably, the first compaction degree is in the range of 95%-98%;

[0024] The second compaction degree ranges from 90% to 95%.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the method for protecting the top surface of a site provided by this invention are as follows: Using this method, the original topsoil covering the site with architectural defects is peeled off and preserved. After the architectural defects on the top surface are repaired, a protective layer is laid on the top surface to protect it and prevent further architectural damage. Finally, the previously peeled-off original topsoil is laid on the protective layer. The original topsoil contains various native plants and seeds. After the original topsoil is laid on the protective layer, the native plants and seeds absorb nutrients to form a vegetation protective layer. This isolates the protective layer from open environments characterized by strong winds, strong sunlight, and high evaporation, preventing erosion and extending the service life of the protective layer.

[0026] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, or some features and advantages may be inferred from the description or determined without doubt, or may be learned by practicing the techniques described above in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing method for protecting the top surface of a historical site.

[0030] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for protecting the top surface of an archaeological site, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protection of the top surface of a Great Wall site provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 11-Top brick of the Great Wall ruins; 12-Modified soil protective layer; 31-Modified soil layer; 32-Root barrier layer; 33-Sacrificial layer; 34-Deep original overburden layer; 35-Top original overburden layer. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Currently, see as Figure 1 The diagram illustrates an existing method for protecting the top surface of a historical site. Taking the Great Wall as an example, current Great Wall site restoration techniques typically involve laying a modified soil protective layer 12 on the bricks 11 of the Great Wall site after repairing structural defects. This layer protects the top surface and prevents new structural damage. In this modified soil protective layer 12, loess accounts for 85% of the volume, cement 10%, and lime 5%. However, because this layer has no other covering material and is in direct contact with the open environment, it is susceptible to erosion from rainfall and weathering, causing it to dry out and lose its lifespan. Therefore, existing site restoration techniques suffer from the technical problem of a short lifespan due to the direct contact between the protective layer and the open environment. To address this issue, this invention provides a method for protecting the top surface of a historical site. This method can be applied to the protection of the site's top surface and avoids direct contact between the protective layer and the open environment. The following is a detailed description of this invention.

[0036] This invention provides a method for protecting the top surface of an archaeological site. This method can be applied to the protection of the top surface of an archaeological site, as shown in the example below. Figure 2 The flowchart shown illustrates a method for protecting the top surface of an archaeological site, which includes the following steps:

[0037] S210, the original soil covering the top surface of the ruins with architectural defects was removed and preserved;

[0038] Due to long-term weathering or other factors, the top surface of the site has been damaged, deformed, and collapsed. These conditions are collectively referred to as architectural defects. The soil that originally covered the area with architectural defects on the top surface of the site (i.e., the original soil cover) is stripped away to expose the top surface of the site, and the original soil cover is preserved.

[0039] S220, laying a protective layer on the top surface of the ruins after repairing the building's defects;

[0040] A protective layer is laid in the area after the repair of architectural defects on the top surface of the site to protect the top surface of the site and prevent new architectural defects from occurring. The protective layer includes at least one of the following: a modified soil layer, a root barrier layer, and a sacrificial layer. The modified soil layer is used to prevent water from seeping to the top surface of the site. The root barrier layer is used to prevent the roots of plants growing in the original soil from penetrating to the top surface of the site. The sacrificial layer is used to strengthen the structural strength of the upper soil layer and provide a growth substrate for plant growth.

[0041] S230, the original soil cover is laid on the protective layer;

[0042] The original topsoil that was previously stripped is laid on top of the protective layer to isolate the protective layer from the open environment, preventing the protective layer from drying out and cracking due to strong winds, strong sunlight, and strong evaporation. The original topsoil also protects the underlying protective layer and improves its service life.

[0043] The above-mentioned method for protecting the top surface of a site provided in this embodiment of the invention involves peeling off and preserving the original topsoil on the top surface of a site with architectural defects. After the architectural defects on the top surface of the site are repaired, a protective layer is laid on the top surface of the site to protect it from new architectural defects. Finally, the pre-peeled original topsoil is laid on the protective layer on the top surface of the site. The original topsoil contains a variety of native plants and seeds. After the original topsoil is laid on the protective layer, the native plants and seeds absorb nutrients to form a vegetation protective layer. This isolates the protective layer of the top surface of the site from the open environment characterized by strong winds, strong sunlight, and strong evaporation, preventing the protective layer of the top surface of the site from being eroded and dissipated, and extending the service life of the protective layer of the top surface of the site.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, step S210 includes:

[0045] S2102, the original topsoil covering the top of the site was removed and preserved;

[0046] The soil layer in which plant roots are concentrated and the soil on top of the concentrated soil layer are taken as the top layer of original soil. The top layer of original soil is peeled off and put into woven bags, and stored in a certain location in the area where the original soil has been peeled off on the top surface of the site.

[0047] S2104, stripping away and preserving the deep original soil layer beneath the surface original soil layer;

[0048] The soil layer from the concentrated distribution of plant roots in the original topsoil of the site to the surface of the site's top surface is regarded as the deep original topsoil. After the deep original topsoil is peeled off, it is piled up at a certain location in the area where the original topsoil has been peeled off on the top surface of the site.

[0049] The original soil covering the areas of the site with architectural defects was peeled off in layers and stored, thus protecting the original ecology of the site's top surface to the greatest extent possible.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the protective layer includes a modified soil layer; wherein the modified soil layer is laid on the top surface of the ruins after the repair of architectural defects; the modified soil layer includes loess, cement, and lime; wherein the volume percentage of loess ranges from 86% to 90%, preferably 90%; the volume percentage of cement ranges from 5% to 9%, preferably 5%; and the volume percentage of lime ranges from 5% to 9%, preferably 5%.

[0051] The modified soil layer preferably contains 90% loess, 5% cement, and 5% lime by volume. This layer is laid on the top surface of the site to prevent water from seeping into the top surface and even the interior of the site, reducing the possibility of architectural damage and protecting the site. At the same time, since the modified soil layer is no longer in direct contact with the open environment, the requirements for its strength and weather resistance are reduced. Therefore, compared with the existing technology, the modified soil layer increases the volume percentage of loess and reduces the volume percentage of cement, improving the coordination between the modified soil layer and the top surface of the site.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the protective layer includes a root barrier layer; wherein, the root barrier layer is sprayed onto the modified soil layer; the root barrier layer includes a silicone-acrylic emulsion and a root barrier agent, the root barrier agent includes n-octyl propionate, polyethylene glycol and copper chloride, and the main chemical components of the silicone-acrylic emulsion are propylene, silicone oil and organic acids, ethanol, etc.

[0053] The aforementioned root barrier layer can prevent the roots of plants in the original soil from penetrating to the top surface of the site, thus avoiding damage to the structural safety of the site and preventing the formation of new building defects. At the same time, the combination of the root barrier layer and the modified soil layer with improved proportions can achieve long-term protection of the top surface of the site.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, the volume percentage of silicone-acrylic emulsion in the root barrier layer ranges from 70% to 75%, and the volume percentage of the root barrier agent ranges from 25% to 30%.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the mass percentage of n-octyl propionate in the root inhibitor ranges from 25% to 34%, the mass percentage of polyethylene glycol ranges from 25% to 33%, and the mass percentage of copper chloride ranges from 33% to 50%.

[0056] Since the plants in the original soil cover are usually herbaceous plants, the preferred mass percentage of n-octyl propionate, polyethylene glycol, and copper chloride in the root barrier agent is 34%, 33%, and 33%, respectively. The preferred volume percentage of silicone acrylic emulsion and the preferred volume percentage of the root barrier agent in the root barrier layer is 70%. The root barrier layer obtained under this preferred ratio is more suitable for preventing the roots of herbaceous plants from penetrating to the top surface of the site.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the protective layer further includes a sacrificial layer; wherein the sacrificial layer is a turf roll and is laid on the root barrier layer.

[0058] The aforementioned turf rolls are custom-made commercial artificial turf rolls. After the sacrificial layer is laid, the original topsoil will cover it. The turf plants will die quickly, but the fibers of the turf plants will increase the structural strength of the original topsoil.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, the grass seed height in the lawn roll ranges from 10cm to 15cm; the grass seed includes at least one of tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass.

[0060] The aforementioned lawn rolls are made from tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass, which have high plant fiber content. The plant height range is also set. When the original topsoil is laid on the lawn rolls, it can achieve a good consolidation effect, which is beneficial to stabilizing the original topsoil layer.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, step S230 includes:

[0062] S2302, the pre-stripped deep original overburden is laid on the sacrificial layer and compacted to form a deep original overburden layer with the first degree of compaction;

[0063] By laying a deep layer of original soil on the sacrificial layer and compacting it, the sacrificial layer can be reinforced and connected to the surface soil layer. At the same time, the deep original soil layer and the sacrificial layer can jointly provide a growth substrate for plants and plant seeds in the surface original soil layer.

[0064] The range of the first compaction degree mentioned above is 95%-98%, with a preferred value of 95%;

[0065] S2304 involves laying the pre-stripped topsoil on the deep topsoil layer and compacting it to form a topsoil layer with a second degree of compaction.

[0066] The original topsoil contains a rich variety of plants and seeds adapted to the local environment. After the original topsoil layer is formed, each plant and seed absorbs the growth substrate, forming a vegetation protective layer that isolates the open environment.

[0067] The value of the second compaction degree mentioned above ranges from 90% to 95%, with a preferred value of 90%.

[0068] The above-mentioned compaction degree refers to the compaction degree of the topsoil layer. Assuming that the compaction degree of the original topsoil on the top surface of the site before stripping is 100%, by making the compaction degree of the top layer of the original topsoil layer covering the protective layer less than that of the deep original topsoil layer, the top layer of the original topsoil layer meets the soil looseness required for plant germination and growth, which is conducive to the rapid growth of plant seeds in the top layer of the original topsoil layer into a vegetation protective layer, thus improving the protection effect of the top surface of the site.

[0069] The method for protecting the top surface of the archaeological site provided in this embodiment improves the compatibility between the modified soil layer and the archaeological site top surface by laying a modified soil layer with an improved mix ratio, preventing water from seeping into the top surface and interior of the site, and reducing the possibility of architectural damage. By spraying a root-barrier layer onto the modified soil layer, it prevents plant roots in the original soil from penetrating to the top surface of the site, thus avoiding damage. Furthermore, by improving the material ratio of the root-barrier layer, it is more suitable for preventing the extension of the roots of herbaceous plants, which constitute a large proportion of the original soil. Laying turf rolls on top of the root-barrier layer as a sacrificial layer allows for the protection of tall plants. The fiber content and suitable plant height range ensure good consolidation after the deep original topsoil is laid on the sacrificial layer. At the same time, the death of turfgrass plants in the sacrificial layer provides a growth substrate for the growth of plants in the surface original topsoil. By laying a deep original topsoil layer on the sacrificial layer and compacting it, the sacrificial layer structure is reinforced, the surface original topsoil is connected, and a growth substrate is provided for the surface original topsoil. Plants and seeds adapted to the local environment in the surface original topsoil layer absorb the growth substrate, forming a vegetation protection layer. This avoids the protection layer from contact with open environments characterized by strong winds, strong sunlight, and strong evaporation, thus improving the service life of the protection layer.

[0070] The working principle or usage method of this invention will be further explained below with reference to a specific example:

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, loess, lime and cement in the modified soil layer can also be mixed in other volume ratios; silicone acrylic emulsion and root inhibitor in the root barrier layer can also be mixed in other volume ratios; n-octyl propionate, polyethylene glycol and copper chloride in the root inhibitor can also be mixed in other mass ratios; the sacrificial layer can also be made of grass species other than tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass, and the height of the lawn rolls can also be in other ranges.

[0072] This invention provides an example of applying the aforementioned method for protecting the top surface of a Great Wall site to lay a protective layer and the original topsoil after the site's top surface has been repaired. See example... Figure 3 The diagram shown illustrates a method for protecting the top surface of a Great Wall ruin. The specific implementation can be referenced in the following example:

[0073] S310, a layer of modified soil 31 with improved volume ratio is laid on the top brick 11 of the Great Wall site to isolate water and prevent water from seeping into the Great Wall site.

[0074] S320, a root barrier layer 32 is sprayed onto the modified soil layer 31. This layer is used to prevent plant roots from penetrating to the top surface of the Great Wall ruins.

[0075] S330, a layer of custom turf rolls is laid on the root barrier layer 32 as a sacrificial layer 33 to stabilize the deep original soil cover layer 34 and provide a growth substrate for the growth of plants in the surface original soil cover layer;

[0076] S340, a deep original soil layer is laid on the sacrificial layer 33 and compacted to form a deep original soil layer 34. This layer is used to reinforce the sacrificial layer 33, connect the surface original soil layer 35, and provide a growth substrate for the surface original soil layer 35.

[0077] S350, a topsoil layer 35 is formed by laying a topsoil layer on the deep original soil layer 34. This layer contains a variety of plants and plant seeds. After absorbing the growth substrate, it forms a vegetation protection layer to isolate the open environment.

[0078] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "horizontal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0079] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "installation" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of protecting a top surface of an archaeological site, characterized by, The method for protecting the top surface of the site includes the following steps: The original soil covering the top surface of the ruins with architectural defects was removed and preserved. A protective layer is laid on the top surface of the site after the building defects have been repaired; wherein, the protective layer includes a modified soil layer, a root barrier layer, and a sacrificial layer; the modified soil layer is laid on the top surface of the site after the building defects have been repaired; the modified soil layer includes loess, cement, and lime; the root barrier layer is sprayed onto the modified soil layer; the sacrificial layer is a turf roll and is laid on the root barrier layer; the grass species in the turf roll has a plant height range of 10cm-15cm; and / or, the grass species includes tall fescue and / or Kentucky bluegrass; The original covering soil is laid on the protective layer.

2. The method for protecting the top surface of an archaeological site according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of stripping and preserving the original soil covering the top surface of the ruins with architectural defects includes: The original topsoil covering the top surface of the site was removed and preserved. The deep original soil layer beneath the surface original soil layer is stripped off and preserved.

3. The method for protecting the top surface of an archaeological site according to claim 2, characterized in that, The volume percentage of loess is 86%-90%, the volume percentage of cement is 5%-9%, and the volume percentage of lime is 5%-9%.

4. The method for protecting the top surface of the archaeological site according to claim 3, characterized in that, The root barrier layer comprises a silicone-acrylic emulsion and a root barrier agent; The root inhibitor includes n-octyl propionate, polyethylene glycol, and copper chloride.

5. The method for protecting the top surface of the archaeological site according to claim 4, characterized in that, The volume percentage of the silicone-acrylic emulsion in the root barrier layer ranges from 70% to 75%, and the volume percentage of the root barrier agent ranges from 25% to 30%.

6. The method for protecting the top surface of the archaeological site according to claim 4, characterized in that, The root inhibitor contains octyl propionate in a mass ratio of 25%-34%, polyethylene glycol in a mass ratio of 25%-33%, and copper chloride in a mass ratio of 33%-50%.

7. The method for protecting the top surface of an archaeological site according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of laying the original cover soil on the protective layer includes: The pre-stripped deep original overburden is laid on the sacrificial layer and compacted to form a deep original overburden layer with a first degree of compaction. The pre-stripped surface soil is laid on the deep surface soil layer and compacted to form a surface soil layer with a second degree of compaction.

8. The method for protecting the top surface of an archaeological site according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first compaction degree ranges from 95% to 98%; The second compaction degree ranges from 90% to 95%.

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