A tea tree pest attractant composition and use

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of economic crop biological prevention and control, and provides a plant source attractant for Empoasca vitis and application thereof. The plant source attractant for Empoasca vitis is composed of farnesene, linalool and leaf alcohol. The attractant is placed at tea shoots in early spring and early autumn when adult insects occur, and can be prepared into a lure core and other preparation forms. In order to achieve better trapping effect, the attractant can be used in combination with a yellow yellow fever mosquito plate. The attractant is of plant source and is safe to the environment, has the characteristics of high efficiency, greenness and convenience, and has a wide industrialization prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biological control technology for economic crops, specifically relating to a tea tree pest attractant composition and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The information disclosed in this background section is intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0003] The tea green leafhopper, belonging to the family Cicadidae in the order Hemiptera, is also known as the leafhopper or tea leafhopper. It is prevalent in tea-producing regions throughout my country, with 8-12 generations per year, making it one of the major tea pests in the country. Both nymphs and adults feed primarily on the sap of tender tea shoots, leading to insufficient water and nutrients in the affected plants. This results in slow growth, curled buds and leaves, and reddish-brown scorching and hardening of leaf tips and margins, severely impacting the economic income of tea farmers. Currently, control methods for the tea green leafhopper mainly focus on chemical control. However, frequent use of chemical pesticides has led to resistance in some pesticides, and pesticide residues threaten human health and have adverse environmental impacts. Therefore, new and efficient control methods are urgently needed.

[0004] Plant volatiles are crucial clues for insects to locate hosts over long distances. Pests specifically detect volatiles released by plants, distinguishing between resistant crops or varieties based on the types and proportions of these volatiles. We screened several differentially released volatiles from the terminal shoot volatiles of two resistant tea varieties and two susceptible tea varieties, speculating that these compounds may be important substances influencing the host selection of the tea green leafhopper. If these compounds are formulated into leafhopper attractants for monitoring and control in tea gardens, they can effectively suppress the insect population in the early stages of infestation, thus controlling large-scale outbreaks. Yellow sticky traps are currently an important physical method for controlling tea garden pests, and their use in the early stages of outbreaks is effective in controlling the insect population. Combining volatiles that strongly attract the tea green leafhopper with yellow sticky traps to create a physicochemical trapping device will greatly improve insect attraction efficiency and reduce or avoid the negative effects of using chemical pesticides. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a plant-derived attractant for the tea green leafhopper, comprising the following components: farnesene, linalool, and leaf alcohol. This attractant has good insect-attracting effect, is environmentally safe, and features green, high efficiency, and convenience, with low cost and broad industrialization prospects.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide the application of the aforementioned plant-derived attractant in trapping the tea green leafhopper, placed on the tea shoots in early spring and autumn when the adults first emerge. For better trapping results, it is recommended to use it in conjunction with sticky traps, other insect-attracting tools, etc. This can effectively control large-scale outbreaks of the pest and reduce or avoid the use of chemical pesticides.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] A tea tree pest attractant composition comprising the following active ingredients: farnesene, linalool and leaf alcohol, in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0009] The tea tree pest is the tea green leafhopper. Since there is no difference in habitat, diet, and mode of damage between the nymphs and adults of the tea green leafhopper, the above-mentioned attractant composition can be applied to either nymphs or adults.

[0010] The above-mentioned attractant composition can be adsorbed or loaded onto an inert carrier to prepare an attractant for attracting the tea green leafhopper. The above-mentioned attractant composition or the attractant prepared therefrom can be used for the monitoring or control of the tea green leafhopper. The inert carrier can be paper, rubber, plastic, activated carbon, porous mineral adsorbents such as montmorillonite, silica, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, etc. The above-mentioned attractant composition or attractant may also include an insecticide; the insecticide targets the tea green leafhopper.

[0011] This invention also provides a method for attracting the tea green leafhopper using the above-mentioned attractant composition or attractant: the attractant composition or attractant is placed on the tea shoots in early spring and early autumn when the leafhoppers first appear. To enhance the attraction effect, it is recommended to use it in combination with other attraction methods, such as combining the above-mentioned attractant with sticky insect boards and various trapping devices. The trapping device can be a sticky insect board or a trap. The trapping device is placed 5-10 cm away from the tea shoots, with an effective ingredient dosage of 1-2 mg per square meter. In some embodiments, the above-mentioned attractant is attached to a yellow sticky insect board for combined physical and chemical attraction. The trapping device can be replaced periodically according to the number of adult tea green leafhoppers. To maintain a good attraction effect, the continuous attraction period is within 23 days, such as within 7 days, 10 days, 14 days, or 21 days. In some embodiments, a good attraction effect can still be maintained when used continuously for 7-14 days.

[0012] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0013] All experiments in this invention were conducted in ecological tea gardens with a need for tea green leafhopper control, making the data and conclusions more valuable for reference. The plant-derived attractant provided by this invention has a significant effect on attracting tea green leafhoppers. Combined with yellow sticky traps to form a combined physical and chemical trapping device, it can improve the insect-attracting efficiency of yellow sticky traps, enabling timely monitoring and control in the early stages of tea green leafhopper infestation, effectively preventing large-scale outbreaks of the pest. The attractant of this invention is a plant-derived component, environmentally safe, and characterized by high efficiency and greenness. The lure and combined physical and chemical trapping device described in this invention are easy to use, low in cost, and have broad industrialization prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A plot of experimental plots was set up for screening the composition and proportion of the inducing compounds;

[0015] Figure 2 Diagram showing the setup for a field experiment to attract the tea green leafhopper;

[0016] Figure 3 Yellow board used to lure tea green leafhoppers. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this application are not limited to the precise ranges or values; these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this application.

[0018] Example 1: Screening of the composition and proportion of inducing compounds

[0019] The experiment was conducted on September 20, 2022, in the ecological tea garden of Taishan Tea Valley in Daolang Town, Daiyue District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province. The tea garden does not use chemical pesticides all year round and the planted variety is Fuding white tea.

[0020] Table 1. Plant-derived attractant compositions for the tea green leafhopper

[0021]

[0022] Following the components and mass ratios in Table 1, the attractant composition was diluted to 100 μg / μL using n-hexane as the solvent. 250 μL was added to each empty rubber-tipped lure to prepare the plant-derived attractant composition for the tea green leafhopper. Three tea greenhouses with tea green leafhopper control needs were selected as three replicate experimental plots. The location and area of ​​each plot are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the different cells are spaced more than 15 m apart, and the following devices are randomly placed in each cell for processing:

[0023] (1) Attractant composition: consisting of an attractant lure and a white sticky insect board;

[0024] (2) Blank: A blank board without a lure core containing the lure composition.

[0025] Place the above device 5-10 cm away from the tea leaves, every 25 m 2 One sticky trap was placed. The number of insects trapped on the trap was investigated on day 3. The data from the field trapping experiment were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). Duncan's multiple test (p<0.05) was used to compare the differences between the means in pairs.

[0026] Table 2. Trapping results of the plant-derived attractant composition for the tea green leafhopper.

[0027]

[0028] Note: Data in the same column with the same letter after them indicate no significant difference (p>0.05), while data with different letters after them indicate significant difference (p<0.05, Duncan's method).

[0029] As shown in Table 2, the mixture of farnesene, linalool, and leaf alcohol in a 1:1:1 ratio attracted the most tea green leafhoppers, significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). This combination could be further developed into a tea green leafhopper attractant.

[0030] Example 2 Field Trial of Plant-Derived Attractant for Tea Green Leafhopper

[0031] The experiment was conducted on October 9, 2022, in an ecological tea garden in Beiya Village, Huamawan Township, Cuwen Scenic Area, Tai'an City, Shandong Province. The tea garden does not use chemical pesticides year-round and grows Fuding white tea.

[0032] Farnese, linalool, and leaf alcohol were mixed in a 1:1:1 ratio. Using n-hexane as a solvent, the attractant composition was diluted to 1, 10, and 100 μg / μL. 500 μL was added to each empty rubber lure core to prepare a plant-derived attractant for the tea green leafhopper. Three tea greenhouses with a need for tea green leafhopper control were selected as three replicate experimental plots. Each plot was approximately 2 acres in size, with intervals between plots exceeding 15 m. The following devices were randomly placed in each plot for treatment:

[0033] (1) Combined physical and chemical trapping: consisting of an attractant lure and a yellow sticky insect board;

[0034] (2) Single attractant: consists of an attractant lure and a white sticky insect board;

[0035] (3) Control: Yellow board without attractant core.

[0036] The test site conditions are as follows Figure 2 As shown. Place the above device 5-10 cm away from the tea leaves, every 25 m. 2 Place one sticky trap. On day 7 (October 16, 2022), day 14 (October 23, 2022), and day 23 (November 1, 2022), the number of insects attracted was investigated and the sticky trap was replaced.

[0037] Data from the field insect-attracting experiment were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). Duncan's multiple test (p<0.05) was used to compare differences between means in pairs. The fold increase was calculated using the following formula:

[0038] Growth multiplier = (Number of animals trapped by combined physical and chemical methods - Number of animals attracted by a single attractant) / Number of animals attracted by a single attractant.

[0039] Table 3. Attraction effects of different concentrations of attractants

[0040]

[0041] Note: Data in the same column with the same letter after them indicate no significant difference (p>0.05), while data with different letters after them indicate significant difference (p<0.05, Duncan's method).

[0042] As shown in Table 3, the combined physiochemical trapping of tea green leafhoppers yielded the highest number at a concentration of 100 μg / μL, with an average of 75.60 leafhoppers trapped on day 7, significantly higher than the other two concentrations (1 μg / μL and 10 μg / μL) and the control (p < 0.05). Therefore, this concentration was selected for subsequent experiments.

[0043] Table 4. Synergistic effect test results of plant-derived attractants for tea green leafhopper and yellow sticky traps.

[0044]

[0045] Note: Data in the same row with the same letter after it indicates no significant difference (p>0.05), while data with different letters after it indicates significant difference (p<0.05, Duncan's method).

[0046] As shown in Table 4, the trapping effect of the tea green leafhopper plant-derived attractant core combined with yellow sticky traps was greatly improved. Compared with the use of attractants alone, the trapping amount increased by 6.88 times when farnesene + linalool + leaf alcohol (1:1:1) was combined with yellow sticky traps.

[0047] Table 5 Results of the test on the effective period of the plant-derived attractant for the tea green leafhopper.

[0048]

[0049] Note: Data in the same column with the same letter after them indicate no significant difference (p>0.05), while data with different letters after them indicate significant difference (p<0.05, Duncan's method).

[0050] Table 5 shows that the combined physiochemical trapping device was significantly effective from day 7 to day 14, with the average number of tea green leafhoppers trapped being higher than the control. However, the effectiveness of the trapping device decreased on day 23. On days 7 and 14 after the lure was placed, the average number of tea green leafhoppers trapped by the farnese + linalool + leaf alcohol (1:1:1) trapping device was significantly higher than the control (p<0.05), at 75.60 and 50.40 respectively.

[0051] Example 3 Preparation of Tea Green Leafhopper Attractant

[0052] Farnese, linalool, and leaf alcohol are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. The mixture is then fed into the feed inlet of an extruder granulator at a ratio of 0.02%wt with low-temperature EVA resin particles. After melting at 60℃, the mixture is extruded and granulated to obtain olive-shaped tea green leafhopper attractant with a particle size of 0.5cm. This attractant can be used in conjunction with a trap for insect monitoring. The dosage of attractant is 5-10g per square meter.

[0053] Example 4: Preparation of yellow sticky traps for attracting the tea green leafhopper

[0054] Farnese, linalool, and leaf alcohol were mixed in a 1:1:1 ratio, and a stock solution was prepared using n-hexane as a solvent. The solution was then diluted with ethanol and sprayed onto a starch-based biodegradable plastic yellow board the size of an A5 sheet of paper, so that the effective dose reached 50mg / sheet. After the solvent evaporated, adhesive was sprayed on, release paper was attached, and the board was sealed in a packaging bag to obtain the yellow board for attracting the tea green leafhopper.

[0055] Example 5: Preparation of tea green leafhopper lure

[0056] A solution of farnesene, linalool, and leaf alcohol was prepared with hexanol in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. The solution was then added to the lure head to load an effective dose of 50 mg / piece. After the solvent evaporated, the tea green leafhopper lure was obtained.

[0057] Example 6 Preparation of Tea Green Leafhopper Attractant

[0058] Farnese, linalool, and leaf alcohol are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 and then added to 45g / L of high-efficiency cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate at a ratio of 0.15g / L to obtain an attractant, which can be used in conjunction with a trap for the control and monitoring of tea green leafhoppers.

Claims

1. A tea tree pest attractant composition, characterized in that, The active ingredients are farnesene, linalool and leaf alcohol in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; the tea tree pest is the tea green leafhopper.

2. The tea tree pest attractant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tea green leafhopper is a nymph and / or adult.

3. An attractant prepared from the tea tree pest attractant composition of claim 1.

4. The attractant according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes inert carriers.

5. The attractant according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inert carrier is selected from at least one of paper, rubber, plastic, activated carbon, and porous mineral adsorbents; The porous mineral adsorbent is selected from at least one of montmorillonite, silica, attapulgite, and diatomite.

6. The attractant according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes insecticides, which target the tea green leafhopper.

7. The application of a tea tree pest attractant composition as described in claim 1 or 2, or an attractant as described in any one of claims 3-6, in the monitoring or control of the tea green leafhopper.

8. A method for attracting tea green leafhoppers using a tea tree pest attractant composition as described in claim 1 or 2, or an attractant as described in any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Place the attractant composition or attractant on the tea shoots in early spring and early autumn; or Attach the attractant composition or attractant to the trapping device and place it on the tea shoots in early spring and early autumn.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The effective ingredient dosage is 1-2 mg per square meter; the trapping device is placed 5-10 cm away from the tea leaves.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The trapping device should not be used continuously for more than 23 days.

11. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The trapping device can be used continuously for 7-14 days.

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