Multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vine mulching based on different wind speeds

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds. It includes a frame and a housing. The lower end of the housing is open, and a screen box is located in the middle of the housing. A roller assembly is rotatably mounted inside the screen box. The roller assembly includes a central shaft, a support, a wind vane, and a lever. A cross-shaped support is mounted on the central shaft, and the wind vane and lever are symmetrically mounted on the outer end of the support. A partition is located inside the housing above the screen box, dividing the housing into a primary separation chamber and a secondary separation chamber that are connected in the upper part. The cross-section of the secondary separation chamber is larger than that of the primary separation chamber. One side of the upper part of the screen box is connected to the primary separation chamber. A clean film separation chamber is located on the outer side of the housing and is connected to the secondary separation chamber. A film suction fan is installed in the clean film separation chamber, and a material return mechanism is located at the bottom of the secondary separation chamber. This invention sets up multiple sorting chambers. The roller assembly generates high-pressure air while crushing the peanut vines and the film, and the wind speed in each sorting chamber is different, thoroughly separating the film.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to sorting equipment, and in particular to a multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds. Background Technology

[0002] Peanut vines are used as animal feed due to their rich nutritional value. Peanuts are covered with a thin film during planting, and this film remains on the vines after harvest. After the vines are crushed, the film needs to be removed. Currently, the film-covered vines are sorted using air separation based on the weight difference between the film and the vines. Existing sorting equipment is inefficient, with a low sorting rate of only about 60%, and low yield. Patent CN106622575B discloses a spiral-type film-covered peanut vine sorting device, but it also has low yield. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, thereby providing a multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0005] A multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vine mulching based on different wind speeds includes a frame and a housing placed on the frame. The lower end of the housing is open. A screen box is provided in the middle of the housing. A roller assembly is rotatably installed in the screen box. The roller assembly includes a central shaft, a support, a wind vane, and a lever. A cross-shaped support is provided on the central shaft. The wind vane and lever are symmetrically provided at the outer end of the support. A partition is provided in the housing above the screen box, dividing the housing into a primary separation chamber and a secondary separation chamber that are connected in the upper part. The cross-section of the secondary separation chamber is larger than that of the primary separation chamber. One side of the upper part of the screen box is connected to the primary separation chamber. A clean film separation chamber is provided on the outer side of the housing and is connected to the secondary separation chamber. A film suction fan is installed in the clean film separation chamber. A material return mechanism is provided at the lower part of the secondary separation chamber.

[0006] The sorting method of the above-mentioned multi-stage reciprocating sorter for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Peanut vines covered with film are fed into the screen box by the conveyor belt through the feed chute of the shell and the feed inlet of the screen box;

[0008] S2. The power mechanism drives the roller assembly to rotate, and the roller assembly breaks the peanut vines covered with film. The wind plate generates high-pressure air, which blows the segments, leaves and film of the peanut vines into the primary separation chamber. The wind speed in the primary separation chamber is at least 4 m / s. The coarse segments of the peanut vines are attached to the inner wall of the shell by the wind pressure. The weight and friction of the coarse segments of the peanut vines are greater than the wind force, so they no longer rise and slide into the screen box, and fall from the screen box onto the flat screen.

[0009] S3. The mulch, peanut vine segments, and broken leaves enter the secondary separation chamber under the action of wind pressure. The wind speed in the secondary separation chamber drops to 2 m / s. The mulch is in a floating state. Under the action of positive wind pressure and the suction fan, the mulch enters the clean film separation chamber and is sucked out by the suction fan.

[0010] S4. In the secondary separation chamber, the small segments of peanut vines, the film wrapped around the small segments, and the broken leaves fall into the return trough under the action of gravity. The screw conveyor sends the small segments and the film wrapped around the small segments into the screen box for further crushing, so that the film and the small segments are separated and enter the next separation cycle until the film is selected.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, which adopts the above technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1) Set up a multi-stage sorting chamber. The roller assembly generates high-pressure air while crushing peanut vines and film. The wind speed in each sorting chamber is different, which separates the peanut vines from the film step by step, thereby completely separating the film.

[0013] 2) The return mechanism in the secondary separation chamber transports the incompletely separated film and peanut vines back to the sieve box for repeated screening, which greatly improves the sorting rate to 98%-99%, improves the sorting quality, and multiplies the yield.

[0014] Furthermore, the optimized solution of the present invention is:

[0015] The material return mechanism includes a material return trough and a screw conveyor. The material return trough is U-shaped, and the screw conveyor is placed inside the material return trough and connected to the housing. One end of the material return trough is connected to the feed inlet of the screen box.

[0016] The return trough includes a vertical plate, a bottom plate, a partition plate, and an inclined plate. The vertical plate is fixed to the partition plate via the horizontal bottom plate, and the upper part of the vertical plate is fixed to the inner wall of the shell via the inclined plate.

[0017] The wind vane is placed at the end of the horizontal bar of the support, and the end of the vertical bar of the support is provided with a connecting rod, and multiple levers are provided on the outside of the connecting rod.

[0018] An inclined guide plate is provided between the lower edge of the discharge port of the screen box and the inner wall of the shell.

[0019] A flat screen is provided on the upper part of the frame.

[0020] One end of the central shaft is connected to the power mechanism for transmission, and the other end of the central shaft is connected to the screw conveyor and the flat screen for transmission respectively.

[0021] The cross-sectional ratio of the secondary separation chamber to the primary separation chamber is at least 2:1, and the wind speed ratio of the secondary separation chamber to the primary separation chamber is at least 2:1.

[0022] The membrane separation chamber includes an outer side plate, a rear wall plate of the shell, and a lower end plate. The outer side plate is placed outside the rear wall plate, and the lower end of the outer side plate is fixed to the rear wall plate through the lower end plate. A membrane suction fan is installed on the outer side of the outer side plate. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB section view;

[0026] Figure 4 This is the main view of the scroll component;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The left view.

[0029] In the diagram: Frame 1; Support leg 1-1; Shell 2; Front wall panel 2-1; Rear wall panel 2-2; Top plate 2-3; Feed chute 2-4; Screen box 3; Discharge port 3-1; Guide plate 3-2; Roller assembly 4; Central shaft 4-1; Support 4-2; Horizontal bar 4-2-1; Vertical bar 4-2-2; Connecting rod 4-2-3; Air vane 4-3; Pulley 4-4; Partition plate 5; Primary separation chamber 6; Secondary separation chamber 7; Return material mechanism 8; Return material chute 8-1; Vertical plate 8-1-1; Bottom plate 8-1-2; Inclined plate 8-1-3; Screw conveyor 8-2; Clean film separation chamber 9; Outer side plate 9-1; Lower end plate 9-2; Film suction fan 10; Flat screen 11; Adsorption fan 12; Conveyor belt 13; Discharge conveyor belt 14; Belt 15; Motor 16. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] See Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides a multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds. It mainly consists of a frame 1, a shell 2, a screen box 3, a roller assembly 4, a partition 5, a primary separation chamber 6, a secondary separation chamber 7, a return material mechanism 8, and a clean film separation chamber 9. The frame 1 is a rectangular welded component, with support legs 1-1 at the four corners of its bottom surface.

[0032] A rectangular housing 2 is mounted on the upper part of the frame 1, extending along the length of the frame 1. The housing 2 mainly consists of a front wall panel 2-1, a rear wall panel 2-2, a top panel 2-3, a left end panel, and a right end panel. A gap is left between the upper end of the rear wall panel 2-2 and the top panel 2-3; this gap serves as a clean film separation hole. The lower end of the housing 2 is open. A screen box 3 is located in the middle of the housing 2. The screen box 3 is circular, with screen plates at its bottom. The diameter of the screen box 3 is adapted to the width of the housing 2. A feed inlet is located at one end of the screen box 3, and a feed trough 2-4 corresponding to the feed inlet is installed on the rear wall panel 2-2 of the housing 2.

[0033] The screen box 3 is equipped with a roller assembly 4, which mainly consists of a central shaft 4-1, a bracket 4-2, an air plate 4-3, and a lever 4-4. Figures 4-6 As shown, the two ends of the central shaft 4-1 pass through the left and right end plates of the housing 2, respectively. The central shaft 4-1 is rotatably connected to the left and right end plates via bearing seats. Four sets of supports 4-2 are welded onto the central shaft 4-1. The supports 4-2 are cross-shaped and made of rectangular tubing with dimensions of 60×40×3.5 mm. Each horizontal rod 4-2-1 is 239 mm long, and each vertical rod 4-2-2 is 289 mm long. A wind plate 4-3 is welded between the outer ends of the four horizontal rods 4-2-1. The wind plate 4-3 is radially arranged and has dimensions of 2800×150×6 mm. The wind plate 4-3 generates high-pressure air when it rotates with the central shaft 4-1.

[0034] Connecting rods 4-2-3 are welded between the outer ends of the four vertical rods 4-2-2. The connecting rods 4-2-3 are rectangular tubes with specifications of 60×40×3.5 mm and a length of 2800 mm. Multiple radial levers 4-4 are welded to the end face of the connecting rods 4-2-3 away from the central axis 4-1. The levers 4-4 are evenly distributed and are made of round steel with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 80 mm. The levers 4-4 play the role of crushing peanut vines and covering film, and throw the crushed covering film and peanut vines out of the sieve box 3 under the action of high pressure air.

[0035] A partition 5 is provided inside the shell 2 above the screen box 3. The partition 5 is arranged along the length of the screen box 3. A distance is left between the upper end of the partition 5 and the top plate 2-3. The partition 5 divides the shell 2 above the screen box 3 into a primary separation chamber 6 and a secondary separation chamber 7. The space between the partition 5 and the front wall plate 2-1 is the primary separation chamber 6, and the space between the partition 5 and the rear wall plate 2-2 is the secondary separation chamber 7. The upper part of the primary separation chamber 6 and the upper part of the secondary separation chamber 7 are connected. The cross-sectional ratio of the secondary separation chamber 7 to the primary separation chamber 6 is at least 2:1, and the wind speed ratio of the primary separation chamber 6 to the secondary separation chamber 7 is at least 2:1.

[0036] A slanted discharge port 3-1 is provided on one side of the upper part of the screen box 3. The upper edge of the discharge port 3-1 is connected to the partition plate 5. An inclined guide plate 3-2 is welded between the lower edge of the discharge port 3-1 and the front wall plate 2-1. The crushed peanut vines and the covering film enter the primary separation chamber 6 through the discharge port 3-1. The lower part of the secondary separation chamber 7 is provided with a return mechanism 8. The return mechanism 8 is mainly composed of a return trough 8-1 and a screw conveyor 8-2. The return trough 8-1 is U-shaped and is composed of a vertical plate 8-1-1, a bottom plate 8-1-2, a partition plate 5, and an inclined plate 8-1-3. The vertical plate 8-1-1 is close to the rear wall plate 2-2. The lower end of the vertical plate 8-1-1 is welded to the partition plate 5 through the horizontal bottom plate 8-1-2. The upper part of the vertical plate 8-1-1 is welded to the rear wall plate 2-2 through the inclined plate 8-1-3. The screw conveyor 8-2 is placed inside the return trough 8-1. The drive shafts at both ends of the screw conveyor 8-2 are rotatably connected to the housing 2 through bearing seats. One end of the return trough 8-1 is connected to the screen box 3. After the high-pressure air enters the secondary separation chamber 7 from the primary separation chamber 6, the air velocity decreases, causing the film to float on the upper part of the secondary separation chamber 7.

[0037] A membrane separation chamber 9 is provided on the upper rear side of the shell 2. The membrane separation chamber 9 is composed of an outer side plate 9-1, a rear wall plate 2-2, and a lower end plate 9-2. The outer side plate 9-1 is placed outside the rear wall plate 2-2, and the lower end of the outer side plate 9-1 is welded to the rear wall plate 2-2 through the lower end plate 9-2. The membrane separation chamber 9 is connected to the secondary separation chamber 7 through a membrane separation hole. A membrane suction fan 10 is installed on the outer side of the outer side plate 9-1. The membrane floating in the secondary separation chamber 7 enters the membrane separation chamber 9 through the membrane separation hole, and the membrane suction fan 10 sucks the membrane out.

[0038] A flat screen 11 is installed on the upper part of the frame 1. The right end of the central shaft 4-1 is connected to the motor 16 via a belt 15, and the left end of the central shaft 4-1 is connected to the drive shaft of the screw conveyor 8-2 and the drive shaft of the flat screen 11 via belts 15. The front side of the flat screen 11 extends out of the housing 2 and an adsorption fan 12 is installed on top of it. The adsorption fan 12 performs a final selection on the selected peanut vines covered with film.

[0039] The sorting method of the multi-stage reciprocating sorter for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds is carried out according to the following steps:

[0040] S1. Peanut vines covered with film are conveyed by conveyor belt 13 through the feed trough 2-4 of shell 2 and the feed inlet of screen box 3 into screen box 3;

[0041] S2. The motor 16 drives the roller assembly 4 to rotate at high speed. The lever 4-4 of the roller assembly 4 breaks the peanut vines covered with film. The wind plate 4-3 rotates to generate high-pressure air. The high-pressure air blows the segments of peanut vines, broken leaves and film into the primary separation chamber 6. The wind speed in the primary separation chamber 6 is 4-8 m / s, preferably 4 m / s. The coarse segments of peanut vines are adhered to the inner wall of the front wall plate 2-1 of the shell 2 by the wind pressure of the high-pressure air. The weight and friction of the coarse segments of peanut vines are greater than the wind force, so they no longer rise and slide into the screen box 3. From the screen box 3, they fall onto the flat screen 11. The coarse segments wrapped with film continue to be broken in the screen box 3.

[0042] S3. The mulch, peanut vine segments and broken leaves enter the secondary separation chamber 7 under the action of wind pressure. The wind speed in the secondary separation chamber 7 drops to 2 m / s. The mulch is in a floating state. Under the action of positive wind pressure and suction fan 10, the mulch enters the clean film separation chamber 9 and is sucked out by suction fan 10.

[0043] S4. The peanut vine segments, the film wrapped around the segments, and the broken leaves in the secondary separation chamber 7 fall into the return trough 8-1 under gravity. The screw conveyor 8-2 sends the segments, the film wrapped around the segments, and the broken leaves into the screen box 3 for further crushing, so that the film and the segments are separated and enter the next separation cycle until the film is selected. After the adsorption fan 12 performs the final selection of the film on the flat screen 11, the peanut vines enter the discharge conveyor belt 14.

[0044] This invention has been put into production and has greatly improved the sorting rate to 98%-99%, improved the sorting quality, multiplied the output, and reduced the production cost.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds, comprising a frame and a housing placed on the frame, the lower end of the housing being open, characterized in that: The shell contains a sieve box in the middle, and a roller assembly is rotatably installed inside the sieve box. The roller assembly includes a central shaft, a bracket, a wind plate, and a lever. A cross-shaped bracket is provided on the central shaft, and a wind plate and a lever are symmetrically provided on the outer end of the bracket. The shell above the screen box is equipped with a partition, which divides the shell into a primary separation chamber and a secondary separation chamber that are connected in the upper part. The cross-section of the secondary separation chamber is larger than that of the primary separation chamber. One side of the upper part of the screen box is connected to the primary separation chamber. The outer side of the shell is equipped with a clean film separation chamber that is connected to the secondary separation chamber. A film suction fan is installed in the clean film separation chamber. A material return mechanism is provided at the bottom of the secondary separation chamber. The material return mechanism includes a material return trough and a screw conveyor. The material return trough is U-shaped, and the screw conveyor is placed inside the material return trough and connected to the housing. One end of the material return trough is connected to the feed inlet of the screen box. The wind vane is placed at the end of the horizontal bar of the support, and the end of the vertical bar of the support is provided with a connecting rod, and multiple levers are provided on the outside of the connecting rod.

2. The multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The return trough includes a vertical plate, a bottom plate, a partition plate, and an inclined plate. The vertical plate is fixed to the partition plate via the horizontal bottom plate, and the upper part of the vertical plate is fixed to the inner wall of the shell via the inclined plate.

3. The multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined guide plate is provided between the lower edge of the discharge port of the screen box and the inner wall of the shell.

4. The multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A flat screen is provided on the upper part of the frame.

5. The multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the central shaft is connected to the power mechanism for transmission, and the other end of the central shaft is connected to the screw conveyor and the flat screen for transmission respectively.

6. The multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional ratio of the secondary separation chamber to the primary separation chamber is at least 2:1, and the wind speed ratio of the primary separation chamber to the secondary separation chamber is at least 2:

1.

7. The multi-stage reciprocating sorting machine for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane separation chamber includes an outer side plate, a rear wall plate of the shell, and a lower end plate. The outer side plate is placed outside the rear wall plate, and the lower end of the outer side plate is fixed to the rear wall plate through the lower end plate. A membrane suction fan is installed on the outer side of the outer side plate.

8. A sorting method for a multi-stage reciprocating sorter for peanut vines covered with film based on different wind speeds, as described in any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: S1. Peanut vines covered with film are fed into the screen box by the conveyor belt through the feed chute of the shell and the feed inlet of the screen box; S2. The power mechanism drives the roller assembly to rotate, and the roller assembly breaks the peanut vines covered with film. The wind plate generates high-pressure air, which blows the segments of peanut vines, broken leaves and film into the primary separation chamber. The wind speed in the primary separation chamber is at least 4 m / s. The coarse segments of peanut vines are adhered to the inner wall of the shell by the wind pressure. The weight and friction of the coarse segments of peanut vines are greater than the wind force, so they no longer rise and slide into the screen box, and fall from the screen box onto the flat screen. S3. The mulch, peanut vine segments, and broken leaves enter the secondary separation chamber under the action of wind pressure. The wind speed in the secondary separation chamber drops to 2 m / s. The mulch is in a floating state. Under the action of positive wind pressure and the suction fan, the mulch enters the clean film separation chamber and is sucked out by the suction fan. S4. In the secondary separation chamber, the small segments of peanut vines, the film wrapped around the small segments, and the broken leaves fall into the return trough under the action of gravity. The screw conveyor sends the small segments and the film wrapped around the small segments into the screen box for further crushing, so that the film and the small segments are separated and enter the next separation cycle until the film is selected.

Images