Wheelset tread damage detection device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of wheel set flaw detection equipment, and discloses a wheel set tread damage detection device, which comprises a first component and a second component arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, a reset mechanism and a plurality of translation mechanisms; the reset mechanism is used for driving the first component and the second component to reset after relative movement; the plurality of translation mechanisms are arranged between the first component and the second component; the translation mechanism comprises a first swing arm and a second swing arm; the first swing arm is hinged to the first component; the second swing arm is hinged to the second component, and the second swing arm is hinged to the first swing arm; a damping assembly is arranged between the first swing arm and the second swing arm. The application can inhibit the oscillation of the reset mechanism, thereby effectively improving the detection precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of wheelset flaw detection equipment, and particularly relates to a wheelset tread damage detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Damage to train wheels can originate from a variety of causes. Some are due to uneven wear between the wheels and rails during high-speed operation, resulting in wheels that are not round. Others are due to factors such as emergency braking, poor brake release, or large differences in wheel diameter within the same wheelset, causing the wheels to slide on the rail surface and resulting in one or more pieces of flat damage to the tread. Still others are due to material defects during the wheel casting process, causing localized peeling or detachment of the tread.

[0003] To ensure train operation safety, current methods primarily rely on dynamic wheelset fault detection systems to detect wheelset tread damage. Online through-feed inspection systems, however, are mainly based on contact-based detection methods and are suitable for trains traveling at lower speeds (below 15 km / h). When a wheel passes over the detection device, a reset mechanism is needed to ensure contact between the device and the wheel, and displacement sensors are used to detect defects in the wheel tread. Generally, when the reset mechanism is impacted by the wheel, it causes vibrations in the detection device, affecting detection accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a wheelset tread damage detection device that can suppress the oscillation of the reset mechanism, thereby effectively improving detection accuracy.

[0005] The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A wheelset tread damage detection device, comprising:

[0007] The first and second components are arranged vertically and parallel to each other.

[0008] A reset mechanism is used to reset the first component and the second component after driving relative movement; and

[0009] Multiple translational mechanisms are disposed between the first component and the second component, the translational mechanisms including:

[0010] A first swing arm, the first swing arm and a first component are hinged together; and

[0011] The second swing arm is hinged to the second component, and the second swing arm is hinged to the first swing arm;

[0012] A damping assembly is provided between the first swing arm and the second swing arm.

[0013] When the train contacts the second component and enters the wheelset tread damage detection device, multiple reset mechanisms deform synchronously, and the second component moves toward the first component. This causes the first and second swing arms in the translation mechanism to move closer to each other. During this process, the train impacts the second component, resulting in significant oscillations. However, the damping effect of the damping component greatly suppresses these oscillations, thus better meeting the high-precision requirements of wheelset tread damage detection. After the train leaves the second component, the reset mechanism resets synchronously. Under its reset force, the first and second swing arms move away from each other, thus preparing for the next wheelset to be detected.

[0014] Preferably, the damping component is connected to the second swing arm and slides with the first swing arm;

[0015] The damping component slides along a plane perpendicular to the track surface.

[0016] The relative movement of the first component and the second component is in the vertical direction, that is, the relative movement of the first component and the second component is along a plane perpendicular to the rail surface. Therefore, based on the hinge of the first swing arm and the second swing arm, the damping component can slide along a plane perpendicular to the rail surface to adapt to the deformation direction of the reset mechanism, thereby better satisfying the oscillation buffer of the reset mechanism and thus achieving oscillation suppression of the reset mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the damping component includes:

[0018] A connecting rod, the end of which is connected to a second swing arm, and the connecting rod slidingly engaging with a first swing arm; and

[0019] A damping component is sleeved on the connecting rod and abuts between the first swing arm and the second swing arm.

[0020] The damping assembly connects the first and second swing arms via a connecting rod. Furthermore, a damping component is incorporated, allowing the damping component to move along the connecting rod. In other words, when the first and second swing arms move relative to each other, the connecting rod slides along a plane perpendicular to the rail surface. Simultaneously, the damping component also slides along a plane perpendicular to the rail surface. Therefore, during the relative movement of the first and second swing arms, the damping component and the first swing arm continuously generate sliding friction, thereby achieving the effect of oscillation suppression.

[0021] Preferably, the damping component includes:

[0022] Multiple connected disc springs, wherein the disc springs are in a compressed state; or

[0023] A cylindrical spring, wherein the cylindrical spring is in a compressed state.

[0024] Both the compressed disc spring and the cylindrical spring can provide elastic damping during the relative movement of the first and second components, thereby continuously providing sliding friction during the relative movement of the first and second swing arms, thus ensuring the smoothness of the movement while suppressing the oscillation of the reset mechanism.

[0025] Preferably, multiple disc springs are connected in opposite directions.

[0026] In the testing device, the damping component has a smaller installation volume, while the cylindrical spring has a longer length and a relatively larger K-value variation over a longer range. However, in a smaller space, the elastic force of the cylindrical spring under compression is weaker. Although the deformation stroke of the disc spring is smaller, it can still achieve a larger K-value variation in a smaller installation space. Therefore, compared with the cylindrical spring, it achieves a better damping effect in a small space. When disc springs are connected in opposite directions, it is equivalent to doubling the deformation stroke of the disc spring. At this time, the effect of doubling the force and keeping the stroke the same can be achieved. Therefore, under the same force, multiple disc springs connected in opposite directions can have a larger deformation stroke than cylindrical springs without changing the K-value variation curve, thus better meeting the application requirements of friction damping.

[0027] Preferably, the first swing arm is provided with a support, the support is provided with a limiting hole, the connecting rod slides in the limiting hole, and the damping component abuts against the support;

[0028] The damping component is disposed on at least one side of the support.

[0029] For some damping components, their structure is large and long, making it impossible to install and apply them in a small space. When the assembly space is limited, the damping component may have to be eliminated. Therefore, using supports can save assembly space. With the reset mechanism ensuring sufficient deformation reset, the damping component can be installed and well applied in the testing device, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test data.

[0030] Preferably, the second swing arm is provided with a clearance hole in the middle, and the support moves within the clearance hole when the first component and the second component move relative to each other.

[0031] The clearance hole fits into the support, further reducing the installation space of the damping component, and enabling the first and second swing arms to maintain flexible movement and not get stuck under the action of the damping component.

[0032] Preferably, damping components are provided on both sides of the support, and both ends of the connecting rod are threadedly connected to the second swing arm. The damping of the damping component on the same side can be adjusted by adjusting the thread feed on either side.

[0033] The deformation of the damping component can be adjusted by means of a threaded connection. The larger the thread feed, the closer the contact between the damping component and the first and second swing arms, and the greater the damping. The smaller the thread feed, the looser the contact between the damping component and the first and second swing arms, and the smaller the damping. This achieves damping adjustment.

[0034] Preferably, each of the connecting rods has a tightening ring threadedly connected to the second swing arm at its far ends, which is used to limit the axial movement of the connecting rod.

[0035] The parallel ring enables the damping assembly to be axially positioned on the connecting rod and maintains the relative position of the connecting rod between the first and second swing arms, thereby enabling the damping assembly to provide frictional damping more stably.

[0036] Preferably, a friction plate is provided between the damping component and the first swing arm.

[0037] The friction pad can prevent the damping components from wearing down the first swing arm, thereby extending the service life of the first swing arm.

[0038] Compared with existing technologies, this invention enables the addition of damping components to the detection device with only a small installation space, and allows the damping components to suppress the oscillation of the reset mechanism through friction damping. This results in higher accuracy detection data when the detection device detects wheel tread damage. This invention preferably uses multiple disc springs that are connected in opposite directions and in a compressed state, so that even with a large deformation stroke, the K value can remain constant or change only slightly in a smaller installation space, thereby achieving a better friction damping effect. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is an application diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the first swing arm and the second swing arm in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the damping component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A sectional view.

[0043] In the diagram: 1-First component; 2-Second component; 3-First swing arm; 4-Second swing arm; 5-Connecting rod; 6-Damping component; 7-Support; 8-Limiting hole; 9-Allowing hole; 10-Column head; 11-Nut; 12-Tightening ring; 13-Friction plate. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0045] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a wheelset tread damage detection device includes a first component 1 and a second component 2 arranged vertically in parallel, a reset mechanism, and multiple translational mechanisms. The reset mechanism is used to reset the first component 1 and the second component 2 after relative movement. The multiple translational mechanisms are arranged between the first component 1 and the second component 2. Each translational mechanism includes a first swing arm 3 and a second swing arm 4. The first swing arm 3 is hinged to the first component 1. The second swing arm 4 is hinged to the second component 2, and the second swing arm 4 is hinged to the first swing arm 3. A damping assembly is provided between the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first component 1 and the second component 2 are the upper and lower translational bars of the detection device, respectively. In other embodiments, the first component 1 may be a translational bar, and the second component 2 may be a base. Taking the upper and lower translational bars as examples, the lower translational bar is relatively stationary. When the train travels at low speed to the detection device, the wheelset contacts the upper translational bar. Under the action of multiple translational mechanisms, the upper translational bar moves parallel to the lower translational bar relative to it. Therefore, it can be understood that in the initial state, the upper translational bar is parallel to the lower translational bar. When the wheelset contacts the upper translational bar, the upper translational bar moves relative to the lower translational bar, and during the movement, the upper translational bar remains parallel to the lower translational bar. During this process, the reset mechanism deforms and resets after the wheelset leaves the upper translational bar, thereby causing the upper translational bar to move in the opposite direction relative to the lower translational bar and reset. In this embodiment, the damping assembly maintains the contact between the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4, and achieves elastic oscillation of the reset mechanism by providing frictional damping, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the wheelset tread. Furthermore, the damping assembly is connected to the second swing arm 4 and slidably engaged with the first swing arm 3; the damping assembly slides along a plane perpendicular to the rail surface. The damping assembly is stationary relative to the second swing arm 4. Therefore, when the wheelset contacts the upper translation bar, the first swing arm 3 moves towards the lower translation bar, possessing not only linear displacement with the lower translation bar but also rotational position relative to it. Thus, during this process, the damping assembly and the first swing arm 3 are slidably engaged, ensuring that the movement path does not interfere with each other, while maintaining the damping assembly relative to the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4.

[0047] It should be noted that the reset mechanism is generally implemented through a guide mechanism and an elastic element. The guide mechanism includes a slide rail and a slider that slide against each other. Generally, the detection device also has a base. One of the base and the upper translation bar is equipped with a slide rail, and the other with a slider. The guiding direction of the guide mechanism is perpendicular to the rail surface. Therefore, the deformation direction of the elastic element is configured to be parallel to the guiding direction of the guide mechanism, thereby satisfying the motion reset requirement of the upper translation bar. In other technical solutions, a torsion spring is provided at the hinge of the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4 to achieve the reset of the upper translation bar.

[0048] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the damping assembly includes a connecting rod 5 and a damping component 6. The end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the second swing arm 4, and the connecting rod 5 is slidably engaged with the first swing arm 3. The damping component 6 is sleeved on the connecting rod 5, and it abuts between the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4. One side of the damping component 6 abuts against the outer side of the first component 1, and the other side abuts against the inner side of the second component 2. Therefore, by adjusting the distance between the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4, the compression of the damping component 6 can be adjusted, thereby selectively configuring the magnitude of friction damping.

[0049] In some technical solutions of this embodiment, the damping component 6 includes a cylindrical spring in a compressed state. However, while a cylindrical spring can be used in a small installation space, its deformation range is limited due to its limited travel within that space. In other words, the spring's elasticity is weak under stress in a small space, making it difficult to achieve stable contact between the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4, thus failing to effectively provide continuous frictional damping. Therefore, to better utilize this embodiment, the damping component 6 includes multiple connected disc springs in a compressed state. The disc springs themselves have a small deformation travel and can obtain a large elastic force within that small travel, making them suitable for installation in small spaces. That is, the disc springs are more suitable for continuous pressure contact between the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4 in the detection device. In other words, the disc springs can continuously output deformation force to the first swing arm 3, thereby better mitigating or eliminating the oscillation caused by the reset mechanism when the first swing arm 3 moves relative to the second swing arm 4. Figure 4As shown, multiple disc springs are further connected in opposite directions. For any two adjacent disc springs, their deformation directions are opposite, meaning that their simultaneous deformation expands the deformation stroke. Therefore, their deformation force is also correspondingly amplified, resulting in more forceful resistance against the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4. If multiple disc springs are stacked in the same direction, it is equivalent to expanding the action state of a single disc spring. In other words, the compression stroke does not increase, only the K value increases, and the actual effect is equivalent to a single disc spring. However, multiple disc springs connected in opposite directions can expand the compression stroke without increasing the K value, thus providing more effective damping friction. Comparing the effects of cylindrical springs and multiple interlocking disc springs, when the same magnitude and direction of force F are applied to both cylindrical springs and disc springs, the elastic stroke of the cylindrical spring is 'a', and the elastic stroke of a single disc spring is also 'a'. Due to the transmissibility of force, after multiple disc springs are stacked, the elastic stroke of each disc spring is 'a'. Therefore, the total deformation 'b' of the disc springs is much greater than 'a'. Thus, in a small space, when the space is fixed and the deformation stroke is consistent, multiple interlocking disc springs can generate a larger deformation force than cylindrical springs, thereby producing more effective frictional damping.

[0050] Furthermore, compared to some large hydraulic dampers, the damping mechanism in this embodiment is small and compact, allowing for flexible installation and use in a small space, and has a damping effect that is no less than that of a hydraulic damper.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the first swing arm 3 is provided with a support 7, and the support 7 is provided with a limiting hole 8. The connecting rod 5 slides in the limiting hole 8, and the damping component 6 abuts against the support 7. The damping component 6 is provided on at least one side of the support 7. Further, the limiting hole 8 is an arc-shaped hole; when the first component 1 and the second component 2 move relative to each other, the movement path of the connecting rod 5 is a first path, and the extension direction of the arc-shaped hole matches the first path. When the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4 move relative to each other, the connecting rod 5 slides in the limiting hole 8, and its movement is limited by the limiting hole 8. At the same time, the damping component 6 follows the movement of the connecting rod 5, that is, the damping component 6 slides on the side wall of the support 7, thereby providing sliding friction and forming frictional damping. Further, the second swing arm 4 is provided with a clearance hole 9 in the middle. When the first component 1 and the second component 2 move relative to each other, the support 7 moves in the clearance hole 9. Because the support 7 and the clearance hole 9 are matched, the assembly space of the damping component can be further reduced to meet the actual requirements of the detection device. Compared with the technical solution of providing friction damping on one side, providing friction damping on both sides of the support 7 can better suppress the elastic oscillation of the reset mechanism, and can balance the forces on both sides of the support 7 during operation, making the movement of the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4 more stable. Therefore, in this embodiment, damping components 6 are provided on both sides of the support 7. Furthermore, both ends of the connecting rod 5 are threaded to the second swing arm 4, and the damping of the damping component 6 on the same side can be adjusted by adjusting the thread feed on either side. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 5 passes through the limiting hole 8, and its two ends are threadedly connected to the second swing arm 4. The second swing arm 4 is provided with a threaded hole, which is broken into two sections by the clearance hole 9. That is, the two ends of the connecting rod 5 are respectively threaded into two different sections of threaded holes. Specifically, one end of the connecting rod 5 has a column head 10, and the other end is connected to a nut 11 that mates with the connecting rod 5. The outer surface of the column head 10 is threadedly connected to one section of the threaded hole, and the damping component 6 on this side is located between the column head 10 and the support 7. The outer surface of the nut 11 is threadedly connected to the other section of the threaded hole, that is, the damping component 6 on this side is located between the nut 11 and the support 7. Thus, by rotating the column head 10 and / or the nut 11, the compression of the damping component 6 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the friction damping. Furthermore, each of the opposite ends of the connecting rod 5 has a tightening ring 12 that is threadedly connected to the second swing arm 4, which is used to limit the axial movement of the connecting rod 5. This embodiment has two clamping rings 12. The outer surface of any one of the clamping rings 12 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole at the corresponding position. Thus, the relative position between the connecting rod 5 and the second swing arm 4 is determined by the clamping rings 12, and the damping components 6 on both sides of the first swing arm 3 can provide equal frictional damping.As can be seen, in this embodiment, the connecting rod 5 and the damping component 6 are both located inside the threaded hole, while the tightening ring 12 is located in part or all of the threaded hole depending on the actual working conditions.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, for better use of this embodiment, a friction plate 13 is provided between the damping component 6 and the first swing arm 3. The friction plate 13 has a high coefficient of friction and wear resistance, as well as heat resistance and mechanical strength. Therefore, when the first swing arm 3 and the second swing arm 4 move relative to each other, it can cooperate with the damping component 6 to effectively suppress the oscillation of the reset mechanism.

[0053] Furthermore, it should be noted that in some other technical solutions, the damping component is connected to the second component 2 and slidably fitted to the first component 1. However, in other embodiments, the damping component may also be connected to the first component 1 and slidably fitted to the second component 2. This technical solution can achieve the same technical effect as this embodiment, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0054] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be considered as limitations on the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheelset tread damage detection device, characterized in that, include: The first and second components are arranged vertically and parallel to each other. A reset mechanism is used to reset the first component and the second component after driving relative movement. as well as Multiple translational mechanisms are disposed between the first component and the second component, the translational mechanisms including: A first swing arm, the first swing arm and a first component are hinged together; and The second swing arm is hinged to the second component, and the second swing arm is hinged to the first swing arm; A damping assembly is provided between the first swing arm and the second swing arm; The damping component is connected to the second swing arm and slides with the first swing arm; The damping component slides along a plane perpendicular to the rail surface; The damping component includes: A connecting rod, the end of which is connected to a second swing arm, and the connecting rod slidingly engaging with a first swing arm; and A damping component is sleeved on the connecting rod and abuts between the first swing arm and the second swing arm; The first swing arm is provided with a support, and the support is provided with a limiting hole. The connecting rod slides in the limiting hole, and the damping component abuts against the support. The damping component is provided on at least one side of the support; The second swing arm is provided with a clearance hole in the middle. When the first component and the second component move relative to each other, the support moves within the clearance hole. A friction plate is provided between the damping component and the first swing arm.

2. The wheelset tread damage detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The damping component includes: Multiple connected disc springs, wherein the disc springs are in a compressed state; or A cylindrical spring, wherein the cylindrical spring is in a compressed state.

3. The wheelset tread damage detection device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple disc springs are connected in opposite directions.

4. The wheelset tread damage detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Damping components are provided on both sides of the support, and both ends of the connecting rod are threadedly connected to the second swing arm. The damping of the damping component on the same side can be adjusted by adjusting the thread feed on either side.

5. The wheelset tread damage detection device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The ends of the connecting rods that are far apart from each other each have a tightening ring that is threadedly connected to the second swing arm, which is used to limit the axial movement of the connecting rods.

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