A swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl blades

Abstract

The present invention discloses a swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl blades, comprising: an outer casing; a swirl blade with at least four axial keyways machined into the rotating shaft at the bottom of the blade; a swirl inner ring with multiple equally spaced rotating shaft holes arranged circumferentially along the inner ring, and a circle of rotating grooves machined into the outer side of the swirl inner ring; a rotating belt mounted circumferentially within the rotating groove, with multiple rotating rods evenly arranged thereon; a connecting rod with corresponding holes for mating connection between the shaft holes; an annular stabilizer mounted on the outer side of the swirl inner ring, with a V-shaped cross-section and an opening toward the external outlet of the afterburner; a duty stabilizer consisting of two inner and outer V-shaped flame stabilizers; multiple radial stabilizers securing the duty stabilizer within the outer casing; and four flame transfer grooves mounted at 90 degrees between the annular stabilizer and the duty stabilizer. When the afterburner is operating, the swirl blades can adjust the blade angle to adapt to different operating conditions by driving the connecting rods with the rotating belt, thereby ensuring stable combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of swirl combustion of new concept aircraft engines, and in particular relates to a swirl afterburner combustion chamber with adaptive swirl blades, which is mainly used as an afterburner combustion chamber of an aircraft engine. Background Art

[0002] Afterburners have always played a crucial role in military aircraft. Their function is to inject fuel into the hot exhaust gas after the turbine, maintaining the engine's maximum speed and the combustor's outlet temperature. Residual oxygen in the exhaust gas is then used for re-combustion, further raising the temperature and velocity of the exhaust gas, thereby increasing thrust. They can boost lift by 60% to 70% for turbofan engines and by 40% to 50% for turbojet engines.

[0003] Compared to traditional afterburners, swirl afterburners utilize radial stabilizers and a central swirler to stabilize the flame. The swirler also creates a swirling zone that helps improve fuel atomization. However, traditional swirlers have fixed blades, providing only a single flow field structure that cannot meet the diverse flow field structures required for efficient combustion under different afterburner operating conditions. Furthermore, after being decelerated by expansion, the gas at the afterburner inlet still reaches 180 m / s. The swirl blades located within this high-speed airflow increase flow losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional afterburner technology, the present invention provides a swirl afterburner combustion chamber with adaptive swirl blades, which can improve combustion efficiency while reducing flow losses.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A swirl afterburner combustion chamber with adaptive swirl blades, comprising:

[0007] outer receiver;

[0008] The swirl inner ring has multiple equally spaced rotation axis holes arranged along the circumference of the inner ring, and a circle of rotation grooves is also machined on the inner side of the swirl inner ring;

[0009] A rotating belt is circumferentially mounted in the rotating groove, and a plurality of cylindrical rotating rods are evenly arranged on the rotating belt;

[0010] Swirl blades, multiple swirl blades are arranged on the outside of the swirl inner ring and connected to the rotating rod through a connecting rod. The number of swirl blades should be consistent with the number of rotating rods;

[0011] A connecting rod, provided with a key and a hole of corresponding matching form, for connecting the swirl blade and the rotating rod to ensure the transmission capacity;

[0012] an annular stabilizer, wherein the inner annular surface of the annular stabilizer is embedded in the outer annular surface of the swirl inner ring, the cross section of the annular stabilizer is V-shaped, the opening faces the external outlet of the afterburner, and the connecting rod and the rotating belt are contained therein;

[0013] Flame transfer slots: four flame transfer slots are adjacent and fixed vertically at 90 degrees between the annular stabilizer and the duty stabilizer;

[0014] The duty stabilizer is composed of two inner and outer V-shaped flame stabilizers, which are arranged circumferentially in the outer casing, and the inner side of the duty stabilizer is fixedly connected to the flame transfer groove;

[0015] The radial stabilizer has a V-shaped cross-section, one side of which is welded to the outer side of the duty stabilizer and the other side is fixedly connected to the outer casing.

[0016] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, in the above-mentioned swirl blade adaptive swirl afterburner, a cylindrical rotating shaft is provided at the bottom of the swirl blade, and four or more axial keyways are machined at the end of the rotating shaft.

[0017] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, in the above-mentioned swirl blade adaptive swirl afterburner, the number of swirl blades is 12, the rotation direction is the same, and every 3 swirl blades are evenly arranged in a group, and each group is separated by a flame transfer groove.

[0018] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, in the above-mentioned swirl vane adaptive swirl afterburner, the connecting rod is processed with a first through hole, a key, and a second through hole, and is matched with the rotating rod and the rotating shaft in a shaft hole.

[0019] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, in the above-mentioned swirl blade adaptive swirl afterburner, the number of the flame transfer grooves is 4, which play the role of fixing the swirl inner ring and transferring the flame.

[0020] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, in the above-mentioned swirl blade adaptive swirl afterburner, the duty stabilizer adopts a thin film evaporation type stabilizer, the inner and outer flame stabilizers are connected by a V-groove, and a fuel injection rod is arranged circumferentially in the intake annulus cavity.

[0021] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, in the above-mentioned swirl vane adaptive swirl afterburner, a circle of injection rods are evenly arranged on one side of the duty stabilizer and the annular stabilizer close to the afterburner inlet end.

[0022] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, in the above-mentioned swirl blade adaptive swirl afterburner, the radial stabilizer and the duty stabilizer are welded together with a forward and backward sweep angle of 0° to 35°.

[0023] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, in the aforementioned swirl vane adaptive swirl afterburner, the integrated structure of radial stabilizers and duty stabilizers is evenly arranged along the circumference of the afterburner inner wall, and the number is 16. The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] When the afterburner is not turned on, the flow loss of the high-speed airflow is small; after the afterburner is turned on, the angle of the swirl blades can be adjusted according to different working conditions, which can not only enhance the fuel atomization performance, but also improve the fuel mixing quality and enhance the engine combustion efficiency; the afterburner has a simple structure and small mass, which can shorten the axial length of the combustion chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swirl afterburner combustion chamber with adaptive swirl blades of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of the swirler of the swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl blades of the present invention, with the swirl inner ring and annular stabilizer hidden.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the rear portion of the swirler of the swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl blades according to the present invention, with the annular stabilizer hidden.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the swirl inner ring of the swirl afterburner combustion chamber with adaptive swirl blades of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is the self-adaptive swirl afterburner combustion chamber rotation belt of the swirl blade of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 The invention discloses a swirl afterburner combustion chamber connecting rod with adaptive swirl blades.

[0031] Figure 7 The invention discloses a self-adaptive swirl blade for a swirl afterburner combustion chamber.

[0032] Figure 8 The invention discloses a swirl afterburner combustion chamber annular stabilizer with adaptive swirl blades.

[0033] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-outer casing; 2-swirl blades; 3-rotating belt; 4-swirl inner ring; 5-connecting rod; 6-annular stabilizer; 7-flame transfer groove; 8-duty stabilizer; 9-radial stabilizer; 10-rotating groove; 11-rotating shaft hole; 12-rotating rod; 13-first through hole; 14-key; 15-second through hole; 16-rotating shaft; 17-keyway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the above is an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, which is only used to explain the present invention and fully express the scope of the present invention to researchers in related fields, and cannot be used as a limitation of the present invention.

[0035] When describing the afterburner structure of the present invention, terms such as "front," "rear," "circumferential," "radial," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" refer to positions or relative positions in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely to simplify the description of the present invention and do not imply that the device or components described must maintain the specific positions, configurations, or operations described. Certain components may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced in size in the drawings, and do not represent actual product dimensions. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl blades, comprising: an outer casing 1, swirl blades 2, a rotating belt 3, a swirl inner ring 4, a connecting rod 5, an annular stabilizer 6, a flame transfer groove 7, a duty stabilizer 8 and a radial stabilizer 9.

[0037] The outer casing 1 is cylindrical and arranged at the outermost side of the central axis of the afterburner. It is mainly used to limit the fluid flow area and serves as a support frame for the afterburner.

[0038] The inner swirl ring 4 is the innermost, thin, circular ring centered on the afterburner's central axis. Multiple rotational axis holes 11 are evenly distributed along its circumference. The cylindrical rotational axis 16 at the base of the swirl blades 2 forms a clearance fit with these holes. This ensures that the swirl blades 2 can adjust their blade angles and swirl degree according to operating conditions, thereby enhancing fuel mixing and improving combustion efficiency. Furthermore, a circle of rotational grooves 10 are machined into the inner side of the inner swirl ring 4.

[0039] The connecting rod 5 is provided with a key 14, a first through hole 13, and a second through hole 15 in a corresponding matching form, and is used to connect the swirl blade 2 and the rotating rod 12 to ensure the transmission capability.

[0040] In an optional embodiment of the adaptive swirl vane swirl afterburner of the present invention, the adaptive adjustment mechanism of the swirl vane 2 is a key innovation of the afterburner. Specifically, a rotating belt 3 is circumferentially mounted within a rotating groove 10, with multiple cylindrical rotating rods 12 evenly arranged inside the rotating belt 3. When the afterburner is in operation, to achieve adaptive angle adjustment of the swirl vane 2, the rotating belt 3, acting as the active element, must drive the rotating rods 12 in a small rotational motion. The rotating rods 12 and the connecting rod 5 form relative motion. Therefore, the rotating rods 12 and the second through-holes 15 in the connecting rod 5 must meet the principle of clearance fit while ensuring material strength. The rotating shaft 16 at the bottom of the swirl vane 2 is machined with at least four keyways 17. When the afterburner is in operation, the 12 driven swirl vanes 2 must remain relatively stationary relative to the connecting rod 5 to achieve angle adjustment. Therefore, the rotating shaft 16 and the first through-holes 13 in the connecting rod 5 must meet the principle of interference fit while ensuring material strength. When swirl blades 2 are not in operation, their orientation is parallel to the incoming flow direction, minimizing resistance. When in operation, the gas flows through swirl blades 2, creating a vortex of gas and a reverse pressure gradient. A larger blade angle increases the intensity of the backflow, promoting more thorough mixing of fuel and air, resulting in more uniform combustion. This also helps extend fuel residence time and improve combustion efficiency. However, the blade angle should not exceed 65°, as this will cause the high-temperature area to shift forward, creating a high-temperature corner vortex.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment of the swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl vanes according to the present invention, all internal afterburner components, except for the adaptive adjustment mechanism for swirl vanes 2, are secured to the outer casing 1 via radial stabilizers 9. An annular stabilizer 6 is mounted outside the swirl inner ring 4, enclosing components such as the rotating belt 3 and connecting rod 5. The V-shaped opening of the annular stabilizer 6 faces the external outlet of the afterburner. To reduce flow resistance losses and optimize the fuel supply system, the annular stabilizer 6 is shifted upstream by 0 to 2 slot widths, thereby axially staggering it from the duty stabilizer 8. The four flame transfer grooves 7 are adjacently installed at 90° between the annular stabilizer 6 and the duty stabilizer 8. The purpose of the flame transfer grooves 7 is to ignite and stabilize the flame of the high-temperature combustion gas introduced from the duty stabilizer 8. To a certain extent, it can be used as a radial stabilizer with relatively large blockage, which can promote the heat and mass exchange between the annular stabilizer 6 and the duty stabilizer 8, and with the increase of the intake air flow, it is more conducive to the full combustion of the fuel. Compared with the case without the flame transfer grooves, the combustion efficiency is increased by 5% to 10%, overcoming the trend of weakening turbulent transport effect when there are no flame transfer grooves.

[0042] In an optional embodiment of the swirl afterburner chamber with adaptive swirl blades according to the present invention, although a circle of fuel injection rods is evenly arranged at the front end of the duty stabilizer 8 and the annular stabilizer 6, the duty stabilizer 8 adopts a thin film evaporation method. Independent circumferential fuel supply lines are arranged in the intake annular cavity of the inner and outer double V-shaped flame stabilizers connected by V-shaped grooves, forming a relatively suitable cavity combustion environment, thereby being less susceptible to external inflow. Sixteen radial stabilizers 9 are uniformly welded to the outer surface of the duty stabilizer 8 along the circumference and formed into a single body. The front and rear sweep angles of the assembly generally do not exceed 35°. Excessive sweep angles will increase weight, while excessive sweep angles will increase flow resistance losses. This structure connects the recirculation zones, forming a larger low-speed recirculation zone, which is more conducive to the formation of the duty flame. The outlet airflow from the cavity of the duty stabilizer 8 can smoothly flow into the interior of the radial stabilizer 9, achieving the ignition function.

[0043] The specification adopts a progressive description method to describe the examples of the present invention. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0044] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in the form of preferred embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific implementation methods. Equivalent changes and replacements made by professionals in the field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl blades, characterized in that: include: Outer casing (1); A swirl inner ring (4), a plurality of equally spaced rotation axis holes (11) are arranged along the circumference of the swirl inner ring (4), and a circle of rotation grooves (10) are also processed on the inner side of the swirl inner ring (4); A rotating belt (3) is circumferentially mounted in the rotating groove (10), with a plurality of cylindrical rotating rods (12) evenly arranged on the rotating belt (3); Swirl blades (2), wherein a plurality of swirl blades (2) are evenly arranged outside the swirl inner ring (4), each swirl blade (2) is connected to a rotating rod (12) via a connecting rod (5), and the number of the swirl blades (2) is consistent with the number of the rotating rods (12); The connecting rod (5) is provided with a key and a hole of corresponding matching form, and is used to connect the swirl blade (2) and the rotating rod (12) to ensure the transmission capacity; An annular stabilizer (6), wherein the inner annular surface of the annular stabilizer (6) is embedded in the outer annular surface of the swirl inner ring (4), and the cross section thereof is V-shaped, with the opening facing the external outlet of the afterburner, and the connecting rod (5) and the rotating belt (3) are contained therein; Flame transmission grooves (7), four flame transmission grooves (7) are adjacently fixed at 90 degrees vertically between the annular stabilizer (6) and the duty stabilizer (8); The duty stabilizer (8) is composed of two inner and outer V-shaped flame stabilizers, and is arranged in the outer casing (1) along the circumferential direction. The inner side of the duty stabilizer (8) is fixedly connected to the flame transfer groove (7); A radial stabilizer (9) having a V-shaped cross section, one side of which is welded to the outer side of the duty stabilizer (8) and the other side of which is fixedly connected to the outer casing (1); A cylindrical rotating shaft (16) is provided at the bottom of the swirl blade (2), and at least four axial keyways (17) are machined at the end of the rotating shaft (16); The number of the swirl blades (2) is 12, the swirl directions are the same, and every three blades are evenly arranged in a group, and each group is separated by the flame transfer groove (7); The connecting rod (5) is processed with a first through hole (13), a key (14), and a second through hole (15), and is matched with the rotating rod (12) and the rotating shaft (16) in a shaft-hole manner; The on-duty stabilizer (8) adopts a thin film evaporation type stabilizer, wherein the inner and outer V-shaped flame stabilizers are connected by a V-shaped groove, and a spray rod is arranged along the circumferential direction in the air inlet ring cavity; A circle of fuel injection rods is evenly arranged on one side of the duty stabilizer (8) and the annular stabilizer (6) close to the inlet end of the afterburner.

2. The swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame transfer groove (7) plays the role of fixing the swirl inner ring (4) and transferring the flame.

3. The swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial stabilizer (9) and the duty stabilizer (8) are welded together, and the front and rear sweep angles are 0° to 35°.

4. The swirl afterburner with adaptive swirl blades according to claim 3, characterized in that: The integrated structure of the radial stabilizer (9) and the duty stabilizer (8) is evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the afterburner chamber, and the number of the integrated structure is 16.

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