A sampling device for high ground stress rock mass excavation

Abstract

The application discloses a sampling device for high ground stress rock mass excavation, which comprises an extension pipe, a drill pipe is threadedly connected to the lower end of the extension pipe, the inner side of the lower end of the drill pipe is in a stepped shape, a restraint spring is fixedly connected to the upper side of the stepped surface, a circular ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the restraint spring, a counterweight column is arranged in the drill pipe, a pressurizing device is arranged at the upper end of the counterweight column, and the pressurizing device can gradually reduce the downward thrust on the counterweight column. The restraint spring applies a restraint force around and on the upper end of the core sample, the restraint force of the restraint spring on the core sample gradually increases, and the downward pressure of the counterweight column gradually decreases, so that the pressure provided to the core sample can be balanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-stress rock mass sampling technology, and more particularly to a sampling device for excavating high-stress rock masses. Background Technology

[0002] High ground stress is the fundamental destructive force causing deformation in various underground or open-pit rock and soil excavation projects, including mining, water conservancy and hydropower, civil engineering, military, railways, and highways. Therefore, to understand the unique geological conditions underground and directly obtain reliable stratigraphic data, extensive core sampling is necessary during the exploration phase of oil and gas reservoir development and deep underground engineering. However, rocks in high ground stress environments, due to their high initial pressure, experience core fragmentation during the upward transport of the core sample due to the sudden decrease in surrounding pressure. This introduces significant uncertainties to subsequent core analysis.

[0003] Existing technologies disclose some devices for core sample pressure fidelity, such as a device and method for stress fidelity in rock drilling sampling under high ground stress (publication number CN110043210B). Due to the influence of the serrated groove spacing, the supporting force of such devices at the upper end of the core sample may exceed the pressure limit, and then be released axially instantaneously (sliding to the next serrated groove). Existing technologies can also achieve stepless adjustment of the downward pressure through an electric push rod. However, the electric push rod is located deep underground, and its control is relatively complex (control system, sensor system, signal transmission, etc.), thus causing inconvenience in use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a sampling device for excavating high-stress rock masses.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A sampling device for excavating high-stress rock mass includes an extension tube, the lower end of which is threadedly connected to a drill pipe. The inner side of the lower end of the drill pipe is stepped, and a restraining spring is fixedly connected to the upper side of the step surface. A ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the restraining spring. A counterweight column is provided inside the drill pipe, and a pressurizing device is provided at the upper end of the counterweight column. The pressurizing device can gradually reduce the downward thrust on the counterweight column.

[0007] Preferably, the extended tube has multiple through holes arranged in an array, and the drill tube array has multiple rotating holes arranged in an array. The through holes and rotating holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. A round rod is rotatably connected inside the rotating hole, and a high-strength blade is fixedly connected to the lower end of the round rod. An extension groove is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the drill tube, and the high-strength blade can extend out through the extension groove.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the round rod is in the shape of a polygonal prism.

[0009] Preferably, the inner ring of the restraint spring is fixedly connected to an elastic cloth.

[0010] Preferably, the drill pipe annular array is provided with multiple vertical holes, a water storage box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drill pipe, an overflow trough is provided on the outer side of the water storage box, and the overflow trough is connected to the vertical holes.

[0011] Preferably, the pressurizing device includes a stepped gear, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drill pipe. A first toothed plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the ring. The water storage box is slidably connected to a slide rod. A second toothed plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the slide rod. The first toothed plate meshes with the small end of the stepped gear, and the second toothed plate meshes with the large end of the stepped gear. A support rod is fixedly connected to one side of the slide rod, and a disc is fixedly connected to one end of the support rod. A first spring is fixedly connected between the disc and the counterweight column.

[0012] A ratchet rack is fixedly connected to the other side of the slide bar, and a pawl is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drill pipe. The pawl and the ratchet rack are set accordingly.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the slide bar is fixedly connected to a push plate, which is slidably connected inside the water storage box.

[0014] The advantages of this invention are as follows: The sampling device for high-stress rock mass excavation provided by this invention drills to a predetermined depth using a conventional drill rod and removes the soil from the upper part of the core sample. An extension tube is then replaced, the length of which is selected according to requirements. After the drill tube enters, a pressurizing device applies a predetermined pressure to the upper part of the core sample. As the drill tube is lowered deeper, the core sample passively enters the drill tube, and the core sample lifts the ring. A restraining spring applies a restraining force around and above the core sample. As the restraining force of the restraining spring on the axial direction of the core sample gradually increases, the downward pressure of the counterweight column gradually decreases, thereby ensuring that the pressure supplied to the core sample tends to be balanced.

[0015] This invention uses a binding spring and a rising ring. The first toothed plate at the upper end of the ring pushes the stepped gear to rotate. The stepped gear pushes the second toothed plate to slide upward through its large end. Due to the gear ratio, the rising distance of the second toothed plate is greater than that of the first toothed plate, causing the disc to gradually move away from the ring. The downward pressure of the first spring on the core sample through the counterweight gradually decreases. When the force of the binding spring increases, the downward pressure given by the counterweight gradually decreases, thereby achieving balance and forming a stable pressure protection for the core. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section E in the image;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the support state of the binding spring, the ring, and the high-strength blade for the core sample in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a sampling device for excavating high-stress rock masses, including an extension pipe 1, with a drill pipe 2 threadedly connected to the lower end of the extension pipe 1. The inner side of the lower end of the drill pipe 2 is stepped, and a restraining spring 3 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the step surface. An elastic cloth is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the restraining spring 3 to prevent the outer circle of the core sample 10 from cracking. A ring 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the restraining spring 3. A counterweight column 5 is provided inside the drill pipe 2. The counterweight column 5 passes through the ring 4 and presses against the upper end of the core sample 10. A pressure device 6 is provided at the upper end of the counterweight column 5. The pressure device 6 can gradually reduce the downward thrust on the counterweight column 5.

[0022] In this embodiment, the pressurizing device 6 is an electric push rod or a hydraulic rod, which, together with the controller, adjusts the downward pushing force of the counterweight column 5 on the drilled core sample 10. The binding spring 3 is sleeved around the core sample 10, and the ring 4 at the upper end of the binding spring 3 applies downward pressure to the core sample 10. As the binding spring 3 is stretched, the downward pressure of the pressurizing device 6 on the core sample 10 is gradually reduced by the controller.

[0023] During operation, the conventional drill rod is first used to drill to the predetermined depth and remove the soil from the upper part of the core sample 10. Then, the extension tube 1 is replaced. The length of the extension tube 1 is selected according to the requirements. After the drill tube 2 enters, the pressurizing device 6 applies a predetermined pressure to the upper part of the core sample 10. As the drill tube 2 is drilled deeper, the core sample 10 is passively entered into the drill tube 2. The core sample 10 lifts the ring 4. The restraining spring 3 applies restraining force around and at the upper part of the core sample 10. While the restraining force of the restraining spring 3 on the axial direction of the core sample 10 gradually increases, the downward pressure of the counterweight column 5 gradually decreases, so that the pressure provided to the core sample 10 can tend to be balanced.

[0024] As an additional embodiment of the present invention, the extended tube 1 is provided with an array of multiple through holes 11, and the drill tube 2 is provided with an array of multiple rotating holes 12. The through holes 11 and the rotating holes 12 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. A round rod 13 is rotatably connected inside the rotating hole 12. A high-strength blade 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the round rod 13. An extension groove 15 is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the drill tube 2, and the high-strength blade 14 can extend out from the extension groove 15.

[0025] The upper end of the round rod 13 is prismatic.

[0026] In this embodiment, a high-strength rotating rod is used. The lower end of the rotating rod is provided with an interface that engages with the upper end of the round rod 13 in a prismatic shape. The rotating rod of appropriate length can drive the round rod 13 to rotate. The rotation of the round rod 13 causes the high-strength blade 14 to cut into the lower end of the core sample 10, causing the lower end of the core sample 10 to separate and providing an upward support force for the core sample 10. This facilitates the use of the binding spring 3 to provide upper, lower, and circumferential support force for the core sample 10, preventing the core sample 10 from breaking into a disc under high-stress geological conditions.

[0027] As an additional embodiment of the present invention, the drill pipe 2 is arranged in a ring array with multiple vertical holes 21, the inner wall of the drill pipe 2 is fixedly connected to a water storage box 22, and an overflow groove 23 is provided on the outer side of the water storage box 22, the overflow groove 23 being connected to the vertical holes 21.

[0028] The lower end of the vertical hole 21 is between the cutting teeth of the drill pipe 2, and the water overflowing from the gap plays a role in lubricating and cooling the drill hole.

[0029] As an additional embodiment of the present invention, the disadvantage of the conventional pressurizing device 6 is that it is not easy to know when it contacts the upper end of the core sample 10. Based on this defect, the present invention discloses a special structure, namely, the pressurizing device 6 includes a stepped gear 61, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drill pipe 2. A first toothed plate 62 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the ring 4. The water storage box 22 is slidably connected to the slide rod 63. A second toothed plate 64 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the slide rod 63. The first toothed plate 62 meshes with the small end of the stepped gear 61, and the second toothed plate 64 meshes with the large end of the stepped gear 61. A support rod 65 is fixedly connected to one side of the slide rod 63. A disc 66 is fixedly connected to one end of the support rod 65. A first spring 67 is fixedly connected between the disc 66 and the counterweight column 5.

[0030] The other side of the slide bar 63 is fixedly connected to the ratchet rack 68, and the inner wall of the drill pipe 2 is rotatably connected to the pawl 69. The pawl 69 is set to correspond with the ratchet rack 68. A torsion spring is set on the rotating shaft of the pawl 69. The ratchet rack 68 and the pawl 69 are used in a conventional structure. When the slide bar 63 raises the ratchet rack 68, the ratchet rack 68 pushes the pawl 69 open to the side plate. After encountering the next tooth of the ratchet rack 68, the pawl 69 resets and forms a one-way limiting effect on the ratchet rack 68. It also provides support for the raised disk 66 and prevents the downward force (gravity) of the disk 66 from being transmitted downward through the second toothed plate 64, the first toothed plate 62 and the stepped gear 61.

[0031] Furthermore, the upper end of the slide rod 63 is fixedly connected to the push plate 631, which is slidably connected inside the water storage box 22. As the slide rod 63 carries the push plate 631 upward, the push plate 631 rises and raises the water level in the water storage box 22. The water in the water storage box 22 flows from the overflow groove 23 to the vertical hole 21, which lubricates and cools the drilling of the drill pipe 2.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the restraining spring 3 and the ring 4 rise, the first toothed plate 62 at the upper end of the ring 4 pushes the stepped gear 61 to rotate. The stepped gear 61 pushes the second toothed plate 64 to slide upward through its large end. Due to the gear ratio, the rising distance of the second toothed plate 64 is greater than that of the first toothed plate 62, causing the disc 66 to gradually move away from the ring 4. The downward pressure of the first spring 67 on the core sample 10 through the counterweight column 5 gradually decreases. When the force of the restraining spring 3 increases, the downward pressure given by the counterweight column 5 gradually decreases, thereby achieving balance and forming a stable pressure protection for the core column.

[0033] After the core sample 10 is lifted to the ground along with the drill pipe 2, the drill pipe 2 is disassembled. The drill pipe 2 is held in place by an electric push rod at each end. The pawl 69 is opened, and the two electric push rods move forward and backward respectively, so that the core sample 10 can be taken out from the lower end of the drill pipe 2 with axial prestress.

[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sampling device for excavating high-stress rock mass, comprising an extension pipe (1), the lower end of which is threadedly connected to a drill pipe (2), characterized in that: The lower end of the drill pipe (2) is stepped and a binding spring (3) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the step surface. The upper end of the binding spring (3) is fixedly connected to a ring (4). The drill pipe (2) is equipped with a counterweight column (5). A pressure device (6) is installed at the upper end of the counterweight column (5). The pressure device (6) can gradually reduce the downward thrust on the counterweight column (5). The extended tube (1) is provided with an array of multiple through holes (11), and the drill tube (2) is provided with an array of multiple rotating holes (12). The through holes (11) and the rotating holes (12) are provided one-to-one. A round rod (13) is rotatably connected inside the rotating hole (12). A high-strength blade (14) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the round rod (13). An extension groove (15) is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the drill tube (2), and the high-strength blade (14) can extend out from the extension groove (15). The drill pipe (2) is arranged in a ring array with multiple vertical holes (21). A water storage box (22) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drill pipe (2). An overflow groove (23) is provided on the outer side of the water storage box (22). The overflow groove (23) is connected to the vertical holes (21). The pressurizing device (6) includes a stepped gear (61), which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drill pipe (2). A first toothed plate (62) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the ring (4). The water storage box (22) is slidably connected to a slide rod (63). A second toothed plate (64) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the slide rod (63). The first toothed plate (62) meshes with the small end of the stepped gear (61), and the second toothed plate (64) meshes with the large end of the stepped gear (61). A support rod (65) is fixedly connected to one side of the slide rod (63). A disc (66) is fixedly connected to one end of the support rod (65). A first spring (67) is fixedly connected between the disc (66) and the counterweight column (5). A ratchet rack (68) is fixedly connected to the other side of the slide bar (63), and a pawl (69) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drill pipe (2). The pawl (69) and the ratchet rack (68) are correspondingly set.

2. The sampling device for high-stress rock mass excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the round rod (13) is prismatic.

3. The sampling device for excavating high-stress rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring of the restraint spring (3) is fixedly connected to the elastic cloth.

4. A sampling device for excavating high-stress rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the slide bar (63) is fixedly connected to the push plate (631), and the push plate (631) is slidably connected inside the water storage box (22).

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