Humidifier performance prediction methods, devices and electronic equipment

Abstract

This invention provides a humidifier performance prediction method, device, and electronic device, belonging to the field of fuel cell technology. The humidifier performance prediction method of this invention takes the gas parameter values ​​of the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier as input, performs one-dimensional discretization of the humidifier flow direction, and iteratively calculates the target total mass transfer of the humidifier membrane by simulating the humidifier mass transfer process. In this way, the accurate mass transfer and humidity values ​​of each unit interval can be determined. Based on the heat and mass transfer mechanism of the humidifier itself, the calculation takes into account factors such as material parameters and structural design parameters, and identifies the humidifier's own attenuation. There is no need to install humidity sensors and temperature sensors at the dry-side outlet of the humidifier, thus making it more applicable and providing more robust performance parameter prediction results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, and electronic device for predicting the performance of a humidifier. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell stacks have high humidity requirements for their air inlet, and humidifiers are typically installed at the inlet to wet the gas entering the stack. The performance of the humidifier has a significant impact on the stack's output power and durability. Excessive humidity in the air entering the stack after passing through the humidifier can lead to flooding, reducing stack performance and reliability. Conversely, excessively low humidity can cause a decline in stack performance and affect the durability of the proton exchange membrane.

[0003] Existing methods for calculating and predicting the outlet air humidity of humidifiers rely on information from external components such as the hygrometer at the fuel cell inlet (dry-side outlet of the humidifier). The humidifier itself is treated as a "black box." These methods have two main drawbacks: first, they are detached from the humidifier itself, making it impossible to accurately obtain sensitivity data related to its inherent characteristics (materials, structure, etc.); second, the accuracy of predictions is highly dependent on the performance of other components. When other components, such as the humidity sensor, degrade or fail in high-temperature, high-humidity environments like the fuel cell inlet, it significantly impacts the results, making it impossible to accurately predict humidifier performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and electronic device for predicting the performance of a humidifier, which solves the problem that the existing technology requires a fuel cell inlet hygrometer to predict the performance parameters of the humidifier, and achieves the effect of accurately predicting the performance parameters of the humidifier by relying on the characteristics of the humidifier itself.

[0005] This invention provides a method for predicting the performance of a humidifier, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the gas parameter values ​​of the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier; the gas parameters include flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity;

[0007] Based on the gas parameter values, the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier are determined; the width of each unit interval is equal along the gas flow direction of the humidifier.

[0008] Based on the gas parameter values ​​of each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier, the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval are iteratively calculated to obtain the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution and target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm of each unit interval; the target mass transfer is determined based on the mass transfer and diffusion analysis of each unit interval.

[0009] Based on the humidity and temperature distributions obtained through iterative calculations of each unit interval, the gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side outlet of the humidifier are determined.

[0010] According to the present invention, a method for predicting the performance of a humidifier includes iteratively calculating the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier, to obtain the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval, comprising:

[0011] With the inlet gas parameters on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier in a stable state, the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval are calculated based on the gas parameter values ​​and initial mass transfer in the gas flow direction of the humidifier. The updated temperature and humidity values ​​of each unit interval are obtained, and the mass transfer of each unit interval is updated again to obtain the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm. This step is repeated until the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm of each unit interval converge. The initial mass transfer is a preset value.

[0012] According to the present invention, a method for predicting the performance of a humidifier includes iteratively calculating the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier, to obtain the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval, comprising:

[0013] When the inlet gas parameters on the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are in a state of instantaneous change, the temperature, humidity and mass transfer of the gas in each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier are determined based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval at the previous moment.

[0014] Based on the temperature, humidity, and mass transfer of the gas in each unit interval at the previous time step, the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval at the next time step are calculated to obtain the updated temperature and humidity values ​​for each unit interval. The mass transfer of each unit interval is then updated again to obtain the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm.

[0015] According to a humidifier performance prediction method provided by the present invention, the step of determining the temperature, humidity, and mass transfer of the gas in each unit interval at the previous moment based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier includes:

[0016] Based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier, the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm are determined after convergence of the inlet gas parameters on the dry and wet sides of the humidifier under stable conditions.

[0017] The parameters of the humidifier's dry and wet side inlet gas are determined by the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and water transfer mass of each unit interval after convergence under steady-state conditions. These parameters are then used to define the temperature, humidity, and transfer mass of the gas in each unit interval at the previous time step.

[0018] According to the performance prediction method of a humidifier provided by the present invention, the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm is determined by the following method:

[0019] The degree of hydration at the wet-side membrane interface is determined based on the wet-side hydration coefficient and the wet-side gas water vapor partial pressure of the humidifier membrane; the degree of hydration at the dry-side membrane interface is determined based on the dry-side hydration coefficient and the dry-side gas water vapor partial pressure of the humidifier membrane; the wet-side gas water vapor partial pressure is determined based on the humidity value on the wet side of the humidifier membrane, and the dry-side gas water vapor partial pressure is determined based on the humidity value on the dry side of the humidifier membrane.

[0020] The diffusion transfer mass per unit area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm is determined based on the actual diffusion coefficient of the humidifier diaphragm, the thickness of the humidifier diaphragm, the hydration degree of the wet-side diaphragm interface, and the hydration degree of the dry-side diaphragm interface in each unit interval. The actual diffusion coefficient of the humidifier diaphragm is determined based on the diffusion coefficient of the humidifier diaphragm under standard conditions, the average hydration degree of the humidifier diaphragm, and the average temperature of the humidifier diaphragm. The average hydration degree of the humidifier diaphragm is the average of the hydration degree of the wet-side diaphragm interface and the hydration degree of the dry-side diaphragm interface.

[0021] Based on the diffusion mass transfer per unit area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval and the area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm, the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm is determined.

[0022] According to the humidifier performance prediction method provided by the present invention, the heat change in each unit interval is determined based on the heat exchange between the wet-side gas of the humidifier and the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval, and the heat exchange between the humidifier diaphragm and the dry-side gas of the humidifier in each unit interval.

[0023] According to the humidifier performance prediction method provided by the present invention, the heat change in each unit interval is determined based on the heat exchange between the wet-side gas and the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval, the heat exchange between the humidifier diaphragm and the dry-side gas in each unit interval, the heat release from water vapor condensation on the wet side of the humidifier in each unit interval, and the heat absorption from liquid water evaporation on the dry side of the humidifier in each unit interval.

[0024] The present invention also provides a humidifier performance prediction device, comprising:

[0025] The acquisition module is used to acquire gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier; the gas parameters include flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity;

[0026] The first processing module is used to determine the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier based on the gas parameter values; the width of the unit interval is equal along the gas flow direction of the humidifier.

[0027] The second processing module is used to iteratively calculate the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier, so as to obtain the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution and target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm of each unit interval; the target mass transfer is determined based on the mass transfer diffusion analysis calculation of each unit interval.

[0028] The third processing module is used to determine the gas parameter values ​​at the dry side outlet of the humidifier based on the humidity distribution and temperature distribution obtained by iterative calculation of each unit interval.

[0029] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the performance prediction method of any of the above-described humidifiers.

[0030] The present invention also provides a fuel cell, including a stack, a humidifier, and electronic equipment as described above.

[0031] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the performance prediction method for the humidifier as described above.

[0032] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the performance prediction method for any of the humidifiers described above.

[0033] The humidifier performance prediction method, device, and electronic equipment provided by this invention, by taking the gas parameter values ​​of the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier as input, performs one-dimensional discretization of the humidifier flow direction, and iteratively calculates the target total mass transfer of the humidifier diaphragm by simulating the humidifier mass transfer process. In this way, the accurate mass transfer and humidity values ​​of each unit interval can be determined. Based on the heat and mass transfer mechanism of the humidifier itself, the calculation takes into account factors such as material parameters and structural design parameters, and identifies the humidifier's own attenuation. There is no need to install humidity sensors and temperature sensors at the dry-side outlet of the humidifier, thus making it more applicable and providing more robust performance parameter prediction results. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the humidifier performance prediction method provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water transfer process and heat transfer process of the humidifier provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the performance prediction device for the humidifier provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] The following is combined Figures 1-4 The present invention describes a method, apparatus, and electronic device for predicting the performance of a humidifier.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the humidifier performance prediction method of this embodiment of the invention mainly includes steps 110, 120, 130 and 140.

[0042] Step 110: Obtain the gas parameter values ​​of the dry side inlet and the wet side inlet of the humidifier.

[0043] Gas parameters include flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity. It is understood that the dry-side inlet of the humidifier can be connected to the atmosphere via an air compressor and intercooler, and the composition of the gas is consistent with the atmospheric environment; therefore, gas parameters can be directly obtained through various sensors.

[0044] The wet-side inlet of the humidifier is connected to the outlet of the fuel cell stack. The gas parameters at the wet-side inlet of the humidifier can also be obtained through sensors. Of course, in order to save costs, instead of installing relevant sensors at the wet-side inlet of the humidifier, the gas parameters at the inlet of the humidifier can also be estimated through the reaction model inside the fuel cell stack.

[0045] It should be noted that the gas parameter values ​​of the dry side inlet and wet side inlet of the humidifier can be obtained according to the actual situation of the fuel cell stack, and there are no restrictions on the method of obtaining them here.

[0046] Step 120: Based on the gas parameter values, determine the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier.

[0047] The width of each unit interval is equal along the gas flow direction of the humidifier. This means that the spatial area of ​​the humidifier can be divided into several unit intervals of equal width along the gas flow direction.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the arrows indicate the gas flow and diffusion direction in the humidifier. The shaded area represents the diaphragm in the humidifier. The Dry side above the diaphragm is the dry side of the humidifier, and the Wet side below the diaphragm is the wet side of the humidifier.

[0049] The humidifier in the diagram is divided into n equal units. Within each unit, water and heat are transferred from the wet side to the dry side. The water transfer process revolves around the membrane, with water undergoing hydration from the wet side surface to the membrane, diffusion within the membrane, and dehydration from the dry side surface of the membrane. The heat transfer process revolves around the water volume (i.e., the transfer mass) and the membrane, with heat transferred through convective heat transfer on the wet side surface, heat conduction within the membrane, and convective heat transfer on the dry side surface.

[0050] It should be noted that, based on the gas parameter values, the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier can be determined.

[0051] Regarding pressure, the pressure in the airflow direction can be gradually reduced according to a certain linear law. Regarding temperature and humidity, the temperature and humidity of each zone can be assumed based on the temperature and humidity of one inlet side.

[0052] Step 130: Based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier, iteratively calculate the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval to obtain the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution and the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval.

[0053] The target total mass transfer is determined based on mass transfer and diffusion analysis calculations performed on each unit interval. The calculations can be performed sequentially from gas inlet to outlet on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier, according to the defined unit intervals.

[0054] The mass transfer and diffusion process in a humidifier, i.e., water transport, consists of three processes: capillary condensation at the membrane interface between moist gas and the membrane; diffusion of condensate from areas of high hydration to areas of low hydration within the membrane; and evaporation of water at the membrane interface between dry gas and the membrane. Water absorption and loss across the membrane are determined by its hydration characteristics, while water diffusion within the membrane is determined by the hydration gradient and diffusion coefficient on both sides. These three processes are connected in series to form the water transport path.

[0055] It is understandable that the hydration and dehydration processes of the gas on both the wet and dry sides of the humidifier diaphragm are in equilibrium, meaning the hydration level on the diaphragm surface is determined by the gas state variables (temperature and humidity). Relative to the length of the diaphragm, its thickness is very thin, and the diffusion mass transfer perpendicular to the flow direction is much greater than that in the flow direction; therefore, diffusion mass transfer in the flow direction can be ignored. The amount of diffusion mass transfer within the diaphragm is determined by the diffusion coefficient and the hydration gradient on both sides. The diffusion coefficient is determined by the average hydration level of the diaphragm and the temperature, and the hydration gradient on both sides is linearly distributed within the diaphragm. The average hydration level within the diaphragm is equal to the average hydration level on both the wet and dry sides of the diaphragm.

[0056] Understandably, the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm is determined in the following way.

[0057] The degree of hydration at the wet-side membrane interface can be determined first based on the wet-side hydration coefficient of the humidifier membrane and the partial pressure of water vapor in the wet-side gas, and then the degree of hydration at the dry-side membrane interface can be determined based on the dry-side hydration coefficient of the humidifier membrane and the partial pressure of water vapor in the dry-side gas.

[0058] Understandably, according to the ideal gas equation, the partial pressure of water vapor in the wet-side gas is determined based on the humidity value on the wet side of the humidifier diaphragm, while the partial pressure of water vapor in the dry-side gas is determined based on the humidity value on the dry side of the humidifier diaphragm.

[0059] Based on this, the diffusion transfer mass per unit area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm is determined according to the actual diffusion coefficient of the humidifier diaphragm, the thickness of the humidifier diaphragm, the hydration degree of the wet side diaphragm interface and the hydration degree of the dry side diaphragm interface.

[0060] The actual diffusion coefficient of the humidifier diaphragm is determined based on the diffusion coefficient of the humidifier diaphragm under standard conditions, the average hydration degree of the humidifier diaphragm, and the average temperature of the humidifier diaphragm; the average hydration degree of the humidifier diaphragm is the average of the hydration degree at the wet-side diaphragm interface and the hydration degree at the dry-side diaphragm interface.

[0061] Furthermore, based on the diffusion mass transfer per unit area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval and the area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm, the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm is determined.

[0062] In this embodiment, iterative calculation can be used to solve the mass transfer of the humidifier diaphragm. However, the specific calculation methods differ depending on whether the inlet gas parameters on the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are in a stable state or a state of instantaneous change. The calculations can be performed separately according to the following process.

[0063] When the inlet gas parameters on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are in a stable state, the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval can be calculated based on the interval gas parameter values ​​and initial mass transfer in the gas flow direction of the humidifier. This yields the updated temperature and humidity values ​​for each unit interval, and the mass transfer of each unit interval is updated again to obtain the target total mass transfer of water passing through the humidifier diaphragm. This step is repeated until the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target total mass transfer of water passing through the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval converge. The initial mass transfer is a preset value.

[0064] The initial transfer mass is a preset value. For example, the transfer mass can be calculated based on the preset humidity value and flow rate for each unit interval.

[0065] In this case, the transfer mass of each unit interval can be calculated based on the humidity values ​​of each unit interval on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier.

[0066] In this case, the mass transfer between the gas and membrane interface on both the dry and wet sides of each unit interval can be expressed as:

[0067] Fx = D*(Cw-Cd) / l;

[0068] D = D0 * f(Tm, Cm);

[0069] Cm = (Cw + Cd) / 2;

[0070] Cw = Hw * Pvw;

[0071] Cd = Hd * Pvd;

[0072] Where Cw is the degree of hydration at the wet-side diaphragm interface (mol / m). 3 Cd represents the hydration degree at the dry-side diaphragm interface (mol / m). 3Hw is the wet-side hydration coefficient (mol / (m)). 3 *Pa)), Hd is the dry-side hydration coefficient (mol / (m) 3 *Pa)), Fx is the diffusion mass per unit area (mol / (s*m) 2 D is the actual diffusion coefficient of the diaphragm, D0 is the diffusion coefficient of the diaphragm under standard conditions, Tm is the average temperature of the diaphragm, Cm is the average hydration degree of the diaphragm, l is the thickness of the diaphragm, Pvw is the partial pressure of water vapor in the wet side gas (Pa), and Pvd is the partial pressure of water vapor in the dry side gas (Pa). Pvw and Pvd are determined based on the humidity and temperature values ​​of each unit interval on the dry and wet sides of the humidifier.

[0073] Based on this, and using the calculated mass transfer of each unit interval, the updated humidity and temperature values ​​of each unit interval on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are redefined. This step is repeated until the sum of the mass transfer of each unit interval calculated based on the updated humidity and temperature values ​​converges. The sum of the mass transfer of each unit interval obtained after convergence is the target total mass transfer.

[0074] A convergence condition can be defined, such as the relative changes in total mass transfer, temperature, and humidity being less than a preset tolerance range.

[0075] Specifically, based on the calculated mass transfer in each unit interval, the updated humidity values ​​for each unit interval on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are determined, including:

[0076] For example, the humidity value update method for the dry side of a humidifier can be calculated as follows.

[0077] The Fx calculated from the nth unit interval, i.e., Fx(n), can be substituted into the following formula:

[0078] m sum (n)=m air (n)+m vapour (n);

[0079] m sum (n+1)=m sum (n)+Fx(n);

[0080] P sum (n)=P air (n)+P vapour (n);

[0081] According to the ideal gas equation, the ratio of the molar amounts of each component in a gas is equal to the ratio of their partial pressures. Therefore, by combining the above formula and Td(n+1), the humidity value RH(n+1) on the dry side can be obtained.

[0082] It should be noted that in the above formula, msum (n) represents the total molar amount of dry-side gas calculated sequentially from the gas inlet to the outlet for the nth unit interval, m. air (n) represents the molar amount of air in the dry-side gas of the nth interval, m vapour (n) represents the molar amount of dry-side water vapor in the nth unit interval, P sum (n) represents the total dry-side gas pressure in the nth unit interval (this value remains constant during the calculation), P air (n) represents the dry-side air pressure value of the nth unit interval, P vapour (n) represents the dry-side water vapor pressure value of the nth unit interval, Td(n+1) represents the dry-side air temperature value of the (n+1)th unit interval, and RH(n+1) represents the dry-side air humidity value of the (n+1)th unit interval.

[0083] When calculating the wet side, such as Figure 2 As shown, the calculation is performed from the nth unit interval to the 1st unit interval. Since liquid water may exist on the wet side, the humidity value on the wet side is updated as follows:

[0084] P sum (n)=P air (n)+P vapour (n);

[0085] m sum (n)=m air (n)+m vapour (n)+m liquid (n);

[0086] m vapour (n-1)+m liquid (n-1)=m vapour (n)+m liquid (n)-Fx(n);

[0087] Where, m liquid (n) represents the molar amount of liquid water on the wet side calculated for the nth unit interval. If liquid water exists on the wet side, then P vapour (n) is the saturated vapor pressure at this time.

[0088] According to the ideal gas equation, the ratio of the molar amounts of each component in a gas is equal to the ratio of their partial pressures. Therefore, by combining the above formula and Td(n-1), the humidity value RH(n-1) on the wet side can be obtained.

[0089] Specifically, based on the calculated mass transfer of each unit interval, the updated temperature values ​​of each unit interval on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier can be determined using the following formula.

[0090] Qw=Aw*hw*(Tw-Tm); Qd=Ad*hd*(Tm-Td);

[0091] △Hw=-Qw*△t, △Hd=Qd*△t;

[0092] Tw(k+1)=Tw(k)+ΔHw(k) / Cpw, Td(k+1)=Td(k)+ΔHd(k) / Cpd;

[0093] Where Qw is the heat transferred from the wet-side gas to the diaphragm through convection, Qd is the heat transferred from the diaphragm to the dry-side gas through convection, Aw is the heat transfer area of ​​the wet-side diaphragm surface, Ad is the heat transfer area of ​​the dry-side diaphragm surface, hw is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the wet-side diaphragm surface, hd is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the dry-side diaphragm surface, Tw is the wet-side gas temperature, Td is the dry-side gas temperature, and Tm is the diaphragm temperature. Tw(k) and Tw(k+1) represent the wet-side gas temperatures in the k-th and k+1-th iterations, respectively, and Td(k) and Td(k+1) represent the dry-side gas temperatures in the k-th and k+1-th iterations, respectively. Cpw is the heat capacity of the wet-side gas, Cpd is the heat capacity of the dry-side gas, and Δt is taken as 1.

[0094] Water vapor releases heat upon condensation on the membrane surface and absorbs heat upon evaporation. The magnitude of mass transfer affects the heat change, which in turn affects the temperature distribution from inlet to outlet. Therefore, the latent heat of each unit interval needs to be considered. In this case, since the phase change of water occurs on the membrane material surface, the heat released by condensation is absorbed by the membrane material, and the heat absorbed by evaporation is also provided by the membrane material. The influence of the surface mass transfer process on the surface heat transfer coefficient is ignored.

[0095] The heat transfer process in a humidifier consists of convective heat transfer between the gas and the membrane material on both sides, and heat conduction within the membrane material. In this case, the heat transfer perpendicular to the flow direction is much greater than the heat transfer in the flow direction, so heat conduction and convective heat transfer in the flow direction can be ignored. The spatial dimensional non-uniformity of the humidifier diaphragm is very small, and the simplified mass and heat transfer process can be accurately represented. Furthermore, the diaphragm thickness is very small, typically less than 0.0003 μm, so the internal thermal conduction resistance perpendicular to the diaphragm surface can be ignored.

[0096] Relatively low temperature gas flows into the dry side of the membrane material from the dry side inlet of the humidifier, while relatively high temperature gas flows into the wet side of the membrane material from the wet side inlet of the humidifier. The two are generally in a convective relationship, and heat is transferred from the wet side to the dry side.

[0097] Understandably, in this case, the heat change in each unit interval is determined based on the heat exchange between the wet-side gas of the humidifier and the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval, as well as the heat exchange between the humidifier diaphragm and the dry-side gas of the humidifier in each unit interval.

[0098] The heat exchange between the wet-side gas and the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval includes the heat transferred from the wet-side gas to the diaphragm through convection heat transfer, and the heat exchange between the humidifier diaphragm and the dry-side gas in each unit interval includes the heat transferred from the diaphragm to the dry-side gas through convection heat transfer.

[0099] Specifically, based on the calculated mass transfer in each unit interval, the updated diaphragm temperature values ​​for each unit interval of the humidifier are determined, including:

[0100] △Hm=(Qw-Qd)*△t;

[0101] Tm(k+1)=Tm(k)+ΔHm(k) / Cpm;

[0102] Where Tm(k) and Tm(k+1) represent the membrane temperatures in the k-th and k+1-th iterations according to the time sequence, respectively, Cpm is the membrane heat capacity, and Δt is taken as 1.

[0103] In a humidifier, the evaporation and condensation of water are key steps in the humidification process. When water changes from a liquid to a gaseous state (evaporation), it absorbs a certain amount of heat, known as latent heat. Conversely, when water changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state (condensation), it releases the same amount of heat. Considering the effect of mass transfer phase change on temperature distribution, according to the law of conservation of energy, the energy change of the diaphragm can be expressed as:

[0104] △Hm=(Qw-Qd+Qpw-Qpd)*△t;

[0105] Tm(k+1)=Tm(k)+ΔHm(k) / Cpm;

[0106] Where Qpw is the heat released by the condensation of water vapor on the wet side, and Qpd is the heat absorbed by the evaporation of water on the dry side, which can be determined based on the mass transfer and latent heat of vaporization per unit interval.

[0107] During the steady-state model calculation, the Tm(k+1)=Tm(k) can be satisfied through iterative convergence calculation.

[0108] Understandably, in this case, the heat change in each unit interval is determined based on the heat exchange between the humidifier wet-side gas and the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval, the heat exchange between the humidifier diaphragm and the humidifier dry-side gas in each unit interval, the heat release from water vapor condensation on the wet side of the humidifier in each unit interval, and the heat absorption from liquid water evaporation on the dry side of the humidifier in each unit interval.

[0109] The heat exchange between the wet-side gas and the humidifier diaphragm within each unit interval includes the heat transferred from the wet-side gas to the diaphragm via convection. The heat exchange between the diaphragm and the dry-side gas within each unit interval also includes the heat transferred from the diaphragm to the dry-side gas via convection. The heat release from water vapor condensation on the wet side and the heat absorption from water evaporation on the dry side within each unit interval can be calculated based on mass transfer.

[0110] In some embodiments, when the inlet gas parameters on the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are in a state of instantaneous change, the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval are iteratively calculated based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier, so as to obtain the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution and target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval. This process may include the following steps.

[0111] When the inlet gas parameters on the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are in a state of instantaneous change, the temperature, humidity and mass transfer of the gas in each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier are determined based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval at the previous moment.

[0112] Based on this, the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval are calculated at the next moment, based on the temperature, humidity and mass transfer of the gas in each unit interval at the previous moment. The updated temperature and humidity values ​​of each unit interval are obtained, and the mass transfer of each unit interval is updated again to obtain the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm.

[0113] In some embodiments, the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm can be determined based on the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier, after convergence of the inlet gas parameters on the dry and wet sides of the humidifier under stable conditions.

[0114] In this case, the parameters of the humidifier's dry and wet side inlet gas are determined by the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and water transfer mass of each unit interval after convergence in the steady state. These parameters are then used to determine the temperature, humidity, and transfer mass of the gas in each unit interval at the previous moment. This can improve the calculation accuracy and reduce the amount of iterative calculation for the transient process.

[0115] During the transient process, the parameters of the inlet gas on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are constantly changing and updating. The hydration and dehydration processes of the gas on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier diaphragm and the diaphragm surface are still in equilibrium. Due to the change in the instantaneous inlet gas conditions and the water-holding capacity of the diaphragm itself, the degree of hydration and mass transfer at the interface between the instantaneous dry and wet sides of the gas and the diaphragm can be expressed as:

[0116] Cwm(t+1)=Cwm(t)+(Fx_w(t)-Fx_m(t))*dt;

[0117] Cdm(t+1)=Cdm(t)+(Fx_m(t)-Fx_d(t))*dt;

[0118] Fx_w(t)=d(Cw(t)-Cwm(t)) / dt;

[0119] Fx_m(t)=D(t)*(Cwm(t)-Cdm(t)) / l;

[0120] Fx_d(t)=d(Cdm(t)-Cd(t)) / dt;

[0121] Where dt represents each time step, Cwm(t) and Cwm(t+1) are the hydration degree of the wet-side membrane surface at times t and t+1, respectively, Cw(t) is the membrane surface hydration degree calculated from the transiently changing wet-side gas state at time t, Cdm(t) and Cdm(t+1) are the dry-side membrane surface hydration degree at times t and t+1, respectively, Cd(t) is the membrane surface hydration degree calculated from the transiently changing dry-side gas state at time t; Fx_w(t) is the water flux from wet gas to the wet-side membrane surface at time t, Fx_d(t) is the diffusion mass per unit area from the dry-side membrane surface to the dry gas at time t, and Fx_m(t) is the diffusion mass per unit area of ​​the membrane at time t.

[0122] During the transient model calculation, the changes in enthalpy (i.e., heat transfer) of the wet-side gas, diaphragm, and dry-side gas at adjacent time steps are as follows:

[0123] △Hw=-Qw*△t, △Hm=(Qw-Qd)*△t, △Hd=Qd*△t;

[0124] Where △Hw is the enthalpy change of the wet-side gas, △Hm is the enthalpy change of the diaphragm, △Hd is the enthalpy change of the dry-side gas, and △t is the time step.

[0125] The temperature at the next moment can be calculated from the enthalpy change:

[0126] Tw(t+1)=Tw(t)+ΔHw(t) / Cpw, Tm(t+1)=Tm(t)+ΔHm(t) / Cpm, Td(t+1)=Td(t)+ΔHd(t) / Cpd;

[0127] Where Tw(t) and Tw(n+1) represent the wet-side gas temperature at times t and t+1, respectively; Tm(t) and Tm(t+1) represent the diaphragm temperature at times t and t+1, respectively; Td(t) and Td(t+1) represent the dry-side gas temperature at times t and t+1, respectively; Cpw is the heat capacity of the wet-side gas; Cpm is the heat capacity of the diaphragm; and Cpd is the heat capacity of the dry-side gas.

[0128] Water vapor releases heat when it condenses on the membrane surface, and absorbs heat when it evaporates. The magnitude of mass transfer affects the change in heat, which in turn affects the temperature distribution from the inlet to the outlet. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the unit latent heat of each unit interval.

[0129] In this case, since the phase change of water occurs on the surface of the membrane material, the heat released by condensation is absorbed by the membrane material, and the heat absorbed by evaporation is also provided by the membrane material, and the influence of the surface mass transfer process on the surface heat transfer coefficient is ignored.

[0130] The heat change in each unit interval is determined based on the heat exchange between the wet-side gas of the humidifier and the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval, as well as the heat exchange between the humidifier diaphragm and the dry-side gas of the humidifier in each unit interval.

[0131] The heat exchange between the wet-side gas and the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval includes the heat transferred from the wet-side gas to the diaphragm through convection heat transfer, and the heat exchange between the humidifier diaphragm and the dry-side gas in each unit interval includes the heat transferred from the diaphragm to the dry-side gas through convection heat transfer.

[0132] Considering the effect of mass transfer phase transition on temperature distribution, according to the law of conservation of energy, the energy change of the diaphragm can be expressed as:

[0133] △Qm=Qw-Qd+Qpw-Qpd;

[0134] Where △Qm is the change in membrane energy, Qpw is the heat released by the condensation of water vapor on the wet side, and Qpd is the heat absorbed by the evaporation of water on the dry side.

[0135] When the inlet gas parameters on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are in a steady state, ΔQm = 0 can be satisfied through iterative heat and mass transfer calculations.

[0136] When the parameters of the inlet gas on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are changing instantaneously, the diaphragm temperature for the next moment can be updated based on the diaphragm enthalpy change at the previous moment.

[0137] △Hm(t)=(Qw(t)-Qd(t)+Qpw(t)-Qpd(t))*△t, Tm(t+1)=Tm(t)+△Hm(t) / Cpm;

[0138] Where ΔHm(n) is the enthalpy change of the diaphragm at time t, Qw(t) is the heat transferred to the diaphragm by the wet-side gas through convection at time t, Qd(t) is the heat transferred to the dry-side gas by the diaphragm through convection at time t, Qpw(t) is the heat released by the condensation of water vapor on the wet side at time t, Qpd(t) is the heat absorbed by the evaporation of water on the dry side at time t, Tm and Tm(t+1) are the diaphragm temperatures at times t and t+1, respectively, and Cpm is the diaphragm heat capacity. Qpw(t) and Qpd(t) can be determined based on the mass transfer.

[0139] Based on this, the average temperature of the diaphragm at the next moment can be obtained and used as input for the calculation of mass and heat transfer at the next moment.

[0140] Step 140: Based on the humidity distribution and temperature distribution obtained by iterative calculation of each unit interval, determine the gas parameter values ​​at the dry side outlet of the humidifier.

[0141] It is understandable that after iteratively calculating the humidity and temperature distributions for each unit interval, one can directly obtain the following based on the humidity and temperature distributions: Figure 2 The humidity and temperature values ​​of the nth interval located on the dry side are used to determine the gas parameter values ​​at the dry side outlet of the humidifier.

[0142] The humidifier performance prediction method provided by the present invention uses the gas parameter values ​​of the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier as input, performs one-dimensional discretization of the humidifier flow direction, and iteratively calculates the target total mass transfer of the humidifier diaphragm by simulating the humidifier mass transfer process. This allows for the determination of the accurate mass transfer and humidity values ​​in each unit interval. Based on the humidifier's own heat and mass transfer mechanism, the method can calculate and consider factors such as material parameters and structural design parameters, and identify the humidifier's own attenuation. It eliminates the need to install humidity and temperature sensors at the dry-side outlet of the humidifier, thus broadening its applicability and providing more robust performance parameter prediction results.

[0143] In the heat transfer calculation of a humidifier, the heat exchange between the dry and wet sides of each unit interval can be re-determined based on the temperature values ​​of each unit interval. By calculating and updating the new heat exchange, the temperature values ​​of each unit interval are recalculated. Under steady-state conditions, this process is repeated until the calculated temperature values ​​of each unit interval converge. When the temperature values ​​of each unit interval converge, the temperature distribution of the humidifier can be determined. At this point, the temperature value within each unit interval has reached a steady state, and the heat transfer between it and adjacent unit intervals has reached equilibrium. Typically, the converged temperature distribution can be used as the final temperature distribution of the humidifier for further analysis and optimization of its performance.

[0144] In this embodiment, the heat and mass transfer process of the humidifier is accurately described by physical formulas. Each calculation unit satisfies the laws of energy conservation and mass conservation. With the inlet parameter conditions as input, the steady-state model iteratively calculates the mass and heat transfer, while the transient model calculates the real-time performance of the humidifier through the conservation relationship within the time step dt, and finally obtains the humidifier outlet humidity and temperature.

[0145] The performance prediction device for a humidifier provided by the present invention is described below. The performance prediction device for a humidifier described below can be referred to in correspondence with the performance prediction method for a humidifier described above.

[0146] like Figure 3 As shown, the performance prediction device for the humidifier in this embodiment of the invention mainly includes an acquisition module 310, a first processing module 320, a second processing module 330, and a third processing module 340.

[0147] The acquisition module 310 is used to acquire gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier; the gas parameters include flow rate, pressure, temperature and humidity;

[0148] The first processing module 320 is used to determine the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier based on the gas parameter values; the width of the unit interval is equal along the gas flow direction of the humidifier;

[0149] The second processing module 330 is used to iteratively calculate the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier, and obtain the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution and target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm of each unit interval; the target mass transfer is determined based on the mass transfer diffusion analysis calculation of each unit interval.

[0150] The third processing module 340 is used to determine the gas parameter values ​​at the dry side outlet of the humidifier based on the humidity distribution and temperature distribution obtained by iterative calculation of each unit interval.

[0151] The humidifier performance prediction device provided in this embodiment of the invention uses the gas parameter values ​​of the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier as input, performs one-dimensional discretization of the humidifier flow direction, and iteratively calculates the target total mass transfer of the humidifier diaphragm by simulating the humidifier mass transfer process. This allows for the determination of the accurate mass transfer and humidity values ​​in each unit interval. Based on the humidifier's own heat and mass transfer mechanism, the device can calculate and consider factors such as material parameters and structural design parameters, and identify the humidifier's own attenuation. It eliminates the need to install humidity and temperature sensors at the dry-side outlet of the humidifier, thus broadening its applicability and providing more robust performance parameter prediction results.

[0152] Figure 4 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communication interface 420, a memory 430, and a communication bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communication interface 420, and the memory 430 communicate with each other through the communication bus 440. The processor 410 can call logic instructions in the memory 430 to execute a humidifier performance prediction method, which includes: acquiring gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier; the gas parameters include flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity; determining interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier based on the gas parameter values; the width of each unit interval is equal along the gas flow direction of the humidifier; iteratively calculating the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval based on the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier, obtaining the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm for each unit interval; the target mass transfer is determined based on mass transfer diffusion analysis calculations performed on each unit interval; and determining the gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side outlet of the humidifier based on the humidity distribution and temperature distribution obtained from iterative calculations of each unit interval.

[0153] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 430 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0154] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a fuel cell, including a stack, a humidifier, and electronic equipment as described above.

[0155] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the humidifier performance prediction method provided by the above methods. The method includes: obtaining gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier; the gas parameters include flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity; determining the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier based on the gas parameter values; the width of each unit interval is equal along the gas flow direction of the humidifier; iteratively calculating the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval based on the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier, and obtaining the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm for each unit interval; the target mass transfer is determined based on mass transfer diffusion analysis calculations of each unit interval; and determining the gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side outlet of the humidifier based on the humidity distribution and temperature distribution obtained by iterative calculation of each unit interval.

[0156] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a humidifier performance prediction method provided by the methods described above. This method includes: acquiring gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier; the gas parameters include flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity; determining interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier based on the gas parameter values; the width of each unit interval is equal along the gas flow direction of the humidifier; iteratively calculating the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval based on the interval gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier, obtaining the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm for each unit interval; the target total mass transfer is determined based on mass transfer diffusion analysis calculations performed on each unit interval; and determining the gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side outlet of the humidifier based on the humidity distribution and temperature distribution obtained from iterative calculations of each unit interval.

[0157] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0158] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0159] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of performance prediction of a humidifier, characterized by, include: Obtain the gas parameter values ​​of the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier; the gas parameters include flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity; The space of the humidifier is divided into several unit intervals of equal width along the gas flow direction of the humidifier. Based on the gas parameter values, the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier are determined. Based on the gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier, the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval are iteratively calculated to obtain the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm for each unit interval. The target mass transfer is determined based on mass transfer and diffusion analysis of each unit interval. Specifically, when the inlet gas parameters on both the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are in a stable state, based on the gas parameter values ​​within each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier and the initial mass transfer, the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval are calculated to obtain the updated temperature and humidity values ​​for each unit interval. The mass transfer of each unit interval is then updated again to obtain the target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm. This process is repeated to calculate the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval, obtain the updated temperature and humidity values ​​for each unit interval, and then update the mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm again. The process involves determining the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm, continuing until the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval converge. The initial mass transfer is a preset value. The target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm is determined as follows: the degree of hydration at the wet-side diaphragm interface is determined based on the wet-side hydration coefficient and the partial pressure of water vapor in the wet-side gas; the degree of hydration at the dry-side diaphragm interface is determined based on the dry-side hydration coefficient and the partial pressure of water vapor in the dry-side gas; the diffusion mass transfer per unit area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval is determined based on the actual diffusion coefficient, thickness, degree of hydration at the wet-side diaphragm interface, and degree of hydration at the dry-side diaphragm interface; and the target total mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm is determined based on the diffusion mass transfer per unit area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval and the area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm. Based on the humidity and temperature distributions obtained through iterative calculations of each unit interval, the gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side outlet of the humidifier are determined.

2. The humidifier performance prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partial pressure of water vapor in the wet-side gas is determined based on the humidity value of the wet side of the humidifier diaphragm, and the partial pressure of water vapor in the dry-side gas is determined based on the humidity value of the dry side of the humidifier diaphragm; the actual diffusion coefficient of the humidifier diaphragm is determined based on the diffusion coefficient of the humidifier diaphragm under standard conditions, the average degree of hydration of the humidifier diaphragm, and the average temperature of the humidifier diaphragm; the average degree of hydration of the humidifier diaphragm is the average of the degree of hydration at the wet-side diaphragm interface and the degree of hydration at the dry-side diaphragm interface.

3. The humidifier performance prediction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat change in each unit interval is determined based on the heat exchange between the wet-side gas of the humidifier and the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval, as well as the heat exchange between the humidifier diaphragm and the dry-side gas of the humidifier in each unit interval.

4. The humidifier performance prediction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat change in each unit interval is determined based on the heat exchange between the wet-side gas of the humidifier and the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval, the heat exchange between the humidifier diaphragm and the dry-side gas of the humidifier in each unit interval, the heat release from water vapor condensation on the wet side of the humidifier in each unit interval, and the heat absorption from liquid water evaporation on the dry side of the humidifier in each unit interval.

5. A performance prediction device for a humidifier, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire gas parameter values ​​at the dry-side inlet and wet-side inlet of the humidifier; the gas parameters include flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity; The first processing module is used to divide the spatial area of ​​the humidifier into several unit intervals of equal width along the gas flow direction of the humidifier, and to determine the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval in the gas flow direction of the humidifier based on the gas parameter values. The second processing module is used to iteratively calculate the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval based on the interval gas parameter values ​​in each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier, to obtain the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval; the target mass transfer is determined based on mass transfer and diffusion analysis calculations of each unit interval; wherein, when the inlet gas parameters of the dry and wet sides of the humidifier are in a stable state, the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval are calculated based on the interval gas parameter values ​​and initial mass transfer in each unit interval along the gas flow direction of the humidifier, to obtain the updated temperature and humidity values ​​of each unit interval, and the mass transfer of each unit interval is updated again to obtain the target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm; the steps of calculating the heat change and mass transfer of each unit interval, obtaining the updated temperature and humidity values ​​of each unit interval, and updating the mass transfer of each unit interval again to obtain the target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm are repeated until the updated humidity distribution, temperature distribution, and target mass transfer of water through the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval are obtained. The total mass transfer converges; the initial mass transfer is a preset value; the target total mass transfer of water passing through the humidifier diaphragm is determined as follows: the degree of hydration of the wet-side diaphragm interface is determined based on the wet-side hydration coefficient and the partial pressure of water vapor in the wet-side gas; the degree of hydration of the dry-side diaphragm interface is determined based on the dry-side hydration coefficient and the partial pressure of water vapor in the dry-side gas; the diffusion mass transfer per unit area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval is determined based on the actual diffusion coefficient of the humidifier diaphragm, the thickness of the humidifier diaphragm, the degree of hydration of the wet-side diaphragm interface, and the degree of hydration of the dry-side diaphragm interface; and the target total mass transfer of water passing through the humidifier diaphragm is determined based on the diffusion mass transfer per unit area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm in each unit interval and the area of ​​the humidifier diaphragm. The third processing module is used to determine the gas parameter values ​​at the dry side outlet of the humidifier based on the humidity distribution and temperature distribution obtained by iterative calculation of each unit interval.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the humidifier performance prediction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A fuel cell, characterized in that, This includes fuel cells, humidifiers, and electronic devices as described in claim 6.

Images