A battery energy management control method, device and system

Abstract

The application discloses a battery energy management control method, device and system, comprising: acquiring a power request of a vehicle; when a change range of the power request does not exceed a preset proportion range, discharging or recharging of a second power battery is controlled according to the power request; when the change range of the power request exceeds the preset proportion range, discharging or recharging of the first power battery is controlled according to the power request, and discharging or recharging of the second power battery is controlled according to the power of discharging or recharging of the first power battery; output power of a fuel cell is acquired, and after the output power is stably operated for more than a first preset time, the fuel cell is controlled to execute load changing, and the first power battery is controlled to change the load in cooperation with the load changing of the fuel cell. The application solves the technical problem that the service life of the fuel cell or the performance of the power battery is easily affected when the whole vehicle power is suddenly changed in the prior art, and the fuel cell and the power battery cannot stably output and cooperate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery management and control technology, and in particular to a battery energy management and control method, device and system. Background Technology

[0002] New energy vehicles incorporate fuel cells as part of their powertrain, using power batteries as a carrier for peak shaving and valley filling of energy generated by fuel cells. This is commonly used in parallel hybrid systems.

[0003] Currently, vehicles frequently encounter variable power conditions during operation, such as acceleration, deceleration, and incline / descent. Fuel cells require a smooth and stable energy output; excessive and frequent rapid load changes can negatively impact their lifespan. In existing technologies, while the battery can provide some energy replenishment during rapid acceleration or sudden changes in vehicle power, it struggles to simultaneously meet the energy demands of peak shaving during normal driving and rapid acceleration / deceleration. This can either affect the fuel cell's lifespan or the battery's performance. Furthermore, when the fuel cell is responding to a sudden stop under vehicle load, the battery needs to absorb both the fuel cell's power and the braking power during deceleration. However, rapid high-power recovery is not suitable for the battery, further reducing its lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a battery energy management control method, device, and system to solve the technical problem in the prior art that when the power of the whole vehicle changes drastically, it can easily affect the life of the fuel cell or the performance of the power battery, resulting in the inability of the fuel cell and the power battery to stably coordinate their output.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery energy management and control method, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the power request of the vehicle; wherein the vehicle's battery includes a first power battery, a second power battery and a fuel cell, and the capacity of the first power battery is greater than that of the second power battery;

[0007] When the change in the power request does not exceed the preset ratio range, the discharge or recharge of the second power battery is controlled according to the power request.

[0008] When the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, the discharge or recharge of the first power battery is controlled according to the power request, and the discharge or recharge of the second power battery is controlled according to the power of the discharge or recharge of the first power battery.

[0009] After the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first power battery and the second power battery are discharged or recharged together, the output power of the fuel cell is obtained, and after the output power has been running stably for more than a first preset time, the fuel cell is controlled to perform load change, and the first power battery is controlled to change load in accordance with the load change of the fuel cell.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the step of controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power request when the change in the power request does not exceed a preset ratio range includes:

[0011] When the change in the power request does not exceed the preset ratio range, the instantaneous change in power of the second power battery is calculated based on the power request, thereby calculating the amount of electricity that the second power battery needs to output or input.

[0012] Based on the instantaneous power change of the second power battery and the amount of electricity to be output or input, the second power battery is controlled to discharge or recharge within the first preset time period.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the formula for calculating the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is as follows:

[0014] W2=ΔP1·t

[0015] Wherein, W2 is the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery, ΔP1 is the change range of the power request, and t is the first preset time.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, after controlling the second power battery to discharge or recharge within the first preset time period, obtaining the output power of the fuel cell includes:

[0017] The output power of the fuel cell is obtained, and it is determined every second preset time whether the output power of the fuel cell has been operating stably for more than the first preset time.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, when the change in power request exceeds a preset proportional range, controlling the discharge or recharge of the first power battery according to the power request, and controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the discharge or recharge power of the first power battery, includes:

[0019] When the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, the power rate change information of the first power battery within the first preset time period is calculated based on the power request.

[0020] Based on the power request, the instantaneous power change of the second power battery is calculated, and combined with the power rate change information of the first power battery, the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is obtained.

[0021] Based on the power rate change information of the first power battery, the discharge or recharge of the first power battery is controlled, thereby controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery based on the power change of the discharge or recharge of the first power battery and the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the formula for calculating the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Wherein, W2 is the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery, ΔP2 is the change range of the power request, t is the first preset time, and Δv1 is the power rate change information of the first power battery.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, controlling the fuel cell to perform load changes and controlling the first power battery to change load in coordination with the load changes of the fuel cell includes:

[0026] According to the preset power change rate, the fuel cell is controlled to change the load so that the power of the fuel cell during discharge or recharge reaches the power request.

[0027] During the load change of the fuel cell, the first power battery is synchronously controlled to change the load at a preset power change rate so that the total power of the vehicle remains the same as the power request; wherein, the total power of the vehicle is the sum of the power of the fuel cell, the first power battery and the second power battery.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, during the load variation of the fuel cell, the following is also included:

[0029] When there is a power error between the total power of the vehicle and the power request, the second power battery is controlled to discharge or recharge according to the power error, so that the total power of the vehicle remains the same as the power request.

[0030] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a battery energy management control device, comprising: an acquisition module, a first control module, a second control module, and a load-changing module;

[0031] The acquisition module is used to acquire the power request of the vehicle; wherein the vehicle's battery includes a first power battery, a second power battery and a fuel cell, and the capacity of the first power battery is greater than that of the second power battery;

[0032] The first control module is used to control the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power request when the change in the power request does not exceed a preset ratio range;

[0033] The second control module is used to control the discharge or recharge of the first power battery according to the power request when the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, and to control the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the discharge or recharge power of the first power battery.

[0034] The load-changing module is used to obtain the output power of the fuel cell after the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first power battery and the second power battery are discharged or recharged together, and after the output power has been running stably for more than a first preset time, control the fuel cell to perform load changing, and control the first power battery to change load in coordination with the load changing of the fuel cell.

[0035] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a battery energy management and control system, including: an MCU and a first power battery, a second power battery and a fuel cell connected to the MCU;

[0036] The MCU is used to execute any of the battery energy management control methods described above.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The technical solution of this invention obtains the power request of the vehicle and then determines and controls the discharge or recharge of the second power battery by measuring the change in the power request, or determines and coordinates the discharge or recharge of both the first and second power batteries. Thus, during periods of rapid change in the vehicle's power demand, the fuel cell can maintain stable output and the first power battery can maintain stable linear change. Excess energy is stored in the second power battery or released instantaneously by the second power battery. This ensures that the second power battery can balance charge and discharge rates with operating costs. In the long run, by sacrificing the second power battery, the lifespan of the first power battery and the fuel cell is improved. Since the capacity of the first power battery is larger than that of the second power battery, the cost of the second power battery is lower than that of the first power battery, resulting in lower overall vehicle operating costs.

[0039] Furthermore, after the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first and second power batteries are discharged or recharged together, and after ensuring that the output power of the fuel cell operates stably for more than a first preset time, the fuel cell and the first power battery are then controlled to perform load changes. This improves the output stability of the first power battery and the fuel cell, balances the energy management needs of the fuel cell and the power battery under the vehicle's operating environment, and can take into account the rapid energy changes during normal driving, such as peak shaving and valley filling, and rapid acceleration and deceleration, when the vehicle's power changes drastically, so as to ensure the stable output and coordination of the fuel cell and the power battery. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 : A flowchart illustrating the steps of a battery energy management and control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 : This is a flowchart of the battery energy management control provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 : This is a schematic diagram of the load variation timing of the fuel cell and the first power battery;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery load change timing provided by an embodiment of the present invention, showing the energy replenishment provided by the second power battery.

[0044] Figure 5 : A structural diagram of a battery energy management control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 : This is a structural diagram of a battery energy management and control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 A battery energy management control method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes the following steps S101-S104:

[0049] Step S101: Obtain the power request of the vehicle; wherein the vehicle's battery includes a first power battery, a second power battery and a fuel cell, and the capacity of the first power battery is greater than that of the second power battery.

[0050] In this embodiment, the power request for driving can be calculated by comprehensively considering information such as the accelerator pedal, brake pedal, current vehicle speed, and gear position. Specifically, it can be obtained through the OBD (On-Board Diagnostics) interface, CAN bus, or by reading the driving mode. For example, by connecting to the OBD interface and sending a specific request command, information including engine speed, fault codes, and real-time data streams can be obtained, which may contain power-related parameters such as engine load and torque output, thereby indirectly estimating the power. Furthermore, by monitoring the CAN bus, real-time data inside the vehicle, including relevant parameters of the powertrain, can be captured.

[0051] It should be noted that the capacity of the first power battery is greater than that of the second power battery. Preferably, the first power battery is a product with a capacity of 80 kWh or more and a charge / discharge rate of 1 to 2C. The lower charge / discharge rate can ensure the lifespan of the first power battery. The second power battery is a product with a capacity of less than 10 kWh and a charge / discharge rate of more than 2C, thereby ensuring that the output power of the second power battery can change instantaneously.

[0052] Step S102: When the change in the power request does not exceed the preset ratio range, control the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power request.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the step of controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power request when the change in the power request does not exceed a preset ratio range includes:

[0054] When the change in the power request does not exceed the preset ratio range, the instantaneous power change of the second power battery is calculated according to the power request, thereby calculating the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery; based on the instantaneous power change of the second power battery and the amount of electricity to be output or input, the second power battery is controlled to discharge or recharge within the first preset time.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the formula for calculating the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is as follows:

[0056] W2=ΔP1·t

[0057] Wherein, W2 is the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery, ΔP1 is the change range of the power request, and t is the first preset time.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, after controlling the second power battery to discharge or recharge within the first preset time, obtaining the output power of the fuel cell includes:

[0059] The output power of the fuel cell is obtained, and it is determined every second preset time whether the output power of the fuel cell has been operating stably for more than the first preset time.

[0060] In this embodiment, the preset ratio range can be set according to actual vehicle needs; preferably, the preset ratio range is 50%. By determining the magnitude of the power request change, the power output and charge level of the second power battery participating in the instantaneous change can be calculated. For example, please refer to... Figure 2 When the power request of the vehicle changes by no more than ±50%, for example, from 40kW to 50kW, the second power battery will provide energy output for a first preset time, preferably 5 minutes. This means the second power battery will provide energy output for a maximum of 5 minutes, requiring approximately 0.8 kWh of electricity. During this 5-minute period of energy output from the second power battery, the fuel cell continues to operate stably at its normal power output. After the fuel cell has been operating stably for more than 5 minutes, it will then replace the second power battery in providing energy output, thus enabling load switching.

[0061] Furthermore, if the requested power returns from 50kW to 40kW within the 5 minutes that the second power battery is outputting energy (equivalent to a power change of -20%), then the fuel cell will not need to perform load change operations. It will still be discharged or recharged by the second power battery, thus the second power battery will handle the transient power output, thereby reducing the number of times the fuel cell operates under different conditions.

[0062] In this embodiment, the output power of the fuel cell can be obtained through the fuel cell system controller. During the first preset time of discharge or recharge of the second power battery, every second preset time, preferably 30 seconds, it is necessary to determine whether the output power of the fuel cell has been running stably for more than 5 minutes. When the fuel cell has been running stably for more than 5 minutes, it is necessary to control the fuel cell to change the load.

[0063] Step S103: When the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, control the discharge or recharge of the first power battery according to the power request, and control the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power of the discharge or recharge of the first power battery.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, when the change in power request exceeds a preset proportional range, controlling the discharge or recharge of the first power battery according to the power request, and controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the discharge or recharge power of the first power battery, includes:

[0065] When the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, the power rate change information of the first power battery within the first preset time period is calculated based on the power request; the instantaneous power change of the second power battery is calculated based on the power request, and the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is obtained by combining the power rate change information of the first power battery; the discharge or recharge of the first power battery is controlled based on the power rate change information of the first power battery, thereby controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery based on the power change of the discharge or recharge of the first power battery and the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, the formula for calculating the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Wherein, W2 is the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery, ΔP2 is the change range of the power request, t is the first preset time, and Δv1 is the power rate change information of the first power battery.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the change in power request exceeds a preset proportional range, it is necessary to control the first and second power batteries to coordinate their power output. This is to prevent the change in power request from exceeding the power output value of the second power battery, which would otherwise be unable to output the power and charge required for driving. For an example, please refer to [link to example]. Figure 2When the requested driving power changes by more than ±50%, such as from 40kW to 70kW, the first power battery changes according to the power rate change information. Preferably, the power rate change information is calculated based on the magnitude of the requested power change and a first preset time, i.e., the first power battery changes at a rate of 30kW / 300s. During the load change process of the first power battery, the second power battery coordinates with the change in the vehicle's driving energy output to ensure that the first power battery can achieve the vehicle's driving output power instantaneously. The second power battery requires approximately 1.25kWh of charge during this process. After the fuel cell has been running stably for more than 5 minutes, a 20A / s load change is performed. Since the vehicle power changes from 40kW to 70kW, the fuel cell achieves the vehicle power output after 5 minutes, thus the first power battery coordinates with the fuel cell to change the load at a rate of -20A / s.

[0070] Understandably, during long-term vehicle operation, the fuel cell generates electricity from fuel, thus achieving a stable power output over extended periods. The primary power battery, acting as an auxiliary power source, maintains the vehicle's output power during load variations, ensuring the vehicle's output reaches the required power level. However, due to drastic changes in driving power, the fuel cell's output power cannot change rapidly. This necessitates the primary power battery to compensate for the power fluctuations, leading to frequent power fluctuations in the primary power battery and consequently reducing its lifespan. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a scenario in the aforementioned scheme where the fuel cell, responding to a sudden stop while the vehicle is under load, experiences rapid energy recovery. Specifically, the first power battery needs to absorb both the power from the fuel cell and the braking power, increasing the vehicle's power demand. Consequently, the first power battery increases its power accordingly. After the fuel cell maintains its original power for a period, load changes occur through both the fuel cell and the first power battery, ensuring the vehicle's power requirements are met. However, rapid power changes make it difficult for the first power battery to handle the rapid energy changes during deceleration, making it unsuitable for rapid high-power recovery. This scheme uses a second power battery with a smaller capacity than the first power battery as redundancy for power output during load changes. This ensures the first power battery can handle rapid power changes, while sacrificing the reduced lifespan of the second power battery due to power transients to ensure the lifespan of the first power battery, thus reducing vehicle operating costs. Specifically, as shown... Figure 4As shown, this is a schematic diagram of how the second power battery replenishes the energy for rapid charging and discharging when a sudden change in energy is requested, so that both the fuel cell and the first power battery can be used in a relatively gradual change state. The shaded part is the second power battery replenishing the energy for rapid charging and discharging.

[0071] Furthermore, by replenishing the energy from the fast charging and discharging of the second power battery, the lifespan and performance of both the fuel cell and the first power battery can be improved. Since the first power battery bears most of the load under varying conditions, its lifespan decline can be reduced simply by replacing the second power battery, thus lowering the overall vehicle maintenance costs.

[0072] Step S104: After the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first power battery and the second power battery are discharged or recharged together, the output power of the fuel cell is obtained, and after the output power has been running stably for more than a first preset time, the fuel cell is controlled to perform load change, and the first power battery is controlled to change load in accordance with the load change of the fuel cell.

[0073] As a preferred embodiment, controlling the fuel cell to perform load changes and controlling the first power battery to change load in coordination with the load changes of the fuel cell includes:

[0074] According to a preset power change rate, the fuel cell is controlled to change load so that the power of the fuel cell during discharge or recharge reaches the power request; during the load change of the fuel cell, the first power battery is synchronously controlled to change load at a preset power change rate so that the total power of the vehicle remains the same as the power request; wherein, the total power of the vehicle is the sum of the power of the fuel cell, the first power battery and the second power battery.

[0075] In this embodiment, to ensure the vehicle's overall power output, a preset power change rate is determined, preferably 20 A / s, to control the power changes of the fuel cell and the first power battery. This ensures the fuel cell reaches the power required for the power request, while the first power battery adjusts its power according to the fuel cell's current power output at a rate of 20 A / s, ensuring the total vehicle power remains consistent with the power request at all times. During this period, the second power battery, capable of instantaneous power changes, maintains a power input or output of zero.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, during the load change of the fuel cell, the following is further included:

[0077] When there is a power error between the total power of the vehicle and the power request, the second power battery is controlled to discharge or recharge according to the power error, so that the total power of the vehicle remains the same as the power request.

[0078] In this embodiment, if the vehicle's power changes slightly during the period of coordinated power change between the fuel cell and the first power battery, for example, within ±10% of the power request, the power output during this period can be handled by the second power battery, thereby ensuring the stable power change of the fuel cell and the first power battery, while the power change during this period is handled by the second power battery.

[0079] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0080] The technical solution of this invention obtains the power request of the vehicle and then determines and controls the discharge or recharge of the second power battery by measuring the change in the power request, or determines and coordinates the discharge or recharge of both the first and second power batteries. Thus, during periods of rapid change in the vehicle's power demand, the fuel cell can maintain stable output and the first power battery can maintain stable linear change. Excess energy is stored in the second power battery or released instantaneously by the second power battery. This ensures that the second power battery can balance charge and discharge rates with operating costs. In the long run, by sacrificing the second power battery, the lifespan of the first power battery and the fuel cell is improved. Since the capacity of the first power battery is larger than that of the second power battery, the cost of the second power battery is lower than that of the first power battery, resulting in lower overall vehicle operating costs.

[0081] Furthermore, after the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first and second power batteries are discharged or recharged together, and after ensuring that the output power of the fuel cell operates stably for more than a first preset time, the fuel cell and the first power battery are then controlled to perform load changes. This improves the output stability of the first power battery and the fuel cell, balances the energy management needs of the fuel cell and the power battery under the vehicle's operating environment, and can take into account the rapid energy changes during normal driving, such as peak shaving and valley filling, and rapid acceleration and deceleration, when the vehicle's power changes drastically, so as to ensure the stable output and coordination of the fuel cell and the power battery.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] Please see Figure 5 The present invention provides a battery energy management control device, comprising: an acquisition module 201, a first control module 202, a second control module 203, and a load changing module 204.

[0084] The acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the power request of the vehicle; wherein the vehicle's battery includes a first power battery, a second power battery and a fuel cell, and the capacity of the first power battery is greater than that of the second power battery.

[0085] The first control module 202 is used to control the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power request when the change in the power request does not exceed a preset ratio range.

[0086] The second control module 203 is used to control the discharge or recharge of the first power battery according to the power request when the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, and to control the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power of the discharge or recharge of the first power battery.

[0087] The load change module 204 is used to obtain the output power of the fuel cell after the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first power battery and the second power battery are discharged or recharged together, and after the output power has been running stably for more than a first preset time, control the fuel cell to perform load change, and control the first power battery to cooperate with the load change of the fuel cell.

[0088] As a preferred embodiment, the step of controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power request when the change in the power request does not exceed a preset ratio range includes:

[0089] When the change in the power request does not exceed the preset ratio range, the instantaneous change in power of the second power battery is calculated based on the power request, thereby calculating the amount of electricity that the second power battery needs to output or input.

[0090] Based on the instantaneous power change of the second power battery and the amount of electricity to be output or input, the second power battery is controlled to discharge or recharge within the first preset time period.

[0091] As a preferred embodiment, the formula for calculating the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is as follows:

[0092] W2=ΔP1·t

[0093] Wherein, W2 is the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery, ΔP1 is the change range of the power request, and t is the first preset time.

[0094] As a preferred embodiment, after controlling the second power battery to discharge or recharge within the first preset time period, obtaining the output power of the fuel cell includes:

[0095] The output power of the fuel cell is obtained, and it is determined every second preset time whether the output power of the fuel cell has been operating stably for more than the first preset time.

[0096] As a preferred embodiment, when the change in power request exceeds a preset proportional range, controlling the discharge or recharge of the first power battery according to the power request, and controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the discharge or recharge power of the first power battery, includes:

[0097] When the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, the power rate change information of the first power battery within the first preset time period is calculated based on the power request.

[0098] Based on the power request, the instantaneous power change of the second power battery is calculated, and combined with the power rate change information of the first power battery, the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is obtained.

[0099] Based on the power rate change information of the first power battery, the discharge or recharge of the first power battery is controlled, thereby controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery based on the power change of the discharge or recharge of the first power battery and the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery.

[0100] As a preferred embodiment, the formula for calculating the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Wherein, W2 is the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery, ΔP2 is the change range of the power request, t is the first preset time, and Δv1 is the power rate change information of the first power battery.

[0103] As a preferred embodiment, controlling the fuel cell to perform load changes and controlling the first power battery to change load in coordination with the load changes of the fuel cell includes:

[0104] According to the preset power change rate, the fuel cell is controlled to change the load so that the power of the fuel cell during discharge or recharge reaches the power request.

[0105] During the load change of the fuel cell, the first power battery is synchronously controlled to change the load at a preset power change rate so that the total power of the vehicle remains the same as the power request; wherein, the total power of the vehicle is the sum of the power of the fuel cell, the first power battery and the second power battery.

[0106] As a preferred embodiment, during the load variation of the fuel cell, the following is also included:

[0107] When there is a power error between the total power of the vehicle and the power request, the second power battery is controlled to discharge or recharge according to the power error, so that the total power of the vehicle remains the same as the power request.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0109] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0110] The technical solution of this invention obtains the power request of the vehicle and then determines and controls the discharge or recharge of the second power battery by measuring the change in the power request, or determines and coordinates the discharge or recharge of both the first and second power batteries. Thus, during periods of rapid change in the vehicle's power demand, the fuel cell can maintain stable output and the first power battery can maintain stable linear change. Excess energy is stored in the second power battery or released instantaneously by the second power battery. This ensures that the second power battery can balance charge and discharge rates with operating costs. In the long run, by sacrificing the second power battery, the lifespan of the first power battery and the fuel cell is improved. Since the capacity of the first power battery is larger than that of the second power battery, the cost of the second power battery is lower than that of the first power battery, resulting in lower overall vehicle operating costs.

[0111] Furthermore, after the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first and second power batteries are discharged or recharged together, and after ensuring that the output power of the fuel cell operates stably for more than a first preset time, the fuel cell and the first power battery are then controlled to perform load changes. This improves the output stability of the first power battery and the fuel cell, balances the energy management needs of the fuel cell and the power battery under the vehicle's operating environment, and can take into account the rapid energy changes during normal driving, such as peak shaving and valley filling, and rapid acceleration and deceleration, when the vehicle's power changes drastically, so as to ensure the stable output and coordination of the fuel cell and the power battery.

[0112] Example 3

[0113] Please see Figure 6 The present invention provides a battery energy management and control system, comprising: an MCU and a first power battery, a second power battery and a fuel cell connected to the MCU.

[0114] The MCU is used to execute the battery energy management control method described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0115] It is understood that the MCU is used to execute or run computer programs or computer instructions stored in memory. When the MCU executes the computer program, it implements the various steps in the above embodiment one, such as step S101 or step S103.

[0116] Furthermore, the battery energy management and control system also includes a battery all-in-one controller, which is connected to the first power battery, the second power battery, and the fuel cell respectively. The battery all-in-one controller is also connected to the MCU, so that the MCU's control commands can be used to control the first power battery, the second power battery, and the fuel cell separately through the battery all-in-one controller, thereby improving the control accuracy among the first power battery, the second power battery, and the fuel cell.

[0117] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0118] The technical solution of this invention obtains the power request of the vehicle and then determines and controls the discharge or recharge of the second power battery by measuring the change in the power request, or determines and coordinates the discharge or recharge of both the first and second power batteries. Thus, during periods of rapid change in the vehicle's power demand, the fuel cell can maintain stable output and the first power battery can maintain stable linear change. Excess energy is stored in the second power battery or released instantaneously by the second power battery. This ensures that the second power battery can balance charge and discharge rates with operating costs. In the long run, by sacrificing the second power battery, the lifespan of the first power battery and the fuel cell is improved. Since the capacity of the first power battery is larger than that of the second power battery, the cost of the second power battery is lower than that of the first power battery, resulting in lower overall vehicle operating costs.

[0119] Furthermore, after the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first and second power batteries are discharged or recharged together, and after ensuring that the output power of the fuel cell operates stably for more than a first preset time, the fuel cell and the first power battery are then controlled to perform load changes. This improves the output stability of the first power battery and the fuel cell, balances the energy management needs of the fuel cell and the power battery under the vehicle's operating environment, and can take into account the rapid energy changes during normal driving, such as peak shaving and valley filling, and rapid acceleration and deceleration, when the vehicle's power changes drastically, so as to ensure the stable output and coordination of the fuel cell and the power battery.

[0120] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A battery energy management and control method, characterized in that, include: Obtain the power request of the vehicle; wherein the vehicle's battery includes a first power battery, a second power battery and a fuel cell, and the capacity of the first power battery is greater than that of the second power battery; When the change in the power request does not exceed the preset ratio range, the discharge or recharge of the second power battery is controlled according to the power request. When the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, the discharge or recharge of the first power battery is controlled according to the power request, and the discharge or recharge of the second power battery is controlled according to the power of the discharge or recharge of the first power battery. After the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first power battery and the second power battery are discharged or recharged together, the output power of the fuel cell is obtained, and after the output power has been running stably for more than a first preset time, the fuel cell is controlled to perform load change, and the first power battery is controlled to change load in accordance with the load change of the fuel cell.

2. The battery energy management and control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the change in the power request does not exceed a preset ratio range, controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power request includes: When the change in the power request does not exceed the preset ratio range, the instantaneous change in power of the second power battery is calculated based on the power request, thereby calculating the amount of electricity that the second power battery needs to output or input. Based on the instantaneous power change of the second power battery and the amount of electricity to be output or input, the second power battery is controlled to discharge or recharge within the first preset time period.

3. The battery energy management and control method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is as follows: W2=ΔP1·t Wherein, W2 is the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery, ΔP1 is the change range of the power request, and t is the first preset time.

4. The battery energy management and control method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, After the second power battery is controlled to discharge or recharge within the first preset time, obtaining the output power of the fuel cell includes: The output power of the fuel cell is obtained, and it is determined every second preset time whether the output power of the fuel cell has been operating stably for more than the first preset time.

5. The battery energy management and control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the change in the power request exceeds a preset proportional range, the discharge or recharge of the first power battery is controlled according to the power request, and the discharge or recharge of the second power battery is controlled according to the power of the discharge or recharge of the first power battery, including: When the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, the power rate change information of the first power battery within the first preset time period is calculated based on the power request. Based on the power request, the instantaneous power change of the second power battery is calculated, and combined with the power rate change information of the first power battery, the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is obtained. Based on the power rate change information of the first power battery, the discharge or recharge of the first power battery is controlled, thereby controlling the discharge or recharge of the second power battery based on the power change of the discharge or recharge of the first power battery and the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery.

6. The battery energy management and control method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery is as follows: Wherein, W2 is the amount of electricity to be output or input by the second power battery, ΔP2 is the change range of the power request, t is the first preset time, and Δv1 is the power rate change information of the first power battery.

7. The battery energy management and control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control of the fuel cell to perform load variation, and the control of the first power battery to vary the load in accordance with the load variation of the fuel cell, includes: According to the preset power change rate, the fuel cell is controlled to change the load so that the power of the fuel cell during discharge or recharge reaches the power request. During the load change of the fuel cell, the first power battery is synchronously controlled to change the load at a preset power change rate so that the total power of the vehicle remains the same as the power request; wherein, the total power of the vehicle is the sum of the power of the fuel cell, the first power battery and the second power battery.

8. The battery energy management and control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, During the load variation of the fuel cell, the following is also included: When there is a power error between the total power of the vehicle and the power request, the second power battery is controlled to discharge or recharge according to the power error, so that the total power of the vehicle remains the same as the power request.

9. A battery energy management control device, characterized in that, include: The module includes an acquisition module, a first control module, a second control module, and a load change module. The acquisition module is used to acquire the power request of the vehicle; wherein the vehicle's battery includes a first power battery, a second power battery and a fuel cell, and the capacity of the first power battery is greater than that of the second power battery; The first control module is used to control the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the power request when the change in the power request does not exceed a preset ratio range; The second control module is used to control the discharge or recharge of the first power battery according to the power request when the change in the power request exceeds a preset ratio range, and to control the discharge or recharge of the second power battery according to the discharge or recharge power of the first power battery. The load-changing module is used to obtain the output power of the fuel cell after the second power battery is discharged or recharged, or after the first power battery and the second power battery are discharged or recharged together, and after the output power has been running stably for more than a first preset time, control the fuel cell to perform load changing, and control the first power battery to change load in coordination with the load changing of the fuel cell.

10. A battery energy management and control system, characterized in that, Includes: an MCU and a first power battery, a second power battery, and a fuel cell connected to the MCU; The MCU is used to execute the battery energy management control method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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